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{{Short description|American transportation technology company}}
{{Distinguish|Hyperloop Transportation Technologies}}
{{
{{Infobox company
| name
| former_name = {{unbulleted
| Hyperloop Technologies (2014–2016) | | | Virgin Hyperloop (2020–2022)
}}
|
| image = Virgin Hyperloop One XP-1 pod at night.jpg
| image_caption = Hyperloop One XP-1 pod on display
| type = [[Privately held company|Private]]
| location_city = [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], [[United States|U.S.]]
| foundation
|defunct = {{End date and age|2023|12|31}}
| founders = {{unbulleted list
| [[Brogan BamBrogan]]
| [[Shervin Pishevar]]
}}
| homepage =
| key_people = {{unbulleted list
| [[Sultan Ahmed bin Sulayem]] (Chairman)
| Raja Narayanan (Interim CEO)
}}
| industry = [[Transportation engineering|Transportation Technology]]
| products =
| num_employees =
}}
'''
Hyperloop systems were intended to move cargo and passengers at airline speeds but at a fraction of the cost. They were designed to run suspended by magnetic systems in a partially-evacuated tube.<ref name="Vac Train">{{cite web |title=History of the Hyperloop and pneumatic tubes as transportation |last=Garfield |first=Leanna |date=20 February 2018 |publisher=Business Insider |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/history-hyperloop-pneumatic-tubes-as-transportation-2017-8#in-1910-american-rocket-pioneer-robert-goddard-designed-a-train-that-would-go-from-boston-to-new-york-in-just-12-minutes-though-it-was-never-built-it-wouldve-floated-on-magnets-inside-a-vacuum-sealed-tunnel-6 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200525095147/https://www.businessinsider.com/history-hyperloop-pneumatic-tubes-as-transportation-2017-8#in-1910-american-rocket-pioneer-robert-goddard-designed-a-train-that-would-go-from-boston-to-new-york-in-just-12-minutes-though-it-was-never-built-it-wouldve-floated-on-magnets-inside-a-vacuum-sealed-tunnel-6 |archive-date=May 25, 2020}}</ref> The original Hyperloop concept
On November 8, 2020, after more than 400 uncrewed tests, the firm conducted the first human trial at a speed of {{convert|172|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} at its test site in Las Vegas, Nevada.<ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=Virgin Hyperloop hosts first human ride on new transport system |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=9 November 2020 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/international-business/virgin-hyperloop-hosts-first-human-ride-on-new-transport-system/articleshow/79120791.cms |access-date=10 November 2020}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite web |title=First Manned 'Hyperloop Technology' Test in Las Vegas |date=9 November 2020 |url=https://www.railwayage.com/passenger/high-performance/first-manned-hyperloop-technology-test-in-las-vegas/ |access-date=15 January 2021}}</ref> However, in February 2022, the company abandoned plans for human rated travel and instead focused on freight, laying off more than 100 employees amounting to half its total workforce.<ref>Yoonji Han (Feb 21, 2022), [https://www.businessinsider.com/virgin-hyperloop-layoffs-passenger-travel-cargo-transport-2022-2 "Virgin Hyperloop lays off half of its employees as it pivots away from passenger travel"], ''Business Insider''</ref><ref>(February 21, 2022), [https://thenyledger.com/companies/virgin-hyperloop-axes-half-its-staff-in-focus-on-freight/ "Virgin Hyperloop axes half its staff in focus on freight"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228100931/https://thenyledger.com/companies/virgin-hyperloop-axes-half-its-staff-in-focus-on-freight/ |date=February 28, 2022}}, ''The New York Ledger''</ref> In November of that year the company decided to rebrand, reverting to the name, Hyperloop One.<ref>{{cite web |title=Virgin pulls its name from Hyperloop One |work=Engadget |date=November 4, 2022 |url=https://www.engadget.com/virgin-hyperloop-one-name-change-221202324.html |access-date=November 6, 2022}}</ref>
