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'''Kenilworth''' is a village located in [[Cook County, Illinois]], approximately 17 miles north of downtown [[Chicago]]. It is the newest of the eight suburban "[[North Shore]]" communities bordering [[Lake Michigan]], and is the only one developed as a planned community. Department store mogul Joseph [[Sears]] purchased 223.6 acres in one of the last undeveloped areas near Chicago's lakeshore for $150,300 in [[1889]]. Seven years later the population had reached 300 residents, fulfilling the legal requirement for incorporation. As of the [[2000]] census, the village had a total population of 2,494.
[[Image:IranBushehr.png|right|Map showing Bushehr in Iran]]
Kenilworth has a reputation as the wealthiest and most exclusive community in [[Chicagoland]]. In April of 2005, American Demographics magazine named Kenilworth's [[zip code]] (60043) the 11th most affluent in the U.S.
'''Bushehr''' is one of the 30 [[provinces of Iran|provinces]] of [[Iran]]. It is in the south of the country, with a long coastline onto the [[Persian Gulf]]. Its center is [[Bandar-e-Bushehr]], the provincial capital. The province has seven districts: [[Bushehr]], [[Dashti]], [[Daylam]], [[Kangan]], [[Genaveh]], and [[Tangestan]]. In 1996, the province had a population of approximately 744,000 people.
==History Geography ==
Kenilworth is located at 42°5'17" North, 87°42'57" West (42.088128, -87.716009){{GR|1}}.
{{Iran}}[[Image:Gur e Dokhtar.jpg|thumb|right|A tomb from the Achaemenid period near Borazjan, Bushehr province. The structure is clearly reminiscent of [[Pasargadae]].]]
The Greeks knew of Bushehr by [[Mezambria]] during the battles of [[Nearchus]]. A French excavating team however in 1913 determined the origin of Bushehr to date back to the [[Elamite Empire]]. A city there, known as [[Lyan]], contained a temple honoring an Elamite God. Lyan is thought to have been a commercial gateway to The Indian Ocean during the Elamite period.
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of 1.6 [[square kilometer|km²]] (0.6 [[square mile|mi²]]). 1.6 km² (0.6 mi²) of it is land and none of it is covered by water.
The [[Medes]] and [[Achaemenid]]s also built settlements in the area, among which one can name the ''Bardak e Siyah'' fort located 12 kilometers north of [[Borazjan]], the ''Castle of Cyrus'' southwest of [[Borazjan]], ''Tal Mer Castle'', and ''Gur e Dokhtar'', mysteriously shaped like the tomb of Cyrus at [[Pasargadae]].
== Demographics ==
Bushehr remained a significant region during the [[Parthian]] and [[Sassanid]] ages, as ''Bakht e Ardashir'' was reported to have been a large port in the [[Persian Gulf]] during the time of [[Ardashir I of Persia]].
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of [[2000]], there are 2,494 people, 792 households, and 697 families residing in the village. The [[population density]] is 1,604.9/km² (4,190.8/mi²). There are 815 housing units at an average density of 524.5/km² (1,369.5/mi²). The racial makeup of the village is 97.27% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.16% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.04% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 2.25% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.00% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.00% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 0.28% from two or more races. 1.36% of the population are [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race.
There are 792 households out of which 49.9% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 81.7% are [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 5.6% have a female householder with no husband present, and 11.9% are non-families. 10.2% of all households are made up of individuals and 6.4% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.15 and the average family size is 3.39.
The port city, which later became known as ''Riv e Ardashir'' and later ''Rey-shahr'' contained a massive fortification that was designed to protect the compound from naval attacks. Its remains can still be seen today 10 kilometers south of the present city of Bushehr.
In the village the population is spread out with 34.8% under the age of 18, 4.0% from 18 to 24, 19.7% from 25 to 44, 29.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 40 years. For every 100 females there are 90.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 87.3 males.
A key turning point in the history of Bushehr occurred when the armies of [[Islam]] invaded the region in the 7th century. Famous historians such as [[Tabari]] and [[Blaladhuri]] report the city of "Riv e Ardashir" to have fallen to the armies of ''Uthman ibn Abi al-'As'' between the year 19 and 22 after Hijra on the lunar Islamic calendar. Tabari even compares the fall of "Rey-shahr" to the battle of [[Qadisiyah]] in terms of its significance. (Al-Rusul wa al-Muluk). [[Baladhuri]] also verifies this important event and adds that the amount of booty collected after defeating the Persians at Rey-shahr was unprecedented since the battle of Qadisiyah.
The median income for a household in the village is excess of $200,000, as is the median income for a family. Males have a median income of over $100,000 versus $69,375 for females. The per capita income for the village is $100,718. 1.1% of the population and none of the families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, none are under the age of 18 and 1.7% are 65 or older.
With the invasion of the Arab armies of [[Islam]] in the 7th century, the civilization in this region entered an era of decline. No major event of significance is known to have taken place in this region until the arrival of the European colonialists in the 16th century.
== External Linkslinks == ▼The [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]], invaded the city of Bushehr in 1506 and remained there until [[Abbas I of Safavid|Shah Abbas Safavi]] succesfully defeated and liberated the Persian Gulf region of their presence. By 1734, Bushehr had once again risen to prominence due to [[Nadir Shah]] of the [[Afsharid dynasty]], and his military policies in The Persian Gulf.
{{Mapit-US-cityscale|42.088128|-87.716009}}
[[Category:Cook County, Illinois]]
Bushehr was selected by Nadir to be the central base of Nadir's Naval fleet in the Persian Gulf. He thus changed the name of the city to ''Bandar e Nadiriyeh'' (Nadir's Port). He hired an Englishman by the name of [[John Elton]] to help build his fleet. Dutch accounts report his naval fleet to have amounted to 8000-10000 personnel as well as several ship construction installations.
