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'''Ip Chun''' (葉準 or Yip Jun 1924- ) is [[Yip Man]]'s eldest son.
'''Reconstructions''' of the traditions of '''[[Germanic paganism]]''' began with [[19th century]] [[Romanticism]]. From the [[1960s]], various '''[[Neopagan]] ''' movements based on pre-Christian Germanic faiths have emerged.
He had a late start in the discipline of [[Wing Chun]] though he practiced some basic skills as early as age seven.
'''[[Heathen]]''' ([[Old Norse]] ''heiðinn''), the Germanic translation of [[Latin]] ''paganus'', is preferred by some adherents as a self-description. In the [[USA]], '''[[Ásatrú]]''' ("[[Æsir]] faith") and '''[[Odinism]]''' are widely used as a generic term for Germanic paganism, while in [[Britain]], '''[[Heathenry]]''', and in Scandinavia '''Forn Sed''' ("Old custom") is current, while others make a sharp distinction between these terms.
==Terminology==
===Ásatrú===
''Ásatrú'' is an [[Old Norse language |Old Norse]] compound derived from ''Ása'', the [[genitive]] of [[Áss]], which refers to the Aesir, (one of the two families of gods in Norse mythology, the other being the Vanir), and ''Trú'', literally "troth" or "faith". Thus, Ásatrú is the "Æsir's faith." The term is the Old Norse/Icelandic translation of ''Asetro'', a [[neologism]] coined in the context of [[19th century]] [[romantic nationalism]], first used by [[Edvard Grieg]] in his [[1870]] opera ''[[Olaf Trygvason]]''. The Icelandic form of the word is first recorded in [[1945]] in ''Heiðinn siður á Íslandi'' ("Heathen traditions in Iceland") by Ólafur Briem.
''Ásatrúar'', sometimes used as a plural in English, is properly the [[genitive]] of Ásatrú.
He was instrumental in planning and starting the Hong Kong Ving Tsun Atheletic Association for his father since 1965. He had been the treasurer, board member and chairman of the board of the association.
Use of ''[[Ásatrú]]'' for [[Germanic paganism]] preceding 19th century revivalist movements is therefore an anachronism. Likewise, use of ''Ásatrú'' as a synonym of [[Germanic Neopaganism]], while widespread in the [[USA]], can be misleading. Organizations self-describing as Ásatrú cover a wide spectrum, including left-wing or alternative [[New Age]], tribalist or reconstructionist, folkish, or [[neonazi]] (e.g. ''[[Artgemeinschaft]]'') movements.
In the strict sense, the term refers to reconstructed medieval Norse or Icelandic paganism and in particular to the ''[[Íslenska Ásatrúarfélagið]]''.
He started teaching Wing Chun in 1967 in accordance with his fathers wishes.
===Heathen===
He gave seminars around the world between 1985 and [[2001]].
''[[Heathen]]'' ([[Old English language|Old English]] ''hæðen'', [[Old Norse]] ''heiðinn'') was coined as a translation of Latin ''paganus'', in the Christian sense of "non-[[Abrahamic]] faith". Historically, the term was influenced by [[Gothic language|Gothic]] ''*haiþi'', appearing as ''haiþno'' in [[Ulfilas]]' bible as translating ''gunē Hellēnis'', "[[Greeks|Greek]] (i.e. [[gentile]]) woman" of [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] 7:26, probably with an original meaning "dwelling on the [[Heath (habitat)|heath]]", but it was also suggested that it was chosen because of its similarity to [[Greek language|Greek]] ''[[ethnic|ethne]]'' "[[gentile]]" or even that it is not related to "heath" at all, but rather a loan from [[Armenian language|Armenian]] ''hethanos'', itself loaned from Greek ''ethnos''. Some Germanic Neopagans narrow the sense of the word to Germanic paganism in particular, and prefer it over ''pagan'' as a self-designation.
