|
This is a list of [[planned city|planned cities]] (sometimes known as [[planned community|planned communities]] or [[new town]]s) by country. Additions to this list should be cities whose overall form (as opposed to individual neighborhoods or expansions) has been determined in large part in advance on a drawing board, or which were planned to a degree which is unusual for their time and place.
{{redirect|Miami}}
{{Infobox City Florida|
cityview_image = MiamiSL.jpg |
cityview_caption = Miami downtown |
county_CAPS = MIAMI-DADE |
official_name = City of Miami |
city_name = Miami |
city_nickname = [[Magic City|The Magic City]], The American Riviera, The Sixth Borough, M.I.A |
image_flag = Miami Florida city flag.svg |
image_seal = Miamiseal.JPG |
date_founded = 1896|
location_map = Map of Florida highlighting Miami.png |
county_name = Miami-Dade |
city_government_style = [[Mayor-council government|Mayor-Council]] |
city_governor_title = [[Mayor]] |
city_leader = [[Manny Diaz|Manuel "Manny" Diaz]] [[Independent (politician)|(I)]] |
total_area_mi2 = 55.27 | total_area_km2 = 143.15 |
total_water_mi2 = 19.59 | total_water_km2 = 50.73 | percent_water = 35.44 |
population_year = 2005 | population = 382,894 | population_density_mi = 10,734.34 | metro_area = 5,422,200 |
latitude_deg = 25°47' | longitude_deg = 80°13' |
official_website_url = http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/ |
eastern_tz = true |
}}
'''Miami''' is a major [[city]] in the southeastern corner of [[Florida]], in the [[United States]]. Miami and the surrounding [[metropolitan area]] are situated on northern [[Biscayne Bay]] between the [[Everglades]] and the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. By population, Miami is the second-largest city in Florida (after [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]]), and the [[county seat]] and largest city of [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]]. It is also the largest city in the [[South Florida metropolitan area]], which comprises Miami-Dade County, [[Broward County, Florida|Broward County]], and [[Palm Beach County, Florida|Palm Beach County]], making up the largest metropolitan area in the [[Southeastern United States|Southeastern]] United States and the sixth largest in the country as a whole.
== [[Argentina]] ==
Miami was officially incorporated as a city on [[July 28]] [[1896]], with a voting population of just over 300. In 1940, 172,172 people lived in the city. According to the [[United States 2000 Census|2000 census]], the city proper had a population of 362,470, while the larger metropolitan area had a population over 5,000,000. The [[U.S. Census Bureau]] estimate of the population of Miami in 2004 was 379,724<ref>[http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2004-04-12.xls Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places in Florida, Listed Alphabetically: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2004]</ref>.
*[[La Plata]]
== [[Australia]]==
Miami's explosive population growth in recent years has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country as well as by [[Immigration to the United States|immigration]]. Greater Miami is regarded as a cultural [[melting pot]], heavily influenced both by its very large population of ethnic [[Latin America]]ns and [[Caribbean]] islanders (many of them [[Spanish language|Spanish]]- or [[Haitian Creole language|Haitian Creole]]-speaking).
* [[Adelaide]] - [[South Australia]]
* [[Canberra]] - [[Australian Capital Territory]], designed by [[Walter Burley Griffin]].
* [[Churchill, Victoria|Churchill]] - [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
* [[Eaglemont, Victoria|Eaglemont]] - [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], designed by Walter Burley Griffin.
* [[Griffith, New South Wales|Griffith]] - [[New South Wales]], designed by Walter Burley Griffin.
The region's importance as an international financial and cultural center has elevated Miami to the status of [[world city]]; because of its cultural and linguistic ties to [[North America|North]], [[South America|South]], and [[Central America]], and the [[Caribbean]] it is sometimes called "The Gateway of [[the Americas]]." Florida's former status as a colony of [[Spain]], and its continued ties with that country (Spain has a consulate in this city) and her colonies also make Miami and the surrounding region a contemporary part of the [[Hispanic|Hispanic world]].
* [[Inala]] - [[Queensland]]
* [[Monarto, South Australia|Monarto]] - [[South Australia]] (project abandoned in 1980)
* [[Yallourn, Victoria|Yallourn]] - [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
== [[Austria]]==
Practically all major foreign countries today maintain consulates in Miami. The city has been involved in numerous political controversies with nearby [[Cuba]] and [[Fidel Castro]], plus wider concerns with [[terrorism]], [[immigration]], and [[drug issues]] throughout the region.
* [[St. Pölten]] [http://www.st-poelten.gv.at/]
==History [[Belarus]]==
* [[Novopolotsk]] (plan developed in 1958) [http://www.2goroda.by/main.aspx?form=content&file=472]
{{main|History of Miami, Florida}}
* [[Soligorsk]] (construction began in 1958)
The earliest evidence of Native American settlement in the Miami region came from about 12,000 years ago.<ref>Parks, Arva Moore. ''Miami: The Magic City.'' Miami, Fl: Centennial Press, 1991. ISBN 0962940224 p 12.</ref> The first inhabitants settled on the banks of the [[Miami River (Florida)|Miami River]], with the main villages on the northern banks.
== [[Belgium]]==
The inhabitants at the time of first [[European]] contact were the [[Tequesta]] people, who controlled much of southeastern Florida, including what is now [[Miami-Dade County]], [[Broward County]], and the southern parts of [[Palm Beach County]]. The Tequesta Indians fished, hunted, and gathered the fruit and roots of plants for food, but did not practice any form of agriculture. They buried the small bones of the deceased with the rest of the body, and put the larger bones in a box for the village people to see. The Tequesta are credited with making the [[Miami Circle]].
* [[Louvain-la-Neuve]]
== [[Belize]]==
[[Juan Ponce de León]] was the first European to visit the area in 1513 by sailing into [[Biscayne Bay]]. His journal records that he reached ''Chequescha'', which was Miami's first recorded name.<ref>Parks, p 13</ref> It is unknown whether he came ashore or made contact with the Indians.<!--But note that ''Chequesta'' is a variant of ''Tequesta''.--> [[Pedro Menéndez de Avilés]] and his men made the first recorded landing when they visited the [[Tequesta]] settlement in 1566 while looking for Avilés' missing son, shipwrecked a year earlier.<ref>Parks, p 14</ref> Spanish soldiers led by Father Francisco Villiareal built a Jesuit mission at the mouth of the Miami River a year later but it was short-lived. After the Spaniards left, the Tequesta Indians were left to fend themselves from European-introduced diseases like [[smallpox]]. By 1711, the Tequesta sent a couple of local chiefs to [[Havana, Cuba]] to ask if they could migrate there. The Cubans sent two ships to help them, but Spanish illnesses struck and most of the Indians died.<ref>Parks, p 14-16</ref>
* [[Belmopan]]
==[[Brazil]]==
The first permanent European settlers arrived in the early 1800s. People came from the [[Bahamas]] to South Florida and the [[Florida Keys|Keys]] to hunt for treasure from the ships that ran aground on the treacherous [[Great Florida reef]]. Some accepted Spanish land offers along the [[Miami River]]. At about the same time, the [[Seminole]] Indians arrived, along with a group of runaway slaves. The area was affected by the [[Seminole Wars|Second Seminole War]], during which Major [[William S. Harney]] led several raids against the Indians. Most non-Indian residents were soldiers stationed at [[Fort Dallas]]. It was the most devastating Indian war in American history, causing almost a total loss of population in the Miami area.
* [[Aracaju]]
* [[Belmonte (SC)|Belmonte]], [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]]
* [[Belo Horizonte]] (inaugurated in [[1897]])
* [[Boa Vista]]
* [[Brasília]]
* [[Canarana]]
* [[Curitiba]]
* [[Erechim]]
* [[Goiânia]]
* [[Governador Valadares]]
* [[Ilha Solteira]]
* [[Londrina]]
* [[Maringá]]
* [[Palmas, Tocantins|Palmas]]
* [[Rio de Contas]] [http://72.14.203.104/search?q=cache:N2S6rA9u3y8J:www.ufogenesis.com.br/ufoturismo/chapada_diamantina.htm+%22%C3%A9+uma+cidade+planejada%22&hl=pt-BR&gl=br&ct=clnk&cd=10&client=firefox-a]
* [[Sinop]]
* [[Sorriso]]
* [[Teresina]]
==[[Canada]]==
After the Second Seminole War ended in 1842, Fitzpatrick’s nephew, [[William English]], re-established the plantation in Miami. He charted the “Village of Miami” on the south bank of the Miami River and sold several plots of land. In 1844, Miami became the county seat, and six years later a census reported that there were ninety-six residents living in the area.<ref>[http://www.miamidade.gov/info/history.asp History of Miami-Dade county] retrieved January 26, 2006</ref> The [[Third Seminole War]] (1855-1858) was not as destructive as the second one. Even so, it slowed down the settlement of southeast Florida. At the end of the war, a few of the soldiers stayed.