It was announced on December 21, 2023 that the company would cease operations on December 31, 2023, due to a number of factors including financial challenges, high interest rates, initial backing and support,<ref>{{cite web |last=O'Kane |first=Sean |date=2023-12-21 |title=Hyperloop One is reportedly shutting down |website=TechCrunch |language=en-US |url=https://techcrunch.com/2023/12/21/hyperloop-one-shutting-down/ |access-date=2023-12-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Virgin's Hyperloop Venture Collapses Amid Financial Struggles |website=OilPrice.com |language=en |url=https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Virgins-Hyperloop-Venture-Collapses-Amid-Financial-Struggles.html |access-date=2023-12-27}}</ref> as well as to its failure to secure any contracts for building a working hyperloop system; it began selling its assets and laying off remaining employees.<ref>{{cite news |last=McBride |first=Sarah |date=2023-12-21 |title=Hyperloop One to Shut Down After Failing to Reinvent Transit |language=en |publisher=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-12-21/hyperloop-one-to-shut-down-after-raising-millions-to-reinvent-transit |access-date=2023-12-21}}</ref> According to The Verge, all of its intellectual property would shift to its majority stakeholder, major Dubai port operator [[DP World]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hawkins |first=Andrew J. |date=2023-12-21 |title=The hyperloop is dead for real this time |url=https://www.theverge.com/2023/12/21/24011448/hyperloop-one-shut-down-layoff-closing-elon-musk |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=The Verge |language=en}}</ref>
==History==
===Origins===
[[File:Hyperloop Technologies logo.png|thumb|Hyperloop Technologies logo (2014–2016)]]
[[File:Hyperloop One Logo.png|thumb|Hyperloop One logo (2016–2017)]]
[[File:Virgin Hyperloop One Logo.png|thumb|Virgin Hyperloop One logo (2017–2020)]]
The idea of trains in vacuum has been elaborated many times in history of science and science-fiction.<ref>{{cite news |work=Business Insider |date=February 20, 2018 |title=15 remarkable images that show the 200-year evolution of the Hyperloop |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/history-hyperloop-pneumatic-tubes-as-transportation-2017-8 |access-date=November 9, 2020
The recent plans for a version of vacuum train called Hyperloop emerged from a conversation between [[Elon Musk]] and [[Iranian American|Iranian-American]] Silicon Valley investor [[Shervin Pishevar]] when they were flying together to Cuba on a humanitarian mission in January 2012. Pishevar asked Musk to elaborate on his hyperloop idea, which the industrialist had been mulling over for some time. Pishevar suggested using it for cargo, an idea Musk hadn't considered, but he did say he was considering open-sourcing the concept because he was too busy running SpaceX and Tesla. Pishevar pushed Musk to publish his ideas about the hyperloop, so that Pishevar could study them.<ref>{{cite news |work=Forbes |date=February 11, 2015 |title=Hyperloop Is Real: Meet The Startups Selling Supersonic Travel |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceupbin/2015/02/11/hyperloop-is-real-meet-the-startups-selling-supersonic-travel/#3a6e0beb313c |access-date=November 14, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114211829/http://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceupbin/2015/02/11/hyperloop-is-real-meet-the-startups-selling-supersonic-travel/#3a6e0beb313c |archive-date=November 14, 2016}}</ref>
On August 12, 2013, Musk released the Hyperloop Alpha white paper,<ref>{{cite web |title=Hyperloop Alpha |url=http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/hyperloop_alpha-20130812.pdf |access-date=2013-08-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812230206/http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/hyperloop_alpha-20130812.pdf |archive-date=2013-08-12}}</ref> generating widespread attention and enthusiasm{{Citation needed|date=December 2023|reason=a claim is made about 'widespread attention and enthusiasm', which seems like it should have a source backing it up}}. In the months that followed Pishevar incorporated Hyperloop Technologies, which would later be renamed Hyperloop One, and recruited the first board members, including [[David O. Sacks]], [[Jim Messina (political staffer)|Jim Messina]], and [[Joe Lonsdale]]. Pishevar also recruited a cofounder, former SpaceX engineer Brogan Bambrogan. The firm set up shop in Bambrogan's garage in Los Angeles in November 2014. By January 2015, the firm had raised $9 million in venture capital from Pishevar's [[Sherpa Capital]] and investors such as [[Formation 8]] and [[Zhen Fund]], and was able to move into its current campus in the Los Angeles Arts District. ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine put the firm on its February 2015 cover, landing the startup many fresh recruits and much new investor interest. In June 2015, Pishevar recruited former Cisco president Rob Lloyd as an investor and, eventually, the company's CEO.