|
The article about [[Lutefisk]] claims: "Lutefisk (prounounced loo-te-fisk) is a well-known food of Norway and Sweden (prounounced loo-ta-fisk)which consists of white fish (normally Cod) soaked in lye as a preservative, then dried until it hardens. It is edible after multiple rinsings of water to remove the otherwise poisonous lye, and has a jelly-like consistency after washing."
{{msg:Merge}} [[Timber framing]]
This is actually wrong. The fish is dried first, [[Stockfish]], and then soaked in lye or another base (like birch ash). After this it is rinsed in water. And another thing; it tastes delicious :)
[[Image:DoubleJettiedBuilding.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Projecting ("[[jettying|jettied"]]) upper storeys of an English half-timbered village rowhouse]]
'''Half-timbered construction''' is a Northern European vernacular building style that is characteristic of medieval and early modern [[England]] and parts of [[France]], in locales where [[timber]] was in good supply and building stone and the skills to work it were in short supply. In half-timbered construction timbers that were riven in half provided a complete skeletal framing of the building, riven side facing out, with triangulating bracing members, all morticed and pegged together and infilled with [[wattle-and-daub]] or brick and rubble, with [[plaster]]ed faces on the exterior and interior (which might be "ceiled" with [[wainscoting]] for insulation and warmth). Some Roman carpentry preserved in anoxic layers of clay at [[Romano-British]] [[villa]] sites demonstrate that sophisticated Roman [[carpentry]] had all the necessary techniques for this construction, but the earliest (French) surviving half-timbered buildings date from the [[12th century]].
[[Image:Thiers chateau Pirou.jpg|frame|right|The "chateau du Pirou" at [[Thiers]] is no chateau, but a merchant-class town house, formerly belonging to the ducs de Bourbon]]
Elaborately half-timbered housefronts of the 15th century survive in [[Bourges]] and [[Rouen]] and in [[Thiers]] (''illustration, right''). In North [[Germany]], [[Celle]] is famed for its [[16th century]] half-timbered housefronts. In the later 16th century, timbers might be elaborately carved and spaces infilled with smaller timbering as much decorative as structural. Molded plaster ornamentation ("pargetting") further enriched some English Tudor houses. Half-timbering is characteristic of English [[vernacular architecture]] in [[East Anglia]] and in [[Worcestershire]] and [[Cheshire]], where one of the most elaborate surviving English examples of half-timbered construction is Little Moreton Hall.
[[image:Umgestuelpterzuckhut.jpg|left|thumb|Half Timbered house (''Umgestülpter Zuckerhut'') in [[Hildesheim]] - [[Germany]]]]Half-timbered construction went with colonists to North America in the early 17th century but was soon left behind in New England and the mid-Atlantic colonies for clapboard facings (another tradition of [[East Anglia]]).
Called '''colombage pierroté''' in [[Quebec]] as well other areas of [[Canada]], half-timbered construction infilled with stone and rubble survived into the [[19th century]] and was consciously revived at the end of the century. In Western Canada it was used on buildings in the [[Red River Settlement]]; the Men's House at [[Lower Fort Garry]] is a good example of ''colombage pierroté''.
When half-timbering regained popularity in Britain after [[1860]], in "[[Queen Anne style]]" houses by [[Richard Norman Shaw]] and others, it was often used to evoke a "Tudor" atmosphere (''see [[Tudorbethan]]''), though in Tudor times half-timbering had begun to look rustic and was increasingly limited to villages houses (''illustration, above left''). In [[1912]], Allen W. Jackson published ''The Half-Timber House: Its Origin, Design, Modern Plan, and Construction,'' and rambling half-timbered beach houses appeared on dunefront properties in Rhode Island or under palm-lined drives of [[Beverly Hills]]. During the 1920s increasingly minimal gestures towards some half-timbering in commercial speculative house-building saw the fashion peter out.
==See also==
*[[Norman architecture]]
*[[Jettying]]
==External links==
*[http://ah.bfn.org/a/DCTNRY/h/half.html Buffalo (New York) as an architectural museum]: Half-timber in a variety of North American revival styles
*[http://www.germany-tourism.de/e/5496.html The German half-timber route:] where to find half-timbered village and town houses in Germany (map)
[[fr:Colombage]]
[[Category:medieval architecture]]
| 