Władysław Reymont and List of botanical gardens: Difference between pages

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A '''botanical garden''' is a place where [[plant]]s, especially [[fern]]s, [[conifer]]s and [[flowering]] plants, are grown and displayed for the purposes of [[research]] and [[education]]. This distinguishes them from parks and pleasure gardens where plants, usually with showy flowers, are grown for public amenity only. [[Botanical garden]]s that specialize in trees are sometimes referred to as [[arboretum]]s. They are occasionally associated with [[zoo]]s.

[[Image:Wladyslaw_Reymont.jpg|thumb|right|Władysław Stanisław Reymont]]

'''Władysław Stanisław Reymont''' ([[May 7]] [[1867]] - [[December 5]] [[1925]]) (the actual name was Rejment) was a [[Poland|Polish]] [[writer]] who won the [[Nobel Prize for Literature]] in [[1924]].

(At the time [[Stefan Zeromski|Stefan Żeromski]] was considered a better candidate from Polish literature. However, Żeromski was refused as allegedly anti-[[Germany|German]].)

{{TOCright}}

[[7 may]] [[1867]] - [[5 december]] [[1925]] The baptism certificate of the future author of Chłopi ("Peasants") indicates that his real surname was Rejment. The change was "ordered" by himself during his debut, as it was supposed to protect him in the [[Russia|Russian]]-annexed area from any trouble for having published in Galicia a work which would not be allowed under the [[Tsar]]'s censorship. Kazimierz Wyka, an enthusiast of Reymont's work, surmises that the correction could have been meant also to wipe out any association with the word rejmentować which in Polish local dialects means "to swear".

The earliest botanical gardens were founded in the late [[Renaissance]] at the [[University of Pisa]] (1543) and the [[University of Padua]] ([[1545]]) in [[Italy]], for the study and teaching of medical botany. Many Universities today have botanical gardens for student teaching and academic research, e.g. the [[Arnold Arboretum]] of Harvard University, the [[Bonn University Botanic Garden]], [[Bonn]], the [[Cambridge University Botanic Garden]], [[Cambridge]], [[England]], the [[Hortus Botanicus Leiden|Hortus Botanicus]] of [[Leiden]], [[Netherlands]], [[Kraus Preserve of Ohio Wesleyan University|Kraus Preserve]] of [[Ohio Wesleyan University]].

This page lists important botanical gardens throughout the world:

He was born in the village of [[Kobiele Wielkie]], near [[Radomsko]] as one of nine children of Józef Rejment, an organist. He spent his childhood in [[Tuszyn]] near [[Lodz|Łódż]], after his father moved there to work in a richer parish. He was defiantly stubborn, so after a few years of education in the local school he was sent by his father to [[Warsaw]] into the care of his eldest sister and her husband to teach him his vocation. In [[1885]], after passing his examinations and presenting "a tail-coat, well-made", he was given the title of journeyman tailor - the only formal certificate of his education.

==[[Argentina]]==

To his family's annoyance, he did not work a single day in this profession. He ran away to a travelling theatre playing in the province, and in the summer in the "garden theatres" of [[Warsaw]]. Without a penny to his name he returned to [[Tuszyn]] after a year and, thanks to his father's connections, took up the post of a gateman at a railway crossing near [[Koluszki]] for 16 roubles a month. He escaped twice more: in [[1888]] to [[Paris]] and [[London]] as a medium with a [[Germany|German]] spiritualist, and then again to a theatre troupe. After his lack of success (he was not a talented actor), he returned (his longest stay was in [[Krosnowa]] near [[Lipce]] village) and thought of various projects, e.g. joining the [[Pauline Order]] in [[Czestochowa|Częstochowa]].

* [[Administración de Parques Nacionales]]

* [[Arboretum Guaycolec y Arboretum de la Facultad de Recursos Naturales]]

* [[Asociación Civil Los Algarrobos]]

* [[Bosque Autóctono "El Espinal"]]

* [[Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones]]

* [[Fundación Cultural Argentino Japonesa]]

* [[Jardín Agrobotánico de Santa Catalina]]

* [[Jardín Biológico de América]]

* [[Jardín Botánico "Arturo E. Ragonese"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico "Carlos Thays"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de Chacras de Coria]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de Córdoba]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de la Ciudad de Corrientes]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de la Facultad de Agronomía de Azul]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de Esperanza]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de la Facultad de Ciencias Forestales de la U.N.S.E.]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de la Fundación Miguel Lillo]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de la Patagonia Extra-andina]]

* [[Jardín Botánico "Dr Miguel J Culaciati"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico "El Viejo Molino"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico EMETA Chamical]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Ezeiza]]

* [[Jardín Botánico "Gaspar Xuarez", Universidad Católica de Córdoba]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Municipal de San Carlos Centro]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Municipal y Area de Emprendimientos Productivos]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Oro Verde]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Pillahuincó]]

* [[Jardín Botánico "Tierra del Sur"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Universidad Nacional de San Luis]]

* [[Jardín de Aclimatación del Arido Patagónico]]

