|
#REDIRECT [[Help:Wikitext]]
{{cleanup-meta}}
{{R with history}}
== [[Wikitext]] markup — making your page look the way you want==
:'''''This is the page "Help:Wiki markup examples," transcluded in [[Help:Editing]].'''''
<!-- This is the part everybody wants, therefore transcluded and not just linked.-->
*If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the [[{{ns:4}}:Sandbox]].
*More information on [[Help:Html in wikitext|HTML tags in wikitext]]
=== Organizing your writing -- sections, paragraphs, lists and lines ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|-
!What it looks like
!What you type
|-
|
;Sections and subsections
Start sections with header lines
Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.
<!-- This is the original
= DO NOT USE THIS =
== New section ==
=== Subsection ===
==== Sub-subsection ====
-->
<!-- next set
<h1> DO NOT USE THIS </h1>
<h2> New section </h2>
<h3> Subsection </h3>
<h4> Sub-subsection </h4>
-->
<!-- This code prevents confusion in the section editing feature-->
<b><font style="font-size:120%"> New section </font></b>
<b><font style="font-size:110%"> Subsection</font></b>
<b><font style="font-size:100%"> Sub-subsection</font></b>
*Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
*Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
*A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
*If appropriate, place subsections in an appropriate order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.
*If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the toc of large page<h4></nowiki>.
|<pre><nowiki>
== New section ==
=== Subsection ===
==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;[[w:newline|Newline]]:
A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.
But an empty line
starts a new paragraph,
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki><p></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></p></nowiki> or the end of the section)
(in Cologne Blue two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines)
You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.
You might find this causes future problems -- see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.
* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).
|<pre><nowiki>
A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.
But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
|-
|You can break lines<br>
without starting a new paragraph.<p>
(The HTML tag <nowiki><br></nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)</p>
* Please use this sparingly.
* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:Link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.
|<pre><nowiki>You can break lines<br>
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
* ''Unordered [[Help:List|List]]s'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star
*** more stars means deeper levels
*A newline
*in a list
marks the end of the list.
*Of course
*you can
*start again.
|<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star
*** more stars means deeper levels
*A newline
*in a list
marks the end of the list.
*Of course
*you can
*start again.
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
#A newline
#in a list
marks the end of the list.
#New numbering starts
#with 1.
|<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
#A newline
#in a list
marks the end of the list.
#New numbering starts
#with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines<br>in lists
|<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines<br>in lists</nowiki></pre>
|-
|'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined
|<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>
* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
|-
|
;indenting
:A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:Talk page|Talk page]]s.
|<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
|
<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent
both margins when needed instead of the
left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
|<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
|-
|A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
|<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>
|}
=== Links, URLs ===
More information at [[Help:Link]].
==== Internal links ====
General notes:
*Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets -- <nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>
*First letter of target name is automatically capitalized
*Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself)
*[[the weather in London|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red -- [[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
*When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing...
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|-
!What it looks like
!What you type
|-
|
;Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).
|<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Basic + [[Help:Editing#Text_formatting_--_controlling_how_it_looks|Text formatting]]
You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.
|<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
*For more info see [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
*[[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
|<pre><nowiki>
*For more info see [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
*[[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Section of page
*[[List of cities by country#Morocco]].
*[[List of cities by country#Sealand]].
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has alreay appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
|
<pre><nowiki>*[[List of cities by country#Morocco]].
*[[List of cities by country#Sealand]].</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki></nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;[[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':
*[[Help:Link|About Links]]
*[[List of cities by country#Morocco|
Cities in Morocco]]
|<pre><nowiki>*[[Help:Link|About Links]]
*[[List of cities by country#Morocco|
Cities in Morocco]]
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|'''"blank" pipes''' hide:
*Words in parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
*Namespace: [[Meta:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
|<pre><nowiki>*In parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].
*Namespace: [[Meta:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Links to nonexistent pages
[[The weather in London]] is a page that doesn't exist yet.
*You can create it by clicking on the link.
*Have a look at [[Help:Starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
|<pre><nowiki>[[The weather in London]] is a page
that doesn't exist yet.</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Link to yourself
You should "sign" your comments on [[Help:Talk page|talk page]]s:
: Your user name: [[User:Karl Wick|Karl Wick]]
: Or your user name plus date/time: [[User:Karl Wick|Karl Wick]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
: Five tildes gives the date/time alone: 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
|<pre><nowiki>You should "sign" your comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Or your user name plus date/time: ~~~~
: Five tildes gives the date/time alone: ~~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;[[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s
one article title to another with this special link.
|<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;"Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]]
* [[w:Request for Comments|RFC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:Rfcurl]])
|<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
<br/>[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]
|<pre>
<nowiki>
[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Links to Categories
To include links to a Category page.