*[[Batawa, Ontario]]
[[Image:JaneTuttle.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Julia Tuttle owned 640 acres in the Miami area at the end of the 19th century]]
*[[Bramalea, Ontario]], now a part of [[Brampton, Ontario]]
In 1891, a wealthy [[Cleveland, Ohio]] woman named [[Julia Tuttle]] purchased an enormous citrus plantation in the Miami area, augmenting a smaller plot of land she inherited from her father to make a total of 640 acres. Tuttle’s husband, Frederick Tuttle, died in 1886, and she decided to move to South Florida due to the “delicate health” of her children. She and [[William Brickell]] tried to get railroad magnate [[Henry Flagler]] to expand his rail line, the [[Florida East Coast Railroad]], southward to the area, but he initially declined.
*[[Broughton]] Nova Scotia (failed)
*[[Corner Brook]]
*[[Deep River, Ontario]]
*[[Don Mills, Ontario]], now a part of [[Toronto]]
*[[Erin Mills, Ontario]]
*[[Grand Falls-Windsor]]
*[[Mount Royal, Quebec]]
*[[New Westminster, British Columbia]], designed by [[Richard Clements Moody]] of the [[Royal Engineers]] to be the capital of the [[Colony of British Columbia]].
*[[Oromocto]]
*[[Pinawa, Manitoba]]
*[[Thompson, Manitoba]]
*[[Townsend, Ontario]] (failed)
==[[China, People's Republic of]]==
However, in the winter of 1894, Florida was struck by bad weather that destroyed virtually the entire [[citrus]] crop in the northern half of the state. A few months later on the night of [[February 7]], [[1895]], Florida was hit by another freeze. That freeze wiped out whatever crops survived the first one, and the new trees. Unlike the rest of the state, Miami was unaffected, and Tuttle's citrus became the only citrus on the market that year. Tuttle wrote to Flagler again, persuading him to visit the area and to see it for himself. Flagler did so, and concluded at the end of his first day that the area was ripe for expansion. He made the decision to extend his railroad to Miami and build a resort hotel.
===[[Mainland China]]===
*[[Xi'an]]
===[[Hong Kong]]===
*[[Tsuen Wan New Town|Tsuen Wan]]
*[[Sha Tin New Town|Sha Tin]]
*[[Tuen Mun New Town|Tuen Mun]]
*[[Tai Po New Town|Tai Po]]
*[[Fanling-Sheung Shui New Town|Fanling - Sheung Shui]]
*[[Yuen Long New Town|Yuen Long]]
*[[Tseung Kwan O New Town|Tseung Kwan O]]
*[[Tin Shui Wai New Town|Tin Shui Wai]]
*[[North Lantau New Town|North Lantau (Tung Chung - Tai Ho)]]
*[[North East New Territories New Development Area]]
*[[North West New Territories New Development Area]]
==[[Côte d'Ivoire]]==
[[Image:MiamiAvenue1896.jpg|thumb|250px|Miami Avenue in 1896]]
* [[Yamoussoukro]]
On [[April 7]], [[1896]] the railroad tracks finally reached Miami, and the first train arrived on [[April 13]]. It was a special, unscheduled train, and Flagler was on board. The train returned to [[St. Augustine, Florida|St. Augustine]] later that night. The first regularly scheduled train arrived on the night of [[April 15]].
On [[July 28]], [[1896]], the incorporation meeting to make Miami a city took place. The right to vote was restricted to all men who resided in Miami or Dade County. After ensuring that the required number of voters was present, the motion was made to incorporate and organize a city government under the corporate name of “The City of Miami,” with the boundaries as proposed. and the city was incorporated with 444 citizens.
==[[Czech Republic]]==
Miami's growth up to [[World War II]] was astronomical. In 1900, 1,681 people lived in Miami, Florida; in 1910, 5,471; in 1920, 29,571; in 1930, 110,637. As thousands of people moved to the area in the early 1900s, the need for more land quickly became apparent. Up until then, the [[Florida Everglades]] extended eastward to as close as three miles from Biscayne Bay. Beginning in 1906, [[canal]]s were made to remove some of the water from those lands. During the early 1920s, the authorities of Miami allowed [[gambling]] and were very lax in regulating [[Prohibition]], so thousands of people migrated from the northern United States to the Miami region. The catastrophic [[Great Miami Hurricane]] in 1926 caused 373 fatalities and ended a large building boom. Between 25,000 and 50,000 people were left homeless in the Miami area. <ref>[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/miami/peopleevents/pande07.html Great Miami Hurricane] retrieved January 27, 2006</ref> The [[Great Depression]] followed, in which more than sixteen thousand people in Miami became unemployed.<ref>Parks, p 131-132</ref>
*[[Zlín]]
==[[Denmark]]==
On [[February 15]], [[1933]], an assassination attempt was made on President-elect [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]] by [[Giuseppe Zangara]], an Italian [[anarchist]], while Roosevelt was giving a speech in Miami's [[Bayfront Park]]. Mayor [[Anton Cermak]] of [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]], who was shaking hands with Roosevelt, was shot and died two weeks later. Four other people were wounded, but President-elect Roosevelt was not harmed. <ref>[http://digital.library.miami.edu/gov/FDRAssn.html Miami archives] retrieved January 21, 2006</ref>
* [[Ørestad]]
==[[Finland]]==
By the early 1940s Miami was recovering from the Great Depression, but then [[World War II]] started. Many of the cities in Florida were heavily affected by the war and went into financial ruin, but Miami remained relatively unaffected. Over five hundred thousand enlisted men and fifty thousand officers trained in South Florida.<ref>[http://www.historical-museum.org/history/southfla.htm Quick history of South Florida] retrieved January 28, 2006</ref> After the end of the war, many servicemen and women returned to Miami, pushing the population up to almost a quarter million by 1950.
* [[Tapiola]], [[Espoo]] [http://www.espoo.fi]
* [[Rovaniemi]] [http://www.rovaniemi.fi]
==[[France]]==
Following the [[Cuban Revolution|1959 revolution]] that unseated [[Fulgencio Batista]] and brought [[Fidel Castro]] to power, most Cubans who were living in Miami went back to [[Cuba]]. That soon changed, and many middle class and upper class Cubans moved to Florida en masse with little possessions after Castro began to curtail legal rights. Miami generally welcomed the Cuban "exiles".<ref>Parks, p 153-155</ref> In 1965 alone, 100,000 Cubans packed into the twice-daily "freedom flights" from [[Havana, Cuba]] to Miami. By the end of the 1960s, more than four hundred thousand Cuban refugees were living in [[Miami-Dade County]].
*Near [[Paris]]:
Although Miami was not really considered a major center of the [[American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968)|Civil Rights movement]] of the 1950s and 1960s, it did not escape the change that occurred. Miami was a major city in the southern state of Florida, and had always had a substantial [[African-American]] and [[Caribbean]] population.
**[[Cergy-Pontoise]], [http://www.ville-cergy.fr/]
**[[Marne-la-Vallée]], [http://www.san-valmaubuee.fr]
**[[Sénart]], [http://www.san-senart.fr]
**[[Evry]],[http://www.sanevry.fr]
** [[Saint-Quentin en Yvelines]] [http://www.san-sqy.fr]
*Near [[Lille]]: [[Villeneuve d'Ascq]]
*Near [[Lyon]]: [[Isle d'Abeau]]
*Near [[Marseille]]: [[Rives de l'Etang de Berre]]
*Near [[Rouen]]: [[Val de Reuil]]
* [[Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans]]
In December 1979, police officers pursued motorcyclist [[Arthur McDuffie]] in a high-speed chase after McDuffie made a provocative gesture towards a police officer. The officers claimed that the chase ended when McDuffie crashed his [[motorcycle]] and died. The coroner's report concluded otherwise. One of the officers testified that McDuffie fell off of his bike on an [[Interstate 95]] on-ramp. When the police reached him he was injured but okay. The officers proceeded to remove his helmet, beat him to death with their batons, put his helmet back on, and called an ambulance claiming there had been a motorcycle accident. An all-white jury acquitted the officers after a brief deliberation.
* [[Fos]] [http://www.san-vnf.fr]
* [[Neuf-Brisach]]
* [[Versailles]]
==[[Germany]]==
After learning of the verdict of the McDuffie case, one of the worst riots in the history of the United States, the infamous [[Liberty City Riots]], broke out. By the time the rioting ceased three days later, over 850 people had been arrested, and at least eight white people and ten African Americans had died in the riots. Property damage was estimated around one hundred million dollars.<ref>[http://www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/4069371.htm "Reliving the nightmare of the McDuffie riots"] ''Miami Herald, dtd September 15, 2002, retrieved January 28, 2006</ref>
*[[Bremerhaven]]
[[Image:Mariel_Refugees.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Cuban refugees arriving in crowded boats during the Mariel Boatlift crisis.]]