* [[Jardin de Cactus Catamarca]]

* [[Museo de Ciencias Naturales "Augusto G Schulz"]]

* [[Red Argentina de Jardines Botánicos]]

==[[Australia]]==

When his Korespondencje ("Correspondence") from [[Rogowo]], [[Koluszki]] and [[Skierniewice]] was accepted for publication by Głos ("The Voice") in [[Warsaw]] in [[1892]], he gave up his job. He went to Warsaw with a few roubles in his pocket and a packet of short stories. With a sense of enterprise so characteristic of him and the ability to understand others, he visited the editorial offices of various newspapers and magazines and met writers who became interested in his inborn talent. On A. Świętochowski's advice, he went on a pilgrimage to Częstochowa in [[1894]] with a crowd of pilgrims and wrote a report about it, seen even today as a classic example of reportage.

* [[The Australian Arid Lands Botanic Garden]] - [[Port Augusta, South Australia|Port Augusta West]], [[South Australia]]

* [[The Australian Inland Botanic Gardens]] - [[Buronga]], [[New South Wales]]

* [[Australian National Botanic Gardens|The Australian National Botanic Gardens]], [[Canberra]], [[Australian Capital Territory]]

* [[Ballarat Botanical Gardens]] - [[Ballarat, Victoria|Ballarat]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]

* [[Bendigo Botanic Gardens]] - [[Bendigo]], [[Victoria (Australia), Victoria]]

* [[Booderee National Park and Botanic Gardens]] (formerly Jervis Bay Botanic Gardens) - [[New South Wales]]

* [[Adelaide Botanic Gardens]] - [[Adelaide]], [[South Australia]]

* [[Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mount Coot-tha]] - [[Brisbane]], [[Queensland]]

* [[Brisbane City Botanic Gardens]] - [[Brisbane]], [[Queensland]]

* [[Castlemaine Botanic Gardens]] - [[Castlemaine, Victoria|Castlemaine]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]

* [[Coffs Harbour Regional Botanic Garden]] - [[Coffs Harbour, New South Wales|Coffs Harbour]], [[New South Wales]]

* [[Flecker Botanical Gardens]] - [[Cairns, Queensland|Cairns]], [[Queensland]]

* [[Fruit Spirit Botanical Garden]] - [[Dorroughby]], [[New South Wales]]

* [[Geelong Botanic Gardens]] - [[Geelong, Victoria|Geelong]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]

* [[Hunter Region Botanic Gardens]] - [[New South Wales]]

* [[Maranoa Gardens]] - [[Balwyn, Victoria|Balwyn]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]

* [[Mount Annan Botanic Garden ]] - [[New South Wales]]

* [[Mount Lofty Botanic Garden]] - [[Adelaide]], [[South Australia]]

* [[Olive Pink Botanic Garden ]] - [[Alice Springs]], [[Northern Territory]]

* [[Rockhampton Botanic Gardens]] - [[Rockhampton, Queensland|Rockhampton]], [[Queensland]]

* [[Rosser Park Regional Botanic Gardens]] - [[Gold Coast, Queensland|Gold Coast]], [[Queensland]]

* [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Cranbourne|Royal Botanic Gardens]] - [[Cranbourne, Victoria|Cranbourne]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]

* [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne|Royal Botanic Gardens]] - [[Melbourne]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]

* [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney|Royal Botanic Gardens]] - [[Sydney]], [[New South Wales]]

* [[Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens]] - [[Hobart, Tasmania|Hobart]], [[Tasmania (Australia)|Tasmania]]

* [[St Kilda Botanic Gardens]] - [[Melbourne]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]

* [[The Tasmanian Arboretum]] - [[Devonport, Tasmania]], [[Australia]]

* [[Wagga Wagga Botanic Gardens]] - [[Wagga Wagga, New South Wales|Wagga Wagga]], [[New South Wales]]

* [[Warrnambool Botanic Gardens]] - [[Warrnambool, Victoria|Warrnambool]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]

* [[Western Australian Botanic Garden]], [[Perth, Western Australia|Perth]], [[Western Australia]]

* [[Williamstown Botanic Gardens]] - [[Williamstown, Victoria|Williamstown]], [[Victoria (Australia), Victoria]]