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hyperloop Is Real: Meet The Startups Selling Supersonic Travel |work=[[Forbes]] |___location=US |date=February 11, 2015 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceupbin/2015/02/11/hyperloop-is-real-meet-the-startups-selling-supersonic-travel/ |access-date=November 11, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114211829/http://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceupbin/2015/02/11/hyperloop-is-real-meet-the-startups-selling-supersonic-travel/ |archive-date=November 14, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Hyperloop Technologies is trying to make Elon Musk's dream a reality |last=Singleton |first=Micah |work=The Verge |___location=US |date=February 11, 2015 |url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/2/11/8019371/hyperloop-technologies-build-elon-musk-transportation |access-date=October 25, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151210235950/http://www.theverge.com/2015/2/11/8019371/hyperloop-technologies-build-elon-musk-transportation |archive-date=December 10, 2015}}</ref>
===Funding and growth===
Between June 2015 and December 2015, the company continued to hire engineers and expand its downtown campus (now up to 75,000 square feet). In December 2015, Hyperloop Tech announced it would hold an open-air propulsion test at a new Test and Safety Site in Nevada. At the time, the company disclosed it had raised $37 million in financing to date and was completing a Series B round of $80m,<ref>{{cite news |title=Hyperloop Technologies Inc. Announces Land Deal For Propulsion Open Air Test in North Las Vegas, Nevada |work=Business Wire |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20151208006339/en |access-date=2016-11-15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116015213/http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20151208006339/en |archive-date=2016-11-16}}</ref> which they closed on in May 2016.<ref name="gizmodo"/> In October 2016, the firm announced that it had raised another $50 million, led by an investment from [[8VC]] and DP World.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hyperloop One wins backing from DP World |url=https://www.ft.com/content/9dca8f7a-9164-11e6-a72e-b428cb934b78 |access-date=2016-11-15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115193503/https://www.ft.com/content/9dca8f7a-9164-11e6-a72e-b428cb934b78 |archive-date=2016-11-15}}</ref>
On November 10, 2016, Hyperloop One released its first system designs in collaboration with the [[Bjarke Ingels Group]].<ref name="arstechnica">{{cite news |title=Hyperloop One releases "comprehensive concept design" for high-speed rail in Dubai |publisher=Ars Technica |url=https://arstechnica.com/business/2016/11/hyperloop-one-will-conduct-feasibility-studies-for-high-speed-network-in-dubai/
On October 12, 2017, Hyperloop One and the [[Virgin Group]] announced that it developed a strategic investment partnership, resulting in [[Richard Branson]] joining the board of directors. The global strategic partnership will focus on passenger and mixed-use cargo service in addition to the creation of a new passenger division.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hyperloop One Is Now 'Virgin Hyperloop One' Thanks to Richard Branson's Investment |work=[[Fortune (magazine) |Fortune]] |date=October 12, 2017 |url=https://fortune.com/2017/10/12/hyperloop-one-virgin-group-richard-branson/ |access-date=October 13, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013012601/http://fortune.com/2017/10/12/hyperloop-one-virgin-group-richard-branson/ |archive-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> Hyperloop One had raised $295 million on December 18, 2017,<ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2017/12/18/richard-branson-takes-hyperloop-wheel-after-pishevar-exits-under-cloud/963223001/ Richard Branson takes hyperloop wheel after Pishevar exits under a cloud] ''www.usatoday.com'', accessed 9 November 2020</ref> and subsequently was renamed Virgin Hyperloop One, and Branson became the chairman of the board of directors.<ref name="hyperloop-one.com"/> As of May 2019, the company had raised $400 million.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Virgin Hyperloop One's $400 Million Bid to Supercharge Transportation |last=Motavalli |first=Jim |website=barrons.com |language=en-US |url=https://www.barrons.com/articles/virgin-hyperloop-ones-400-million-bid-to-supercharge-transportation-01559064898 |access-date=2019-06-05}}</ref>
