Azure Linux: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 22:02, 6 November 2021

Latest revision as of 22:11, 22 May 2025

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{{short description|Microsoft open source operating system}}

{{Infobox OS

| name = CBL-MarinerAzure Linux

| logo = <!-- Filenames and size -->

| screenshotlogo size = 128px

| screenshot = CBL-Mariner_2.0_running.png

| caption =

| developer = [[Microsoft]]

| family = [[Unix-like]] ([[Linux kernel]])

| source_model = [[Open source]]

| released = {{Start date and age|2020|0904|1601}}<br>(as ''CBL-Mariner'')

| latest_release_version = 13.0.20210901-1.020250102

| latest_release_date = {{Start date and age|20212025|0901|0902}}<ref>[{{cite web | url=https://github.com/microsoft/CBL-Marinerazurelinux/releases/tag/13.0.2021090120240824-13.0 CBL-Mariner| Septembertitle=Release 20213.0.20240824 Update· microsoft/azurelinux | website=[[GitHub]] }}</ref>

| latest_preview_version =

| latest_preview_date =

| frequently_updated =

| repo = {{URL|https://github.com/microsoft/CBL-Marinerazurelinux}}

| marketing_target = [[Cloud infrastructure]] and edge products and services

| programmed_in = [[Go (programming language)|Go]], [[Shell script]], [[C (programming language)|C]], [[roff (software)|Roff]], [[Python (programming language)|Python]]

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| package_manager = <!-- dpkg, rpm, Windows installer -->

| supported_platforms =

| kernel_type = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Linux kernel]])

| userland =

| ui =

| license = Primarily [[MIT License]], with some components under Photon License, [[Apache License|Apache License v2]], [[GPLv2]], and [[LGPL 2|LGPLv2.1]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://github.com/microsoft/CBL-Marinerazurelinux/blob/1.0/LICENSES-AND-NOTICES/LICENSES-MAP.md|title = LICENSES-AND-NOTICES|website = [[GitHub]]|date = 21 December 2021| accessdate=2025-02-12}}</ref>

| preceded_by =

| succeeded_by =

| website = {{URL|https://github.com/microsoft/CBL-Marinerazurelinux}}

}}

'''CBL-MarinerAzure Linux''' (in whichpreviously CBL stands for Common Base Linux-Mariner),<ref name="TechRepublic">{{Cite web|first=Mary|last=Branscombe|url=https://www.techrepublic.com/article/what-is-microsoft-doing-with-linux-everything-you-need-to-know-about-its-plans-for-open-source/|title=What is Microsoft doing with Linux? Everything you need to know about its plans for open source|date=December 2, 2020|website=TechRepublic}}</ref> is a [[free and open-source]], [[Linux distribution]] thatdeveloped by [[Microsoft]] has developed. It is the base [[Containerization (computing)|container]] OS for [[Microsoft Azure]] services<ref name="ZDNet">{{Cite web|last=Foley|first=Mary Jo|date=November 11, 2020|title=CBL-Mariner: Microsoft's internal Linux distribution for Azure first-party services and edge appliances|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/cbl-mariner-microsofts-internal-linux-distribution-for-azure-first-party-services-and-edge-appliances/|website=ZDNet}}</ref><ref name="IW">{{Cite web|first=Simon|last=Bisson|url=https://www.infoworld.com/article/3596347/microsoft-adds-a-new-linux-cbl-mariner.html|title=Microsoft adds a new Linux: CBL-Mariner|date=November 10, 2020|website=InfoWorld}}</ref> and the graphical component of [[Windows Subsystem for Linux 2|WSL 2]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Foley|first=Mary Jo|date=2021-04-21|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/new-windows-10-test-build-adds-first-preview-of-linux-gui-apps-on-wsl/|title=New Windows 10 test build adds first preview of Linux GUI apps on WSL|access-date=2021-04-23|website=ZDNet|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Overview==

CBL-MarinerAzure Linux is being developed by the ''Linux Systems Group'' at Microsoft for its edge network services and as part of its [[cloud infrastructure]].<ref name="IW" /> The company uses it as the base Linux for containers in the [[Microsoft Azure|Azure Stack]] [[Hyper-converged infrastructure|HCI]] implementation of Azure [[Kubernetes]] Service.<ref name="ZDNet" /> Microsoft also uses CBL-MarinerAzure Linux in Azure IoT Edge to run Linux workloads on [[Windows IoT]], and as a backend distro to host the [[Weston (software)|Weston]] compositor for [[WSLg]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/wslg-architecture/ |title=WSLg Architecture |last=Pronovost |first=Steve |date=April 19, 2021 |website=Windows Command Line |publisher=Microsoft |access-date=August 14, 2021}}</ref>

In a similar approach to [[ContainerFedora LinuxCoreOS]], CBL-MarinerAzure Linux only has the basic packages needed to support and run containers. Common Linux tools are used to add packages and manage [[security update]]s. Updates are offered either as [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]] [[Package manager|packages]] or as complete [[disk images]] that can be deployed as needed. Using RPM allows adding custom packages to a base CBL-MarinerAzure Linux image to support additional features and services as needed. Notable features include an [[iptables]]-based [[Firewall (computing)|firewall]], support for [[digital signature|signed]] updates, and a [[Hardening (computing)|hardened]] [[Kernel (operating system)|kernel]].<ref name="IW" />

Microsoft released the operating system in 2020.<ref name="IW" /> Its [[source code]] is available on GitHub, mainly under the [[MIT License]], with some components under {{interlanguage link|Photon License|de|Photon OS}}, [[Apache License|Apache License v2]], [[GPLv2]], and [[LGPL 2|LGPLv2.1]].<ref name=":0" /> Building CBL-MarinerAzure Linux requires the [[Go (programming language)|Go]] [[programming language]], [[QEMU]] utilities, and [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]].<ref name="IW" />

Starting from the release 2.0.20240301, Azure Linux was renamed from ''CBL-Mariner'' (Common Base Linux Mariner).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Microsoft-Azure-Linux |title=Microsoft Rebranding CBL-Mariner Linux Distribution To "Azure Linux" |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2024-03-05 |website= |publisher=Phoronix Media |access-date=2024-03-06 }}</ref>

==See also==

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* [https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/azure-stack-blog/azure-kubernetes-service-on-azure-stack-hci-deliver-storage/ba-p/1703996 Azure Kubernetes Service on Azure Stack HCI: deliver Storage Spaces Direct to containers]

* [https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/internet-of-things/enabling-linux-based-azure-iot-edge-modules-on-windows-iot/ba-p/2075882 Enabling Linux based Azure IoT Edge Modules on Windows IoT]

==External links==

* {{Official website|https://github.com/microsoft/CBL-Mariner}}

{{Microsoft Azure Services Platform}}

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