USS Corporal: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Submarine of the United States}}

{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}}

{{Infobox Ship Image

{|{{Infobox ship begin}}

|Ship image=[[Image:USS Corporal;0834606.jpg|300px|Corporal (SS-346) underway, 1969.]]

{{Infobox ship image

|Ship caption=

|Ship image=[[File:USS Corporal;0834606.jpg|300px|Corporal (SS-346) underway, 1969.]]

|Ship caption=USS ''Corporal'' underway in 1969 (the three distinctive shark-fin domes are the [[Passive Underwater Fire Control Feasibility System|PUFFS]] sonar).

}}

{{Infobox Shipship Careercareer

|Hide header=

|Ship country=USUnited States

|Ship flag={{USN flag|1973}}

|Ship name=USS ''Corporal''

|Ship class=[[Balao class submarine|''Balao''-class]] [[diesel-electric]] [[submarine]]

|Ship name=USS ''Corporal'' (SS-346)

|Ship ordered=

|Ship builder=[[General Dynamics Electric Boat|Electric Boat Company]], [[Groton, Connecticut]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates">{{cite book

|Ship awarded=

| last = Friedman

|Ship builder=

| first = Norman

|Ship laid down=[[27 April]] [[1944]]

| title = U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History

|Ship launched=[[10 June]] [[1945]]

| publisher = [[United States Naval Institute]]

|Ship christened=

| year = 1995

| ___location = [[Annapolis, Maryland]]

| pages = 285–304

| isbn = 1-55750-263-3 }}</ref>

|Ship laid down=27 April 1944<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>

|Ship launched=10 June 1945<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>

|Ship acquired=

|Ship commissioned=[[9 November]] [[1945]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>

|Ship decommissioned=28 November 1973<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>

|Ship recommissioned=

|Ship decommissioned=[[21 November]] [[1973]]

|Ship in service=

|Ship out of service=

|Ship struck=28 November 1973<ref name="Register">{{cite book

|Ship renamed=

| last = Bauer

|Ship reclassified=

| first = K. Jack

|Ship refit=

|author2=Roberts, Stephen S.

|Ship captured=

| title = Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major Combatants

|Ship struck=[[21 November]] [[1973]]

| publisher = Greenwood Press

| year = 1991

| ___location = [[Westport, Connecticut]]

| pages = 275–280

| isbn = 0-313-26202-0 }}</ref>

|Ship reinstated=

|Ship identification=SS-346

|Ship fate=Transferred to [[Turkey]]

|Ship fate=Transferred to [[Turkey]], 21 November 1973<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>

|Ship status=

|Ship homeport=

}}

{{Infobox Shipship Careercareer

|Hide header=title

|Ship country=Turkey

|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Turkey|naval}}

|Ship flag=[[Image:Flag of Turkey.svg|60px|Turkish Navy Ensign]]

|Ship classname=TCG ''2. İnönü''

|Ship acquired=21 November 1973

|Ship name=TCG ''2. İnönü'' (S 333)

|Ship commissioned=12 February 1974

|Ship ordered=

|Ship awarded=

|Ship builder=

|Ship laid down=

|Ship launched=

|Ship christened=

|Ship acquired=[[21 November]] [[1973]]

|Ship commissioned=[[12 February]] [[1974]]

|Ship recommissioned=

|Ship decommissioned=

|Ship in service=

|Ship out of service=

|Ship renamedstruck=2 September 1996

|Ship reclassified=

|Ship refit=

|Ship captured=

|Ship struck=[[2 September]] [[1996]]

|Ship reinstated=

|Ship fate=Scrapped

|Ship statusidentification=S 333

|Ship homeport=

}}

{{Infobox Shipship Characteristicscharacteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption=

|Ship class={{sclass|Balao|submarine|0}} [[diesel-electric]] [[submarine]]<ref name="Register"/>