<br/>[[:Category:English documentation]]
|<pre>
<nowiki>
[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|
;Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting.
|<pre><nowiki>[[July 20]], [[1969]] , [[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>will all appear as [[20 July]]-[[1969]] if you set your date display preference to 1 January 2001.
|-
|
;Special pages
"What links here" and "Recent changes" can be linked as:<br/>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}]] and
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}]]
|<pre><nowiki>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/
Help:Editing]] and
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/
Help:Editing]]</nowiki></pre>
|}
====External links====
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|-
|[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
|<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
|-
|[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]
|<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>
|-
|Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
*In the [[Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
|<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>
|}
=== Images, video, and sounds ===
See also: [[Help:Images and other uploaded files]]
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|-
!What it looks like
!What you type
|-
|
;In-line picture: [[Image:Wiki.png|Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]]
* For many projects, only images that have been uploaded to the same project or [[commons:|the Commons]] can be used. To upload images, use the [[Special:Upload|upload page]]. You can find the uploaded image on the [[Special:Imagelist|image list]]
|<pre><nowiki>
A picture: [[Image:Wiki.png]]</nowiki></pre>
or, with alternative text (''strongly'' encouraged) <!-- actually required in HTML4 --> vbgf
<pre><nowiki>[[Image:Wiki.png|
Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]] </nowiki>
</pre>
[[w:Web browser|Web browser]]s render alternative text when not displaying an image -- for example, when the image isn't loaded, or in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud. See [[w:Wikipedia:Alternative text for images|Alternative text for images]] for help on choosing alternative text. See [[Help:Extended image syntax|Extended image syntax]] for more options.
There is [[Help:Images and other uploaded files#More_details_and_examples_on_embedding_internal_images__into_articles|more information]] on resizing and other formatting tricks.
|-
|
;Other ways of linking to pictures
*The [[Help:Image page|Image page]]: [[:Image:Wiki.png]]
*A link to just the picture: [[media:Wiki.png|Wikipedia]]
* Clicking on an image displayed on a page (such as any of the ones above) also leads to the description page
* To include links to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link.
|<pre><nowiki>[[:Image:Wiki.png]]
[[media:Wiki.png|Wikipedia]]
</nowiki></pre>
|-
|'''Other Media Links -- Video and Sounds'''
Use a "media" link: [[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]
<br>There is
[[Help:Images and other uploaded files#Supported_file_types.3B_miscellaneous|More information on other media types]].
|<pre><nowiki>[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]</nowiki></pre>
|}
=== Text formatting -- controlling how it looks ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th>What it looks like</th>
<th>What you type</th>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).
(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)
<small>Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]'').</small>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.
''[[Wikipedia]]''
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
You can also write <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b>.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
:<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b>
(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>You can also write <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b>.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
:<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b></nowiki></pre><!-- that's not a mathematical formula, though -- sure it is, just because it's being applied to physics doesn't make it stop being mathematics -->
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
You can also write
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">
in small caps</span>.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>You can also write
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">
in small caps</span>.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>
* For semantic reasons, using <code><code></code> where applicable is preferable to using <code><tt></code>.
</td><!-- tt is really 'teletype', not 'technical term' -->
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>You can use <small>small text</small>
for captions.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and <u>underline new material</u>.
You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and <u>underline new material</u>.
You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom" id="subscript"><td>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub><br/>
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x²
Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with <sup>2</sup>
ε<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 × 10<sup>−12</sup>
C² / J m.
<br/>
<br/>
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]
</td>
<td valign="bottom"><pre><nowiki>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub>
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x&sup2;
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
&epsilon;<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 &times; 10<sup>&minus;12</sup>
C&sup2; / J m.
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2]]
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
</table>
===Spacing things out -- spaces and tables ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td>
;Using non-breaking spaces
<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>
≥
0 true.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;
&nbsp;&ge;
&nbsp;&nbsp;0 true.
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
;Using [[Help:Table#Simple_example|Wikitext piped tables]]
{||-
|<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>
| width=20px | || width=20px | ≥0 || true.
|-
| a || || b
|}
See templates [[Template:hs1]], [[Template:hs]], and [[Template:vs]] for more examples
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>
{||-
|<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>
| width=20px | || width=20px | ≥0 || true.
|-
| a || || b
|}
</nowiki></pre>
See [[Help:Table]] for more information
</td>
</tr>
</table>
===Just show what I typed===
<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
;Example:
arrow →
''italics''
[[link]]
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;
''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="bottom">
;<nowiki>
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (removing newlines and multiple spaces)
<nowiki>
arrow →
''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki><nowiki>
arrow &rarr;
''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
;<nowiki><pre></nowiki>
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text
<pre>arrow →
''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki><pre>arrow &rarr;
''italics''
[[link]]</pre></nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
; leading space
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text
arrow →
''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;
''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
;preformatted text
IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;
For larger preformatted text passages you can use the <nowiki><pre>a lot of text</pre></nowiki> tag.
