Coperture a tetto dell'antichità: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 11:24, 29 lug 2019

Versione attuale delle 16:34, 14 apr 2025

(13 versioni intermedie di 11 utenti non mostrate)

Riga 2:

La '''lista delle coperture a tetto dell'antichità''' comprende le coperture a [[tetti|tetto]] realizzate in epoca Greca e Romana ordinate per luce libera.

Molti edifici della Grecia Classica presentavano una copertura di tipo trilitico basata su architravi e falsi puntoni che spesso aveva bisogno di colonnate interne. I tetti a [[capriata]] comparvero intorno al 550 a.C. in [[Magna Grecia]]<ref name="Hodge 1960, 41"/>. Raggiunsero l'auge con l'[[impero romano]] durante il quale furono realizzati tetti a capriata capaci di coprire spazi a base rettangolare di larghezza superiore a 30 metri in edifici pubblici monumentali quali [[templi]], [[Basilica (architettura civile)|basiliche]] e infine [[Chiesa (architettura)|chiese]]. Le luci di queste coperture erano tre volte più grandi delle maggiori coperture basate su architravi ed erano solamente superate dalle più grandi coperture a [[cupola]].<ref>{{harvnbcita|Ulrich|, 2007|pp=. 148f.}}</ref>

== Tetti della Grecia classica ==

Riga 23:

|[[Magna Grecia|Sicilia]]

|

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44">{{harvnbcita|Hodge|, 1960|pp=38–44. 38-44}}.</ref>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1285" | 12.85}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1285" | 12.85}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39">{{harvnbcita|Hodge|, 1960|p=. 39 (table)}}.</ref>

|-

|[[File:Agrigente 2008 IMG 1937.JPG|150px]]

Riga 32:

|[[Valle dei Templi|Agrigento]]

|[[Magna Grecia|Sicilia]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="-475" | V secolo. a.C.}}<!-- Klein, 1998, p. 356-->

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1184" | 11.84}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1184" | 11.84}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Selinunte (1).jpg|150px]]

Riga 42:

|[[Selinunte]]

|[[Magna Grecia|Sicilia]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="-480" | 480/70 a.C.}}<!-- Klein, 1998, p. 357-->

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1170" | 11.70}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1170" | 11.70}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Attica 06-13 Athens 35 Parthenon.jpg|150px]]

Riga 54:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1920" | 19.20}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1105" | 11.05}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1105" | 11.05}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Serradifalco-Akragas-Tempio-di-Cerere.png|150px]]

Riga 64:

|

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1035" | 10.35}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1035" | 10.35}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:0779_-_Siracusa_-_Duomo_-_Navata_destra_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall'Orto_-_22-May-2008.jpg|150px]]

Riga 74:

|

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0982" | 9.82}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0982" | 9.82}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Athen Erechtheum BW 2017-10-09 13-47-38.jpg|150px]]

Riga 84:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0980" | 9.80}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0980" | 9.80}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|

Riga 93:

|[[Grecia]]

|

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 41">{{harvnbcita|Hodge|, 1960|p=. 41}}.</ref>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0968" | 9.68}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0968" | 9.68}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Tegea.JPG|150px]]

Riga 104:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0894" | 8.94}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0894" | 8.94}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Temple of Zeus - Olympia.JPG|150px]]

Riga 114:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1326" | 13.26}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0852" | 8.52}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0852" | 8.52}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Selinunte-TempleC-Plan-bjs.png|150px]]

Riga 122:

|[[Selinunte]]

|[[Magna Grecia]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="-550" | 550 a.C.}}<!-- Klein, 1998, p. 352-->

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0850" | 8.50}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0850" | 8.50}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|

Riga 134:

|

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0847" | 8.47}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0847" | 8.47}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|

Riga 144:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0834" | 8.34}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0834" | 8.34}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Koldewey-Sicilien-vol2-table13.png|150px]]

Riga 152:

|[[Selinunte]]

|[[Magna Grecia|Sicilia]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="-540" | 540 a.C.}}<!-- Klein, 1998, p. 356-->

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0820" | 8.20}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0820" | 8.20}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Agrigent BW 2012-10-07 12-24-45.JPG|150px]]