==[[Austria]]==

Together with this work, he sent his short stories over to different magazines, and encouraged by good criticism decided to write novels - Komediantka ("The Deceiver") ([[1895]]) and Fermenty ("Ferments") ([[1896]]). No longer poor, he satisfied his passion for travel. He visited [[Berlin]], [[London]], [[Paris]], [[Italy]]. Then, he spent a few months in Łódź collecting material for a new novel ordered by the Kurier Codzienny ("The Daily Courier") from [[Warsaw]]. The earnings from this book - Ziemia obiecana ("The Promised Land") ([[1897]]) enabled him to go on his next trip to [[France]], where he mostly met Polish people ([[Jan Lorentowicz]], [[Stefan Zeromski|Żeromski]], Przybyszewski, Rydel, etc.). His earnings did not allow for that kind of life of travel, however in [[1900]] he was awarded 40,000 roubles in compensation from the Warsaw-[[Vienna]] Railway after an accident in which Reymont, as a passenger, was severely injured. During the treatment he was looked after by Aurelia Szacnajder Szabłowska, whom he married in [[1902]], having first paid for the annulment of her earlier marriage. Thanks to her discipline, he restrained his travel-mania somewhat, but never gave up either his stays in France (where until [[1908]] he was working on Chłopi which he had begun in [[1901]]) or in [[Zakopane]], or his journey to the [[USA]] in [[1919]] at the Polish government's expense and his stay among the Polish people there. Despite his ambitions to become a landowner (an unsuccessful attempt to manage an estate bought in [[1912]] near [[Sieradz]]), it was not for him. He bought a village [[Kołaczkowo]] near [[Poznan|Poznań]]; in [[1920]], but spent his winters in [[Warsaw]] or in [[France]].

* [[Alpengarten Patscherkofel Universität Innsbruck]] - [[Innsbruck]]

* [[Botanischer Garten der Universität Innsbruck]] - [[Innsbruck]]

* [[Botanischer Garten der Stadt Linz]] - [[Linz]]

* [[Vienna Botanic Gardens]] - University of Vienna

==[[Belgium]]==

In November [[1924]] he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize for Literature]]. His rivals were T. Mann, M. Gorki and T. Hardy. Polish public opinion counted on the award for Żeromski, but the prize for the author of Chłopi was welcomed as an appropraite decision as well. He could not take part in the ceremony in [[Sweden]] due to his heart illness. The certificate and a cheque for 116,718 Swedish kroner were sent to France where he was being treated. In [[1925]], when his heart recovered somewhat, he went to a farmers' meeting in [[Wierzchosławice]] near [[Kraków]], where [[Wincenty Witos]] welcomed him as a member of PSL "Piast" (the Polish Peasant Party) and praised his writing skills. Soon after that event, Reymont's health deteriorated. He died in Warsaw and was buried in the [[Powazki Cemetery|Powązki Cemetery]]. The urn with his heart was laid in one of the pillars of the Holy Cross Church.

* [[Antwerp Botanic Garden]]

* [[National Botanic Garden of Belgium]] - [[Meise]]

* [[Arboretum Kalmthout]] - [[Kalmthout]] [http://www.arboretumkalmthout.be/frameset.htm]

* [[Hortus Botanicus Lovaniensis]] - [[Leuven]]

* [[Bokrijk Arboretum]]

* [[Arboretum Provinciaal Domein Het Leen]]

* [[Ghent University Botanic Garden]] [http://www.plantentuin.ugent.be]

==[[Bermuda]]==

Reymont's literary output includes about 30 extensive volumes of prose. There are works of reportage: Pielgrzymka do Jasnej Góry ("Pilgrimage to Jasna Góra") ([[1894]]), Z ziemi chełmskiej ("From the Chełm Lands") ([[1910]] - about the persecutions of the Uniates), Z konstytucyjnych dni ("From the Days of the Constitution") (about the revolution of 1905) and some sketches from the collection Za frontem ("Beyond the Front") ([[1919]]). There are numerous short stories on life in the theatre, village life or work on the railway: Śmierć ("Death") ([[1893]]), Suka ("Bitch") ([[1894]]), Przy robocie ("At Work") and W porębie ("In the Clearing") ([[1895]]), Tomek Baran ([[1897]]), Sprawiedliwie ("Justly") ([[1899]]) and a sketch for a novel Marzyciel ("Dreamer") ([[1908]]). Then there are the novels: Komediantka, Fermenty, Ziemia obiecana, Chłopi, Wampir ("The Vampire") ([[1911]]), which was sceptically received by the critics, and a trilogy written in the years [[1911]]-'''1917''': Rok 1794 ("1794") (Ostatni Sejm Rzeczypospolitej, Nil desperandum and Insurekcja) ("The Last Parliament of the Commonwealth", "Nil desperandum" and "Insurrection"). The critics admit a certain number of similarities between this writing and the writings of the Naturalists, but they stress that it was not a "borrowed" Naturalism, but a record of life as experienced by the writer himself. Moreover, Reymont never formulated any aesthetics of his writing. In that, he was just like other self-taught geniuses, such as [[Mikolaj Rej|Mikołaj Rej]] or [[Aleksander Fredro]]. With no philosophical education and not being able to read in foreign languages, he avoided any statements that could incline anyone to accuse him of incompetence. He realised that his knowledge of reality was his strong point, not the theory of literature. His ability to remember details was often humorously tested, and he always won. In all his great works the essence of life was head and shoulders above the ideological ambitions of his advisers (like the political leaders of the National Democracy party).