*[[Eisenhüttenstadt]]
Later, the [[Mariel Boatlift]] of 1980 brought 150,000 Cubans to Miami, the largest in civilian history. Unlike the previous exodus of the 1960s, most of the Cuban refugees arriving were poor. Castro used the boatlift as a way of purging his country of criminals and of the mentally ill. During this time, many of the middle class non-Hispanic whites in the community left the city, often referred to as "[[white flight]]." In 1960, Miami was 90% non-Hispanic white;{{citation needed}} by 1990 it was less than 12% non-Hispanic white.<ref>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTTable?_bm=y&-qr_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_DP1&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-_lang=en&-geo_id=16000US1245000 "DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000" for Miami, Florida.] [[United States Census Bureau]], 2000. Retrieved July 13, 2006.</ref>
*[[Freudenstadt]]
In the 1980s, Miami started to see an increase in immigrants from other nations such as Haiti. As the Haitian population grew, the area known today as [[Little Haiti]] emerged, centered around Northeast Second Avenue and 54th Street. In the 1990s, the presence of Haitians was acknowledged with [[Haitian Creole language]] signs in public places and ballots during voting.
*[[Glückstadt]]
*[[Karlsruhe]]
*[[Ludwigslust]]
*[[Mannheim]]
*[[Putbus]]
*[[Salzgitter]]
*[[Wilhelmshaven]]
*[[Wolfsburg]]
==[[Hungary]]==
Another major Cuban exodus occurred in 1994. To prevent it from becoming another Mariel Boatlift, the Clinton Administration announced a significant change in U.S. policy. In a controversial action, the administration announced that Cubans interdicted at sea would not be brought to the United States but instead would be taken by the Coast Guard to U.S. military installations at [[Guantanamo Bay Naval Base|Guantanamo Bay]] or to Panama. During an eight-month period beginning in the summer of 1994, over 30,000 Cubans and more than 20,000 Haitians were interdicted and sent to live in camps outside the United States.
* [[Dunaújváros]] [http://www.dunaujvaros.hu]
[[Image:Destruction_following_hurricane_andrew.jpg|200px|thumb|right|The aftermath of Hurricane Andrew in the Miami area]]
* [[Eger]] [http://www.eger.hu]
[[Hurricane Andrew]] caused more than $45 billion in damage just south of the Miami-Dade area in 1992.<ref>[http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/assessments/pdfs/andrew.pdf Hurricane Andrew: South Florida and Louisiana] (pdf), by the [[National Disaster Survey Report]], retrieved February 1, 2006.</ref> The [[Elián González]] uproar was a heated custody and immigration battle in the Miami area in 2000. The contoversy concerned six-year-old Elián González, who was rescued from the waters off the coast of Miami. The [[Federal government of the United States|U.S.]] and the [[Government of Cuba|Cuban governments]], his father Juan Miguel González, his Miami relatives, and the Cuban-American community of Miami were involved. The climactic stage of this prolonged battle was the April 22, 2000 seizure of Elián by federal agents, which drew the criticism of many in the Cuban-American community.
* [[Kazincbarcika]] [http://www.kazincbarcika.hu]
* [[Nagykanizsa]] [http://www.nagykanizsa.hu]
* [[Oroszlány]] [http://www.oroszlany.hu]
* [[Salgótarján]] [http://www.salgotarjan.hu]
* [[Sopron]] [http://www.sopron.hu]
* [[Tatabánya]] [http://www.tatabanya.hu]
* [[Tiszaújváros]] [http://www.tiszaujvaros.hu]
* [[Zalaegerszeg]] [http://www.zalaegerszeg.hu]
==[[India]]==
The controversial [[Free Trade Area of the Americas]] negotiations occurred in 2003. It was a proposed agreement to reduce trade barriers while increasing intellectual property rights. During the 2003 meeting in Miami, the Free Trade Area of the Americas was met by heavy opposition from anti-corporatization and anti-globalization protests.
*[[Chandigarh]]
*[[Dispur]]
*[[Gandhinagar]]
*[[Navi Mumbai]] (New Mumbai) a satellite city of Mumbai
*[[K.K.Nagar]] (a suburb in [[Chennai]] (Madras))
*[[New Delhi]]
*[[Noida]]
*[[Panchkula]]
==[[Indus Valley civilization]]==
On July 27, 2005, the popular ex-city commissioner [[Arthur Teele]] walked into the main lobby of the ''[[Miami Herald]]'' headquarters, dropped off a package for columnist [[Jim DeFede]], and told the security guard to tell his wife Stephanie he "loved her" before pulling out a gun and committing [[suicide]].<ref>[http://www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/12261057.htm "With suicide, Teele tried to take control"] ''Miami Herald'', dtd July 30, 2005, retrieved January 28, 2006</ref>
* [[Harappa]]
*[[Mohenjo-daro]]
==[[Iran]]==
[[Image:MiamiSkyline2.jpg|750px|center|thumb|<center>The modern Miami skyline as seen from the Rickenbacker Causeway</center>]]
*[[Alavi (city)|Alavi]]
*[[Aali shahr]]
*[[Andisheh (city)|Andisheh]]
*[[Baharestan (city)|Baharestan]]
*[[Binalud (city)|Binalud]]
*[[Golbahar]]
*[[Hashtgerd]]
*[[Isfahan (city)|Isfahan]]
*[[Latian (city)|Latian]]
*[[Majlesi (city)|Majlesi]]
*[[Mohajeran]]
*[[Parand]]
*[[Pardis (city)|Pardis]]
*[[Poulad-shahr]]
*[[Ramin (city)|Ramin]]
*[[Ramshar]]
*[[Sadra (city)|Sadra]]
*[[Sahand (city)|Sahand]]
*[[Shirin Shahr]]
*[[Tis (city)|Tis]]
==[[Ireland]]==
==Geography and climate==
* [[Adamstown]]
===Geography===
* [[Blanchardstown]]
[[Image:Miami-downtown-from-intercontinental-hotel.jpg|thumb|300px|Downtown Miami as seen from the Intercontinental Hotel]]
* [[Shannon Town]] ([[County Clare|Clare]]) [http://www.clare.ie/]
The City of Miami and its suburbs are located on a broad plain between the [[Florida Everglades]] and [[Biscayne Bay]] that also extends from [[Florida Bay]] north to [[Lake Okeechobee]]. The elevation of the area never rises above 15ft (4.5 m) and averages at around 3ft (0.91 m) above sea level in most neighborhoods, especially near the coast. The main portion of the city lies on the shores of Biscayne Bay which contains several hundred natural and artificially created [[barrier island]]s, the largest of which contains the city of [[Miami Beach, Florida|Miami Beach]] and its famous [[South Beach]] district. The [[Gulf Stream]], a warm [[ocean current]], runs northward just 15 miles (24.1 km) off the coast, allowing the city's climate to stay warm and mild all year.
==[[Israel]] (Development Towns)==
The surface bedrock under the Miami area is called ''Miami [[oolite]]'' or ''Miami [[limestone]]''. This bedrock is covered by a thin layer of soil, and is no more than 15 m (50 feet) thick. Miami limestone formed as the result of the drastic changes in sea level associated with recent [[glaciation]]s or ''[[ice age]]s''. Beginning some 130,000 years ago the [[Eemian interglacial|Sangamon interglacial]] raised sea levels to approximately 25 feet (7.5 m.) above the current level. All of southern Florida was covered by a shallow sea. Several parallel lines of reef formed along the edge of the submerged Florida [[plateau]], stretching from the present Miami area to what is now the [[Dry Tortugas]]. The area behind this reef line was in effect a large lagoon, and the Miami limestone formed throughout the area from the deposition of [[oolite]]s and the shells of [[bryozoans]]. Starting about 100,000 years ago the [[Wisconsin glaciation]] began lowering sea levels, exposing the floor of the lagoon. By 15,000 years ago the sea level had dropped to 300 to 350 feet below the contemporary level. The sea level rose quickly after that, stabilizing at the current level about 4000 years ago, leaving the [[mainland]] of South Florida just above sea level.
* [[Afula]]
* [[Akko]]
* [[Arad]]
* [[Ashdod]]
* [[Ashkelon]]
* [[Beer Sheva]]
* [[Bet Shean]]
* [[Bet Shemesh]]
* [[Dimona]]
* [[Elat]]
* [[Hazor HaGelilit]]
* [[Karmiel]]
* [[Malot Tarshiha]]
* [[Mizpe Ramon]]
* [[Nahariya]]
* [[Nazareth 'Illit|Upper Nazareth]]
* [[Netivot]]
* [[Ofaqim]]
* [[Or Aqiva]]
* [[Qiryat Gat]]
* [[Qiryat Malakhi]]
* [[Qiryat Shemona]]
* [[Sderot]]
* [[Tiberias]]
* [[Yeruham]]
* [[Zefat]]
''see also: [[Israeli settlement]]''
Beneath the plain lies the [[Aquifer|Biscayne Aquifer]]<ref>[http://capp.water.usgs.gov/gwa/ch_g/G-text4.html USGS GROUND WATER ATLAS of the UNITED STATES], retrieved [[February 19]] [[2006]]</ref>, a natural underground river that extends from southern [[Palm Beach County]] to [[Florida Bay]], with its highest point peaking around the cities of [[Miami Springs, Florida|Miami Springs]] and [[Hialeah, Florida|Hialeah]]. Most of the [[South Florida metropolitan area]] obtains its drinking water from this aquifer. As a result of the aquifer, it is not possible to dig more than 15 to 20ft (4.57 to 6.1 m) beneath the city without hitting water, impeding underground construction.
