Functional Lumen Imaging Probe: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Medical exam of the esophagus}}

{{Infobox medical intervention

| Name = Functional Lumen Imaging Probe

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==Indications==

FLIP may be used for several indications to evaluate esophageal symptoms, such as dysphagia, chest pain, or regurgitation, or to assess response to treatment. FLIP is used to evaluate for esophageal motility disorders, such as [[achalasia]], [[diffuse esophageal spasm]], etc.<ref name=Savarino>{{cite journal |last1=Savarino |first1=E |last2=di Pietro |first2=M |last3=Bredenoord |first3=AJ |last4=Carlson |first4=DA |last5=Clarke |first5=JO |last6=Khan |first6=A |last7=Vela |first7=MF |last8=Yadlapati |first8=R |last9=Pohl |first9=D |last10=Pandolfino |first10=JE |last11=Roman |first11=S |last12=Gyawali |first12=CP |title=Use of the Functional Lumen Imaging Probe in Clinical Esophagology. |journal=The American Journal of Gastroenterology |date=November 2020 |volume=115 |issue=11 |pages=1786–1796 |doi=10.14309/ajg.0000000000000773 |pmid=33156096|doi-access=free |pmc=9380028 }}</ref> FLIP may be used as a complementary or alternative to esophageal manometry for evaluating esophageal outflow obstructive disorders, including achalasia. FLIP may be used as a complementary test for barium esophagram for evaluating esophageal outflow obstructive disorders. FLIP may be used to assess the effect of treatment for achalasia.{{cn|date=January 2022}}

FLIP is recommended to further evaluate suspected [[esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction]] (EGJOO) where the manometry is normal or borderline.<ref name=Chicago2021>{{cite journal |last1=Yadlapati |first1=R |last2=Kahrilas |first2=PJ |last3=Fox |first3=MR |last4=Bredenoord |first4=AJ |last5=Prakash Gyawali |first5=C |last6=Roman |first6=S |last7=Babaei |first7=A |last8=Mittal |first8=RK |last9=Rommel |first9=N |last10=Savarino |first10=E |last11=Sifrim |first11=D |last12=Smout |first12=A |last13=Vaezi |first13=MF |last14=Zerbib |first14=F |last15=Akiyama |first15=J |last16=Bhatia |first16=S |last17=Bor |first17=S |last18=Carlson |first18=DA |last19=Chen |first19=JW |last20=Cisternas |first20=D |last21=Cock |first21=C |last22=Coss-Adame |first22=E |last23=de Bortoli |first23=N |last24=Defilippi |first24=C |last25=Fass |first25=R |last26=Ghoshal |first26=UC |last27=Gonlachanvit |first27=S |last28=Hani |first28=A |last29=Hebbard |first29=GS |last30=Wook Jung |first30=K |last31=Katz |first31=P |last32=Katzka |first32=DA |last33=Khan |first33=A |last34=Kohn |first34=GP |last35=Lazarescu |first35=A |last36=Lengliner |first36=J |last37=Mittal |first37=SK |last38=Omari |first38=T |last39=Park |first39=MI |last40=Penagini |first40=R |last41=Pohl |first41=D |last42=Richter |first42=JE |last43=Serra |first43=J |last44=Sweis |first44=R |last45=Tack |first45=J |last46=Tatum |first46=RP |last47=Tutuian |first47=R |last48=Vela |first48=MF |last49=Wong |first49=RK |last50=Wu |first50=JC |last51=Xiao |first51=Y |last52=Pandolfino |first52=JE |title=Esophageal motility disorders on high-resolution manometry: Chicago classification version 4.0^©. |journal=Neurogastroenterology and Motility |date=January 2021 |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=e14058 |doi=10.1111/nmo.14058 |pmid=33373111|pmc=8034247 |hdl=2027.42/163962 |url=https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/667141/2/Chicago%204.0%20NMO%202020.pdf |pmc-embargo-date=January 1, 2022 }}</ref> FLIP measurements may be used to guide intraoperative reflux surgery, or to assess the degree of fibrostenotic disease from eosinophilic esophagitis.<ref name=Savarino /><ref name=Hirano>{{cite journal |last1=Hirano |first1=I |last2=Pandolfino |first2=JE |last3=Boeckxstaens |first3=GE |title=Functional Lumen Imaging Probe for the Management of Esophageal Disorders: Expert Review From the Clinical Practice Updates Committee of the AGA Institute. |journal=Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology |date=March 2017 |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=325–334 |doi=10.1016/j.cgh.2016.10.022 |pmid=28212976|pmc=5757507 }}</ref> FLIP may be used to guide endoscopic dilation of esophageal strictures.<ref name=Savarino />

While recommendations exist for its use, the evidence supporting the use of FLIP is of very low quality and further research would be useful in more clearly defining its role.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Massey |first1=BT |title=Clinical Functional Lumen Imaging Probe Testing in Esophageal Disorders: A Need for Better Quality Evidence. |journal=The American Journal of Gastroenterology |date=November 2020 |volume=115 |issue=11 |pages=1799–1801 |doi=10.14309/ajg.0000000000000974 |pmid=33156098|s2cid=222280716 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Massey |first1=BT |title=Flip Technology for Assessing Esophageal Structural and Motor Disorders: a Skeptic's View. |journal=Current Gastroenterology Reports |date=10 July 2020 |volume=22 |issue=9 |pages=44 |doi=10.1007/s11894-020-00782-2 |pmid=32651682|s2cid=220462184 }}</ref>

==History==