* [[Bermuda Botanical Gardens]]. Hamilton, [[Bermuda]]

==[[Belarus]]==

Komendiantka creates the picture of the drama of a rebellious girl from the provinces, who, in a travelling theatre troupe, instead of asylum from the lies of her own surroundings, finds a nest of intrigues and sham. In Fermenty, a sequel to Komediantka, the heroine, rescued after an unsuccessful attempt to kill herself, returns to her family and accepts the burden of existence. Aware of the fact that dreams and ideas do not come true, she marries a nouveau riche who is in love with her. Ziemia obiecana, next to Chłopi Reymont's best novel, is a social panorama of Łódź, full of drastic detail, presented as an arena of the struggle for survival. The success of some means trampling on others. The city destroys those who accept the rules of the rat race, as well as those who do not. The moral gangrene affects equally [[Germans]], [[Jews]] and [[Poles]]. This dark vision of cynicism, the bestial qualities of men and the law of the jungle, where ethics, noble ideas and holy feelings turn against those who believe in them, are, as the author intended, at the same time a denunciation of industrialisation and urbanisation.

* [[Central Botanical Garden of NAS of Belarus]]

[http://hbc.bas-net.by/cbg]

==[[Brazil]]==

Ziemia obiecana was translated into 15 languages and had two film adaptations; one directed in [[1927]] by A.Węgierski and A. Hertz and the other in [[1975]] by [[Andrzej Wajda]].

* [[Instituto Plantarum]] - [[São Paulo]]

* [[Fundação Zoobotânica]] - [[Porto Alegre]]

* [[Jardim Botânico de Curitiba]] - [[Curitiba]]

* [[Jardim Botânico de São Paulo]] - [[São Paulo]]

* [[Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro]] - [[Rio de Janeiro]]

* [[Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Jardim Botânico]] - [[Campinas]]

==[[Canada]]==

In Chłopi, an unquestionable masterpiece, Reymont created a more complete and suggestive picture of country life than any other Polish writer. The [[novel]] impresses the reader with its authenticity of the material reality, customs, behaviour and spiritual culture of the people. It is even more authentic in that it is written in the local dialect. Not only did Reymont use dialect in dialogues but also in narration, creating a kind of a universal language of Polish peasants. Thanks to this, he presents the colourful reality of the "spoken" culture of the people better than any other author. He set the action of the novel in Lipce, a real village which he came to know during his work on the railway near Skierniewice, and restricted the time of events to ten months in the unspecified "now" of the nineteenth century. It is not history that determines the rhythm of country life, but the "unspecified time" of eternal returns. The composition of the novel astonishes the reader with its strict simplicity and functionality. What is easier than writing a novel about village life, restricting its plot to one year and one place? The titles of the various volumes signal a tetralogy in one vegetational cycle, which regulates the eternal and repeatable rhythm of village life. Parallel to that rhythm is a calendar of religion and customs, which is also repeatable. In such boundaries Reymont placed a colourful country community with clearly drawn individuals. They take part in a complicated arrangement of mutual interaction and in unexpected turns of events. The repertoire of human experience and the richness of spiritual life, which can be compared with the repertoire of [[Biblical]] books and [[Greek myths]], has nothing of doctrinal ideas or didactic exemplification. The author of Chłopi does not believe in doctrines or sophisticated talking, but in his own knowledge of life, the mentality of the people described and his sense of reality. It is easy to point to moments of [[Naturalism]] (e.g. some erotic elements) or to illustrative motives characteristic of [[Symbolism]]. It is equally easy to prove the Realistic values of the novel. None of the "isms" however, would be enough to describe the novel, as the feature of masterpieces is the ability to escape from "isms". The novel was filmed twice (directed by E. Modzelewski in [[1922]] and by J. Rybkowski in [[1973]]) and translated into 27 languages.

* See the [[List of botanical gardens in Canada]]

* [[Butchart Gardens]], [[Victoria, British Columbia]]

* [[Calgary Zoological Gardens]], [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]]

* [[Devonian Botanic Garden]], [[Edmonton, Alberta]]

* [[Jardin botanique de Montréal]], [[Montreal, Quebec]] [http://www2.ville.montreal.qc.ca/jardin/en/menu.htm]

* [[New Brunswick Botanical Garden]], [[Edmundston, New Brunswick]]

* Reford Gardens (Jardins de Métis), Grand Métis, [[Quebec]]

* [[Royal Botanical Gardens, Ontario|Royal Botanical Gardens]], [[Hamilton, Ontario]]

* Royal Roads University Botanical Gardens, [[Victoria, British Columbia|Victoria]], [[British Columbia]]

* [[UBC Botanical Garden and Centre for Plant Research]], [[Vancouver, British Columbia|Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]]

* [[VanDusen Botanical Garden]], [[Vancouver, British Columbia|Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]]

* [[Bloedel Floral Conservatory]], [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]]

* The Memorial University of Newfoundland Botanical Garden, [[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador|St. John's]], [[Newfoundland]]

==[[Chile]]==

Reymont died in [[1925]] and was interred in the [[Powazki Cemetery|Powązki Cemetery]] in [[Warsaw]].