==[[Italy]]==
Most of the western fringes of the city extend into the Everglades, a [[subtropical]] [[marshland]] located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of [[Florida]]. This causes occasional problems with local wildlife such as [[American Alligator|alligators]] and [[American Crocodile|crocodiles]] venturing onto suburban communities and major highways.
===[[Friuli Venezia Giulia]]===
In terms of land area, the city of Miami is one of the smallest major cities in the United States. According to the [[United States Census Bureau|US Census Bureau]], the city encompasses a total area of 55.27 [[square mile|mi²]] (143.15 [[square kilometre|km²]]). Of that area, 35.67 sq. miles (92.68 km²) are land and 19.59 sq. miles (50.73 km²) are water. Miami is slightly smaller in land area than San Francisco and Boston.
* [[Torviscosa]]
* [[Borgo Brunner]]
* [[Punta Sdobba]]
* [[Fossalon]]
===[[Veneto]]===
The city is located at {{coor dms|25|47|16|N|80|13|27|W|}}{{GR|1}}.
* [[Candiana]]
===Climate[[Emilia Romagna]]===
* [[Milano Marittima]]
Miami has a tropical wet-and-dry climate, whereas seasons are roughly determined by precipitation regimes. The city occasionally experiences brief cold fronts during the winter, otherwise is warm or hot year round. The area does not experience temperate seasons and the year is instead divided into two six-month seasons. The wet season, which is hot and humid, lasts from May to October, when it gives way to the dry season, which features balmy temperatures besides scant rainfall. The [[Atlantic hurricane season|hurricane season]] largely coincides with the wet season.
* [[Volania]]
[[Image:MiamiFlooding.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Severe [[flood]]ing due to summer [[thunderstorms]] is a common nuisance in Miami]]
* [[Anita]]
In addition to its sea-level elevation, coastal ___location and position just above the [[Tropic of Cancer]], the area owes its warm, humid climate to the [[Gulf Stream]], which moderates climate year-round. A typical summer day does not see temperatures below 75ºF (21º C). Temperatures in the high 80s to low 90s (30-35 °C) accompanied by high humidity are often relieved by afternoon thunderstorms or a [[seabreeze]] that develops off the Atlantic Ocean, which then allow more moderate temperatures, although conditions still remain very muggy. During winter, humidity is significantly lower, allowing for cooler weather to develop. Average minimum temperatures during that time are around 60ºF (15ºC), rarely dipping below 40ºF (4ºC), and the equivalent maxima usually range between 70 and 80 °F (21-27 °C). During the dry, cool season, the Gulf Stream helps to moderate the effect of the [[cold front]]s that often bring freezing temperatures to the more northerly portions of Florida.
* [[Tresigallo]]
===[[Tuscany]]===
Officially, Miami has never recorded a triple-digit temperature, the all-time maximum being 98ºF (37ºC), set on [[August 15]], [[1956]]. However, extreme summer humidity often boosts the [[heat index]] into the 110sºF (43º to 48ºC). The coldest [[temperature]] ever recorded in the city of Miami was 31 °F (-1 °C) on [[January 20]], [[1977]]. That same day, scattered snow flurries hit the area, Miami's first and only recorded [[snowfall]] since weather records began in the 1830s.<ref>[http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/almanac/arc2002/alm02jan.htm Weather Almanac for January 2002 - Miami's First Snowfall], retrieved [[February 19]] [[2006]]</ref>
* [[Albinia]]
* [[Tirrenia]]
* [[Calambrone]]
* [[Macchiascandona]]
* [[Alberese]]
* [[Spergolaia]]
===[[Marche]]===
Miami receives abundant rainfall, one of the highest among major U.S. cities. It receives annual rainfall of 58.6 inches (146.5 cm) [http://www.srh.noaa.gov/mfl/localdata.php]. The [[South Florida metropolitan area]], which includes the cities of [[Miami]], [[Fort Lauderdale]], and [[West Palm Beach]], is the second largest metropolitan area in the world after [[Tokyo]] that receives regular [[tropical cyclone|cyclonic]] activity. [[Hurricane season]] officially runs from [[June 1]] through [[November 30]], although hurricanes can develop beyond those dates. The most likely time for Miami to be hit is during the peak of the [[Cape Verde-type hurricane|Cape Verde]] season which is late August through the end of September<ref>[http://www.weather.com/newscenter/specialreports/hurricanes/vulnerablecities/miami.html Weather.com Vulnerable cities: Miami, Florida], retrieved [[February 19]] [[2006]]</ref>. Due to its ___location between two major bodies of water known for tropical activity, Miami is also statistically the most likely major city to be struck by a hurricane in the world, trailed closely by [[Nassau, Bahamas]], and [[Havana, Cuba]]. Despite this, the city has been fortunate in not having a direct hit by a hurricane since [[Hurricane Cleo]] in 1964.<ref>[http://www.hurricanecity.com/city/miami.htm Miami,Florida's history with tropical systems.] Hurricane City web site, retrieved [[February 19]] [[2006]]</ref> However, many other hurricanes have affected the city, including [[Hurricane Betsy|Betsy]] in 1965, [[Hurricane Andrew|Andrew]] in 1992, [[Hurricane Irene (1999)|Irene]] in 1999, and Hurricanes [[Hurricane Katrina|Katrina]] and [[Hurricane Wilma|Wilma]] in 2005. In addition, a tropical depression in October of 2000 passed over the city, causing record rainfall and flooding. Locally, the storm is credited as the [[Tropical Storm Leslie (2000)|No Name Storm of 2000]], though the depression went on to become Tropical Storm Leslie upon entering the Atlantic Ocean.
* [[Metaurilia]]
===[[Latium]]===
==People and culture==
===Demographics===
[[Image:Miami, Florida 1955 Yellow Book.jpg|thumb|250px|A map of Miami from 1955]]
Miami is the 46th most populous city in the U.S., just behind [[Minneapolis, Minnesota|Minneapolis]] and [[Omaha, Nebraska|Omaha]]. The [[South Florida metropolitan area|metropolitan area]], which includes [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade]], [[Broward County, Florida|Broward]] and [[Palm Beach County, Florida|Palm Beach]] counties, ranks sixth in the United States behind [[Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex|Dallas]] and is the largest metropolitan area in the [[Southeastern]] United States. As of the census of 2000, there were 362,470 people, 134,198 households, and 83,336 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 3,923.5/km² (10,160.9/mi²), making Miami one of the more densely populated cities in the country. There were 148,388 housing units at an average density of 1,606.2/km² (4,159.7/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 66.62% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 22.31% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.22% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.66% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.04% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 5.42% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 4.74% from two or more races. 65.76% of the population were [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race. 11.83% of the population were non-Hispanic whites. The ethnic makeup of the city is 34.1% [[Cuban]], 22.3% [[African American]], 5.6% [[Nicaraguan]], 5.0% [[Haitian]], and 3.3% [[Honduran]]. In 2004, the [[United Nations Development Programme]] (UNDP) ranked Miami first in terms of percentage of residents born outside of the country it is located in (59%), followed by [[Toronto]] (43%).
* [[Latina]]
There were 134,198 households out of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 18.7% have a female head of household with no husband present, and 37.9% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.25.
* [[Sabaudia]]
* [[Pontinia]]
* [[Aprilia]]
* [[Pomezia]]
* [[Guidonia Montecelio|Guidonia]]
* [[Maccarese]]
* [[San Cesareo]]
* [[Acilia]]
===[[Abruzzo]]===
In the city the population was spread out with 21.7% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.3 males.
* [[Salle]]
* [[San Salvo Marina]]
===[[Molise]]===
The median income for a household in the city was $23,483, and the median income for a family was $27,225. Males had a median income of $24,090 versus $20,115 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $15,128. About 23.5% of families and 28.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 38.2% of those under age 18 and 29.3% of those age 65 or over.
* [[Nuova Cliternia]]
===[[Campania]]===
Based on the [[FBI]]'s [[Uniform Crime Reports Program]], Miami ranks as the second most dangerous metropolitan area in the United States, based number of murders, rapes, robberies, aggravated assaults, burglaries and motor vehicle thefts that have occurred in the metropolitan area. The city proper ranks 14th.[http://www.morganquitno.com/cit01pop.htm]
* [[Borgo Appio]]
* [[Borgo Domitio]]
* [[Licola]]
* [[Corvinia]]
* [[Farinia]]
===[[Apulia]]===
The city ranks second-to-last in people over 18 with a high school diploma, with 23% of the population not having that degree.
