1994 Java earthquake: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Earthquake and tsunami affecting Indonesia}}

{{Infobox earthquake

| title = 1994 Java earthquake

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| local-date = June 3, 1994

| local-time = 01:17:37 [[Time in Indonesia|WIB (Indonesia Western Standard Time)]]

| map2 = {{Location map | Indonesia Java#Indonesia

| relief = 1

| lat = -10.51

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| float = right

| caption = }}

| magnitude = 7.8 {{M|w|link=y}} <ref name=ISC-GEM/>

| depth = {{convert|18|km|abbr=on}} <ref name=ISC-GEM/>

| ___location = {{coord|10.51|S|112.87|E}} <ref name=ISC-GEM/>

| countries affected = [[Indonesia]]

| tsunami = 15 m

| aftershocks =

| intensity = {{MMI|5}}<ref name="Tsuji">{{cite book |author1=Yoshinobu Tsuji |author2=Fumihiko Imamura |author3=Hideo Matsutomi |author4=Costas E. Synolakis |author5=Puspito T. Nanang |author6=Jumadi |author7=Satoshi Harada |author8=Se Sub Han |author9=Ken’ichi Arai |author10=Benjamin Cook |title=Tsunamis: 1992–1994 |chapter=Field Survey of the East Java Earthquake and Tsunami of June 3, 1994 |date=1995 |page=839-854 |doi=10.1007/978-3-0348-7279-9_25 |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-0348-7279-9_25 |publisher=[[Birkhäuser]] |___location=[[Basel]], [[Switzerland]]|isbn=978-3-7643-5102-1 |s2cid=129642617 }}</ref>

| intensity = {{MMI|9}}

| casualties = 250 killed

}}

[[File:1994_Java_earthquake_-_intensity.jpg|thumb]]

The '''1994 JavaAn [[earthquake''']] occurred on June 3, 1994, at {{tooltip|01:17:37 local time| (June 2, at 18:17:37 GMT}}) off the coast of [[Indonesia]]. The epicenter was off the eastern part of the southern [[Java]] coast, near the east end of the [[Java Trench]].<ref>{{citation|title=Damage, conditions of east Java tsunami of 1994 analyzed|url=http://www.usc.edu/dept/tsunamis/pdf/23damconejavtsun.pdf|firstfirst1=C.|lastlast1=Synolakis|first2=F.|last2=Imamura|first3=Y.|last3=Tsuji|first4=H.|last4=Matsutomi|first5=S.|last5=Tinti|first6=B.|last6=Cook|first7=Y. P.|last7=Chandra|first8=M.|last8=Usman|year=1995|journal=[[Eos (magazine)|Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union]]|volume=76|number=26|page=257|doi=10.1029/95eo00150|bibcode=1995EOSTr..76..257S|access-date=2010-08-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110528120226/http://www.usc.edu/dept/tsunamis/pdf/23damconejavtsun.pdf|archive-date=2011-05-28|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Earthquake==

This earthquake occurred with a moment magnitude of 7.8 in a region which is characterized as having a weak seismic coupling.<ref>{{citation|title=The Seismogenic Zone of Subduction Thrust Faults|chapter=Anomalous Earthquake Ruptures at Shallow Depths on Subduction Zone Megathrusts|chapter-url=http://www.es.ucsc.edu/~thorne/TL.pdfs/LB_megathrust_SEIZE.pdf|firstfirst1=T.|lastlast1=Lay|authorlink1=Thorne Lay|first2=S.|last2=Bilek|year=2012|publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]|pages=488, 489}}</ref> Earthquakes with slow rupture velocities are the most efficient tsunami generators, and this earthquake was classified as a [[tsunami earthquake]].<ref>{{citation|title=Shallow subduction zone earthquakes and their tsunamigenic potential|firstfirst1=J.|lastlast1=Polet|first2=H.|last2=Kanamori|authorlink2=Hiroo Kanamori|year=2000|journal=Geophysical Journal International|volume=142|issue=3|pages=684, 685|doi=10.1046/j.1365-246x.2000.00205.x|bibcode=2000GeoJI.142..684P|doi-access=free}}</ref>

==Tsunami==

The tsunami reached Java and [[Bali]], with runups up to {{convert|14|m|abbr=on}} on the east Java coast and up to {{convert|5|m|abbr=on}} on the southwestern Bali coast. More than 200 people were killed in the tsunami.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ess.washington.edu/tsunami/specialized/events/eastjava/eastjava.html | title=Tsunamis – past and present | access-date=2010-08-24 | archive-date=2013-06-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601173310/http://www.ess.washington.edu/tsunami/specialized/events/eastjava/eastjava.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> The shock could be felt strongly across Bali, central and eastern Java, [[Lombok]], and [[Sumbawa]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqarchives/significant/sig_1994.php |title=ArchivedSignificant Earthquakes of the copyWorld |access-date=2017-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714105610/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqarchives/significant/sig_1994.php |archive-date=2011-07-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== See also ==

*[[G-Land]]

*[[List of earthquakes in 1994]]

*[[Category:1994List of earthquakes in Indonesia]]

==References==

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==Further reading==

* {{cite journal | lastlast1=Tanioka | firstfirst1=Yuichiro | last2=Satake | first2=Kenji | title=Tsunami generation by horizontal displacement of ocean bottom | journal=Geophysical Research Letters | volume=23 | issue=8 | date=1996 | issn=0094-8276 | doi=10.1029/96gl00736 | pages=861–864| bibcode=1996GeoRL..23..861T | hdl=2027.42/95068 | hdl-access=free }}

==External links==

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{{Earthquakes in Indonesia}}

[[Category:Earthquakes in Java]]

[[Category:Earthquakes in Indonesia]]

[[Category:1994 earthquakes|Java]]

[[Category:19941990s tsunamis|Java]]

[[Category:1994 in Indonesia]]

[[Category:Tsunamis in Indonesia]]

[[Category:June 1994 events in Asia]]

[[Category:History20th ofcentury in Java]]

[[Category:Tsunami earthquakes]]

[[Category:1994 disasters in Indonesia]]