* [[Arboretum de la Universidad Austral de Chile]]

* [[Jardin Botánico Chagual]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Nacional, Viña del Mar]]

* [[Parque Botánico Omara]]

==[[China]]==

==The most important works==

* [[Hong Kong Zoological and Botanical Gardens]], [[Hong Kong]]

*''Ziemia obiecana'' (The Promised Land)

* [[Nanjing Botanical Garden, Men. Sun Yat-Sen]], [[Nanjing]]

*''Komediantka'' (The Deceiver)

* [[Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden]], [[Yunnan]]

*''Fermenty'' (Ferments)

* [[Wuhan Botanical Garden]], [[Wuhan]]

*''Chłopi'' (The Peasants), [[Nobel Prize for Literature]] [[1924]]

* [[Beijing Botanical Garden]], [[Beijing]]

*''Rok 1794'' (1794)

* [[Lushan Botanical Garden]], [[Lushan]],[[Jiangxi]]

*''Wampir - powieść grozy''

* [[Southern China Botanical Garden]], [[Guangzhou]]

==External Links[[Colombia]]==

*[[Bogotá Botanical Garden]]

*''Dead'' http://www.gutenberg.net/etext05/8pltl10.txt

* [[Fundación Jardín Etnobotánico Villa Ludovica]]

* ''Polish Scene'' (wonderful picture of Polad dewastated by war) http://www.gutenberg.net/etext05/8pltl10.txt

* [[Jardín Botánico de Cali]]

*''Peasants'' (fragments) - http://library.thinkquest.org/11959/reymont/08chlopi.htm

* [[Jardín Botánico de San Andrés]]

* [[Jardín Botánico del Quindio]]

* [[Red Nacional de Jardines Botánicos de Colombia]]

==[[Croatia]]==

[[Category:1867 births|Reymont, Wladyslaw]]

* [[Botanical Gardens]], [[Zagreb]]

[[Category:1925 deaths|Reymont, Wladyslaw]]

[[Category:Nobel Prize in Literature winners|Reymont, Wladyslaw]]

[[Category:Polish novelists|Reymont, Wladyslaw]]

==[[Czech Republic]]==

[[de:Władysław Reymont]]

* [[Botanic Gardens Liberec]], [[Liberec]] [http://www.botanickazahradaliberec.cz site]

[[fr:Wladyslaw Reymont]]

* [[Botanic Gardens Prague]], [[Prague]] [http://www.botanicka.cz site]

[[pl:Władysław Reymont]]

==[[Denmark]]==

* [[Botanisk Have]], [[University of Copenhagen|Københavns Universitets

]], [[Copenhagen]]

==[[Ecuador]]==

* [[FundRAE - Reserva Etnobotánica Cumandá]]

==[[Estonia]]==

* [http://www.tba.ee/ Tallinna Botaanikaaed], [http://www.tba.ee/TBGeng.htm in English], [[Tallinn]]. 4500 species outdoors, 2400 species indoors.

==[[Finland]]==

* [http://www.fmnh.helsinki.fi/ktp/ Helsingin kasvitieteellinen puutarha], [http://www.fmnh.helsinki.fi/english/botanicgarden/index.htm in English], [[University of Helsinki]], [[Helsinki]]. 800+ species indoors, 2800+ species outdoors.

* [http://www.sci.utu.fi/kasvipuutarha/etusivu.htm Ruissalon kasvitieteellinen puutarha], [[University of Turku]], [[Turku]]. 5000+ species in- and outdoors.

* [http://www.oulu.fi/botgarden/ Oulun yliopiston kasvitieteellinen puutarha.], [http://www.oulu.fi/botgarden/eindex.html in English] [[University of Oulu]], [[Oulu]]. 1500 species indoors, 4000 species outdoors.

* [http://www.joensuu.fi/Botania/index.html Botania - Joensuun yliopiston kasvitieteellinen puutarha], [[University of Joensuu]], [[Joensuu]]. 900 species.

* [http://www.jyu.fi/tdk/museo/tarha.html Jyväskylän kasvitieteellinen puutarha], [http://www.jyu.fi/tdk/museo/garden.html in English], [[University of Jyväskylä]], [[Jyväskylä]].

==[[France]]==

* See the [[List of botanical gardens in France]]

* [[Jardin des Plantes]], [[Paris]]

==[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]==

* [[Bakuriani Botanical Garden]] of [[The Ketskhoveli Institute of Botany]] of the [[Georgian Academy of Sciences]]

* [[Batumi Botanical Garden]] of the [[Georgian Academy of Sciences]]

* [[Central Botanical Garden]] of the [[Georgian Academy of Sciences]] ([[Tbilisi]])

==[[Germany]]==

* [[Botanical Garden in Berlin|Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem]] - [[Berlin]] ([[Free University of Berlin]])

* [[Botanical Garden Bochum|Botanischer Garten der Ruhr-Universität]] - [[Bochum]]

* Botanischer Garten der Universität Bonn - [[Bonn]]

* Botanischer Garten der Technischen Universität Braunschweig - [[Braunschweig]]

* Botanischer Garten Darmstadt|Botanical Garden - [[Darmstadt]]

* Rombergpark - [[Dortmund]]

* Botanischer Garten am Kaiserberg - [[Duisburg]]

* Botanischer Garten Dresden - [[Dresden]]