* [[Segezia]]
* Borgo Giardinetto
* Borgo Mezzanone
* Siponto
* Tavernola
* Incoronata
* Borgo Cervaro
* Montegrosso
* Ginosa Marina
* Borgo Perrone
* Borgo Piave
* Borgo Grappa
* [[Porto Cesareo]]
* Cardigliano
===[[Basilicata]]===
A wide variety of languages are commonly spoken throughout the city. The City of Miami has three official languages - [[English language|English]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], and [[Haitian Creole language|Haitian Creole]]. Other languages that are spoken throughout the city include [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]], [[Brazilian Portuguese language|Brazilian Portuguese]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[Finnish language|Finnish]], [[French language|French]], [[German language|German]], [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Igbo language|Igbo]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Russian language|Russian]], and [[Turkish language|Turkish]]. Miami has the largest percentage population in the U.S. among large cities (74%) of people who speak a language other than English at home.
* [[Centro Colonico Villaggio Marconi]]
* [[Bosco Salice]]
* [[Scanzano Jonico]]
* [[Policoro]]
===[[Calabria]]===
The Latin- and Caribbean-friendly atmosphere in Miami has made it a popular destination for tourists and immigrants from all over the world, and the third-biggest immigration port in the country after [[New York City]] and [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]. In addition, large immigrant communities have settled in Miami from around the globe, including [[Europe]], [[Africa]], and [[Asia]]. The majority of Miami's European immigrant communities are recent immigrants, many living in the city seasonally, with a high disposable income. For example, Miami's Italian-born community numbers only around 45,000, but it is the wealthiest [[Italian American]] community in the United States.
* [[Sant'Eufemia Lamezia]]
* [[Sibari]]
* [[Villaggio Frasso]]
* [[Thurio]]
* [[Villapiana Scalo]]
===[[Sardinia]]===
Today there are sizable legal and [[illegal aliens|illegal]] populations of [[Argentines]], [[Bahamian]]s, [[Barbadian]]s, [[Brazilian]]s, [[Canadian]]s, [[Colombian]]s, [[Cuban]]s, [[Dominican Republic|Dominicans]], [[Dutch people|Dutch]], [[Ecuadorian]]s, [[French]], [[Haitian]]s, [[Honduran]]s, [[Jamaican]]s, [[Israeli]]s, [[Italian]]s, [[Nicaraguan]]s, [[Nigerian]]s, [[Peruvian]]s, [[Puerto Rican]]s, [[Russia]]ns, [[South African]]s, [[Trinidad & Tobago|Trinidadians and Tobagoans]], [[Turkey|Turks]], and [[Venezuelan]]s throughout the metropolitan area. While commonly thought of as mainly a city of [[Hispanic]] and [[Caribbean]] immigrants, the Miami area is home to the largest [[Finnish people|Finnish]], [[French people|French]], and [[South African]] immigrant communities in the United States; as well as one of the largest [[Israeli]], [[Russia|Russian]], and [[Turkey|Turkish]] communities. The communities have grown to a prominent place in Miami and its suburbs, establishing area neighbourhoods such as [[Little Havana]], [[Little Havana|Little Managua]], [[Little Haiti]], [[Sunny Isles|Little Moscow]], [[Little Buenos Aires]], and [[Little_Tel_Aviv/Midtown|Little Tel Aviv]].
* [[Carbonia]]
* Cortoghiana
* Strovina
* Fertilia
* Tramariglio
* Villaggio Calik
* Campo Giavesu
* [[Arborea]]
* Sassu
* Pompongias
* Tanca Marchesa
* Torrevecchia
* Linnas
===Media=[[Japan]]==
*[[Tokyo]]
Miami is served by two English-language newspapers, ''[[The Miami Herald]]'' and ''[[South Florida Sun-Sentinel]]'', and Spanish-language ''[[El Nuevo Herald]]'' and "Diario Las Americas". ''The Miami Herald'' is Miami's primary newspaper with over a million readers focusing mainly on issues that affect the Miami and Miami-Dade area. It also has news bureaus in [[Broward County|Broward]], [[Monroe County, Florida|Monroe]], and [[Nassau, Bahamas]]. It publishes daily Monroe County, Nassau, and International Editions along with the daily Miami-Dade edition.
*[[Kyoto]]
Miami is the 12th largest radio market and the 17th largest television market in the U.S. Television stations serving the Miami area include [[WAMI]] ([[Telefutura]]), [[WBFS]] ([[UPN]]), [[WBZL]] ([[WB Television Network|The WB]]), [[WFOR]] ([[CBS]]), [[WHFT]] ([[TBN]]), [[WLTV]] ([[Univision]]), [[WPLG]] ([[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]), [[WPXM]] ([[i television network|i]]), [[WSCV]] ([[Telemundo]]), [[WSVN]] ([[Fox Broadcasting Company|FOX]]), [[WTVJ]] ([[NBC]]), [[WPBT]] ([[PBS]]), and [[WLRN]] (also PBS).
*[[Sapporo]]
{{seealso|List of radio stations in Florida}}
*[[Tsukuba]]
*[[Changchun|Shin'kyo]] (now known as Changchun; capital of the [[puppet government]] of [[Manchukuo]], regained by [[China]] after [[World War II]])
* [[Tama, Tokyo|Tama New Town]] (near [[Tokyo]])
* [[Kozoji New Town]] (near [[Nagoya]])
* [[Senri New Town]] (near [[Osaka]])
===Sports=[[Kazakhstan]]==
*[[Astana]]
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 0 auto; width:80%;"
|+ '''Miami professional sports teams'''
|-
!Club
!Sport
!League
!Stadium
!League Championships
|-
|[[Miami Dolphins]]
|[[American football|Football]]
|[[National Football League]]
|[[Dolphin Stadium]]
|[[Super Bowl]] ([[Super Bowl VII|VII]] [[1972]] - defeated [[Washington Redskins]], 14-7 [being the first undefeated team in an NFL season] and [[Super Bowl VIII|VIII]] [[1973]] - defeated [[Minnesota Vikings]], 24-7)
|-
|[[Florida Panthers]]
|[[Ice hockey|Hockey]]
|[[National Hockey League]]
|[[BankAtlantic Center]]
|None
|-
|[[Miami Heat]]
|[[Basketball]]
|[[National Basketball Association]]
|[[AmericanAirlines Arena]]
|[[NBA Finals]] (Champions) ([[2006 NBA Finals|2006]] - defeated [[Dallas Mavericks]], series 4-2)
|-
|[[Florida Marlins]]
|[[Baseball]]
|[[Major League Baseball]]; [[National League|NL]]
|[[Dolphin Stadium]]
|[[World Series]] ([[1997 World Series|1997]] - defeated [[Cleveland Indians]], series 4-3; [[2003 World Series|2003]] - defeated [[New York Yankees]], series 4-2)
|-
|[[Miami FC]]
|[[Soccer]]
|[[United Soccer Leagues]]
|[[Tropical Park]]
|None
|}
==[[Lithuania]]==
The [[Miami Heat]] is the only major league team that plays its games in Miami. The team recently won the [[2006 NBA Finals]], winning the series 4-2 over the [[Dallas Mavericks]]. The [[Miami Dolphins]] and the [[Florida Marlins]] both play their games in the suburb of [[Miami Gardens]]. The [[Orange Bowl (game)|Orange Bowl]], a member of the [[Bowl Championship Series]], hosts their college football championship games at [[Dolphin Stadium]]. The stadium has also hosted the [[Super Bowl]]; the Miami metro area has hosted a total of ten, more than any other city, and is scheduled to host another in [[2007 in sports|2007]]. The [[Florida Panthers]] [[NHL]] team plays in neighboring [[Broward County|Broward County, Florida]] at the [[BankAtlantic Center]] in the city of [[Sunrise, Florida|Sunrise]]. Miami is also the home of the [[Miami Orange Bowl]], the home site for all [[University of Miami]] Hurricanes football games. Miami is also home to '''Paso Fino''' horses, where competitions are held at '''Tropical Park Equestrain Center'''.
*[[Visaginas]]
*[[Elektrenai|Elektrėnai]]
==[[Malaysia]]==
A number of defunct teams were located in Miami, including the [[Miami Floridians]] ([[American Basketball Association|ABA]]), [[Miami Gatos]] ([[North American Soccer League|NASL]]), [[Miami Screaming Eagles]] ([[World Hockey Association|WHA]]), [[Miami Seahawks]] ([[All-America Football Conference|AAFC]]), [[Miami Sol]] ([[Women's National Basketball Association|WNBA]]), [[Miami Toros]] ([[North American Soccer League|NASL]]), [[Miami Tribe]] ([[PSFL]]), and the [[Miami Tropics]] ([[Spring Football League|SFL]]). The [[Miami Fusion]], a defunct [[Major League Soccer]] team played at [[Lockhart Stadium]] in nearby [[Broward County]].
