Lunar Module Eagle: Difference between revisions

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| name = ''Eagle''

| mission = [[Apollo 11]]

| image = Buzz Aldrin and Apollo 11 Lunar Lander, AS11-40- 5927 NASA.jpg

| caption = ''Eagle'' on theat [[Tranquility Base]] on, July 20, 1969.<br>[[Neil Armstrong]] photographs [[Buzz Aldrin]].

| type = [[Lunar module]]

| class = [[Apollo Lunar Module]]

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| manufacturer = [[Grumman]]

| construction_number = LM-5

| launch_mass = {{cvt|33,294.5|lb}}<ref name="LM-weigh">{{cite web|access-date=2020-09-24|title=Selected Mission Weights|url=https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_18-37_Selected_Mission_Weights.htm|website=history.nasa.gov}}</ref>

| landing_mass = {{cvt|16,153.2|lb}}<ref name="LM-weigh">{{cite web|access-date=2020-09-24|title=Selected Mission Weights|url=https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_18-37_Selected_Mission_Weights.htm|website=history.nasa.gov}}</ref>

| launch_date = July 16, 1969

| launch_site = [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[LC-39A]]

| landing_date = July 20, 1969

|deployed={{start date and age|July 20, 1969}}

| landing_site = [[Tranquility Base]]

| owners = [[NASA]]

| total_hours = {{time interval|July 16, 1969 13:32:00|July 21, 1969 23:41:31|show=h|disp=raw}}{{efn|From Earth launch to second CSM undocking.}}

| fate = {{unbulleted list

| '''Ascent stage:''' CrashedAbandoned onin thelunar [[Moon]]orbit; current ___location unknown

| '''Descent stage:''' Landed on theat [[Tranquility Base]]; still there

}}

| succession = [[Apollo Lunar Module]]s

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}}

{{Apollo11series}}

'''Lunar Module ''Eagle''''' ('''LM-5''') is the spacecraft that served as the crewed [[lunar lander]] of [[Apollo 11]], which was the first mission to [[Moon landing|land humans]] on the [[Moon]]. It was named after the [[bald eagle]], which was featured prominently on [[:File:Apollo 11 insignia.png|the mission insignia]]. It flew from Earth to lunar orbit on the [[command module Columbia|command module ''Columbia'']], and then was flown to the Moon on July 20, 1969, by astronaut [[Neil Armstrong]] with navigational assistance from [[Buzz Aldrin]]. ''Eagle''{{'}}s landing created [[Tranquility Base]], named by Armstrong and Aldrin and first announced upon the module's touchdown.

The name of the craft gave rise to the phrase "The Eagle has landed", the words Armstrong said upon ''Eagle''{{'}}s touchdown.<ref name="Cresswell 2007 p. 427">{{cite book | last=Cresswell | first=J. | title=The Cat's Pyjamas: The Penguin Book of Clichés | publisher=Penguin Books Limited | year=2007 | isbn=978-0-14-102516-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vaB3KEhlUcEC&pg=PT427 | access-date=2021-10-22 | page=427}}</ref>

== Flight ==

{{main|Apollo 11}}

''Eagle'' was launched with [[Command module Columbia|Command Module ''Columbia'']] on July 16, 1969, atop a [[Saturn V]] launch vehicle from [[Launch Complex 39A]], and entered Earth orbit 12 minutes later.

''Eagle'' entered [[lunar orbit]] on July 19, 1969. On July 20, [[Neil Armstrong]] and [[Buzz Aldrin]] entered into the LM and separated it from CSM[[Command module Columbia|Command Module ''Columbia'']].

''Eagle'' was landed at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969, with {{convert|216|lb}} of usable fuel remaining.

After the lunar surface operations, Armstrong and Aldrin returned to the Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on July 21, 1969.

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At 17:54:00 UTC, they lifted off in ''Eagle''{{'s}} ascent stage to rejoin [[Michael Collins (astronaut)|Michael Collins]] aboard ''Columbia'' in lunar orbit.