* Botanischer Garten Düsseldorf - [[Düsseldorf]]

* Willibaldsburg - [[Eichstätt]]

* Botanischer Garten - [[Erlangen]]

* Palmengarten - [[Frankfurt am Main]]

* Botanischer Garten der Goethe-Universität]] - [[Frankfurt am Main]]

* Botanischer Garten Halle - [[Halle]]

* [[Klein Flottbek|Botanical Garden]] - [[Hamburg]]

* [[Botanischer Garten Heidelberg]] of the [[University Heidelberg|Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg]] - [[Heidelberg]]

* Botanischer Garten Jena - [[Jena]]

* Alter Botanischer Garten an der Förde - [[Kiel]]

* Botanical Garden of the [[University Leipzig]] - [[Leipzig]]

* Botanical Garden Marburg - [[Marburg]]

* Bunter Garten - [[Mönchengladbach]]

* Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg and botincal Alpinum - [[München]]

* Botanischer Garten - [[Münster]]

* Rennsteiggarten - [[Oberhof, Germany|Oberhof]]

* Botanical Garden of the [[University Regensburg]] - [[Regensburg]]

* [[Wilhelma]] - [[Stuttgart]]

* Alter und Neuer Botanischer Garten - [[Tübingen]]

* Botanischer Garten - [[Wuppertal]]

==[[Honduras]]==

* [[Lancetilla Botanical Garden]], [[Tela]]

==[[Hungary]]==

* ''See [[List of botanical gardens in Hungary]]''

==[[India]]==

* [[Agri Horticultural Society of India]], Alipore, [[Kolkata]]

* [[Indian Botanical Gardens]], Shibpur, [[Kolkata]]

* [[Lalbagh]], [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]]

* [[Government Botanical Gardens, Udagamandalam]], [[Ootacamund]], [[Tamil Nadu]]

* [[Lloyd's Botanical Garden]], [[Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]]

==[[Indonesia]]==

* [[Bogor Botanical Gardens]], [[Bogor]]

* [[Cibodas Botanical Garden]], [[Cianjur]]

==[[Iran]]==

*[[Eram Botanical Garden]], [[Shiraz, Iran|Shiraz]]

*[[Jahanara Botanical Garden]], [[Tehran]]

*[[National Botanical Garden of Iran]], [[Chitgar]] area, [[Tehran]]

*[[Noshahr Botanical Garden]], [[Noshahr]]

==[[Eire|Ireland]]==

* [[Belfast Botanic Gardens]], [[Belfast]]

* [[Irish National Botanic Gardens|National Botanic Gardens]], [[Glasnevin]], [[Dublin]]

==[[Israel]]==

* [[Jerusalem Botanical Gardens]], [[Jerusalem]]

==[[Italy]]==

* See the [[List of botanical gardens in Italy]]

==[[Japan]]==

* [[Hiroshima Botanical Garden]]

* [[Kioto's Botanical Garden]] ([[w:es:Jardín Botánico de Kioto]] [[w:ja:デジタル植物園]])

==[[Latvia]]==

*[[LAS Botanical Gardens]] - [[Salaspils]]

==[[Lithuania]]==

* [[Botanical garden of Vilnius university]] - [[Vilnius]]

* [[Kairenai Botanical garden]]

==[[Malaysia]]==

* [[Rimba Ilmu Botanic Gardens]], [[Kuala Lumpur]]

==[[Mauritius]]==

* [[Pamplemousse Botanic Gardens]]

==[[México]]==

* [[Alta Cima Botanical Garden]]

* [[Asociación Mexicana de Jardines Botánicos]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Campo Experimental "Todos Santos"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Conunitario]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de Acapulco]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de Ciceana]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de la FES, Cuautitlán-UNAM]]

* [[Jardín Botánico del Instituto de Biología (UNAM)]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango]]

* [[Jardín Botánico "Dr Alferdo Barrera Marín"]]

* [[Jardin Botánico "El Charco del Ingenio"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Francisco Javier Clavijero]]

* [[Jardín Botánico "Ignacio Rodríguez de Alconedo"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico "Jerzy Rzedowski Rotter"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Regional "Cassiano Conzatti" de CIIDIR-IPN-Oaxaca]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Regional de Cadereyta "Ing. Manuel González de Cosío"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Regional "El Soconusco"]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Regional Xiitbal nek']]

* [[Jardín Botánico "Rey Netzahualcóyotl"]]

* [[Jardín Etnobotánico 'Francisco Peláez R']]

* [[Jardín Etnobótanico Museo de Medicina Tradicional y Herbolaria del INAH]]

* [[Jardín Etnobotánico Tzapoteca]]

* [[Proyecto Jardín Botánico del Desierto Chihuahuense]]

==[[Monaco]]==

*[[Jardin Exotique de Monaco]]

==[[Myanmar]]==

* [[Kandawgyi National Garden|National Botanical Gardens]], [[Pyin U Lwin]], [[Mandalay Division]]

==[[Netherlands]]==

* [[Botanical and Experimental Garden of the Radboud University of Nijmegen]]

