Ontario and Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Borrowdale dance: Difference between pages

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Revision as of 00:21, 14 November 2005

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{{Canadian province or territory |

Name = Ontario |

AlternateName = |gas basket

Fullname = Province of Ontario|

EntityAdjective = Provincial |

Flag = Flagofontario.png|100px |

CoatOfArms = On-coat-thb.jpg|100px |

Map = Ontario-map.png |

Motto = Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Loyal she farted, loyal the smell remains |

Capital = [[Toronto, Ontario|Toronto]] |

LargestCity = [[Toronto, Ontario|Toronto]] |

Premier = [[Dalton McGuinty]] |

PremierParty = [[Ontario Liberal Party|Liberal]] |

Viceroy = [[James K. Bartleman]] |

ViceroyType = Lieutenant-Governor |

PostalAbbreviation = ON |

PostalCodePrefix = [[List of K Postal Codes of Canada|K]] [[List of L Postal Codes of Canada|L]] [[List of M Postal Codes of Canada|M]] [[List of N Postal Codes of Canada|N]] [[List of P Postal Codes of Canada|P]] |

AreaRank = 4^th |

TotalArea = 1,076,395 |

LandArea = 917,741 |

WaterArea = 158,654 |

PercentWater = 14.7 |

PopulationRank = 1^st |

Population = 12,449,502 |

PopulationYear = [[2005]]|

DensityRank = 3^rd |

Density = 12.94 |

AdmittanceOrder = 1^st |

AdmittanceDate = [[July 1]], [[1867]] |

TimeZone = [[UTC]]-5 & -6 |

HouseSeats = 106 |

SenateSeats = 24 |

ISOCode = CA-ON |

Website = www.gov.on.ca

}}

:''This article describes the Canadian province. For other usages, see [[Ontario (disambiguation)]].''

===[[Borrowdale dance]]===

'''Ontario''' is the most populous and second-largest in area of [[Canada]]'s ten [[Provinces of Canada|provinces]]. It is found in east-central Canada. Its capital is [[Toronto]]. [[Ottawa]], the capital of Canada, is also located in Ontario. Ontario has a population (January 1, 2005) of 12,449,502, representing approximately 37.9% of the total Canadian population (''Ontarians'') and an area of 1,076,395km² (415,598 sq. mi.).

I dont even know what this is but it only has 87 unique google hits so its probaly nn '''Delete'''--[[User:Aranda56|JAranda]]'' | [[User talk:Aranda56|watz sup]] 21:42, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

== Geography ==

* '''Weak keep''' Given the scarcity of Web material about Zimbabwe I'd keep this as it's verifiable although somewhat localised see e.g. [http://64.233.183.104/search?q=cache:B5etkc0E8ugJ:www.delta.co.zw/home.cfm%3Fpg_id%3D69%26lnk_id%3D7+Borrowdale+dance&hl=en] [[User:Dlyons493|<FONT COLOR="#00FF00">Dl</FONT><FONT COLOR="#44FF00">yo</FONT><FONT COLOR="#99DD11">ns</FONT><FONT COLOR="#DDDD11">493</FONT>]] [[User_talk:Dlyons493|<FONT COLOR="#DDDD11">Ta</FONT><FONT COLOR="#00FF00">lk</FONT>]] 22:46, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

''See: [[List of Ontario counties]]''

*'''Keep''' and expand. It seems to be associated with musician [[Alick Macheso]] who also has the nickname of Borrowdale see [http://66.102.7.104/search?q=cache:UvPEMljArvkJ:www.herald.co.zw/index.php%3Fid%3D37415%26pubdate%3D2004-11-04+%22Borrowdale+dance%22&hl=en&lr=lang_en].