*[[Cyberjaya]]
*[[Petaling Jaya]]
*[[Putrajaya]]
*[[Shah Alam]]
==[[Malta]]==
{{seealso|U.S. cities with teams from four major sports}}
*[[Valletta]][http://www.cityofvalletta.org]
==Education[[Mexico]]==
*[[Cancún]]
*[[Teotihuacan]]
==[[Netherlands]]==
Miami is served by [[Miami-Dade County Public Schools]] (M-DCPS), which is the largest school district in Florida and the fourth largest in the [[United States]], with a student enrollment of 414,128 (as of [[February 15]], [[2006]]). The district is also the largest minority public school system in the country, with 52% of its students being of Hispanic origin, 25% [[African American]], and 6% non-white of other minorities. M-DCPS is also one of a few public school districts in the United States to offer optional [[bilingual education]]. Miami also has several Catholic high schools, among which are Archbishop Curley-Notre Dame High School, Columbus High School, Belen Jesuit, the Carrolton School, La Salle High School and St. Brendan High School.
* [[Alkmaar]] [http://www.alkmaar.nl]
* [[Almere]] [http://www.almere.nl]
* [[Capelle aan den IJssel]] [http://www.capelleaandenijssel.nl]
* [[Haarlemmermeer]] [http://www.haarlemmermeer.nl]
* [[Hellevoetsluis]] [http://www.hellevoetsluis.nl]
* [[Helmond]] [http://www.helmond.nl]
* [[Hoorn]] [http://www.hoorn.nl]
* [[Huizen]] [http://www.huizen.nl]
* [[Lelystad]] [http://www.lelystad.nl]
* [[Nieuwegein]] [http://www.nieuwegein.nl]
* [[Purmerend]] [http://www.purmerend.nl]
* [[Spijkenisse]] [http://www.spijkenisse.nl]
* [[Zoetermeer]] [http://www.zoetermeer.nl]
==[[Nigeria]]==
Among the Colleges and universities in the area include [[Barry University]], [[Florida International University]], [[Johnson and Wales University]], [[Miami-Dade College]], [[St. Thomas University (Florida)|St. Thomas University]], [[Florida Memorial University]], and the [[University of Miami]].
* [[Abuja]]
==Economy[[Pakistan]]==
*[[Islamabad]]
[[Image:Miamidadecountyjail.jpg|thumb|210px|right|The Federal Detention Center in Downtown Miami]]
*[[New Muree]] near [[Islamabad]]
==[[Poland]]==
Despite the common conception that Miami's economy revolves around tourism, the fact is that Miami is one of the country's most important financial centers. It is the major center of regional commerce, and boasts a strong international business community. According to the ranking of world cities undertaken by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group & Network (GaWC) and based on the level of presence of global corporate service organisations, Miami is considered a "Gamma World City."
* [[Elbląg]] [http://www.elblag.pl]
* [[Głogówek]] [http://www.glogowek.pl]
* [[Gdynia]] [http://www.gdynia.pl]
* [[Nowa Huta]] (showpiece of Socialist Realist-era urban planning), now incorporated into the Royal city of Cracow
* [[Starogard]] [http://www.starogard.pl]
* [[Ursynów]] [http://www.ursynow.pl]
* [[Zamość]] A UN World Heritage site, Zamosc is the result of the opulently wealthy Polish [[Chancellor]] [[Jan Zamoyski]]'s financial empire. It is modelled on Italian renaissance theories of the 'ideal city' and built by the architect [[Bernardo Morando]]. Zamość is a perfect example of late 16th century Renaissance urban planning ideals. [http://www.zamosc.pl/]
* [[Tychy]] [[Nowe Tychy, New Tychy]] [http://www.umtychy.pl]
==[[Portugal]]==
Because of its proximity to Latin America, Miami serves as the headquarters of Latin American operations for many multinational corporations, including [[American Airlines]], [[Cisco Systems|Cisco]], [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]], [[Exxon]], [[FedEx]], [[Microsoft]], [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]], [[SBC Communications]] and [[Sony]]. Several large companies are headquartered in or around Miami, including [[Alienware]], [[Autonation]], [[Burger King]], [[Carnival Cruise Lines]], [[Citrix Systems]], [[DHL]], [[Norwegian Cruise Lines]], and [[Ryder|Ryder Systems]]. [[Miami International Airport]] and the [[Port of Miami]] are among the nation's busiest ports of entry, especially for cargo from South America and the Caribbean. Additionally, downtown Miami has the largest concentration of international banks in the country. Miami was also the host city of the 2003 [[Free Trade Area of the Americas]] negotiations, and is one of the leading candidates to become the trading bloc's headquarters. This effort has been guided by [http://www.floridaftaa.org Florida FTAA].
* [[Vila Nova de Santo André]]
==[[Romania]]==
Tourism is also an important industry: the beaches of Greater Miami draw visitors from across the country and around the world, and the [[Art Deco]] nightclub district in [[South Beach]] (in [[Miami Beach, Florida|Miami Beach]]) is widely regarded as one of the most glamourous in the world. However, it is important to note that Miami Beach is not a part of the city of Miami. Even major TV networks sometimes forget this, as when [[Good Morning America]] visited Miami Beach and [[Charles Gibson]] thanked the mayor of Miami (but he was standing next to the mayor of Miami Beach).
* [[Alexandria, Romania|Alexandria]]
* [[Victoria, Romania|Victoria]]
==[[Russia]]==
In addition to these roles, Miami is also an industrial center, especially for stone quarrying and warehousing.
* [[Saint Petersburg]]
* [[Magnitogorsk]]
* [[Protvino]]
==[[Saudi Arabia]]==
Miami has also served as host venue for legendary legal proceedings, most notably the astounding $145 Billion verdict leveled against the nation's 5 largest cigarette manufacturers. This case was a class action on behalf of all afflicted Florida smokers and their families, represented by a prominent and successful Miami-raised husband and wife legal team, Stanley and Susan Rosenblatt.
* [[King Abdullah City]] (currently under development)
==[[Singapore]]==
According to the U.S. Census Bureau 2002 American Community Survey, Miami was the poorest city in the United States, with 31% of the residents having incomes below the federal [[poverty]] line. In 2004, Miami moved to third in the rankings ahead of [[Detroit, Michigan]] and [[El Paso, Texas]].
The following are not "cities" per se, but smaller developments within the nation-state of Singapore.
*[[Ang Mo Kio New Town]]
*[[Bedok New Town]]
*[[Bishan New Town]]
*[[Bukit Batok New Town]]
*[[Bukit Merah]]
*[[Bukit Panjang New Town]]
*[[Bukit Timah Estate]]
*[[Choa Chu Kang New Town]]
*[[Clementi New Town]]
*[[Geylang]]
*[[Hougang New Town]]
*[[Jurong East New Town]]
*[[Jurong West New Town]]
*[[Kallang]]/[[Whampoa]]
*[[Marine Parade Estate]]
*[[Pasir Ris New Town]]
*[[Punggol New Town]]
*[[Queenstown, Singapore|Queenstown]]
*[[Sembawang New Town]]
*[[Serangoon New Town]]
*[[Sengkang New Town]]
*[[Simei New Town]]
*[[Tampines New Town]]
*[[Toa Payoh New Town]]
*[[Woodlands New Town]]
*[[Yishun New Town]]
==[[Slovenia]]==
Miami is also one of the least affordable places to live, with 69% of its residents spending at least 30% of their household income on home ownership. Miami ranks first among least affordable cities for home ownership.
* [[Novo Mesto]]
[[As of 2005]], the Miami area is witnessing its largest [[real estate]] boom [[Florida land boom of the 1920s|since the 1920s]].
==Transportation[[Spain]]==
[[Image:MiamiMetroBus.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Miami-Dade County Transit Buses in [[Miami Beach, Florida]].]]
Miami's main international hub is [[Miami International Airport]], which is one of the busiest international airports in the world, serving over 35 million passengers every year. Identified as MIA or KMIA by various world aviation authorities, it is a major hub and the single largest international gateway for [[American Airlines]], the world's largest passenger air carrier; and is also served by many foreign airlines. MIA is the USA's third largest international port of entry for foreign air passengers (behind New York's [[John F. Kennedy International Airport|JFK]] and Los Angeles' [[Los Angeles International Airport|LAX]]), and the seventh largest such gateway in the world (bested only by those two airports; combined with London's Heathrow, Paris' Charles de Gaulle, Amsterdam's Schiphol, and Hong Kong's Chek Lap Kok international airports). The airport's extensive international route network includes non-stop flights to over seventy international cities in North and South America, Europe, and the Middle East. [[Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport]] (FLL/KFLL) also serves the metropolitan area, and actually handles more total passengers who are originating or ending their trip in south Florida than does MIA.
* [[Tres Cantos]] [http://www.tres-cantos.org]
The main seaport, The [[Port of Miami]], is the largest cruise ship port in the world, serving over 18 million passengers per year. Additionally, the port is one of the nation's busiest cargo ports, importing nearly ten million tons of cargo annually. Among North American ports, it ranks second only to the [[Port of South Louisiana]] in terms of cargo tonnage imported/exported from Latin America.
==[[Sweden]]==
Miami is connected to [[Amtrak|Amtrak's]] Atlantic Coast services.