In June 2020, the firm rebranded to Virgin Hyperloop, changing their logo and launching a new website.<ref>{{cite web |title=Virgin Hyperloop |website=Virgin Hyperloop |language=en-EN |url=https://virginhyperloop.com/ |access-date=2020-07-20}}</ref>
In October 2020, [[West Virginia]] governor [[Jim Justice]] announced that Virgin Hyperloop would be constructing a certification facility on land in [[Tucker County, West Virginia|Tucker]] and [[Grant County, West Virginia|Grant]] Counties.<ref name="justice">{{Cite web|url=https://governor.wv.gov/News/press-releases/2020/Pages/Gov.-Justice-announces-Virgin-Hyperloop-to-build-Hyperloop-Certification-Center-in-West-Virginia.aspx|title=Gov. Justice announces Virgin Hyperloop to build Hyperloop Certification Center in West Virginia|website=governor.wv.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wvtourism.imagerelay.com/sb/f3d97ee9-374f-42a0-86c7-689279fa993a/virgin-hyperloop-wv-media-kit|title=Image Relay - West Virginia Tourism Office | Virgin Hyperloop/WV Media Kit Collection|website=wvtourism.imagerelay.com}}</ref> About 800 acres owned by Western Pocahontas near [[Mount Storm, West Virginia|Mount Storm]] was donated to the [[West Virginia University]] Foundation, and cooperation was expected from WVU, [[Marshall University]], and the [[West Virginia Community and Technical College System]].<ref name="justice"/><ref name="statejournal">{{Cite web|url=https://www.wvnews.com/statejournal/news/questions-raised-about-hyperloops-future-in-west-virginia/article_b2f30636-9bde-11ec-bec8-037e0e54bc2e.html|title=Questions raised about Hyperloop's future in West Virginia|first=Charles Young SENIOR STAFF|last=WRITER|date=March 7, 2022|website=WV News}}</ref>
===Focus on freight and layoffs===
In February 2022, the ''[[Financial Times]]'' reported that the company laid off more than 100 employees, with the move allowing it to focus on cargo transport instead of passenger travel.<ref>{{cite news |title=Virgin Hyperloop axes half its staff to focus on freight |newspaper=Financial Times |date=February 21, 2022 |url=https://www.ft.com/content/d87f77bd-0a0a-4512-b983-197f184f5352 |access-date=2022-02-23}}</ref><ref>(February 21, 2022), [https://thenyledger.com/companies/virgin-hyperloop-axes-half-its-staff-in-focus-on-freight/ "Virgin Hyperloop axes half its staff in focus on freight"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228100931/https://thenyledger.com/companies/virgin-hyperloop-axes-half-its-staff-in-focus-on-freight/ |date=February 28, 2022}}, ''The New York Ledger'' via ''Financial Times''</ref> In December 2022, a second round of layoffs was reported, focused on the firm's downtown Los Angeles staff and Las Vegas operational team.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Isabel Sami |title=Hyperloop One is letting employees go in second round of layoffs this year |work=L.A. Business First |date=9 December 2022 |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/losangeles/news/2022/12/09/hyperloop-one-lays-off-19-employees.html |access-date=22 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hyperloop One retooling to focus on freight transport; more employees laid off |date=December 2, 2022 |url=https://www.8newsnow.com/news/local-news/hyperloop-one-retooling-to-focus-on-freight-transport-more-employees-laid-off/}}</ref>
While Hyperloop One focuses on freight, competitors continue to focus on a mix of freight and passenger travel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeout.com/news/this-futuristic-high-speed-rail-route-will-take-you-from-paris-to-berlin-in-just-one-hour-080122|title=This futuristic high-speed rail route will take you from Paris to Berlin in just one hour|first=Ed|last=Cunningham|date=August 1, 2022|website=Time Out Worldwide}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thomasnet.com/insights/is-a-full-scale-hyperloop-system-on-the-horizon/|title=Is a Full-scale Hyperloop System on the Horizon?}}</ref>
The change in focus put construction of the West Virginia facility in question,<ref name="statejournal"/> until the company admitted in March 2023 that it had been cancelled.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hyperloop Stalls |author=Hoppy Kercheval |date=March 24, 2023 |publisher=MetroNews |url=https://wvmetronews.com/2023/03/24/hyperloop-stalls/}}</ref>
==Test pods==
===XP-1===
After Hyperloop One began the construction of {{convert|500|m|adj=on}} DevLoop in October 2016, the company successfully conducted the first full-system test using the levitating chassis without passenger pod on May 12, 2017.