Riga 164:

|

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0768" | 7.68}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0768" | 7.68}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:AgrigentTemple BWof 2012-10-07Concordia, 13-09-13Agrigento.jpg|150px]]

|[[Tempio della Concordia (Agrigento)]]

|[[Valle dei Templi|Agrigento]]

|[[Magna Grecia|Sicilia]]

|

|Architrave<ref>{{harvnbcita|Hodge|, 1960|p=. 43}}.</ref>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0755" | 7.55}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0755" | 7.55}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Koldewey-Sicilien-vol2-table15.png|150px]]

Riga 184:

|

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0750" | 7.50}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0750" | 7.50}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:721-Grece.jpg|150px]]

Riga 194:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1072" | 10.72}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0732" | 7.32}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0732" | 7.32}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Selinunte-TempleG-Plan-bjs.png|150px]]

Riga 204:

|

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1793" | 17.93}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0715" | 7.15}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0715" | 7.15}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Selinunte-Temple F 01.JPG|150px]]

Riga 212:

|[[Selinunte]]

|[[Magna Grecia|Sicilia]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="-530" | 530 a.C.}}<!-- Klein, 1998, p. 357-->

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0712" | 7.12}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0712" | 7.12}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|

|[[Tempio di Poseidone]]

|[[Istmo di Corinto]]

|[[Grecia]]

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1170" | 11.7}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0700" | ~7.0}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0700" | ~7.0}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:PoseidonGreece TempleCape atSounion SounioBW 012017-10-09 10-12-43.jpg|150px]]

|[[Capo Sounion|Tempio di Poseidone]]

|[[Attica]]

Riga 234:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0653" | 6.53}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0653" | 6.53}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:ItaliaPaestumHeraionFoceSeleResti.jpg|150px]]

Riga 244:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0614" | 6.14}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0614" | 6.14}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Calydon Aetolia 2010.JPG|150px]]

Riga 254:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0614" | 6.14}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | -}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0614" | 6.14}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Temple at Kardaki in Corfu.jpg|150px]]

Riga 264:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0600" | ~6.0}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0600" | ~6.0}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Paestum_BW_2013-05-17_15-01-57.jpg|150px]]

Riga 272:

|[[Paestum]]

|[[Magna Grecia|Campania]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="-480" | 480/70 a.C.}}<!-- Klein, 1998, p. 357-->

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1085" | 10.85}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0590" | 5.9}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0590" | 5.9}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Paestum BW 2013-05-17 12-26-42.jpg|150px]]

Riga 284:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0570" | 5.70}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0570" | 5.70}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|

Riga 294:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0570" | 5.70}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0570" | 5.70}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|

|-

Riga 303:

|[[Paestum]]

|[[Magna Grecia|Campania]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="-550" | 550–10 a.C.}}<!-- Klein, 1998, p. 355-->

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1144" | 11.44}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0560" | 5.6}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0560" | 5.6}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Metapontum 2013.JPG|150px]]

Riga 315:

|

|

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0560" | 5.60}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0560" | 5.60}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|

Riga 325:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1107" | 11.07}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0553" | 5.53}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0553" | 5.53}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|

Riga 335:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="1080" | 10.80}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0540" | 5.40}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0540" | 5.40}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Bassai Temple Of Apollo Detail.jpg|150px]]

Riga 345:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0681" | 6.81}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0523" | 5.23}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0523" | 5.23}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Rhamnous-2.jpg|150px]]

Riga 355:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0517" | 5.17}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0517" | 5.17}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Metroon in Olympia 2010.jpg|150px]]

Riga 365:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0508" | 5.08}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0508" | 5.08}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Olympia - Temple of Hera 3.jpg|150px]]

Riga 375:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0837" | 8.37}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0484" | 4.84}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0484" | 4.84}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Temple of Hephaestus.jpg|150px]]

Riga 385:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0624" | 6.24}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0474" | 4.74}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0474" | 4.74}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|

Riga 395:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0737" | 7.37}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0410" | 4.1}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0410" | 4.1}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:20100408 epidaure29.JPG|150px]]

