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#REDIRECT [[List of metaphor-based metaheuristics#Flower pollination]]
Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is a metaheuristic algorithm for optimization and this [[algorithm]] was developed by Xin-She Yang<ref>Xin-She Yang, Flower pollination algorithm for global optimization, Unconventional Computation and Natural Computation, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 7445, pp. 240-249 (2012).</ref>, based on the [[pollination]] process of flowering [[plants]]. FPA has been applied to solve practical problems in engineering <ref>X. S. Yang, M. Karamanoglu, X. S. He, Flower pollination algorithm: A novel approach for multiobjective optimization, Engineering Optimization, Vol. 46, No. 9, 1222-1237 (2014).</ref>, solar PV parameter estimation<ref>D. F. Alam, D. A. Yousri, M. B. Eteiba, Flower pollination algorithm based solar PV parameter estimation, Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 101, pp. 410-422 (2015)</ref>, and fuzzy selection for dynamic economic dispatch.<ref>H. M. Dubey, M. Pandit, B.K. Panigraphi, Hybrid flower pollination algorithm with time-varying fuzzy selection mechanism for wind integrated multi-objective dynamic economic dispatch, Renewable Energy, Vol. 83, pp. 188-202 (2015).</ref>
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== Main Characteristics ==
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This algorithm has 4 rules or assumptions:
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1. Biotic and cross-pollination is considered as global pollination process with
pollen carrying pollinators performing Levy flights.
2. Abiotic and self-pollination are considered as local pollination.
3. Flower constancy can be considered as the reproduction probability is proportional
to the similarity of two flowers involved.
4. Local pollination and global pollination is controlled by a switch probability <math>p \in [0, 1]</math>.
Due to the physical proximity and other factors such as wind, local pollination can
have a significant fraction p in the overall pollination activities.
A matlab demo program is available for function optimization<ref>X. S. Yang,http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/45112-flower-pollination-algorithm</ref>
== References ==
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