|Ship displacement=1,526&nbsp;[[long ton|ton]]s (1550&nbsp;[[tonne|t]]) surfaced<br>2,424&nbsp;tons (2460&nbsp;t) submerged

|Ship lengthdisplacement=311.8*1,526&nbsp;[[footlong (unit of length)ton|ftton]]s (95.01,550&nbsp;[[metretonne|mt]]) surfaced<ref name="Register"/>

|Ship beam=27.3*2,424&nbsp;fttons (8.32,463&nbsp;mt) submerged<ref name="Register"/>

|Ship length={{convert|311|ft|9|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/>

|Ship draft=15.3&nbsp;ft (4.6&nbsp;m)

|Ship beam={{convert|27|ft|3|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/>

|Ship propulsion=4 × 5,400&nbsp;hp (4.0&nbsp;[[Megawatt|MW]]) [[diesel engine]]s<br>4 × 2,740&nbsp;hp (2.0&nbsp;MW) electric motors<br>two propellers

|Ship draft={{convert|16|ft|10|in|abbr=on}} maximum<ref name="Register"/>

|Ship speed=20.25&nbsp;[[knot (speed)|knot]]s (37&nbsp;km/h) surfaced<br>8.75&nbsp;knots (16&nbsp;km/h) submerged

|Ship propulsion={{Fleet-boat-propulsion-late-GM-4-GE}}

|Ship range=11,000&nbsp;[[nautical mile|nm]] (20,000&nbsp;km) surfaced at 10&nbsp;knots (19&nbsp;km/h)

|Ship speed=*{{convert|20.25|kn|km/h|0|lk=in}} surfaced<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs">''U.S. Submarines Through 1945'' pp. 305-311</ref>

|Ship endurance=48 hours at 2&nbsp;knots (4&nbsp;km/h) submerged<br>75 days on patrol

*{{convert|8.75|kn|km/h|0}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>

|Ship test depth=400&nbsp;ft (120&nbsp;m)

|Ship range={{convert|11000|nmi|km}} surfaced at 10 knots (19 km/h)<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>

|Ship boats=

|Ship endurance=*48 hours at {{convert|2|kn|km/h}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>

|Ship capacity=

*75 days on patrol

|Ship complement=6 officers, 60 enlisted

|Ship test depth={{convert|400|ft|m|-1|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>

|Ship time to activate=

|Ship complement=10 officers, 70–71 enlisted<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>

|Ship sensors=

|Ship EW=

|Ship armament={{Fleet-boat-armament-5-inch}}

|Ship armament=10 × 21&nbsp;in (533&nbsp;mm) [[torpedo]] tubes<br>&nbsp;(six forward, four aft)<br>&nbsp;24 torpedoes<br>1 × 5&nbsp;in (127&nbsp;mm) / 25&nbsp;[[Caliber#Caliber as measurement of length|caliber]] deck gun<br>four machine guns

}}

|Ship armor=

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Ship aircraft=

|ShipHide mottoheader=

|Header caption=(Guppy II)

|Ship nickname=

|Ship honoursclass=none

|Ship displacement=*1,870&nbsp;tons (1,900&nbsp;t) surfaced <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2">{{cite book

| last = Friedman

| first = Norman

| title = U.S. Submarines Since 1945: An Illustrated Design History

| publisher = [[United States Naval Institute]]

| year = 1994

| ___location = [[Annapolis, Maryland]]

| pages = 11–43

| isbn = 1-55750-260-9 }}</ref>

*2,440&nbsp;tons (2,480&nbsp;t) submerged <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/>

|Ship length=307&nbsp;ft (93.6&nbsp;m) <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs">''U.S. Submarines Since 1945'' pp. 242</ref>

|Ship beam=27&nbsp;ft 4&nbsp;in (7.4&nbsp;m) <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship draft=17&nbsp;ft (5.2&nbsp;m) <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship propulsion=*[[Submarine snorkel|Snorkel]] added<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/>