Riga 405:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0395" | 3.95}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0000" | –}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0395" | 3.95}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:AphaeaTemple061.jpg|150px]]

Riga 415:

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0628" | 6.28}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0385" | 3.85}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0385" | 3.85}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:Siracusa-Temple-of-Apoll-Plan-bjs.png|150px]]

Riga 425:

|

|Capriata<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0970" | 9.70}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0360" | {3.6}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0360" | 3.6}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|[[File:TempleKorinth ofBW Apollo2017-10-10 Ancient Corinth10-55-28.jpg|130px]]

|[[Tempio di Apollo (Corinto)|Tempio di Apollo]]

|[[Corinto (città antica)|Corinto]]

|[[Grecia]]

|

|Architrave<ref name="Hodge 1960, 38–44"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0847" | 8.47}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0345" | 3.45}}

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0345" | 3.45}}<ref name="Hodge 1960, 39"/>

|-

|}

Riga 458:

|[[Roma]]

|[[Lazio]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0092" | 92 d.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="3167" | 31.67}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149">{{harvnbcita|Ulrich|, 2007|p=. 149}}.</ref>

|-

|

Riga 466:

|[[Aosta]]

|[[Valle d'Aosta]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0002" |}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="3049" | 30.49}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|

Riga 474:

|[[Roma]]

|[[Lazio]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0004" | 7 a.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="2960" | 29.60?}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|[[File:Domus_Flavia_-_Triclinium.png|150px]]

Riga 482:

|[[Roma]]

|[[Lazio]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0092" | 92 d.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="2930" | 29.30}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|[[File:Trier Konstantinbasilika BW 4.JPG|150px]]

Riga 490:

|[[Augusta Treverorum]]

|[[Germania]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0300" | 300 d.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="2605" | 26.05}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|

Riga 498:

|[[Pompeii]]

|[[Campania]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0001" | 80 a.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="2575" | 25.75}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|[[File:OdeonofagrippaAthensSitePlan.png|150px]]

Riga 506:

|[[Atene]]

|[[Grecia]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0003" | 15 a.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="2575" | 25.75}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|[[File:TemploTemple deof venusVenus eand roma2Roma (14819291950).jpg|150px]]

|[[Tempio di Venere e Roma]]

|[[Roma]]

|[[Lazio]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0135" | 135 d.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="2575" | 25.75}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|[[File:Basilica Ulpia J Guadet 1867.jpg|150px]]

Riga 522:

|[[Roma]]

|[[Lazio]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0113" | 113 d.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="2516" | 25.16}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|[[File:SaintPaul on the inside.jpg|150px]]

Riga 530:

|[[Roma]]

|[[Lazio]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0385" | 385 d.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="2427" | 24.27}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|[[File:Affresco dell'aspetto antico della basilica costantiniana di san pietro nel IV secolo.jpg|150px]]

Riga 538:

|[[Roma]]

|[[Lazio]]

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="0330" | 330 d.C.}}

|Capriata<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|{{Sort|data-sort-value="2368" | 23.68}}<ref name="Ulrich 2007, 149"/>

|-

|}

Riga 548:

== Bibliografia ==

*{{cita libro| cognome= Hodge|nome= A. Trevor|anno= 1960 |titolo= The Woodwork of Greek Roofs | url= https://archive.org/details/woodworkofgreekr0000atre| editore= Cambridge University Press|lingua=inglese|cid= Hodge, 1960}}

* {{cita libro|cognome= Ulrich|nome= Roger B|titolo= Roman Woodworking|url= https://archive.org/details/romanwoodworking0000ulri|editore= Yale University Press|anno=2007|isbn=0-300-10341-7|lingua=inglese|cid= RogerUlrich, B. Ulrich2007}}

* {{cita pubblicazione |cognome= Klein |nome= Nancy L.|anno= 1998|titolo= Evidence for West Greek Influence on Mainland Greek Roof Construction and the Creation of the Truss in the Archaic Period |rivista= Hesperia |volume=67 |numero= 4|paginepp=335–374335-374|cid= NancyKlein, L. Klein1998}}

== Voci correlate ==