===Odinism= Lineage ==
{| border cellpadding=5 class="wikitable"
Coined by [[Orestes Brownson]] in [[1848]], in ''A revival of Odinism, or the old Scandinavian heathenism'', and re-introduced in the late 1930s by [[Alexander Rud Mills]], and in the 1960s to early 1970s with [[Else Christensen]]'s [[Odinist Fellowship]] in America, and by the [[Odinic Rite]] in England, the term focuses on worship of [[Odin]] in particular, and in the narrow sense refers to the [[Odinic Rite]] society, but in a wider sense it is also used synonymously with ''Ásatrú'' or ''Heathen''.
| colspan="4" align="center" | Lineage in Wing Chun
|-
|[[sifu]]||his father [[Yip Man]] (葉問) || colspan=2 rowspan=2|
|-
| colspan="2" align="center" | <br>'''Ip Chun''' (葉準)<br>
|-
|students||numerous including<br>
[[Shaun Rawcliffe]] web site:[http://www.wingchun.co.uk/ Midlands Wing Chun Kuen (UK)]
<br>
[[Colin Ward]] web site:[http://www.wingchunkwoon.net/ Northern Wing Chun Kung Fu Association (UK)]
<br>
[[Samuel Kwok]] web site:[http://www.kwokwingchun.co.uk/ Samuel Kwok Wing Chun Assc.]
|}
== External links ==
===Forn Siðr===
*[http://www.ipchun.org/ his website]
[[Old Norse]] ''Forn Siðr'', [[Anglo-Saxon]] ''Fyrnsidu'' and its modern Scandinavian analogues ''Forn Sed'', all meaning "Old Custom",
*[http://www.ipchun.net/ his students association website]
is used as a term for pre-Christian Germanic culture in general, and for Germanic neopaganism in particular, mostly by groups in Scandinavia.
*[http://www.rthk.org.hk/rthk/tv/theoutsiders2005/20051021.html A TV programme of RTHK that interviewed Peter, a Swedish and one of his students]
Old Norse ''forn'' "old" is cognate to Sanskrit ''[[purana]]'', English ''far''. Old Norse ''siðr'' "custom" (not to be confused with ''sīðr'' "late"), Anglo-Saxon ''sidu'', ''seodu'' "custom", cognate to Greek ''[[ethos]]'', in the sense of "traditional law, way of life, proper behaviour". In meaning, the term corresponds exactly to [[Sanskrit]] ''sanātana dharma'', the native term for [[Hinduism]]. In contradistinction to ''Ásatrú'', ''inn forni siðr'' is actually attested in Old Norse, contrasting with ''inn nýi siðr'' "the new custom", and similarly ''Heiðinn siðr'', contrasting with ''Kristinn siðr'', and ''í fornum sið'' "in old (heathen) times" [http://penguin.pearson.swarthmore.edu/~scrist1/scanned_books/html/oi_cleasbyvigfusson/b0526.html]<!-- beware of OCR errors on this page!-->.
===Theodism===
Theodism, or ''Þéodisc Geléafa'' seeks to reconstruct the beliefs and practices of the [[Anglo-Saxon]] tribes which settled in [[Anglo-Saxon England|England]]. ''þéodisc'' is the adjective of ''þéod'' "people, tribe", cognate to ''[[deutsch]]''.
==History==
The first modern attempt at revival of ancient Germanic religion took place in the [[19th Century]] during the late [[Romanticism|Romantic Period]] amidst a general resurgence of interest in traditional Germanic culture, in particular in connection with [[romantic nationalism]] in Scandinavia and the related [[Viking revival]] in [[Victorian era]] Britain.
The last traditional pagan sacrifices in Scandinavia, at [[Trollkyrka]], appear to date to about this time.
Organized Germanic pagan or occult groups such as the [[Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft]] emerged in Germany in the early 20th century.
Several early members of the [[Nazi Party]] were part of the [[Thule Society]], a study group for German antiquity.
The connections of this movement to historical Germanic paganism are tenuous at best, with its emphasis lying on the esoteric as taught by the likes of [[Julius Evola]], [[Guido von List]] or [[Karl Maria Willigut]]. While occult elements played an important role in the formative phase of Nazism, and of the [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] in particular (Nazi use of [[rune]]s has its origin in these early times), after his rise to power, [[Adolf Hitler]] discouraged such pursuits, to the disappointment of [[Nazi Mysticism|Nazi mysticists]] like [[Rudolf Hess]] and [[Alfred Rosenberg]], and Neopagan societies were even exposed to some amount of [[Persecution of Heathens|persecution]], with at least one member of List's ''[[Armanenschaft]]'' killed in a concentration camp, although [[Heinrich Himmler]] remained actively interested in [[Ariosophy]] and related concepts throughout the war, incorporating the ''[[Ahnenerbe]]'' into the SS in [[1940]].