*Batteries upgraded to [[Greater Underwater Propulsion Power Program|GUPPY]] type, capacity expanded to 504&nbsp;cells (1 × 184&nbsp;cell, 1 × 68&nbsp;cell, and 2 × 126&nbsp;cell batteries) <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/>

*4 × high-speed electric motors replaced with 2 × low-speed direct drive electric motors <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/>

|Ship speed=*Surfaced:

*{{convert|18.0|kn|mph km/h|1}} maximum

*{{convert|13.5|kn|mph km/h|1}} cruising

*Submerged:

*{{convert|16.0|kn|mph km/h|1}} for ½ hour

*{{convert|9.0|kn|mph km/h|1}} snorkeling

*{{convert|3.5|kn|mph km/h|1}} cruising <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/>

|Ship range=15,000&nbsp;nm (28,000&nbsp;km) surfaced at {{convert|11|kn|mph km/h|0}} <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship endurance=48 hours at {{convert|4|kn|mph km/h|0}} submerged <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship test depth=

|Ship complement=*9–10 officers

*5 petty officers

*70 enlisted men <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship sensors=*WFA active sonar

*JT passive sonar

*Mk&nbsp;106 torpedo fire control system <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship EW=

|Ship armament=*10 × [[American 21 inch torpedo|21 inch (533 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s

*&nbsp;(six forward, four aft)<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

*all guns removed<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/>

|Ship notes=

}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption=(Guppy III)

|Ship class=none

|Ship displacement=*1,975&nbsp;tons (2,007&nbsp;t) surfaced <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/>

*2,450&nbsp;tons (2,489&nbsp;t) submerged <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/>

|Ship length=321&nbsp;ft (97.8&nbsp;m) <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship beam=27&nbsp;ft 4&nbsp;in (7.4&nbsp;m) <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship draught=

|Ship draft=17&nbsp;ft (5.2&nbsp;m) <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship propulsion=

|Ship speed=*Surfaced:

*{{convert|17.2|kn|mph km/h|1}} maximum

*{{convert|12.2|kn|mph km/h|1}} cruising

*Submerged:

*{{convert|14.5|kn|mph km/h|1}} for ½ hour

*{{convert|6.2|kn|mph km/h|1}} snorkeling

*{{convert|3.7|kn|mph km/h|1}} cruising <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/>

|Ship range=15,900&nbsp;nm (29,400&nbsp;km) surfaced at {{convert|8.5|kn|mph km/h|0}} <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship endurance=36 hours at {{convert|3|kn|mph km/h|0}} submerged <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship test depth=

|Ship complement=*8–10 officers

*5 petty officers

*70-80 enlisted men <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship sensors=*BQS-4 active search sonar

*BQR-2B passive search sonar

*[[BQG-4]] passive attack sonar <ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/>

|Ship EW=

|Ship armament=

|Ship notes=

}}

|}

'''USS ''Corporal'' (SS-346)''', a [[{{sclass|Balao class |submarine|''Balao''-class]]0}} [[submarine]], was a ship of the [[United States Navy]] named for the corporal, an alternate name for the [[fallfish]], found in streams of the eastern United States.

==Construction and commissioning==

''Corporal'' was [[Ship naming and launching|launched]] 10 June 1945 by [[Electric Boat]] Co., [[Groton, Connecticut]], sponsored by Mrs. H. C. Wick; [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] 9 November 1945, Commander [[Edward E. Shelby]] in command; and reported to the [[US Atlantic Fleet|Atlantic Fleet]].

==Service history==

''Corporal'' was [[Ship naming and launching|launched]] [[10 June]] [[1945]] by [[Electric Boat]] Co., [[Groton, Conn.]], sponsored by Mrs. H. C. Wick; [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] [[9 November]] [[1945]], Commander E. E. Shelby in command; and reported to the [[US Atlantic Fleet|Atlantic Fleet]].