WARNING If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces.<br>
<center>(see also below)</center>
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
;typewriter font:
<tt>arrow →</tt>
<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</tt>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>
<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki></tt></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
;Show special character codes:
&rarr;
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
;Comments
The text between '''here'''
<!-- comment here -->
'''and here''' won't be displayed
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''
<!-- comment here -->
'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
===Complicated mathematical formulae===
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
* See [[Help:Formula|Formula]] or [[m:MediaWiki User's Guide: Editing mathematical formulae:TeX markup|TeX markup]]
* A useful resource for understanding TeX can be found at the [http://tug.org TeX User's Group].
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
===Special characters===
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]])<br/>
À Á Â Ã Ä Å <br/>
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë <br/>
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò <br/>
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù <br/>
Ú Û Ü ß à á <br/>
â ã ä å æ ç <br/>
è é ê ë ì í <br/>
î ï ñ ò ó ô <br/>
œ õ ö ø ù ú <br/>
û ü ÿ
À Á Â Ã Ä Å <br/>
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë <br/>
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò <br/>
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù <br/>
Ú Û Ü ß à á <br/>
â ã ä å æ ç <br/>
è é ê ë ì í <br/>
î ï ñ ò ó ô <br/>
œ õ ö ø ù ú <br/>
û ü ÿ
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
À Á Â Ã Ä Å <br/>
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë <br/>
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò <br/>
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù <br/>
Ú Û Ü ß à á <br/>
â ã ä å æ ç <br/>
è é ê ë ì í <br/>
î ï ñ ò ó ô <br/>
œ õ ö ø ù ú <br/>
û ü ÿ
&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring; <br/>
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml; <br/>
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve; <br/>
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave; <br/>
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute; <br/>
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil; <br/>
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute; <br/>
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc; <br/>
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute; <br/>
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
'''Punctuation:'''<br/>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶ <br/>
† ‡ • - – —
¿ ¡ « » § ¶<br/>
† ‡ • - – —
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶ <br/>
† ‡ • - – —
&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para; <br/>
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Commercial symbols:'''<br/>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤
&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>'''Greek characters:''' <br/>
α β γ δ ε ζ <br/>
η θ ι κ λ μ ν <br/>
ξ ο π ρ σ ς <br/>
τ υ φ χ ψ ω <br/>
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π <br/>
Σ Φ Ψ Ω
α β γ δ ε ζ <br/>
η θ ι κ λ μ ν <br/>
ξ ο π ρ σ ς <br/>
τ υ φ χ ψ ω <br/>
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π <br/>
Σ Φ Ψ Ω
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
α β γ δ ε ζ <br/>
η θ ι κ λ μ ν <br/>
ξ ο π ρ σ ς <br/>
τ υ φ χ ψ ω <br/>
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π <br/>
Σ Φ Ψ Ω
&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta; <br/>
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu; <br/>
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf; <br/>
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega; <br/>
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi; <br/>
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Math characters:''' <br/>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ <br/>
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ <br/>
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ <br/>
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø <br/>
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ <br/>
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ <br/>
→ ↔ ↑
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞<br/>
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ <br/>
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ <br/>
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø<br/>
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇<br/>
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔<br/>
→ ↔ ↑<br/>
Problem symbols:
ℵ ∉
ℵ ∉ </td>
<td valign="middle"><pre><nowiki>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ <br/>
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ <br/>
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ <br/>
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø <br/>
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ <br/>
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ <br/>
→ ↔ ↑
&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin; <br/>
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge; <br/>
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime; <br/>
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash; <br/>
&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe; <br/>
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr; <br/>
&rarr; &harr; &uarr;
Problem symbols:
ℵ ∉
&notin; &alefsym;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
</table>
===Including another page — transclusion and templates ===
Changing a transcluded file will change every file that transcludes it.
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="bottom">
<td>
;transclusion
:Including the contents of another page into the current page.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background : grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{:Help:Transclusion Demo}}</div></td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>{{</nowiki>:Help:Transclusion Demo<nowiki>}}</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td>
;[[Help:Template|template]]
A special kind of page designed for transclusion.
These pages are found in the '''Template:''' [[help:namespace|namespace]]
Templates can even take parameters.
When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background : grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</div></td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</nowiki></pre></td></tr>
</table>
| 