[[Category: ProvincesVillages ofin IranIllinois]] ▼
After Nadir's death, the [[Dutch]] continued to have good commercial relations in Bushehr, until the British made their debut in Bushehr in 1763 by a contract they signed with [[Karim Khan]] of the [[Zand dynasty]]. By then, the city of Bushehr had become Iran's major port city in the [[Persian Gulf]]. By the Qajar era, [[Britain]], [[Norway]], [[Russia]], [[Italy]], [[France]], [[Germany]], and the [[Ottoman]]s had diplomatic and commercial offices there, with Britain steadily gaining a foothold in the area. Close to 100 British ships are reported to have docked at the port city every year during the Qajar era.
[[Image:Behregan-sar.jpg|right|thumb|The Behregan-sar off-shore field, discovered in 1955, northwest of the Bushehr province, is one of numerous oil and gas installations dotting the waters of The Persian Gulf.]]
The British in fact on three occasions landed troops in Bushehr begining in 1856. British troops took control of Bushehr in 1909 following the [[Constitutional Revolution of Iran]], followed by another landing in 1915 when locals rioted against the British occupiers. They were forced to evacuate all troops in 1919 as the revolt against British occupation boiled off nationwide, and they finally closed their diplomatic office there in 1952.
With the arrival of [[Reza Pahlavi]] and the gradual pullout of the British from Bushehr, the area once again lost its prominence.
During the Iran-Iraq war, Bushehr sustained heavy damages. Kharg Island, for example, was attacked 2834 times by [[Saddam Hussein]]'s bombers.
==Bushehr today==
Aside from the revived [[Bushehr|port city of Bushehr]], which is the second main naval port of Iran after [[Bandar Abbas]], Bushehr also has come back recently in the spotlight for three main reasons:
===Kharg Island (Khark Island)===
During the Iran-Iraq war, Iran's major petroleum exporting ports in [[Khuzestan]] sustained damages so severe, that a second port in [[Kharg Island]] was selected to carry on the major responsibility of Iran's petroleum exports. But even Kharg was not immune from Iraqi air raids.
===Bushehr Nuclear Reactor===
[[Image:Bushehr1.JPG|right|thumb|The Bushehr Nuclear Power station.]]
The Bushehr Light water PWR Nuclear Reactor, designed by [[Siemens AG]], built by the Russians, is Iran's first. ''See [[Iran%27s_nuclear_program#The_Bushehr_project|main article here]]''.
===The industrial corridor of [[Assalouyeh]]===
As many as 70,000 foreign engineers and technicians are currently working in this industrial zone 270 kilometers south of the provincial capital. This zone is where the nearby famous ''South Pars Gas field'' is located, where Iran has invested hundreds of millions of dollars in infrastructure. The South Pars Gas field is the world's largest natural gas field.
The Assalouyeh industrial zone is deemed so lucrative that even [[American]] companies such as [[American Allied International Corp]] and Haliburton have bypassed American sanctions to become somehow involved in the zone.[http://www.aaic.cc/assalouyeh.php]
==Colleges and Universities==
* [http://www.bpums.com/ Bushehr University of Medical Sciences]
* [http://www.persiangulfu.ac.ir/ Persian Gulf University]
* [http://www.iaubushehr.ac.ir/ Islamic Azad University of Bushehr]
* Islamic Azad University of Khark
* Iran Nuclear Energy College
==Some attractions of Bushehr==
Despite its unique potentials, Bushehr remains to be developed for absorbing tourists and seriously lacks the necessary investment for tourism. The city of Bushehr has 3 star hotels, an airport, and modern amenities. The Cultural heritage Organization of Iran lists up to 45 sites of historical and cultural significance in the province. Some are listed below:
[[Image:Emamzadeh-Mir-Mohammad.jpg|thumb|right|The tomb of Imamzadeh Mohammad ibn Hanifah in Bushehr province belongs to the 14th century.]]
*Qal'eh Holandiha (The Dutch Castle)
*Mabad [[Poseidon]], (Poseidon's temple)
*Gurestan Bastani (the ancient cemetry)
*Imamzadeh Mir Mohammed Hanifeh
*Aramgah (tomb of) Haj Mohammed Ibrahim Esfahani
*The Old Church of Kharg Island
*Qavam water reservoir
*Qazi House
*Maqbareh (tomb of) the English General
*Shaykh Sadoon Mosque
*The Holy Crist Church
*House of Raies Ali Delvari
*House of Malik
*The ancient site of Ray-Shahr which is located 8 km south of Bushehr.
*Tomb of Abdul mohaymrn
*House Darya Baygui
*House of Dehdashti
*[http://www.bushehrmiras.ir/ Bushehr Cultural Heritage Organization]
*[http://www.nioc-otc.com/ Iran Oil Terminals Company]
*[http://www.petrochem-ir.net/ Iran Petrochemical Commercial Company]
*[http://www.pseez.com/HOMEFLASH.HTM Pars Special Economic Energy Zone]
*[http://www.nigc.org/ National Iranian Gas Company]
*[http://www.nipc.net/ National Petrochemical Company of Iran]
*[http://www.bushehr.medu.ir/ Bushehr Province Department of Education] (in Persian)
{{Provinces of Iran}}
▲[[Category:Provinces of Iran]]
[[de:Buschehr (Provinz)]]
[[es:Provincia de Bushehr (Irán)]]
[[fa:استان بوشهر]]
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