''Corporal'' cleared [[Naval Submarine Base New London|New London]] 8 January 1946 for her base at [[Key West]], arriving 25 February. She took part in antisubmarine warfare projects and fleet exercises off [[Florida]] and [[Bermuda]] and in the [[Caribbean Sea|Caribbean]] until returning to Groton 26 February 1947. After extensive modernization, she returned to Key West 2 March 1948.

She continued to conduct training and join in exercises off Florida and in the Caribbean until her first tour of duty in the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] with the [[US 6th Fleet|6th Fleet]] from 16 July 1952 to 15 October. Returning to local operations off Key West, she also participated in large-scale fleet exercises in the Atlantic and Caribbean. She cruised to the [[British Isles]] from 11 March to 16 May 1957, and upon her return to Key West, continued training and services to the Fleet Sonar School. Through 1958 and 1959, she operated frequently in ordnance tests, and from August 1959, when [[Charleston, South Carolina]], became her home port, cruised widely along the east coast. In December 1960 ''Corporal'' sailed to visit [[Germany]] and then join the 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean.

''Corporal'' cleared [[Naval Submarine Base New London|New London]] [[8 January]] [[1946]] for her base at [[Key West]], arriving [[25 February]]. She took part in antisubmarine warfare projects and fleet exercises off [[Florida]] and [[Bermuda]] and in the [[Caribbean Sea|Caribbean]] until returning to Groton, Conn. [[26 February]] [[1947]]. After extensive modernization, she returned to Key West [[2 March]] [[1948]].

USS ''Corporal'' was converted to a Guppy III configuration and continued to operate throughout the 1960s and early 1970s in various capacities during the Cold War. She made regular "Northern" runs across the Arctic Circle above the North Sea, regular "Mediterranean Cruises", frequently operated in the Caribbean and trained submarine sailors in conjunction with the Submarine School in New London, Connecticut.

She continued to conduct training and join in exercises off Florida and in the Caribbean until her first tour of duty in the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] with the [[US 6th Fleet|6th Fleet]] from [[16 July]] [[1952]] to [[15 October]]. Returning to local operations off Key West, she also participated in large-scale fleet exercises in the Atlantic and Caribbean. She cruised to the [[British Isles]] from [[11 March]] to [[16 May]] [[1957]], and upon her return to Key West, continued training and services to the Fleet Sonar School. Through 1958 and 1959, she operated frequently in ordnance tests, and from August 1959, when [[Charleston, South Carolina]], became her home port, cruised widely along the east coast. In December 1960 ''Corporal'' sailed to visit [[Germany]] and then join the 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean.

In 1967 USS ''Corporal'' collided in Rhode Island's Block Island Sound with the 30-foot sloop ''Medea IV'',<ref name="incidentreport">{{cite web|url=http://www.ss346.com/Documents/1967IncidentReportSailboatCollision.pdf|title=Special Incident Report: CINCLANTFLT INST 3100.8|date=September 4, 1967|access-date=2017-04-09|publisher=U.S. Navy}}</ref> whose owner afterward claimed "they never offered us assistance or asked us if we were damaged."<ref name="yachtsman">{{cite news|title=Yachtsman Reports U.S. Sub in Hit-Run Crash with Sloop|author=UPI|date=September 5, 1967|newspaper=Bridgeport Post}}</ref>

''USS Corporal'' was converted to a Guppy III configuration and continued to operate throughout the 60's and early 70's in various capacities during the Cold War. She made regular "Northern" runs across the arctic circle above the North Sea, regular "Mediterranean Cruises", frequently operated in the Caribbean and trained submarine sailors in conjunction with the Submarine School in New London, CT.

