Talk:Neuro-linguistic programming/revise-intro: Difference between revisions

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According to certain neuroscientists,<ref name="Corballis 1999" /> psychologists<ref name="Drenth Promethius chained">{{cite journal | title=Prometheus chained: Social and ethical constraints on psychology. | author=Drenth P J D: | journal=European Psychologist | year=1999 | volume=4 | issue=4 | pages=233–239}}</ref><ref name="Witkowski 2010" /> and linguists<ref name="Stollznow" /><ref name="Lum 2001" />, NLP is unsupported by current scientific evidence, and uses incorrect and misleading terms and concepts.

Criticisms go beyond the lack of empirical evidence for effectiveness; critics say that NLP exhibits pseudoscientific characteristics,<ref name="Devilly 2005"/> title,<ref name="Corballis 1999">Corballis, MC., "Are we in our right minds?" In Sala, S., (ed.) (1999), ''Mind Myths: Exploring Popular Assumptions About the Mind and Brain'' Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons. {{ISBN |0-471-98303-9}} (pp. 25–41) see page p.41</ref> concepts and terminology.<ref name="Stollznow">{{cite journal | title=Not-so Linguistic Programming | author=Stollznow.K | journal=Skeptic | year=2010 | volume=15 | issue=4 | pages=7}}</ref> NLP is used as an example of pseudoscience for facilitating the teaching of scientific literacy at the professional and university level.<ref name="Lum 2001">{{cite book | title=Scientific Thinking in Speech and Language Therapy | publisher=Psychology Press | author=Lum.C | year=2001 | pages=16 | isbn=080584029X}}</ref><ref name="Lilienfeld et al 2001">{{cite journal | title=The Teaching of Courses in the Science and Pseudoscience of Psychology: Useful Resources | author=Lilienfeld.S, Mohr.J., Morier.D.. | journal=Teaching of Psychology | year=2001 | volume=28 | issue=3 | pages=182–191}}</ref><ref name="Dunn et al 2008">{{cite book | publisher=Wiley-Blackwell | author=Dunn.D., Halonen.J,Smith.R., | year=2008 | pages=12 | isbn=978-1-4051-7402-2}}</ref>

<!-- Origins with modeling [[Milton Erickson]], [[Virginia Satir]], [[Fritz Perls]]-->

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<!--Summary criticism from academic researchers: summary research including experimental studies-->

The research into NLP is thin and spread across multiple fields. Reviews of empirical research on NLP showed that NLP contains numerous factual errors,<ref name="Von Bergen 1997">{{cite journal | author = Bergen Von ''et al.'' | year = 1997 | title = Selected alternative training techniques in HRD | url = | journal = Human Resource Development Quarterly | volume = 8 | issue = | pages = 281–294 | doi = 10.1002/hrdq.3920080403 }}</ref><ref name="Druckman 2004">Druckman, Daniel (2004) "Be All That You Can Be: Enhancing Human Performance" ''Journal of Applied Social Psychology'', Volume 34, Number 11, November 2004, pp. 2234–2260(27) {{doi|doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb01975.x}}</ref> and failed to produce reliable results for the claims for effectiveness made by NLP’s originators and proponents.<ref name="Sharpley 1987">{{Cite journal|author=Sharpley C.F. |title=Research Findings on Neuro-linguistic Programming: Non supportive Data or an Untestable Theory |journal=Journal of Counseling Psychology |year=1987 |volume=34 |pages=103–107, 105 |url=http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ352101 |doi=10.1037/0022-0167.34.1.103 |issue=1}}</ref><ref name="Witkowski 2010">{{cite journal | title=Thirty-Five Years of Research on Neuro-Linguistic Programming. NLP Research Data Base. State of the Art or Pseudoscientific Decoration? | author=Witkowski | journal=Polish Psychological Bulletin | year=2010 | volume=41 | issue=2 | pages=58–66}}</ref> According to Devilly,<ref name="Devilly 2005">{{cite journal | author = Devilly GJ | year = 2005 | title = Power therapies and possible threats to the science of psychology and psychiatry | url = http://www.devilly.org/Publications/Power_Therapies_-_Published.pdf | journal = Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 39 | issue = | pages = 437–45 | doi = 10.1111/j.1440-1614.2005.01601.x | pmid = 15943644 }}</ref>

<!--Summarise uptake in professional areas: where it is popular/applied-->

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NLP is recognized as an intervention by the [[United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy]]<ref>{{Cite web|author=UKCP |url= http://www.psychotherapy.org.uk/experiential_constuctivist.html |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080612155128/http://www.psychotherapy.org.uk/experiential_constuctivist.html |archivedate=2008-06-12 |title=United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy – List of Recognized Experimental Constructivist forms of therapies |publisher=Psychotherapy.org.uk |accessdate=2009-08-19}}</ref> with accreditation governed at first by the [[Association for Neuro Linguistic Programming]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cleanlanguage.co.uk/validation.html |title=The road to recognition: NLP in Psychotherapy and Counselling |accessdate=29 January 2010}}</ref> and more recently by its daughter organization the [[Neuro Linguistic Psychotherapy and Counselling Association]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.psychotherapy.org.uk/iqs/dbitemid.84/sfa.view/cs1.html |title=Neuro Linguistic Psychotherapy Counselling Association NLPtCA |accessdate=29 January 2010}}</ref>

NLP also appears on peer reviewed expert-consensus based lists of discredited interventions.<ref name="Witkowski 2010"/> In research designed to identify the “quack factor” in modern mental health practice, Norcross ''et al.'' (2006) <ref name="Norcross et al 2006">Norcross et. al. (2006) Discredited Psychological Treatments and Tests: A Delphi Poll. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, American Psychological Association. {{doi|10.1037/0735-7028.37.5.515}}</ref> list NLP as possibly or probably discredited, and Glasner-Edwards and Rawson (2010) list NLP as “certainly discredited”.<ref name="Glasner-Edwards et al 2010">{{cite journal | title=Evidence-based practices in addiction treatment: review and recommendations for public policy | author=Glasner-Edwards.S.,Rawson.R. | journal=Health Policy | yeardate=2010June | month=June2010 | volume=97 | issue=2-3 | pages=93–104}}</ref>