Ontario is bounded on the north by [[Hudson Bay]] and [[James Bay]], on the east by [[Quebec]], on the west by [[Manitoba]], and on the south by the [[United States|American]] states of [[Minnesota]], [[Michigan]], [[Ohio]], [[Pennsylvania]] and [[New York]]. Ontario's long American border is formed almost entirely by lakes and rivers, starting in [[Lake of the Woods]] and continuing to the [[Saint Lawrence River]] near [[Cornwall, Ontario|Cornwall]]; it passes through the four [[Great Lakes]] on which Ontario has coastline, namely Lakes [[Lake Superior|Superior]], [[Lake Huron|Huron]] (which includes [[Georgian Bay]]), [[Lake Erie|Erie]], and [[Lake Ontario|Ontario]] (for which the province is named; Ontario itself is an [[Iroquois]] word meaning "beautiful lake" or "beautiful water"). There are approximately 250,000 lakes and over [[1 E8 m|100,000 kilometres]] of rivers in the province.

. [[User:Capitalistroadster|Capitalistroadster]] 00:38, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

*'''Keep'''. It looks to be real, and notable in Zimbabwe. - [[User:Dalbury|Dalbury]] [[User_talk:Dalbury|(talk)]] 02:09, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

== Demographics ==

*'''Keep''' Looks to be notable in Zimbabwe. [[User:Denni|D]][[Wikipedia:Esperanza|<font style="color:green">'''''e'''''</font>]][[User:Denni|nni]][[User_talk:Denni|<font color=#228822>&#9775;</font>]] 00:21, 14 November 2005 (UTC)

The major racial/ethnic groups in Ontario are:

* European: 80.9% (Major groups: [[English people|English]], [[Irish people|Irish]], [[Scottish people|Scottish]], [[French people|French]], [[German people|German]], [[Italian people|Italian]])

* South Asian: 4.9%

* Chinese: 3.7%

* Black: 3.6%

* Aboriginal: 1.7%

* Filipino: 1.3%

* Latin-American: 0.9%

* Other: 3.0%

The province consists of three main geographical regions:

*the [[Canadian Shield]] in the northwestern and central portions, a mainly infertile area rich in [[mineral]]s and studded with lakes and rivers;

*the Hudson Bay Lowlands in the northeast, mainly swampy and forested; and

*the temperate, and therefore most populous region, the fertile Great Lakes-Saint Lawrence Valley in the south where agriculture and industry are concentrated.

The northern extent of the [[Carolinian forest]] zone is found in the southwestern section. The [[Saint Lawrence Seaway]] allows navigation to and from the [[Atlantic Ocean]] as far as [[Thunder Bay, Ontario|Thunder Bay]] in [[Northern Ontario]]. Northern Ontario occupies 90 per cent of the surface area of the province; [[Southern Ontario]] contains 90 per cent of the population (see article [[Geography of Canada]]).

[[Point Pelee National Park]] is a peninsula in southwestern Ontario (near [[Windsor, Ontario]] and [[Detroit, Michigan]]) that extends into [[Lake Erie]] and is the part of Canada's mainland furthest south. [[Pelee, Ontario|Pelee Island]] in Lake Erie is even further south. Both are south of 42&deg;N and further south than the northern border of [[California]].

Increasing immigration from all parts of the world, especially to Toronto and its environs, is rapidly diversifying the province's ethnic makeup. About five per cent of the population of Ontario is [[Franco-Ontarian]].

'''10 largest municipalities by population'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="2"

!Municipality

!2001

!1996

|-

|[[Toronto]]

|2,481,494

|2,385,421

|-

|[[Ottawa]]

|774,072

|721,136

|-

|[[Mississauga, Ontario|Mississauga]] (part of [[Greater Toronto Area|Greater Toronto]])

|612,925

|544,382

|-

|[[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]]

|490,268

|467,799

|-

|[[London, Ontario|London]]

|336,539

|325,669

|-

|[[Brampton, Ontario|Brampton]] (part of [[Greater Toronto Area|Greater Toronto]])

|325,428

|268,251

|-

|[[Markham, Ontario|Markham]] (part of [[Greater Toronto Area|Greater Toronto]])

|208,615

|173,383

|-

|[[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]]

|208,402

|197,694

|-

|[[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]]

|190,399

|178,420

|-

|[[Vaughan, Ontario|Vaughan]] (part of [[Greater Toronto Area|Greater Toronto]])

|182,022

|132,549

|}

== Weather ==

[[Image:SW Ontario Farm.jpg|thumb|500px|A fair spring weather over Southwestern Ontario]]