A second revival began in the late [[1960s]] and early [[1970s]]. [[Ásatrú]] was recognized as an official religion by the [[Iceland]]ic government in 1973, largely due to the efforts of [[Sveinbjörn Beinteinsson]].
At about the same time, [[Else Christensen]] began publishing "The Odinist" newsletter in [[Canada]]. In the United States, Steve McNallen, a former [[U.S. Army]] officer, began publishing a newsletter titled "The Runestone". He also formed an organization called the Asatru Free Assembly, later renamed the ''Ásatrú Folk Assembly'' (AFA) [http://www.runestone.org/flash/introduction/index.html], which held annual "Althing" meetings. These early societies went through a series of reformations and splits in 1987/88, resulting in the ''Ásatrú Alliance'' [http://www.asatru.org], an offshoot of the AFA headed by Valgard Murray, publisher of the "Vor Tru" newsletter and the [[Ring of Troth]] [http://www.thetroth.org/]. In the United States, the most prevalent form of Heathen organization is in small groups called ''[[Kindred]]s'', sometimes also known as a ''Hearths'', ''Garths'' or ''Steads''.
The ''Angelseaxisce Ealdriht'' was a confederation promoting Theodish or specifically [[Anglo-Saxon]] Heathenry from 1996 to 2004. Since the Anglo-Saxon society was based on sacral kingship, American Theodist Neopagans saw it necessary to elect an ''[[Aetheling]]''; this position, king of ''[[Vinland|Winland]] Rice]]'' has been occupied by one Garman since 1995 [http://www.geocities.com/theodish_belief/articles3.html]. Theodism places emphasis on [[oath]]s and allegiance between members.
The [[Odinic Rite]] was established in England in [[1972]], and in the [[1990s]] expanded to include chapters in Germany (1995) [http://odinic-rite.de/], Australia (1995) [http://www.geocities.com/osred/odinic_rite_australia.htm] and North America (1997) [http://www.irminsul.org/arc/199705b.html].
In Germany, Nazism was replaced with [[Neo-Nazi]] currents after [[World War II]], with the ''[[Artgemeinschaft]]'' operating from [[1951]]. A non-political revival began in the wake of the [[New Age]] movement, with the ''[[Heidnische Gemeinschaft]]'' (HG) founded by [[Géza von Neményi]] in [[1985]]. Von Neményi in 1991 re-activated the [[Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft]] (GGG) and split off the HG. The movement further diversified during the 1990s, with [[Nornirs Ætt]] splitting off the universalist [[Rabenclan]] in 1997, and the [[Eldaring]], inspired by the US Ring of Troth, founded in 2000. Hostility between factions remains pronounced in Germany, with even Nornirs Ætt and Rabenclan, two expressedly anti-racist organizations, discontinuing their collaboration in 2005.
In the [[1990s]] and [[2000s]], a variety of Scandinavian associations and networks have formed. Swedish ''Sveriges Asatrosamfund'' (since 1994), Norwegian [[Åsatrufellesskapet Bifrost]] in Norway (1996) and [[Foreningen Forn Sed]] (1999), recognized by the Norwegian government as a religious society, allowing them to perform "legally binding civil ceremonies" (i. e. marriages), Danish [[Forn Siðr]] (1999) and Swedish ''Nätverket Gimle'' (2001), an informal community for individual heathens, primarily living in Sweden with no connection to any formal organisation, and ''Nätverket Forn Sed'' (2004), a network consisting of local groups (blotlag) from all over the country. It was recently founded by members from other Forn Sed societies. The network is against racism, sexism and homophobia.
==Distribution of adherents==
Today, Germanic Neopaganism is practiced primarily in [[Scandinavia]], [[Germany]], [[Britain]], [[North America]], [[Australia]] and [[New Zealand]]. Small communities are also found in many other countries, mostly in [[Western Europe]] ([[Austria]], [[Switzerland]], the [[Netherlands]], [[Belgium]], [[France]], [[Italy]], [[Portugal]]) and [[Russia]].
The number of adherents worldwide is unknown, partly because of the lack of a clear definition separating Asatru from related currents. Those organised in some sort of organization number perhaps several hundred in North America, about 400 in Iceland, and a few hundred in both Scandinavia and Germany, with smaller groups scattered world wide, adding to a total of a few thousands.
