Allen Forte: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 17:50, 22 nov 2019

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|Nome = Allen

|Cognome = Forte

|CognomePrima =

|ForzaOrdinamento = Forte, Allen

|Sesso = M

|LuogoNascita = Portland

|LuogoNascitaLink = Portland (Oregon)

|GiornoMeseNascita = 23 dicembre

|AnnoNascita = 1926

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|GiornoMeseMorte = 16 ottobre

|AnnoMorte = 2014

|Epoca = 1900

|Attività = musicologo

|Epoca2 = 2000

|Attività = teorico musicale

|AttivitàAttività2 = musicologo

|Nazionalità = statunitense

'''Allen Forte''' (December 23, 1926 – October 16, 2014) was an American [[music theory|musicPostNazionalità theorist]]= and [[musicologist]].<ref>{{citeCita web|url=http://news.yale.edu/2014/10/17/memoriam-allen-forte-music-theorist|titletitolo=In memoriam Allen Forte, music theorist|publishereditore=news.yale.edu|datedata=October17 17,ottobre 2014}}</ref>. HeEra wasprofessore Battellemerito Professordi Emeritusteoria ofmusicale thepresso Theory[[Università ofYale]] Musice atspecializzato in [[Yalemusica Universityatonale]] anddel specialized[[XX insecolo]] 20th-centurye atonal[[analisi music and music analysis.musicale]]<ref>http://news.yale.edu/2014/10/17/memoriam-allen-forte-music-theorist</ref>

|Immagine = Allen Forte with Madeleine DSC04123.jpg

|Didascalia = Allen Forte con la moglie Madeleine

|Didascalia2DimImmagine = 350

|DimImmagine = 250

}}

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== Biografia ==

'''Allen Forte''' (December 23, 1926 – October 16, 2014) was an American [[music theory|music theorist]] and [[musicologist]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.yale.edu/2014/10/17/memoriam-allen-forte-music-theorist|title=In memoriam Allen Forte, music theorist|publisher=news.yale.edu|date=October 17, 2014}}</ref> He was Battell Professor Emeritus of the Theory of Music at [[Yale University]] and specialized in 20th-century atonal music and music analysis.<ref>http://news.yale.edu/2014/10/17/memoriam-allen-forte-music-theorist</ref>

Forte nacque a [[Portland (Oregon)|Portland]], [[Oregon]]. All'età di dieci anni apparve "in uno spettacolo radiofonico [locale] come pianista solista in mezzo ad una folla di artisti altrettanto giovani", dove ha suonato la musica di [[Cole Porter]] ed altri.<ref>Allen Forte, "Secrets of Melody: Line and Design in the Songs of Cole Porter," Musical Quarterly 77/4 (1993), unnumbered note on 644-645.</ref> È stato arruolato nella [[United States Navy|Marina degli Stati Uniti]] e prestò servizio nella [[Guerra del Pacifico (1941-1945)|Guerra del Pacifico]] verso la fine della [[seconda guerra mondiale]].

Afterwards,In heseguito, relocatedsi totrasferì thea [[New York City]] toper studystudiare musicmusica atalla [[Columbia University]], wheredove heconseguì receivedla his bachelor'slaurea, il master's, ande doctoralil degreesdottorato. There,Lì hestudiò studiedcomposizione compositioncon with [[Otto Luening]] ande [[Vladimir Ussachevsky]], althoughsebbene hisi mainsuoi interestsinteressi wereprincipali formingsi aroundstessero musicfocalizzando theorysulla teoria e l'analisi anddella analysismusica.<ref>David Carson Berry, "Journal of Music Theory under Allen Forte’s Editorship," ''Journal of Music Theory'' 50/1 (2006), 8.</ref>

==Early life and education==

Forte was born in [[Portland, Oregon]]. At the age of ten he appeared "on a [local] radio show as a solo pianist among a bevy of similarly youthful performers," where he played the music of Cole Porter and others.<ref>Allen Forte, "Secrets of Melody: Line and Design in the Songs of Cole Porter," Musical Quarterly 77/4 (1993), unnumbered note on 644-645.</ref> He was in the US Navy and served in the [[Pacific War|Pacific Theatre]] toward the end of World War II.