* [[Kiruna]] [http://www.kiruna.se]
Local public transportation includes [[Miami-Dade Transit#Metrobus|Metrobus]] and [[Miami-Dade Transit#Metrorail|Metrorail]], a [[metro]] [[rapid transit]] system (both operated by [[Miami-Dade Transit]]). Furthermore, [[Tri-Rail]], a [[commuter rail]] system, connects the major cities and airports of the [[South Florida metropolitan area]]. Several transit expansion projects are being funded by a transit development sales tax surcharge throughout Miami-Dade County.
* [[Stockholm]] (satellite towns)
[[Image:MiamiMetromover.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Miami's [[Miami-Dade Transit#Metromover|Metromover]] is an efficient and free mass transit system in Downtown Miami.]]
** [[Farsta]] [http://www.farsta.stockholm.se]
A new light rail system is proposed and is called BayLink. BayLink will connect downtown miami with South beach.
** [[Skarpnäcksfältet]] [http://www.skarpnack.stockholm.se]
Miami-Dade County is served by four Interstate Highways ([[I-75]], [[I-95]], [[Interstate 195 (Florida)|I-195]], [[Interstate 395 (Florida)|I-395]]) and several U.S. Highways including [[U.S. Route 1]], [[US 27]], [[US 41]], and [[US 441]]. Some of the major [[Florida State Roads]] (and their common names) serving the county are:
** [[Vällingby]] [http://www.vallingby.stockholm.se]
* [[Florida State Road|SR 112]] (Airport Expressway) Downtown to [[Miami International Airport|MIA]]
* [[Jakriborg]]
* 821 (The [[HEFT]] or Homestead Extension of the [[Florida Turnpike]]: [[Florida State Road|SR 91]]/[[Miami Gardens]] to [[U.S. Route 1]]/[[Florida City]])
* [[Florida State Road|SR 826]] (Palmetto Expressway) [[Golden Glades|Golden Glades Interchange]] to [[U.S. Route 1]]/[[Kendall]]
* [[Florida State Road|SR 836]] (Dolphin Expressway) Downtown to [[Florida Turnpike|Turnpike]] via [[Miami International Airport|MIA]]
* [[Florida State Road|SR 874]] (Don Shula Expressway) 826/Bird Road to 878
* [[Florida State Road|SR 878]] (Snapper Creek Expressway) [[Kendall, Florida|Kendall]] to [[Florida Turnpike|Turnpike]]/[[Homestead, Florida|Homestead]]
* [[Florida State Road|SR 924]] (Gratigny Parkway) [[Miami Lakes]] to [[Opa Locka]]
==[[Switzerland]]==
For information on the [[street grid]], see [[Miami-Dade County, Florida#Street grid]].
* [[La Chaux-de-Fonds]]
== [[Taiwan]] ==
==Miami in television and film==
* [[Jhongsing Village]]
{{seealso|Movies made in Miami}}
There are many television shows that have been based in Miami. The controversial ''[[Emmy]]'' winning drama ''[[Nip/Tuck]]'', the sitcom ''[[The Golden Girls]]'' and the [[CBS]]'s ''[[CSI: Miami]]'' all fictionally took place in Miami. ''[[The Jackie Gleason Show]]'' was taped in Miami Beach from 1964 to 1970, and the detective series ''[[Surfside 6]]'' was also based in Miami Beach. But no show rivals the effect that ''[[Miami Vice]]'' had in revitalizing the city's image as the 'mecca of cool' for the [[MTV Generation]]. The short-lived NBC show "[[Good Morning Miami]]" was fictionally based around the workings of a Miami television station. The reality shows [[Miami Ink]] and Million Dollar Agents are set in the city as well.
== [[Turkey]] ==
The video game ''[[Grand Theft Auto: Vice City]]'' takes place in a [[Vice City|fictional city]] inspired by Miami, including some of the same architecture and geography. There were also people and gangsters in the game who speak [[Haitian Creole]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]].
*[[Istanbul]]
* [[Miletus]]
== [[Ukraine]] ==
Miami is a center for Latin television and film production. As a result, many Spanish-language programs are filmed in the many television production studios, predominantly in [[Hialeah]] and [[Doral]]. This includes gameshows, variety shows, news programs, and [[telenovelas]] like ''Morelia'', ''La Mujer de Mi Vida'' etc. Arguably, the most famous being ''[[Sábado Gigante]]'', a Saturday night variety show seen throughout the United States, [[South America]] and [[Europe]], and the daytime talk shows ''[[Cristina (television show)|Cristina]]'' and ''[[El Gordo y la Flaca]]''.
*[[Slavutych]]
==[[United Kingdom]]==
Miami has acted as the backdrop for several movies, including, ''[[Bad Boys (1995 film)|Bad Boys]] & [[Bad Boys II]]'', ''[[There's Something About Mary]]'', ''[[The Birdcage]]'', ''[[The Substitute]]'' and most notably 1983's ''[[Scarface]]''.
(including all New Towns under the New Towns Act of [[1946]] and successive Acts)
''See [[new towns in the United Kingdom]].''
==Music=England===
*[[Aycliffe, England|Aycliffe]] [http://www.sedgefield.gov.uk]
Miami music is varied. [[Latin American]] [[Immigrants]] brought the [[conga]] and [[rumba]] to Miami from their homelands instantly popularizing it in [[American culture]].
*[[Basildon, England|Basildon]] [http://www.basildon.gov.uk/]
*[[Bracknell, England|Bracknell]] [http://www.bracknell-forest.gov.uk]
* [[Chorley, England|Chorley]] [http://www.chorley.gov.uk]
*[[Corby, England|Corby]] [http://www.corby.gov.uk/]
*[[Crawley, England|Crawley]] [http://www.crawley.gov.uk]
*[[Letchworth, England|Letchworth]]
*[[Harlow, England|Harlow]] [http://www.harlow.gov.uk]
*[[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]] [http://www.welhat.gov.uk]
*[[Hemel Hempstead, England|Hemel Hempstead]] [http://www.dacorum.gov.uk/hemel-hempstead/index.htm]
*[[Milton Keynes]] [http://www.mkweb.co.uk] (New City)
*[[Peterborough]] [http://www.petersborough.gov.uk]
*[[Peterlee, England|Peterlee]] [http://www.easington.gov.uk]
*[[Poundbury, England|Poundbury]] [http://www.princes-foundation.org/foundation/projdir-uep-poundbury.html]
*[[Redditch, England|Redditch]] [http://www.redditchbc.gov.uk]
*[[Runcorn, England|Runcorn]] [http://www.halton.gov.uk/townandvillage/runcorn_new_town.asp]
*[[Skelmersdale, England|Skelmersdale]] [http://www.westlancsdc.gov.uk/]
*[[Stevenage]] [http://www.stevenage.gov.uk]
*[[Telford, England|Telford]] [http://www.telford.gov.uk]
*[[Warrington, England|Warrington]] [http://www.warrington.gov.uk]
*[[Washington, Tyne and Wear|Washington]] [http://www.sunderland.gov.uk]
*[[Welwyn Garden City, England|Welwyn Garden City]] [http://www.welhat.gov.uk]
===Scotland===
In the early-1970s, the Miami [[disco]] sound came to life with [[TK Records]], featuring the music of [[KC and the Sunshine Band]], with such hits as "Get Down Tonight", "(Shake, Shake, Shake) Shake Your Booty" and "That's the Way (I Like It)"; and the Latin-American disco group, [[Foxy (band)]], with their hit singles "Get Off" and "Hot Number". Miami-area natives [[George McCrae]] and [[Teri DeSario]] were also popular music artists during the 1970s disco era.
*[[Cumbernauld, Scotland|Cumbernauld]] [http://www.northlan.gov.uk]
*[[East Kilbride, Scotland|East Kilbride]] [http://www.southlanarkshire.gov.uk]
*[[Glenrothes|Glenrothes]] [http://www.fife.gov.uk/]
*[[Irvine, Scotland|Irvine]] [http://www.north-ayrshire.gov.uk/]
*[[Livingston, Scotland|Livingston]] [http://www.westlothian.gov.uk]
===Wales===
Miami-influenced, [[Gloria Estefan]] and the [[Miami Sound Machine]], hit the popular music scene with their Cuban-oriented sound and had huge hits in the 1980s with "Conga" and "Bad Boys".
*[[Cwmbran, Wales|Cwmbran]] [http://www.torfaen.gov.uk]
*[[Newtown, Powys|Newtown]] [http://www.powys.gov.uk]
===Northern Ireland===
Miami also had a huge place in hip-hop music since the mid-1980s, with its urban sound, rivaling that of [[New York City]] as the [[East Coast]]'s prime [[hip hop music|hip-hop]] mecca. Miami's also the birthplace of [[Miami Bass]] and arguably the birthplace of [[Southern Rap]]. Notable hip-hop artists from Miami consist of [[Luther Campbell]], [[Poison Clan]], [[Trick Daddy]], [[Trina]], [[Pitbull (rapper)|Pitbull]], [[Rick Ross (rapper)|Rick Ross]], [[Skam2?]], [[DJ Uncle Al]], and [[Smitty]].