XP-1 has the length of {{convert|8.7|m|ft}}, the width of {{convert|2.4|m|ft}}, and the height of {{convert|2.4|m|ft}}. The pod's motor was evolved from 500 motors that were built and tested in order to operate with resiliency in near-vacuum environment.<ref name=engadget/> The pod was successfully tested for the first time on July 29, 2017, with the {{convert|300|m|ft}} of acceleration to reach the recorded speeds of {{convert|310|km/h|mph}}. The pod achieved 3,151 horsepower during the test inside the depressurized tube with conditions similar to the atmosphere at {{convert|200,000|ft|km}} above sea level.<ref name=techcrunch/>
<gallery
File:Virgin Hyperloop One XP-1 pod - front view.jpg|Front view
File:Virgin Hyperloop One XP-1 pod - side view.jpg|Side view
Line 74 ⟶ 86:
File:Virgin Hyperloop One XP-1 pod - side rail profile.jpg|Profile at a side rail
File:Virgin Hyperloop One XP-1 pod - center rail profile.jpg|Profile at the center rail
File:Virgin Hyperloop One XP-1 pod - chassis.jpg|Levitating chassis at the bottom inside the shell
</gallery>
In the summer of 2019, the company took XP-1 on a roadshow to Ohio, Texas, Kansas, New York, Missouri, North Carolina, and Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Akers |first1=Mick |title=Virgin Hyperloop One test pod hitting the road on 3-city tour |work=Las Vegas Review-Journal |date=30 July 2019 |url=https://www.reviewjournal.com/traffic/virgin-hyperloop-one-test-pod-hitting-the-road-on-3-city-tour-1814948/ |access-date=28 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Five New Stops Added to Virgin Hyperloop One U.S. Roadshow |work=Virgin Hyperloop One |date=23 September 2019 |url=https://hyperloop-one.com/five-new-stops-added-virgin-hyperloop-one-us-roadshow |access-date=28 September 2019}}</ref>
===XP-2===
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Experimental pod two (XP-2) also known as 'Pegasus'">
File:Virgin Hyperloop XP-2 (1).jpg|Rear view
File:Virgin Hyperloop XP-2 (2).jpg|Side view
File:Virgin Hyperloop XP-2 (6).jpg|Side view
File:Virginhyperloop.jpg|Interior view
File:Virgin Hyperloop XP-2 (7).jpg|Estimated travel time
</gallery>
For the company's passenger testing, they created a new vehicle, dubbed "experimental pod 2", or XP-2. The vehicle was designed by Bjarke Ingels Group and Kilo Design.<ref>{{cite web |title=Virgin Hyperloop: first human passenger test in BIG-designed XP-2 pod |website=Archinect |language=en |url=https://archinect.com/news/article/150236997/virgin-hyperloop-first-human-passenger-test-in-big-designed-xp-2-pod |access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref>
On November 8, 2020, after more than 400 uncrewed tests, the firm conducted the first human trial with Josh Giegel, its co-founder and CTO, and Sara Luchian, Director of Passenger Experience, as the first passengers at a speed of {{convert|172|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} at its DevLoop test site in Las Vegas, Nevada.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto1"/> The test was conducted in a near-vacuum environment of 100 Pascals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Virgin Hyperloop {{!}} Pegasus |website=Virgin Hyperloop |language=en-EN |url=https://virginhyperloop.com/pegasus |access-date=2021-03-19 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114142434/https://virginhyperloop.com/pegasus |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In March 2021, Virgin Hyperloop announced that the vehicle would be on display at the Smithsonian [[Arts and Industries Building]] in late 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last=Gamillo |first=Elizabeth |title=Smithsonian's 'Futures' Exhibition to Feature Virgin Hyperloop's Record-Breaking Transportation Pod |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/smithsonians-futures-exhibition-feature-virgin-hyperloops-record-breaking-transportation-pod-180977129/ |access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref>{{needs update|date=February 2022}}
Following successful passenger testing, Virgin Hyperloop unveiled its commercial vehicle design in January 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last=Giacobbe |first=Alyssa |title=Exclusive First Look at Richard Branson's Hyperloop Propulsion Pods |website=Architectural Digest |date=January 27, 2021 |language=en-us |url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/exclusive-first-look-richard-bransons-hyperloop-propulsion-pods |access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref> Designed in collaboration with Seattle-based design firm Teague, each vehicle is planned to seat about 28 passengers but can transport thousands of passengers per hour in convoys.<ref>{{cite web |title=Here's what traveling by Hyperloop could look like |website=Futurism |url=https://futurism.com/virgin-hyperloop-passenger-experience |access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref>
==Funding==
