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A '''spectrum disorder''' in [[psychiatry]] or [[clinical psychology]] is a [[mental disorder]] thought to consist of [[subtypes]], particularly when including subtypes that don't meet official cut-off criteria but which are nevertheless associated with clinically significant abnormality, distress and/or dysfunction. This classification scheme contrasts with, or is sometimes a way of extending, a [[categorical]] diagnostic system. It may involve re-assigning certain disorders as being subtypes of another over-arching spectrum disorder. It also compares to a [[continuum]] model, which sees a seamless range of problems merging in to normal variation, rather than a range of distinct subtypes.
Generally speaking, a '''trio''' or '''threesome''' is a group of three.
The widely-used [[DSM]] and [[ICD]] manuals are generally limited to categorical diagnoses, although currently recognize [[schizotypal personality]] (subtype of [[schizophrenia]]), [[dysthymia]] (subtype of [[clinical depression]]), and [[cyclothymia]] (subtype of [[bipolar disorder]]]]. A number of disorders are increasingly referred to as spectrums, notably [[Autistic Spectrum Disorder]], [[Bipolar Spectrum Disorder]], [[Clinical Depression]], [[Social Anxiety Disorder]], [[Panic Disorder]], [[Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder]], [[Posttraumatic Stress Disorder]] and [[Schizophrenia]] including [[Schizotypal Personality Disorder]].
The word is most often used in [[music]] to refer to a group of three [[musician]]s. For example, a group of three singers would be called a trio.
== References ==
The word is also used in [[chamber music]] to mean a grouping of three instrumentalists or any piece written for such a grouping. The most common forms of trio in [[european classical music|classical music]] are the [[piano trio]] ([[piano]], [[violin]] and [[cello]]) and the [[string trio]] (violin, [[viola]] and cello).
* [http://psych.theclinics.com/issues/contents?volume=25&issue=4 Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 2002] Special Edition on Spectrum Disorders (Vol. 25, Issue 4
In [[rock music]] an ensemble of [[electric guitar]], [[bass guitar|electric bass guitar]], and [[drum kit]] is known as a [[power trio]].
* [http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/bps/article/PIIS0006322300008313/abstract O. Joseph Bienvenu , Jack F. Samuels , Mark A. Riddle , Rudolf Hoehn-Saric , Kung-Yee Liang , Bernadette A.M. Cullen , Marco A. Grados and Gerald Nestadt (2000)] The relationship of obsessive–compulsive disorder to possible spectrum disorders: results from a family study. ''Biological Psychiatry'' Volume 48, Issue 4, Pages 287-293
Another use of the word in music is to refer to the middle, contrasting section of a piece in [[ternary form]]. This usage gives rise to the "[[minuet]] and trio" (or the "[[scherzo]] and trio") which often appears as the third movement in a [[symphony]], [[sonata (music)|sonata]] or similar work.
* [http://www.webmd.com/hw/health_guide_atoz/aa48138.asp List of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders from WebMD]]
The trio is also the third section of a march in [[march (music)|march music]].
==Other meanings==
* [[Triad (disambiguation)]], a group of three companies or underworld gangs may be called a triad
* [[Triplets]], three humans sharing the same [[gestation|gestational]] period are called triplets and are usually all born within a short period of time.
* [[Ménage à trois]] or threesome, sexual relationship or a sex act involving three people.
* [[Trio (band)]], a [[Germany|German]] [[pop music|pop]] [[musical band]] who wrote "[[Da da da]]".
* [[Trio channel]], a former [[United States|American]] cable and satellite [[television network]] that was discontinued on [[New Year's Day]] [[2006]]; the cable channel was replaced by [[Sleuth (TV)|Sleuth]], while Trio will continue as an online [[IPTV]] channel.
* [[Threesome (movie)]], a [[1990s]] film starring [[Stephen Baldwin]], [[Josh Charles]] and [[Alexis Arquette]].
* [[Trio (album)]] is a [[1987]] recording by [[Dolly Parton]], [[Emmylou Harris]] and [[Linda Ronstadt]].
==See also==
* [[List of famous trinities, trios, triplets, or threesomes]]
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