As of [[2001]], the University of New York estimated that some 140,000 people in the USA self-identify as "Pagan" [http://www.gc.cuny.edu/faculty/research_briefs/aris/key_findings.htm] (excluding Wiccan (134,000), New Age (68,000), Druid (33,000), Spiritualist (116,000) and aboriginal religions (4,000)). The total number of Neopagans worldwide is estimated at roughly one million [http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html] [http://www.cog.org/cogpoll_final.html], of which about a third each are located in the UK, the USA, and over the rest of the world.
Celtic Neopaganism is more widespread than Germanic traditions in the UK, so that including individuals not organized in societies, the worldwide number of people identifying in some way with Asatru or Germanic Neopaganism may range at roughly a few hundred thousands.
==Factions==
Besides the Norse/Germanic mythology at its core, Heathenry has regional varieties of emphasis, often from the subjective interpretations of influential local practitioners. Thus, in [[Germany]] and the [[USA]], some movements have [[Race|racial]], [[white supremacy]] or [[Neo-Nazi]] ideologies, while in [[Iceland]], on the other hand, [[Ásatrú]] has left wing associations.
Some Neopagan organizations in [[Germany]] in particular have a relationship to [[Ariosophy]], [[Occultism]] and [[Neo-Nazi]] ideology, such as the ''[[Armanen-Orden]]'' in the tradition of [[Karl Maria Willigut]]. Other organizations, like the re-founded ''[[Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft]]'' or ''[[Odinic Rite]]'' are not clear in their associations, while the ''[[Rabenclan]]'' has a reputation of anti-Nazi criticism in German Neopaganism.
In the [[USA]], notably [[Else Christensen]]'s [[Odinist Fellowship]] was influenced by [[Nazism|National Socialism]], while other organizations emphatically reject any such leanings. The official policy of the more [[liberal]] Troth takes no stance towards ethnicity or race, although their members are allowed to believe anything they choose.
A perhaps overly-simplified break down of the factions in North American Asatru [http://winterscapes.com/uppsala/factions.htm] could be identified as thus: '''[[Universalist]]''', '''[[Tribalist]]''' and '''[[Folkish]]''' Asatru. [[Universalist]] Asatruar practice a cultural and moral relativism to the point of [[syncretism]], while [[Folkish]] Asatruar insist on the necessity of Northern European heritage for the adherents of Asatru. [[Tribalist]] Asatruar take the middle approach between these two perspectives, and emphasizes the cultural identity and hsitory of (reconstructed) Germanic traditions without an emphasis on heritage or ethnicity.
Ásatrú also has connections with the [[black metal]] subculture, notably the infamous [[Varg Vikernes]] who was responsible for the burning of several Christian churches in the 1980s and 1990s in [[Norway]], in a somewhat futile attempt to restore Norway to its pagan roots.
==Tenets ==
Germanic Neopagan organizations generally favor [[Democracy|democratic]] and [[republic|republican]] forms of church government, as inspired by the parliamentary [[Thing (assembly)|Thing]]s of the [[Viking]] era and subsequent [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary systems]] of Britain and the Scandinavian countries. They promote individual rights and freedom of speech reminiscent of the free [[jarl]]s of [[Norse saga]].
Solitary practice, or practice in small circles of friends or family is common. Neopagan societies have been formed since the 1970s, but most take the role of a loose federation and do not require committed membership comparable to a [[church]]. Consequently, there is no central authority, and associations remain in a state of fluidity as factions form and break up again.
Germanic Neopaganism is primarily bound together by common symbological and social concepts.
Personal character and virtue is emphasized: truthfulness, self-reliance, and hospitality are important moral distinctions, underpinning an especially cherished notion of [[honour]].
Heathenry notably lacks any discussion of [[redemption]], [[salvation]], or [[perfection]], as well as their conceptual precursors. Although some adherents theorize an afterlife that involves a kind of rough justice, the Heathen moral system parts ways with other religions in its' [[Egoism|egoist]] foundations. Heathenry does not formalize restraint on individual behavior. For example, it is inimical to lists of wholesale injunctions against specific behaviors.