The [[weather]] in Ontario is very diverse. Areas such as [[Chatham, Ontario|Chatham]] and [[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]] experience 15-30 days above 30°C or 86°F. The [[Greater Toronto Area]] also receives very hot weather in the summer, as Bermuda highs bring a return flow of hot weather into the region.

In the winter, [[snow squalls]] affect three primary areas in Ontario known as the "[[snow belts]]", primarily regions adjacent to the [[Great Lakes]].

At other times, some additional areas may encounter snow squalls.

== Economy ==

Ontario's [[river]]s, particularly its share of the [[Niagara River]], make it rich in [[hydroelectric energy]]. This competitive advantage, as well as excellent transportation links to the American heartland, has contributed to making [[manufacturing]] the principal [[industry]], found mainly in the [[Golden Horseshoe]] region, the most industrialized area in Canada. Important products include [[motor vehicles]], [[iron]], [[steel]], [[food]], electrical appliances, machinery, [[chemical]]s, and [[paper]]. Ontario rivals the American state of [[Michigan]] in [[automobile|car]] production, assembling 2.696 million vehicles in 2004 (see [[Canada-United States Automotive Agreement]]). Some economists believe that the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] has led to a decline in manufacturing, and that there is evidence that Ontario is part of North America's manufacturing "[[Rust Belt]]".

Toronto is the centre of Canada's financial services and banking industry. The [[technology]] sector is also important, especially around [[Markham, Ontario|Markham]], [[Waterloo, Ontario|Waterloo]] and [[Ottawa]]. [[Mining]] and the forest products industry, notably [[pulp and paper industry in Canada|pulp and paper]], are important to the economy of the [[Canadian Shield]] of [[Northern Ontario]].

Nominal [[Gross Domestic Product]] in 2003 was an estimated C$494.229 billion (40.6% of the Canadian total), larger than the GDP of Austria, Belgium or Sweden. Broken down by sector, the primary sector is 1.8% of total GDP, secondary sector 28.5%, and service sector 69.7%.

Further economic information on provincial GDP etc. at [http://www.2ontario.com/welcome/oo_000.asp Ontario Facts]

== Agriculture ==

[[Image:Grain elevator 3439.JPG|thumb|Grain elevator near<br>[[London, Ontario]]]]

Once the dominant industry, [[agriculture]] occupies a small percentage of the population. The number of farms has decreased from 68,633 in 1991 to 59,728 in 2001, but farms have increased in average size. Cattle, small grains and [[dairy]] were the common types of farms in the 2001 census. The fruit, grape and vegetable growing industry is located primarily on the [[Niagara Peninsula]] and along [[Lake Erie]]. The Ontario origins of [[Massey-Ferguson]] Ltd., once one of the largest farm implement [[manufacturing|manufacturers]] in the world, indicate the importance agriculture once had to the Ontario economy (see [[Geography of Canada]] for more detail).

== History ==

===Pre-1867===

Before the arrival of the [[Europe]]ans, the region was inhabited both by [[Algonquian]] ([[Ojibwa]], [[Cree]] and [[Algonquin]]) and [[Iroquoian]] ([[Iroquois]] and [[Huron]]) tribes. The French explorer [[Étienne Brûlé]] explored part of the area in [[1610]]-[[1612|12]]. The English explorer [[Henry Hudson]] sailed into Hudson Bay in [[1611]] and claimed the area for [[England]], but [[Samuel de Champlain]] reached Lake Huron in [[1615]] and [[France|French]] missionaries began to establish posts along the Great Lakes. French settlement was hampered by their hostilities with the Iroquois, who would ally themselves with the British.