* [[Antrim]] [http://www.antrim.gov.uk]
* [[Ballymena]] [http://www.ballymena.gov.uk]
* [[Craigavon]] [http://www.craigavon.gov.uk]
==SisterUnited CitiesStates==
=== New Communities built in the Colonial and Post-Colonial Era ===
Miami has 16 [[town twinning|sister cities]], as designated by [http://www.sister-cities.org/ Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI)]:
*[[Annapolis, Maryland]]
{|
*[[Augusta, Georgia]]
| valign="top" |
*[[Columbia, South Carolina]]
*{{flagicon|Morocco}} [[Agadir]], [[Morocco]]
*[[Holyoke, Massachusetts]]
*{{flagicon|Jordan}} [[Amman]], [[Jordan]]
*[[New Haven, Connecticut]] - the first planned city in America, designed in 1638.
*{{flagicon|France}} [[Nice]], [[France]]
*[[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]
*{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Palermo]], [[Italy]]
*[[Raleigh, North Carolina]]
*{{flagicon|Israel}} [[Ramat Hasharon]], [[Israel]]
*[[Rogersville, Tennessee]]
*{{flagicon|Chile}} [[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]], [[Chile]]
*[[Savannah, Georgia]]
*{{flagicon|Dominican Republic}} [[Santo Domingo]], [[Dominican Republic]]
*[[Washington, DC]]
*{{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Varna]], [[Bulgaria]]
| valign="top" |
*{{flagicon|Colombia}} [[Bogotá]], [[Colombia]]
*{{flagicon|Argentina}} [[Buenos Aires]], [[Argentina]]
*{{flagicon|Bolivia}} [[Cochabamba]], [[Bolivia]]
*{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Kagoshima]], [[Japan]]
*{{flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Kaohsiung City]], [[Republic of China|Taiwan]]
*{{flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Managua]], [[Nicaragua]]
*{{flagicon|Costa Rica}} [[Montes de Oca]], [[Costa Rica]]
*{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Murcia]], [[Spain]]
|}
=== New Communities built in the [[Nineteenth Century]] ===
==See also==
* [[Fort LauderdaleAustin, FloridaTexas]]
* [[Indianapolis, Indiana]]
*[[List of people from Miami]]
* [[Miami-DadeLlewellyn CountyPark, FloridaNew Jersey]]
* [[Miami BeachParksley, FloridaVirginia]]
* [[Pullman, Chicago|Pullman, Illinois]] (now part of [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]])
*[[Miami International Airport]]
* [[Miami PoliceRiverside, DepartmentIllinois]]
* [[Salt Lake City, Utah|Salt Lake City]], [[Utah]]
*[[South Florida metropolitan area]]
*[[South Beach]]
=== New Communities built in the early [[Twentieth Century]] ===
==References==
* [[Avondale Estates, Georgia]]
<div class="references-small">
* [[Baldwin Hills Village, California]]
<references />
* [[Chatham Village, Pittsburgh]]
</div>
* [[Coral Gables, Florida]]
* [[Fairfield, Alabama]]
* [[Kingsport, Tennessee]]
* [[Minden, Nevada]]
* [[Radburn, New Jersey]]
* [[Roland Park, Baltimore, Maryland]]
* [[Shaker Heights, Ohio]]
* [[Sugar Land, Texas]]
* [[Sunnyside Gardens, New York]]
* [[City of Industry, California]]
* [[City of Commerce, California]]
=== New Communities built with Federal aid during the [[New Deal]] ===
==Further reading==
*[[Boulder City, Nevada]]
*[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=16000US1245000&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US12%7C16000US1245000&_street=&_county=Miami&_cityTown=Miami&_state=&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=160 U.S. Census Bureau - Census 2000 Demographic Profile Highlights for City of Miami]
*[[Greenbelt, Maryland]] [http://www.greenbelt.com]
*<cite style="font-style:normal" id="Reference-Jeff-1995">Jeff, Ripple (1995). ''The Florida Keys: the Natural Wonders of an Island Paradise'', Photographs by Bill Keogh, [[Stillwater, Minnesota]]: Voyageur Press. ISBN 0-89658-262-0.</cite>
*[[Greendale, Wisconsin]] [http://www.greendale.org/]
*[[Greenhills, Ohio]] [http://www.greenhillsohio.org/]
*[[Norris, Tennessee]]
*[[Roosevelt, New Jersey]]
=== New Communities built privately in the post World War II era ===
==External links==
*[[Joppatowne, Maryland]]
{{sisterlinks|Miami}}
*[[Levittown, New York]]
* {{wikitravel}}
*[[Levittown, Pennsylvania]]
* [http://www.gmcvb.com Greater Miami Convention and Visitors Bureau]
*[[Rohnert Park, California]]
* [http://www.dmv.org/fl-florida/department-motor-vehicles.php Miami Florida DMV]
*[[Sharpstown, Houston, Texas]]
* [http://www.hot-maps.de/north_america/usa/florida/miami/homeen.html Interactive Miami Map]
*[[Park Forest, Illinois]] [http://findit.sos.state.il.us/PFS/birthofacity.html]
* [http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/pages City of Miami, Florida - Official Site]
*[[Willingboro Township, New Jersey|Willingboro, New Jersey]]
=== New Communities built privately or with state-aid from the [[1960s]] and [[1970s]] ===
{{Mapit-US-cityscale|25.787676|-80.224145}}
*[[Arcosanti|Arcosanti, Arizona]]
*[[Audubon New Community, New York]] (near [[Buffalo, New York]])
*[[Clear Lake City, Houston, Texas]]
*[[Columbia, Maryland]]
*[[Cold Spring, Maryland]] (Baltimore, Maryland) [http://www.baltimoremd.com/coldspring/]
*[[Coral Springs, Florida]]
*[[Coto de Caza, California]]
*[[Village of Cross Keys, Maryland]] (see [[Baltimore, Maryland]])
*[[First Colony, Sugar Land, Texas]] (see [[Sugar Land, Texas]])
*[[Foster City, California]]
*[[Irvine, California]]
*[[King City, Oregon]]
*[[Kingwood, Houston, Texas]]
*[[Mission Viejo, California]]
*[[Mystic Island, New Jersey]]
*[[Peachtree City, Georgia]]
*[[Reston, Virginia]]
*[[Sugar Creek, Sugar Land, Texas]] (see [[Sugar Land, Texas]])
*[[Sunriver, Oregon]]
*[[The Woodlands, Texas]] (an incorporated community in the [[Houston, Texas|Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown]] metropolitan area)
=== New Communities sponsored by the [[United States Department of Housing and Urban Development| Department of Housing and Urban Development]] after [[1970]] ===
{{Florida}}
* [[Riverside Plaza|Cedar-Riverside, Minnesota]] ([[Minneapolis, Minnesota]])
* [[Flower Mound, Texas]] (Near [[Dallas, Texas]])
* [[Gananda, New York]] (Near [[Rochester, Monroe County, New York|Rochester, New York]])
* [[Harbison, South Carolina]] (Near Columbia, South Carolina)
* [[Jonathan, Minnesota]] (Near Minneapolis, Minnesota)
* [[Maumelle, Arkansas]] (Near [[Little Rock, Arkansas]])
* [[Newfields, Ohio]] ([[Dayton, Ohio]])
* [[Park Forest South, Illinois]] (Near [[Chicago, Illinois]])
* [[Radisson, New York]] (Near [[Syracuse, New York]])
* [[Riverton, New York]] (Near Rochester, New York)
* [[Roosevelt Island, New York]] ([[New York, New York]])
* [[Shenandoah, Georgia]] (Near [[Atlanta, Georgia]])
* [[Soul City, North Carolina]] ([[Warren County, North Carolina]])
* [[St. Charles, Maryland]] ([[Charles County, Maryland]])
* [[San Antonio Ranch, Texas]] (near [[San Antonio, Texas]])
=== New Communities built privately in the [[1980s]] and [[1990s]] ===
{{USLargestCities}}
*[[Anthem, Arizona]]
*[[Celebration, Florida]]
*[[Eagle Mountain, Utah]]
*[[Greatwood, Sugar Land, Texas]] (see [[Sugar Land, Texas]])
*[[Holiday City - Silver Ridge Park|Holiday City - Silver Ridge Park, New Jersey]]
*[[Laguna West-Lakeside, California|Laguna West, California]]
*[[New Territory, Sugar Land, Texas]] (see [[Sugar Land, Texas]])
*[[Phillips Ranch (Pomona), California|Phillips Ranch, California]]
*[[Rancho Santa Margarita, California]]
*[[Seaside, Florida]]
* Southern Village, North Carolina
*[[Summerlin, Nevada]] (near [[Las Vegas, Nevada]])
*[[Weston, Florida]]
*[[Carolina Forest, South Carolina]]
=== Unbuilt planned cities===
[[Category:Miami, Florida| ]]
* [[Broadacre City]]
[[Category:Port cities]]
* [[EPCOT]]
* [[Garden City]]
* [[Minnesota Experimental City]]
[[Category:Planned cities| ]]
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[[Category:Urban studies and planning]]
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