Basel Program: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Ideological platform of the Zionist movement}}

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[[Image:The "Basel Program" at the First Zionist Congress in 1897.jpg|thumb|200px|The original "Basel Program", as agreed at the conference. The onlyindicated amendment madechanges during"by thelaw" debateto at"by thepublic Congress – addition of the word [[wiktionary:öffentlich|öffentlich]] – can be seen inserted via a [[curly bracket]]law".{{sfn|Jubilee Publication|1947|p=74-76}}]]

The '''Basel Program''' was the first [[manifesto]] of the [[Zionism|Zionist movement]], drafted between 27- and 30 August 1897 and adopted unanimously at the [[First Zionist Congress]] in [[Basel|Basel (Basle)]], [[Switzerland]], on 30 August 1897.

In 1951, it was replaced by the [[Jerusalem Program]].

==History==

The Basel Program was drafted by a committee elected on Sunday 29 August 1897{{sfn|Jubilee Publication|1947|p=73}} comprising [[Max Nordau]] (heading the committee),{{sfn|Epstein|2016|p=54,83-87}} [[Nathan Birnbaum]], [[Alexander Mintz]], [[Siegmund Rosenberg]], [[:de: Saul Raphael Landau |Saul Rafael Landau]],{{sfn|Bodenheimer|1963|p=102|ps= "...the commission, whose members were Nordau, Nathan Birnbaum, Sigmund Rosenberg, Dr. Minz, and Saul Rafael Landau was formed, and in addition Professor Schapira and I were also included..."}}{{sfn|Epstein|2016|p=54,83-87}}<ref name="EJ2007">{{citation|last1=Skolnik|first1=Fred|last2=Berenbaum|first2=Michael|title=Encyclopaedia Judaica|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vKoUAQAAIAAJ|year=2007|publisher=Macmillan Reference USA|isbn=978-0-02-865931-2|page=202}}</ref> together with [[Hermann Schapira]] and [[Max Bodenheimer]] who were added to the committee on the basis of them having both drafted previous similar programs (including the "Kölner Thesen").{{sfn|Jubilee Publication|1947|p=73}}

The seven-man committee prepared the Program over three drafting meetings.{{sfn|Jubilee Publication|1947|p=73}}

==Goals==

The program set out the goals of the Zionist movement as follows:{{sfn|Jubilee<ref Publication|1947|pname=74Protocols>[https://sammlungen.ub.uni-76}}frankfurt.de/cm/periodical/titleinfo/3476255 Zionisten-Congress in Basel], Officielles Protocoll, 1898, pp. 114–119.</ref>

{{Cquote|Zionism seeks to establish a home in Palestine for the Jewish people, secured under public law.<ref>"Der Zionismus erstrebt für das jüdische Volk die Schaffung einer öffentlich-rechtlich gesicherten Heimstätte in Palästina." The original proposal had "rechtlich" rather than "öffentlich-rechtlich" but was altered during the Congress.</ref>

{{Cquote|Zionism seeks to secure for the Jewish people a publicly recognized, legally assured homeland in Palestine.

ForTo the attainment ofachieve this purposegoal, the Congress considersenvisages the following means serviceable:

1. The expedient promotion of the [[Aliyah|settlement of Jewish]] agriculturists, artisans, and tradesmen in Palestine.

2. The federationorganization and bringing together of all Jews intothrough local orand general groupsevents, according to the laws of the various countries.

3. The strengthening of the [[Jewish identity|Jewish feeling and national consciousness]].

4. Preparatory steps for obtaining the attainment of those governmental grantsapproval which areis necessary to the achievement of the Zionist purpose.

}}

The original draft did not include the word for "publicly recognized"; this was the only amendment made during the debate at the Congress, and can be seen in the final version with the word [[wiktionary:öffentlich|öffentlich]] inserted via a [[curly bracket]].{{sfn|Jubilee Publication|1947|p=74-76}} The amended draft was approved unanimously by the 200-person congress.{{sfn|Jubilee Publication|1947|p=74-76}}

==References==

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[[Category:1897 documents]]

[[Category:German-language works]]

[[Category:Jews and Judaism in Basel]]

[[Category:Zionism in Switzerland]]