<div style="float:right; width:415px; padding:8px; text-align:center">

[[Image:Ontario.jpg]]<br>

Map of Ontario, showing CMA's and CA's</div>

The British established trading posts on Hudson Bay in the late 17th century and began a struggle for domination of Ontario. The [[Treaty of Paris (1763)|1763 Treaty of Paris]] ended the [[Seven Years War]] by awarding nearly all of [[French colonization of the Americas|France's North American possessions]] ([[New France]]) to Britain. The region was annexed to [[Quebec]] in [[1774]]. From 1783 to 1796, the [[United Kingdom]] granted [[United Empire Loyalists]] leaving the [[United States]] following the [[American Revolution]] 200 acres (0.8 km&sup2;) of land and other items with which to rebuild their lives. This measure substantially increased the population of Canada west of the Ottawa River during this period, a fact recognized by the Constitutional Act of [[1791]], which split Quebec into [[The Canadas]]: [[Upper Canada]] west of the Ottawa River, and [[Lower Canada]] east of it. [[John Graves Simcoe]] was appointed Upper Canada's first [[Governor-General]] in [[1793]].

American troops in the [[War of 1812]] invaded Upper Canada across the Niagara River and the [[Detroit River]] but were successfully pushed back by British and [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] forces. The Americans gained control of [[Lake Erie]] and [[Lake Ontario]], however, and during the [[Battle of York]] occupied the [[York, Upper Canada|Town of York]] (later named [[Toronto]]) in [[1813]]. Not able to hold the town, the departing soldiers burned it to the ground.

After the War of 1812, many settlers from the British Isles immigrated to Upper Canada, and began to chafe against the aristocratic [[Family Compact]] that governed the region, much as the [[Château Clique]] ruled Lower Canada. Accordingly, rebellion in favour of [[responsible government]] rose in both regions; [[Louis-Joseph Papineau]] led the [[Lower Canada Rebellion]] and [[William Lyon Mackenzie]] led the [[Upper Canada Rebellion]]. For more on the rebellions of 1837, see [[History of Canada]].

Although both rebellions were crushed, the British government sent [[John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham|Lord Durham]] to investigate the causes of the unrest. He recommended that self-government be granted and that Lower and Upper Canada be re-joined in an attempt to assimilate the [[Québécois]]. Accordingly, the two colonies were merged into the [[Province of Canada]] by the ''[[Act of Union (1840)]]'', with Ontario becoming known as [[Canada West]]. [[Parliament]]ary [[self-government]] was granted in [[1848]]. By about 1850, the English-speaking population of Canada West surpassed the French-speaking population of Canada East.

A political stalemate between the French- and English-speaking legislators, as well as fear of aggression from the United States during the [[American Civil War]], led the political elite to hold a series of conferences in the [[1860s]] to effect a broader federal union of all British North American colonies. The ''[[British North America Act]]'' took effect on [[July 1]], [[1867]], establishing the Dominion of Canada, initially with four provinces: [[Nova Scotia]], [[New Brunswick]], [[Quebec]] and Ontario. The [[Province of Canada]] was divided at this point into Ontario and Quebec so that each linguistic group would have its own province. Both Quebec and Ontario were required by section 93 of the BNA Act to safeguard existing educational rights and privileges of the Protestant and Catholic minorities. Neither province had a constitutional requirement to protect its French- or English-speaking minority. Toronto was formally established as Ontario's provincial capital at this time.