Hyperloop One had raised over $485 million as of May 2019.<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2019 |title=Virgin Hyperloop One funding rounds, valuation, and investors |url=https://craft.co/hyperloop-technologies/funding-rounds}}</ref> Its investors include [[Sherpa Capital]], [[Formation 8]], 137 Ventures,<ref name="forbes-first-public-test">{{cite news |title=Hyperloop One Announces Key Partnerships, $80 Million Investment As It Prepares First Public Test |last=Tilley |first=Aaron |date=May 11, 2016 |work=[[Forbes]] |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/aarontilley/2016/05/11/hyperloop-one/#68015990416e |access-date=August 31, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013014747/https://www.forbes.com/sites/aarontilley/2016/05/11/hyperloop-one/#68015990416e |archive-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> [[DP World]],<ref>{{cite news |work=Forbes |title=The Little Engine That Might? Hyperloop One Boosts Funding; Names Ex-Uber CFO As Adviser |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2016/10/13/the-little-engine-that-might-hyperloop-one-boosts-funding-names-ex-uber-cfo-as-adviser/#30c4ac6a3ab0 |access-date=November 14, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115195510/http://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2016/10/13/the-little-engine-that-might-hyperloop-one-boosts-funding-names-ex-uber-cfo-as-adviser/#30c4ac6a3ab0 |archive-date=November 15, 2016}}</ref> [[Khosla Ventures]],<ref name="forbes-first-public-test"/> Caspian Venture Capital, Fast Digital,<ref name="forbes-first-public-test"/> Western Technology Investment,<ref name="forbes-first-public-test"/> Zhen Fund, [[GE Ventures]],<ref name="forbes-first-public-test"/> and [[SNCF]].<ref name="forbes-first-public-test"/>
==Management==
{{As of|2018|July}}, the board of directors included [[Richard Branson]] (chairman), [[Justin Fishner-Wolfson]], [[Sultan Ahmed Bin Sulayem]], Rob Lloyd, Josh Giegel, Bill Shor, Yuvraj Narayan, Anatoly Braverman, and [[Emily White (businessperson)|Emily White]] as a strategic adviser.<ref name=team-2018-07-30>{{cite web |title=Team |publisher=Hyperloop One |___location=US |url=https://hyperloop-one.com/team |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730021034/https://hyperloop-one.com/team |archive-date=July 30, 2018}}</ref> Former board members include [[Peter Diamandis]], [[Jim Messina (political staffer)|Jim Messina]], who as of July 2018<ref name=team-2018-07-30/> serves as strategic adviser, former Morgan Stanley executive Jim Rosenthal, Joe Lonsdale, the co-founder [[Shervin Pishevar]],<ref name=team-2017-07-10>{{cite web |title=Team |publisher=Hyperloop One |___location=US |url=https://hyperloop-one.com/team |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710143532/https://hyperloop-one.com/team |archive-date=July 10, 2017}}</ref> who took a leave of absence from Hyperloop One in December 2017 after multiple women accused him of sexual misconduct,<ref>{{cite news |title=Shervin Pishevar takes immediate leave of absence from Hyperloop One and Sherpa Capital |last=Dickey |first=Megan Rose |work=TechCrunch |url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/12/05/shervin-pishevar-takes-immediate-leave-of-absence-from-hyperloop-one-and-sherpa-capital/ |access-date=December 5, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205190116/https://techcrunch.com/2017/12/05/shervin-pishevar-takes-immediate-leave-of-absence-from-hyperloop-one-and-sherpa-capital/ |archive-date=December 5, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Silicon Valley VC Shervin Pishevar Takes Leave From His Companies After Misconduct Claims |date=December 5, 2017 |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-12-05/investor-pishevar-takes-leave-from-sherpa-virgin-hyperloop-one |access-date=December 5, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205203451/https://www.bloomberg.com//news/articles/2017-12-05/investor-pishevar-takes-leave-from-sherpa-virgin-hyperloop-one |archive-date=December 5, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Shervin Pishevar Steps Aside At Sherpa, Hyperloop Amid Sexual Harassment Allegations |last=Carson |first=Biz |work=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/bizcarson/2017/12/05/shervin-pishevar-steps-aside-at-sherpa-hyperloop-amid-sexual-harassment-allegations/#68327d8ea4d1 |access-date=December 5, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205204008/https://www.forbes.com/sites/bizcarson/2017/12/05/shervin-pishevar-steps-aside-at-sherpa-hyperloop-amid-sexual-harassment-allegations/#68327d8ea4d1 |archive-date=December 5, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Virgin Hyperloop One Revamps Board; Director Arrested |work=Bloomberg |___location=US |date=April 3, 2018 |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-03/virgin-hyperloop-one-revamps-board-director-arrested |access-date=April 3, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403043802/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-03/virgin-hyperloop-one-revamps-board-director-arrested |archive-date=April 3, 2018}}</ref> and [[Ziyavudin Magomedov]], a [[Russia]]n billionaire who was arrested on embezzlement charges in 2018.<ref name="reutersarrested">{{cite news |last1=Nikolskaya |first1=Polina |title=Russian tycoon Magomedov arrested on embezzlement charges |work=Reuters |date=March 31, 2018 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-summa-corruption/russian-tycoon-magomedov-arrested-on-embezzlement-charges-idUSKBN1H70A2 |access-date=August 3, 2018}}</ref>