* [[De Botanische Tuinen Universiteit Utrecht]], [[Utrecht (city)|Utrecht]]

* [[Hortus Botanicus (Amsterdam)]]

* [[Hortus Botanicus Leiden]]

* [[Botanische Tuin TU Delft]]

==[[New Zealand]]==

* [[Christchurch Botanic Gardens]], [[Christchurch]]

* [[Dunedin Botanic Gardens]], [[Dunedin]]

* [[Oamaru Botanic Gardens]], [[Oamaru]]

* [[Otari-Wilton's Bush ]], [[Wellington]]

* [[Wellington Botanic Gardens]], [[Wellington]]

==[[North Korea]] (see [[Kimjongilia]])==

* [[Korean Central Botanical Garden]]

==[[Norway]]==

* [[Arboretet og Botanisk hage]][http://www.uib.no/arboretet/], [[Milde]], [[Bergen]]

* [[Botanisk hage]], [[Tøyen]], [[Oslo]]

* [http://www.ringve.com/english/botanical.html Ringve botanical garden], [[Trondheim]]

* [http://uit.no/botanisk/ Tromsø Botaniske Hage], [[Tromsø]], [[Norway]]

==[[Peru]]==

* [[Jardín Etnobotánico Nugkui]]

* [[Jardín Etnobotánico Pisaq]]

==[[Poland]]==

*[[Ogród Botaniczny w Bydgoszczy]], [[Bydgoszcz]]

*[[Ogród Botaniczny w Oliwie]], [[Gdańsk]]

*[[Ogród Botaniczny w Krakowie]], [[Kraków]]

*[[Ogród Botaniczny w Łodzi]], [[Łódź]]

*[[Ogród Botaniczny w Lublinie]], [[Lublin]]

*[[Ogród Botaniczny UW w Warszawie]], [[Warsaw]]

*[[Ogród Botaniczny PAN w Warszawie]], [[Warsaw]]

*[[Ogród Botaniczny we Wrocławiu]], [[Wrocław]]

*[[Ogród Botaniczny w Zakopanem]], [[Zakopane]]

*[[Ogród Botaniczny w Poznaniu]], [[Poznań]]

==[[Portugal]]==

* [[Botanical Garden of the University of Coimbra]], [[Coimbra]]

* [[Madeira botanical Garden]], [[Madeira]], [http://www.sra.pt website]

==[[Romania]]==

*[[Botanical Garden of Bucharest]] [http://www.ici.ro/romania/ro/bucuresti/bu_botanica.html] [http://www.onlinegallery.ro/gradina_bot_bucuresti.html]

*[[Cluj-Napoca Botanical Garden]]

*[[Arad Botanical Garden]] [http://www.uvvg.ro/uvvg/index.php?id=4&dep=7]

*[[Eutopia Gardens - Arad]] [http://www.eutopiagardens.org/eg_zoneverzi/zonaverde.php?element_id=1&cp=1]

*[[Târgu-Mureş Botanical Garden]]

*[[Iaşi Botanical Garden]] [http://botanica.uaic.ro/]

*[[Jibou Botanical Garden]] [http://www.bilet.go.ro/fati04ro.htm]

*[[Galaţi Botanical Garden]]

*[[Craiova Botanical Garden]]

==[[Russia]]==

* [[The Botanic Garden of the Irkutsk State University]][http://bogard.isu.ru/indexe.htm][http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/01907/botan.htm]

* [[Botanical Garden of Academy of Sciences]], [[Moscow]]

* [[Botanical Garden of Moscow State University]], [[Moscow]]

* [[Taganrog State Botanical Garden]], [[Taganrog]]

* [[List of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta of Russia]][http://www.caspianenvironment.org/biodiversity/rus/annex7.htm]

==[[Serbia]]==

* [[Jevremovac|Botanical Garden Jevremovac]], [[Belgrade]]

==[[Singapore]]==

* [[Singapore Botanic Gardens]]

==[[Slovenia]]==

* [http://www.botanicni-vrt.si Ljubljana Botanical garden]

==[[South Africa]]==

* [[Johannesburg Botanic Garden]] - [[Johannesburg]]

* [[Kirstenbosch|Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden]]- [[Cape Town]]

* [[Pietermaritzburg National Botanical Garden]] - [[Pietermaritzburg]]

* [[Pretoria National Botanical Garden]] - [[Pretoria]]

* [[University of KwaZulu Natal]] [[University of KwaZulu Natal Botanical Garden|Botanical Garden]]

==[[Spain]]==

* [[Parque de la Florida]] [[Álava]], [[Vitoria]]

* [[Arboretum La Alfaguara]] [[Alfacar]], [[Granada]]

* [[El Huerto del Cura]] [[Alicante]], [[Elche]]

* [[Cactuslandia]] [[Alicante]]

* [[Jardín Botánico del Albardinar]], [[Níjar]], [[Almería (province)|Almería]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Atlántico]] [[Asturias]], [[Gijón]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de Barcelona]] (''Jardí Botànic de Barcelona'') [[Barcelona]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de Coria]] [[Cáceres]], [[Coria]]