After the crew re-boarded ''Columbia'', the ''Eagle'' was abandoned in lunar orbit. The ___location of its impact on the Moon's surface during an orbit decay is unknown, and there is evidence that ''Eagle'' may still be in orbit.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/apollo/apollo-program/spacecraft/___location/lm.cfm?dom=pscau |title=Location of Apollo Lunar Modules |website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum |access-date=September 24, 2018 |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726080107/https://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/apollo/apollo-program/spacecraft/___location/lm.cfm?dom=pscau |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://www.discovermagazine.com/technology/new-evidence-suggests-apollo-11s-lunar-ascent-module-could-still-be-orbiting ''Discover'' magazine website, July 2021]</ref>

In 2021 some calculations show that lander may still be in orbit.<ref>{{cite arXiv |url=https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.10088.pdf |title=Long-term Orbit Stability of the Apollo 11 "Eagle"Lunar Module Ascent Stage|eprint=2105.10088|last1=Meador|first1=James|year=2021|class=physics.space-ph}}</ref>

== Gallery ==

<gallery>

File:Apollo 11 Lunar Module prior to extraction (48322617787).jpg|Lunar Module ''Eagle'' prior to extraction from [[S-IVB]] stage on July 16, 1969.

File:AP11 FINAL APPROACH.ogv|[[Neil Armstrong]] and [[Buzz Aldrin]] land the Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on the Moon on July 20, 1969.

File:Apollo 11 plaque closeup on Moon.jpg|The [[Lunar plaque|plaque]] left on the ladder of ''Eagle''.

File:Apollo 11 50th Anniversary silver dollar reverse.png|Apollo 11 [[Apollo 11 50th Anniversary commemorative coins|50th Anniversary commemorative silver dollar]] depicting ''Eagle''

File:Apollo 11 Mission Image - View of Moon limb and Lunar Module during ascent, Mare Smythii, Earth on horizon (5052125203).jpg|Ascent stage of ''Eagle'' returns to ''Columbia'' on July 21, 1969.

File:Earth, Moon and Lunar Module, AS11-44-6643 c.jpg|Image of ''Eagle'' by [[Michael Collins (astronaut)|Michael Collins]] from [[Command module Columbia|Command Module ''Columbia'']]

</gallery>

== See also ==

{{commonsCommons category|Category:LM-5 Eagle}}

* [[List of artificial objects on the Moon]]

* [[List of crewed lunar landers]]

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* {{cite book |last1=Benson |first1=Charles D. |last2=Faherty |first2=William B. |title=Moonport: A History of Apollo Launch Facilities and Operations |date=1978 |id=SP-4204 |publisher=NASA |___location=Washington, D.C. |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790003956.pdf |access-date=September 22, 2018 |page=472}}

* {{cite web |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/apollo-to-the-moon/online/science/scientific-experiments.cfm |title=Scientific Experiments |website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum |access-date=September 22, 2018 |archive-date=October 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024085033/https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/apollo-to-the-moon/online/science/scientific-experiments.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

* {{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/apollosites.html |title=LRO Sees Apollo Landing Sites |publisher=NASA |access-date=September 25, 2018 |date=July 17, 2009 |archive-date=February 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215074327/https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/apollosites.html |url-status=dead }}

* {{Cite web arXiv|title=Long-term Orbit Stability of the Apollo 11 "Eagle" Lunar Module Ascent Stage |eprint=2105.10088 |url=https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.10088.pdf |url-status=live |last1=Meador |first1=James |year=2021 <!--|class=physics.space-ph-->|class=physics.space-ph }}

* {{cite web |url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.step.html |title=One Small Step |date=1995 |editor-last=Jones |editor-first=Eric M. |work=Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal |publisher=NASA |access-date=June 13, 2013}}

* {{cite web |url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.posteva.html |title=Trying to Rest |editor-last=Jones |editor-first=Eric M. |date=1995 |work=Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal |publisher=NASA |access-date=June 13, 2013}}

* {{cite web |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/apollo/apollo-program/spacecraft/___location/lm.cfm?dom=pscau |title=Location of Apollo Lunar Modules |website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum |access-date=September 24, 2018}}

{{Apollo program|state=expanded}}

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[[Category:Apollo 11]]

[[Category:Soft landings on the Moon]]

[[Category:Lunar modules]]

[[Category:1969 on the Moon]]

[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]