Comparison of the [[Nine Noble Virtues]] of modern heathenry, which are loosely based on the [[Havamal]] can be contrasted with the Judeo-Christian [[Ten Commandments]]. Such a comparison shows that it is not the actual behaviour (such as "thou shalt not steal") which are prescribed, but rather an emphasis on character traits, such as "truth", "self reliance" and "honour". It is left to the individual to figure out that stealing in most contexts will be in violation of such ideals. Consequently, some actions which other religions condemn wholesale, may be considered virtues in Heathenry, as long as they are carried out shrewdly and in accord with personal honour, both in the eyes of the individual and the community. Individual pride is one such example.
Germanic paganism reveres the natural environment in principle; but, unlike some nature-oriented Neopagan movements, Germanic Neopaganism opposes neither technology nor its material rewards. More mystical currents of Heathenry may be critical of industrialization or modern society, but even such criticism will focus on [[decadence]], lack of virtue or balance, rather than being a radical criticism of technology itself.
[[Wyrd]] is a concept of [[fatalism]] or [[determinism]], similar to some Graeco-Roman concepts of [[destiny]], and sometimes personified analogous to the [[Moirae]] (see [[Norns]]).
==Rites ==
*[[Blót]] is the term for the historical Norse [[sacrifice]] in honour of the gods, usually focusing on one of the gods in the pantheon. Asatru blóts are often celebrated outdoors in nature, the celebrants sometimes clad in home-made [[Viking Age]] attire. A blót may be highly formalized, but the underlying intent resembles inviting and having an honored guest or family member in for dinner. Food and drink may be offered. Most of this will be consumed by the participants, and some of the drink will be poured out onto the soil as a [[libation]] Home-brewed [[mead]] as the "Germanic" drink ''par excellance'' is popular.
*[[Sumbel]] (also spelled ''symbel'') is a Norse and Anglo-Saxon drinking rite in which an intoxicating drink (usually mead or ale) is passed around an assembled circle. At each passing of the drink, participants make a short speech, usually following the pattern of "Toast-Boast-Oath", see ''[[Bragarfull]]''. The Toast honors some mentor, revered relative, or favorite god of the participant. The Boast is an opportunity for the participant to honour himself in terms of some good work accomplished. The Oath is a promise to carry out some good work in the future. Participants are not required to say anything and may simply pass the drink along. Oaths made during Sumbel are considered binding upon the individuals making them. Another common pattern is to toast to a god or virtue, then a hero or ancestor, and the final round being either open, or else given to either a boast or an oath.
*[[Seid]] (Old Norse ''seiðr'') is a [[shamanism|shamanistic]] rite associated with altered states of consciousness. It is only practiced by a minority of Neopagans; in particular, ''Diana Paxson'' and her group, ''Hrafnar'' are reconstructing seid from available historical material, particularly its [[oracle|oracular]] form. [[Jan Fries]] traces seid as an inspiration for his "seething" shamanic technique, though he is less concerned with precise historical reconstruction. The ''[[Berserker|berserkergangr]]'' may be described as a sort of religious ecstasy, associated with [[Odin]].
==Artistic Output And Influence==
Grown out of 19th century [[Romanticism]], the [[Viking revival]] had associations with the [[Gothic novel]] and Romantic art such as the [[Pre-Raphaelites]] or the ''[[art nouveau]]''. Also of note is the influence of [[Richard Wagner]]'s "[[Ring Cycle]]." Artistic taste of Asatru adherents is often related to the [[High Fantasy]] genre based on Germanic mythology. [[New Age]] currents are another influence. These elements blend with traditional Germanic [[folklore]].
There have been several novels published by Heathens, particularly Diana Paxson and Kveldulf Gundarsson under the name Stephen Grundy, both drawing on the [[Volsunga Saga]] and [[Nibelungenlied]] for inspiration.
[[Neofolk]] music in particular, counts Germanic paganism as one of its largest and most obvious influences. Many of the instruments used are traditional, and the music is largely acoustic.
The [[Black metal]] genre at the time of its formation in 1980s Norway was deeply anti-Christian, and had a stated goal of removing the influence of Christianity and other non-Scandinavian religions from Norwegian culture and to effect a return to the nation's Norse roots. The genre continues to be centered on Pagan ([[Pagan metal]]) or Satanic imagery, anti-Christian lyrics and occult themes. Often, there are also traits of [[White supremacy]] movements, particularly in the [[National Socialist black metal]] subgenre. Other subgenres of [[heavy metal]] with Neopagan connections include [[Viking metal]] and [[Folk metal]].