On November 8, 2018, Sultan Ahmed bin Sulayem succeeded Richard Branson as chairman.<ref>[https://hyperloop-one.com/virgin-hyperloop-one-announces-new-leadership-team-support-commercialization-and-implementation-worlds-first-hyperloop-system Virgin Hyperloop One Announces New Leadership Team to Support Commercialization and Implementation of World’s First Hyperloop System] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106153658/https://hyperloop-one.com/virgin-hyperloop-one-announces-new-leadership-team-support-commercialization-and-implementation-worlds-first-hyperloop-system |date=January 6, 2019 }} 8 November 2018 ''hyperloop-one.com'', accessed 9 November 2020</ref>
In February 2021, co-founder Josh Giegel was named CEO,<ref>{{cite web |title=Josh Giegel is hyperloop's true believer — and its best hope |website=Protocol |date=February 23, 2021 |language=en-EN |url=https://www.protocol.com/josh-giegel-hyperloop-travel |access-date=2021-02-23}}</ref> before being replaced by CFO Raja Narayanan in October 2021. The firm announced an intent to accelerate scheduled fielding of production systems from the early 2030s to the mid-2020s, and that the planned initial project would transport freight between the cities of Dubai and Abu-Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates.<ref>{{cite web |title=With Dubai-owned DP World's push, Hyperloop to soon enable Dubai-Abu Dhabi cargo transport in minutes |date=October 31, 2021 |publisher=Gulf News |last=Nair |first=Manoj |url=https://gulfnews.com/business/markets/with-dubai-owned-dp-worlds-push-hyperloop-to-soon-enable-dubai-abu-dhabi-cargo-transport-in-minutes-1.1635651215642 |access-date=November 7, 2021}}</ref>
==Planned cooperation==
In June 2016 the company announced a [[memorandum of understanding]] with the Summa Group and the Russian government to construct a hyperloop in Moscow and has since completed feasibility studies in Moscow and in the Far East.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Hyperloop One unveils Russia deal with goal of new Silk Road |last=della Cava |first=Marco |date=June 21, 2016 |website=USA TODAY |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2016/06/21/could-first-hyperloop-russia/86158218/ |access-date=June 22, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622012919/http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2016/06/21/could-first-hyperloop-russia/86158218/ |archive-date=June 22, 2016}}</ref>
In August 2016,
By April 2017,
In February 2018, the Virgin Group signed an "intent agreement" with the [[Government of Maharashtra]] state of India to build a hyperloop transportation system between [[Mumbai]] and [[Pune]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Virgin, Maharashtra in pact to build Mumbai-Pune Hyperloop |work=Money Control |___location=India |date=February 19, 2018 |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/virgin-maharashtra-in-pact-to-build-mumbai-pune-hyperloop-2510725.html |access-date=February 26, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226032004/http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/virgin-maharashtra-in-pact-to-build-mumbai-pune-hyperloop-2510725.html |archive-date=February 26, 2018}}</ref> In August 2019, the government deemed hyperloop a public [[infrastructure]] project and approved the Virgin Hyperloop-DP World Consortium as the Original Project Proponent (OPP), recognizing hyperloop technology alongside other more traditional forms of [[public transport|mass transit]]. The [[Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India]], [[K. VijayRaghavan]], set up a Consultative Group on Future of Transportation (CGFT) to explore the regulatory path for hyperloop.<ref>{{cite web |title=India makes advances on world's first passenger hyperloop system |website=Intelligent Transport |language=en |url=https://www.intelligenttransport.com/transport-news/85635/india-first-passenger-hyperloop-system/ |access-date=2020-07-20}}</ref>