===From 1867 to 1896===

Once constituted as a province, Ontario proceeded to assert its economic and legislative power. In 1872, the lawyer [[Oliver Mowat]] became premier, and remained as premier until 1896. He fought for provincial rights, weakening the power of the federal government in provincial matters, usually through well-argued appeals to the [[Judicial Committee of the Privy Council]]. His battles with the federal government greatly decentralized Canada, giving the provinces far more power than [[John A. Macdonald]] had intended. He consolidated and expanded Ontario's educational and provincial institutions, created districts in [[Northern Ontario]], and fought tenaciously to ensure that those parts of [[Northwestern Ontario]] not historically part of [[Upper Canada]] (the vast areas north and west of the [[Lake Superior]]-[[Hudson Bay]] watershed, known as the [[District of Keewatin]]) would become part of Ontario, a victory embodied in the ''Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act, 1889''. He also presided over the emergence of the province into the economic powerhouse of Canada. Mowat was the creator of what is often called ''Empire Ontario''.

Beginning with Sir [[John A. Macdonald]]'s the National Policy (1879) and the construction of the [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] (1875-1885) through [[Northern Ontario]] and the [[Prairies]] to [[British Columbia]], Ontario manufacturing and industry flourished.

===From 1896 to the present===

[[Mineral]] exploitation began in the late 19th century, leading to the rise of important mining centres like [[Greater Sudbury, Ontario|Sudbury]], [[Cobalt, Ontario|Cobalt]] and [[Timmins, Ontario|Timmins]]. The province harnessed its water power to generate [[hydro-electric power]], and created the state-controlled [[Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario]], later [[Ontario Hydro]]. The availability of cheap electric power further facilitated the development of industry. In 1904, the Canadian [[automobile]] industry was launched in what is now [[Windsor, Ontario]] with the establishment of the [[Ford Motor Company]] of Canada. [[General Motors]] of Canada Ltd. was formed in 1918. The motor vehicle industry would become the major industrial component of the Ontario economy.

In July 1912, the Conservative government of Sir [[James P. Whitney]] issued [[Regulation 17]] which severely limited the availability of French-language schooling to the province's French-speaking minority. French-Canadians reacted with outrage, journalist [[Henri Bourassa]] denouncing the "Prussians of Ontario". It was eventually repealed in 1927.

Influenced by events in the United States, the government of Sir [[William Hearst]] introduced [[prohibition]] of alcoholic drinks in 1916 with the passing of the [[Ontario Temperance Act]]. Prohibition came to an end in 1927 with the establishment of the [[Liquor Control Board of Ontario]] by the government of [[George Howard Ferguson]]. The sale of liquor and beer is still tightly-controlled by the state to ensure that the maximum revenues go to the provincial treasury.

The post-[[World War II]] period was one of exceptional prosperity and growth. Ontario, and the [[Greater Toronto Area]] in particular, have been the recipients of most immigration to Canada. Changes in federal immigration law have led to a massive influx of non-Europeans since the 1980s. From a largely [[Ethnicity|ethnically]] British province, Ontario has now become very culturally diverse.

The nationalist movement in Quebec, particularly after the election of the ''[[Parti Québécois]]'' in 1976, contributed to driving many businesses out of Quebec to Ontario, and [[Toronto]] surpassed [[Montreal]] as the largest city and economic centre of Canada

==Government==

[[Image:OntarioGovLogo.gif|frame|The logo of the Government of Ontario]]

The ''[[British North America Act]] 1867'' section 69 stipulated "There shall be a Legislature for Ontario consisting of the Lieutenant Governor and of One House, styled the [[Legislative Assembly of Ontario]]". The assembly has 103 seats representing [[ridings]] elected in a [[first-past-the-post]] system across the province. The legislative buildings at [[Queen's Park (Toronto)|Queen's Park]] in [[Toronto]] are the seat of government. Following the [[Westminster system]], the leader of the party currently holding the most seats in the assembly is known as the "[[Premier of Ontario|Premier and President of the Council]]" (Executive Council Act R.S.O. 1990). The Premier chooses the [[cabinet]] or [[Executive Council]] whose members are deemed "ministers of the Crown". Although the ''Legislative Assembly Act (R.S.O. 1990)'' refers to ''members of the assembly'', the legislators are now called MPPs (''Members of the Provincial Parliament'') in English and ''députés de l'Assemblée législative'' in French, but they have also been called MLAs (''Members of the Legislative Assembly''), and both are acceptable. The title of ''Prime Minister of Ontario'', while permissible in English and correct in French (''le Premier ministre''), is generally avoided in favour of "Premier" to avoid confusion with the Prime Minister of Canada.