* [[Jardín Botánico El Castillejo]], [[Cádiz]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Viera y Clavijo]] [[Canarias]], [[Las Palmas]]

* [[El Palmetum de Santa Cruz]] [[Canarias]], [[Santa Cruz de Tenerife]]

* [[Jardín de Aclimatación de la Orotava]] [[Canarias]], [[Puerto de la Cruz]]

* [[Cactus Park]] [[Canarias]], [[Tenerife]]

* [[Jardín de Cactus Guatiza - Teguise]] [[Canarias]], [[Lanzarote]]

* [[Zoo Botánico de Jerez]] [[Cádiz]], [[Jerez de la Frontera]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de Córdoba]] [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Marimurtra]] [[Gerona]], [[Blanes]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Pinya de Rosa]] [[Gerona]], [[Blanes]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de la Cortijuela]], [[Granada]]

* [[El Jardín Botánico Iturrarán]] [[Guipúzcoa]]

* [[Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid]] [[Madrid]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Juan Carlos I, Universidad de Alcalá]] [[Madrid]], [[Alcalá de Henares]]

* [[Jardín Botánico-Histórico la Concepción]] [[Málaga]]

* [[Jardín Botánico Mundani]], [[Mallorca]]

* [[El Jardín Botánico del Malecón]] [[Murcia]]

* [[El Arboreto Carambolo]] [[Sevilla]]

* [[Zoo de Matapozuelos]], [[Valladolid]]

* [[Jardín Botánico de Soller]] (''Jardí Botànic de Sóller'')

* [[Jardín botánico de Valencia|Jardín Botánico de Valencia]] (''Jardí Botànic de Valencia'')[[Valencia (city in Spain)|Valencia]]

==[[Sri Lanka]]==

* [[Royal Botanic Gardens (Sri Lanka)]], [[Peradeniya]], [[Kandy]]

==[[Sweden]]==

* [[Bergianska trädgården]] [http://www.bergianska.se/ ], [[University of Stockholm]], [[Stockholm]]. 9000 species.

* [[Göteborg Botanical Garden]], [http://w3.goteborg.se/botaniska/engelska/english_start.html homepage info in English], [[Gothenburg]]. 16000 species outdoors, 4000 species indoors.

* [http://www.botan.uu.se/ Botaniska trädgården Uppsala universitet], [http://www.botan.uu.se/Botaneng.html in English], [[Uppsala University]], [[Uppsala]]. 13000 species.

* [[Linnaean Garden]] [http://www.linnaeus.uu.se/], [http://www.linnaeus.uu.se/LTeng.html in English], [[Uppsala]].

* [http://www.lu.se/o.o.i.s/656 Lunds botaniska trädgård], [[Lund University]], [[Lund]]. 7000 species outdoors, 2000 species indoors.

==[[Switzerland]]==

* [[Botanical Garden of the University of Basel]], [[Basel]]

* [[Berne Botanical Garden]], [[Bern]]

* [[Alpine botanical garden]], [[Champex]]

* [[Botanical Garden Schatzalp]], [[Davos]]

* [[Botanical Garden of the University of Fribourg]], [[Fribourg]]

* [[Geneva Conservatory and Botanical Gardens]], [[Geneva]]

* [[Jardin Botanique Cantonal Lausanne]], [[Lausanne]]

* [[Botanical Garden of the University and City of Neuchâtel]], [[Neuchâtel]]

* [[Botanical Garden St. Gallen]], [[St. Gallen]]

* [[Botanical Garden of the University of Zurich]], [[Zürich]]

==[[Tahiti]]==

* [[Jardin Botanique]] - [[Papeete]]

==[[Taiwan]]==

* [[Taipei Botanical Garden]], [[Taipei]]

==[[Tonga]]==

* [['Ene'io Botanical Garden]] - [[Vava'u]]

==[[Thailand]]==

* [[Nong Nooch Tropical Garden]]

* [[Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden]] - [[Chiangmai]]

==[[Trinidad and Tobago]]==

* [[Scarborough Botanic Gardens]] - Tobago

* [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Trinidad]] -Port of Spain, Trinidad

==[[Ukraine]]==

* [[Kiev Botanical Garden]]

* [[Nikitskiy Botanical Garden]], [[Crimea]]

==[[United Kingdom]]==

* See [[List of botanical gardens in the United Kingdom|separate list]]

==[[United States]]==

* See the [[List of botanical gardens in the United States]]

== See also ==

* [[List of aquaria]]

* [[List of zoos]]

==External links==

* [http://www.bgci.org/garden_search.php Botanic Garden Conservation International's Garden Search Database]

* http://www.botanique.com/

* http://dmoz.org/Science/Institutions/Botanical_Gardens_and_Arboreta/

* http://www.ftg.org

* http://www.usbg.gov

*[http://www.gardenvisit.com/m/ekey.htm World garden finder]

[[Category:Botanical gardens| ]]

[[de:Liste botanischer Gärten]]

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[[fr:Liste des jardins botaniques]]

[[ro:Lista grădinilor botanice]]