==List of Organizations==
With the frequent renaming, merging and splitting of organizations, it is difficult to give a clear picture; the list below, sorted geographically, includes associations with a certain amount of structure and stability.
*Iceland / Scandinavia
**[http://www.asatru.is/ Ásatrúarfélagið] Iceland (since [[1972]])
**[http://www.bifrost.no/ Åsatrufellesskapet Bifrost] Norway (since [[1996]])
**[http://www.forn-sed.no/ Foreningen Forn Sed] Norway (since [[1999]])
**[http://www.drengskap.com/gimle/ Nätverket Gimle], Denmark (since [[2001]])
**[http://www.fornsed.se/ Nätverket Forn Sed] Sweden (since [[2004]])
**[http://www.asatrosamfundet.se/ Sveriges Asatrosamfund] Sweden (since [[1994]])
*Britain
**[http://www.odinic-rite.org/ Odinic Rite] (since [[1973]]) International Org.
*North America
**[http://www.runestone.org/ Asatru Folk Assembly] ([[1971]]-Current)
**[http://thetroth.org/ The Troth] (since [[1987]])
**[http://www.asatru.org/ Asatru Alliance] (since [[1988]])
*Germany
**[http://www.eldaring.de/content/index.php/ Eldaring] (since [[2000]])
**[http://www.gggev.com/ Germanische Glaubens-Gemeinschaft] ([[1907]]-[[1964]], reactivated [[1991]])
**[http://www.nornirsaett.de/ Nornirs Æt]] (since [[1997]])
==Other Organizations==
*Þéodisc or Theodish Groups
**[http://www.geocities.com/theodish_belief/ Gering Theod] (Formerly the Winland Rice - the first Theodish group)
**[http://normannii.org/ Normannii Thiud & Reik] Norman Reconstructionism
**[http://www.ealdriht.org/ Miercinga Ríce] Anglo-Saxon Heathenry
**[http://sahsisk.org/ Sahsisk Thiod] Saxon Theodish Belief
*[[Irminenschaft|Irminist]] Groups
**[http://www.irminenschaft.net/ Irminen-Gesellschaft]
==See also==
*[[Neopaganism]]
*[[Northvegr]]
*[[Paganism]]
*[[Germanic paganism]]
*[[Norse mythology]]
*[[Finnish neopaganism]]
*[[Baltic neopaganism]]
*[[Slavic neopaganism]]
== External links ==
* [http://www.echoedvoices.org/Sep2002/Modern_Asatru.html Modern Asatru] by Maude Stephany
* ''An explanatory article on heathenry on the [http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/paganism/subdivisions/heathen.shtml BBC website] written by members of the [http://www.manygods.org.uk/ Association of Polytheist Traditions].''
* [http://northvegr.org/ Northvegr.org] (the [[Northvegr Foundation]], a secular non-profit educational foundation that hosts many texts relevant to Germanic paganism)
*[http://winterscapes.com/uppsala/index.htm Uppsala] by Wayland Skallagrimsson.
** [http://winterscapes.com/uppsala/factions.htm Factions in Asatru] essays on racist currents in Germanic Neopaganism
* [http://www.odinlives.org/ Odin LIVES! Radio]
* [http://home.earthlink.net/~wodensharrow/ Woden's Harrow] (''"Asatru - Norse Mythology - Art - Literature - Runes" by Óðindís'')
* [http://directory.google.com/Top/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Pagan/Asatru/ Google category: Ásatrú]
* ''A critical report on [http://www.splcenter.org/intel/intelreport/article.jsp?aid=236 Odinist groups] from Mattias Gardell, in an interview with the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]]''
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[[Category:Germanic neopaganism]]
[[Category:1924 births|Ip, Chun]]
[[ar:اساترو]]
[[Category:Wing Chun practitioners from Hong Kong|Ip, Ching]]
[[bg:Асатру]]
[[da:Asetro]]
[[de:Asatru]]
[[el:Αζατρού]]
[[es:Ásatrú (religión)]]
[[fr:Asatru]]
[[it:Odinismo]]
[[nl:Ásatrú]]
[[pl:Ásatrú]]
[[ro:Asatru]]
[[fi:Ásatrú]]
[[sv:Asatro]]
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