===Helicopter landing===

== TCG ''2. İnönü'' (S 333) ==

[[File:Corporal (SS-346), 1956.jpg|left|thumb|Corporal (SS-346), 1956]]

During naval exercises off Key West in April 1956, a US Navy [[Sikorsky H-34]] helicopter, [[serial number]] 51, made an emergency landing on the ''Corporal''{{'}}s deck because it experienced serious mechanical problems during an [[anti-submarine warfare]] exercise in which the Corporal had been serving as the [[opposing force]]. After close cooperation by radio and hasty preparations by the submariners, the distressed helicopter managed to touch down safely aft of the submarine's [[Sail (submarine)|sail]]. The incident marked "the first time a helicopter made an emergency landing on a submarine." At the time of that emergency landing, the submarine was under the command of Lieutenant Commander E. O. Proctor, and those aboard the helicopter were Commander W. F. Culley and Lieutenant J. K. Johnson.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://as15-burninbush.com/USSCORPORAL.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040812092902/http://as15-burninbush.com/USSCORPORAL.html |archive-date=2004-08-12 |title=USS CORPORAL}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ss346.com/HelicopterLanding.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050427142336/http://www.ss346.com/HelicopterLanding.htm |archive-date=2005-04-27 |title=HelicoptorLanding}}</ref><ref>Baird, J., Staff Sergeant, USMC. (1956, October). 'Copter on a Cold Sub Deck. Naval Aviation News, 26.

</ref>

[[File:Helicopter on USS Corporal.jpg|left|thumb|Helicopter on USS Corporal after mechanical trouble]]

== TCG ''Ikinci İnönü'' (S333) ==

She was decommissioned, struck from the US [[Naval Register]], and transferred (sold) to [[Turkey]], under terms of the Security Assistance Program, [[21 November]] [[1973]]. On [[12 February]] [[1974]] she was commissioned '''[[TCG 2. Inönü (S 333)|TCG ''2. İnönü'' (S 333)]]''', the second submarine in the third pair named in honor of the [[Battle of Inönü]] in the [[Turkish Independence War]].

{{other ships| TCG Ikinci İnönü}}

She was decommissioned, struck from the US [[Naval Register]], and transferred (sold) to [[Turkey]], under terms of the Security Assistance Program, 28 November 1973. On 12 February 1974 she was commissioned '''TCG ''Ikinci İnönü'' (S333)''' ("Second İnönü"), the second of three submarines named in honor of the [[Second Battle of İnönü]] in the [[Turkish Independence War]].<ref>Gardiner, Robert, '' Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1982, Pt I: The Western Powers'' (1982) Naval Institute Press, Annapolis {{ISBN|978-0851772257}} p121</ref>

She was dropped from the [[Turkish Navy|Turkish Naval]] rolls on [[2 September]] [[1996]], and scrapped. Today, a section of hull containing the stern torpedo tubes is preserved at the Naval Museum at [[Istanbul]].

<br clear=all/>

== References ==

{{DANFSreflist}}

{{refbegin}}

*{{DANFS|https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/c/corporal.html|http://hazegray.org/danfs/submar/ss346.htm}}

{{refend}}

== External links ==

*[http://www.ss346.com official web site USS Corporal SS346]

*{{navsource|08/08346|Corporal}}

*[http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/c14/corporal.htm history.navy.mil: USS ''Corporal'']

*https://web.archive.org/web/20041024221458/http://www.turkishnavy.net/submarine/liste.htm

*[http://hazegray.org/danfs/submar/ss346.htm hazegray.org: USS ''Corporal'']

*[http://www.navsource.org/archives/08/08346.htm navsource.org: USS ''Corporal'']

*http://www.turkishnavy.net/submarine/liste.htm

*http://www.denizaltici.com/submarine-service.htm

{{Balao class submarine|others}}

[[Category{{DEFAULTSORT:Balao class submarines|Corporal (SS-346)]]}}

[[Category:Cold WarBalao-class submarines of the United States|Corporal (SS-346)]]

[[Category:SubmarinesShips ofbuilt Turkey|Corporalin (SS-346)Groton, Connecticut]]

[[Category:1945 ships]]

[[Category:Cold War submarines of the United States]]

[[Category:Ships transferred from the United States Navy to the Turkish Navy]]

[[Category:Balao-class submarines of the Turkish Navy]]