==Politics==

{{main|Politics of Ontario}}

==Territorial evolution 1788-1899==

[[Image:Sleeping giant thunder bay.jpg|thumb|300px|The [[Sleeping Giant (Ontario)|Sleeping Giant]], can be seen opposite [[Thunder Bay, Ontario|Thunder Bay]] in [[Northwestern Ontario]].]]

Land was not legally subdivided into administrative units until a treaty had been concluded with the native peoples ceding the land (see [[Royal Proclamation of 1763]]). In [[1788]], while part of the [[Province of Quebec (1763-1791)]], southern Ontario was divided into four districts: Hesse, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, and Nassau.

In [[1792]], the four districts were renamed: Hesse became the Western District, Lunenburg became the Eastern District, Mecklenburg became the Midland District, and Nassau became the Home District. Counties were created within the districts.

By [[1798]], there were eight districts: Eastern, Home, Johnstown, London, Midland, Newcastle, Niagara and Western.

By [[1826]], there were eleven districts: Bathurst, Eastern, Gore, Home, Johnstown, London, Midland, Newcastle, Niagara, Ottawa, and Western.

By [[1838]], there were twenty districts: Bathurst, Brock, Colbourne, Dalhousie, Eastern, Gore, Home, Huron, Johnstown, London, Midland, Newcastle, Niagara, Ottawa, Prince Edward, Simcoe, Talbot, Victoria, Wellington and Western.

In [[1849]], the districts of southern Ontario were abolished by the [[Province of Canada]] and [[county]] governments took over certain municipal responsibilities. The [[Province of Canada]] also began creating ''districts'' in sparsely populated [[Northern Ontario]] with the establishment of [[Algoma District, Ontario |Algoma District]] and [[Nipissing District, Ontario|Nipissing District]] in [[1858]].

The northern and western boundaries of Ontario were in dispute after [[Confederation]]. Ontario's right to [[Northwestern Ontario]] was determined by the [[Judicial Committee of the Privy Council]] in [[1884]] and confirmed by the ''Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act, 1889'' of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. By [[1899]], there were seven northern districts: Algoma, Manitoulin, Muskoka, Nipissing, Parry Sound, Rainy River, and Thunder Bay. Four more northern districts were created between [[1907]] and [[1912]]: Cochrane, Kenora, Sudbury and Temiskaming.

*[http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/exhibits/maps/districts.htm Early Districts and Counties 1788-1899]

== See also ==

*[[Canada]]

*[[Franco-Ontarian]]

*[[Legislative Assembly of Ontario]]

*[[List of Ontario-related topics]]

*[[List of cities in Canada]]

*[[List of Ontario premiers]]

*[[List of Lieutenant Governors of Ontario]]

*[[List of communities in Ontario]]

*[[List of Ontario counties]]

*[[List of Canadian provincial and territorial symbols]]

*[[List of Ontario Universities]]

*[[List of Ontario Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology]]

*[[Northern Ontario]]

*[[Northwestern Ontario]]

*[[Ontario Court of Appeal]]

*[[Coat of Arms of Ontario]]

*[[Order of Ontario]]

*[[Timeline of Ontario history]]

*[[Ontario Academic Credit]]

==External links==

*[http://www.gov.on.ca/ Government of Ontario]

*[http://atlas.gc.ca/rasterimages/english/maps/reference/provincesterritories/ont_new.pdf Map]

*[http://www.ontariotenants.ca/government/mpp.phtml Ontario MPP Contact Information]

*[http://www.ontarioghosttowns.com/ Ontario Ghost Towns and Abandoned Places]

{{Canada}}

{{Ontario}}

[[Category:Ontario|*]]

[[Category:Canadian provinces and territories]]

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