On July 19, 2018, an [[State of Ohio|Ohio]] regional planning commission was investigating using hyperloop between airports and potentially between [[Chicago]], [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]], and [[Pittsburgh]];<ref name="cdispatch20180719">{{cite news |title=Regional planners pitch 13-mile test of Virgin Hyperloop |last=Ferenchik |first=Mark |work=[[ColumbusDispatch]] |date=July 19, 2018 |url=http://www.dispatch.com/news/20180718/regional-planners-pitch-13-mile-test-of-virgin-hyperloop |access-date=July 24, 2018}}</ref> in May 2020 the commission released the results of their Midwest Connect feasibility study, which found that the route would create $300 billion in overall economic benefits and reduce [[carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere|{{CO2}} emission]] by 2.4 million tons.<ref>{{cite web |title=Virgin Hyperloop {{!}} Ohio Officials Announce Results of Midwest Hyperloop Feasibility Study |website=Virgin Hyperloop |language=en-EN |url=https://virginhyperloop.com/press/results-midwest-hyperloop-study |access-date=2020-07-20}}</ref>
In July 2018, Texas officials announced that the state will explore hyperloop technology for a route connecting Dallas, Austin, San Antonio, and Laredo.<ref>{{cite web |title=North Central Texas Council of Governments - OFFICIALS CONFIRM HYPERLOOP AS TECHNOLOGY OPTION FOR DALLAS-ARLINGTON-FT. WORTH HIGH SPEED CORRIDOR |website=nctcog.org |url=https://www.nctcog.org/trans/about/news/current-press-releases/texas-officials-confirm-hyperloop-as-technology-op |access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref> In June 2019, the firm announced an ongoing collaboration with the [[Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts|Sam Fox School]] of [[Washington University in St. Louis]] to explore proposals for the [[Missouri Hyperloop]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Designing hyperloop infrastructure {{!}} The Source {{!}} Washington University in St. Louis |date=2019-06-24 |website=The Source |language=en-US |url=https://source.wustl.edu/2019/06/designing-hyperloop-infrastructure/ |access-date=2019-08-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |title=Virgin Hyperloop One Announces Collaboration with Washington University in St. Louis |last=One |first=Virgin Hyperloop |date=2019-06-24 |website=GlobeNewswire News Room |url=https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2019/06/24/1873142/0/en/Virgin-Hyperloop-One-Announces-Collaboration-with-Washington-University-in-St-Louis.html |access-date=2019-08-09}}</ref> In October 2019, Missouri became the first US state to conduct a hyperloop feasibility study,<ref>{{cite web |title=Missouri's Blue Ribbon Panel on Hyperloop releases its report (Video) |website=bizjournals.com |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/kansascity/news/2019/10/28/missouri-blue-ribbon-panel-hyperloop-report.html |access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref> exploring a route between Kansas City and St. Louis.
In December 2019, the [[State Government of Punjab]], India, signed an MoU with the firm to explore a route connecting the Amritsar-Ludhiana-Chandigarh corridor.<ref>{{cite web |agency=PTI |date=Dec 3, 2019 |title=Punjab to conduct feasibility study for Hyperloop transport - Times of India |website=The Times of India |language=en |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/punjab-to-conduct-feasibility-study-for-hyperloop-transport/articleshow/72351282.cms |access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref>
In February 2020,
==Hyperloop One Global Challenge==
In 2016,
The ten winning routes that were selected are:<ref>{{cite news
{| class="wikitable"
Line 133 ⟶ 157:
|-
!4
|[[Miami]] to [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]]
|-
!5
Line 142 ⟶ 166:
|-
!7
|rowspan=2|{{
|-
!8
Line 151 ⟶ 175:
|-
!10
|[[Mumbai]] to [[
|}
==Lawsuits==
In July 2016, the CTO and co-founder Brogan BamBrogan left the company,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Geuss |first1=Megan |title=CTO and co-founder of Hyperloop One leaves amid reported tensions |publisher=Ars Technica |date=July 1, 2016 |url=https://arstechnica.com/business/2016/07/cto-and-co-founder-of-hyperloop-one-leaves-amid-reported-tensions/ |access-date=July 20, 2016
==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="wired_2017-07-12">{{cite web
==External links==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KsVF65vP4ZU&t=1h6m30s Alan James about Baltic Sea
* [https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DBrTX0SXgAADDRz.jpg Transformed connections & enhanced cohesion. Example opportunities for Europe]
*
{{Virgin Group}}
[[Category:2014 establishments in California]]
[[Category:2023 disestablishments in California]]
[[Category:American companies established in 2014]]
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[[Category:Hyperloop]]
[[Category:Technology companies based in Greater Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Technology companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Transport companies established in 2014]]
[[Category:Transport companies disestablished in 2023]]
[[Category:Transportation companies based in California]]
[[Category:Transportation companies of the United States]]
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