== Carriera accademica ==

Afterwards, he relocated to the [[New York City]] to study music at [[Columbia University]] where he received his bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. There, he studied composition with [[Otto Luening]] and [[Vladimir Ussachevsky]], although his main interests were forming around music theory and analysis.<ref>David Carson Berry, "Journal of Music Theory under Allen Forte’s Editorship," ''Journal of Music Theory'' 50/1 (2006), 8.</ref>

InAlla thefine latedegli 1950s,anni '50 Forte taughtinsegnò musicmusica atin varie istituzioni variousdi New York institutions: [[Teachers College,il Columbia University|Columbia University Teachers College]], la [[Manhattan School of Music]], ande [[Mannesil College The New School for Music|Mannes College of Music]]. InNell'autunno falldel 1959 heiniziò beganil hissuo long-termincarico appointmenta atlungo termine a [[YaleUniversità UniversityYale|Yale]], wheredove healla eventuallyfine became thedivenne "Battell Professor of Music" (retiringritirandosi innel 2003).<ref>David Carson Berry, "Journal of Music Theory under Allen Forte’s Editorship," ''Journal of Music Theory'' 50/1 (2006), 9-10; and Berry, "Our Festschrift for Allen: An Introduction and Conclusion," in ''A Music-Theoretical Matrix: Essays in Honor of Allen Forte'' (Part V), ed. David Carson Berry, ''Gamut'' 6/2 (2013), 3.</ref> HeFu wasimportante influentialsia therecome asstudioso bothche scholarcome andinsegnante teacher, ande in thequest'ultima latterveste capacityfu servedsupervisore asdi advisorsettantadue totesi seventy-twodi Ph.D.[[Dottorato dissertationsdi completedricerca|dottorato]] betweencompletate tra il 1968 ande il 2002. (Yale didnon notoffriva offerun adottorato Ph.D.di ricerca in theoryteoria forper thei firstprimi severalanni yearsin cui Forte wasera therelì.) AUn listelenco ofdi alltutti hisi adviseessuoi andconsiglieri theirdi dissertationdottorato titlese appearsdei loro titoli di tesi appare in "[http://trace.tennessee.edu/gamut/vol2/iss1/ ''David Carson Berry, "The Twin Legacies of a Scholar-Teacher: The Publications and Dissertation Advisees of Allen Forte," Gamut 2/1 (2009), 197-222'']. TheL'elenco listè isordinato orderedcronologicamente chronologicallyper bydata submission,di andpresentazione eache adviseead isogni givenconsigliere andi dottorato viene assegnato un numero "FA" numberper toindicare denoteil hissuo orordine hertra orderingi among the adviseesconsulenti. ("FA" standssta forper “Forte"Forte Advisee,”" and(''Consigliere isdi alsoForte'') aed retrogradeè ofanche una versione retrograda delle iniziali di Allen Forte's initials.)

== Pubblicazioni ==

==Academic career==

Forte isè wellnoto knownper foril hissuo booklibro ''[https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300021202/structure-atonal-music The Structure of Atonal Music]'' (''La struttura della musica atonale'', 1973), whichdove tracessi manyrintracciano ofmolte itsdelle rootssue toradici anin articleun ofarticolo adi decadeun earlierdecennio prima: "''A Theory of Set-Complexes for Music"'' (''Una teoria degli insiemi complessi per la musica'', 1964).<ref>Allen Forte, "A Theory of Set-Complexes for Music," Journal of Music Theory 8/2 (1964): 136-183.</ref> In thesequesti works,lavori heegli "appliedapplicava [[Seti theoryprincipi (music)|set-theoretic]]della principlesteoria todegli theinsiemi analysisall'analisi ofdi unorderedraccolte collectionsnon ofordinate pitchdi classesclassi di toni, calledchiamate pitch-classinsiemi setsdi classi di pitch (pc sets). [...] TheL'obiettivo basicfondamentale goaldella ofteoria di Forte's theoryera wasdi todefinire definele thevarie variousrelazioni relationshipsesistenti thattra existedle amongserie thepertinenti relevantdi setsun'opera, ofin amodo work,da sopoter thatdimostrare contextualla coherencecoerenza couldcontestuale be demonstrated.". AlthoughAnche these methodologyla derivedmetodologia fromderivata Forte’sdal worklavoro di Forte "hasha hadavuto itsi detractorssuoi detrattori... textbooksi onlibri di testo sull'analisi post-tonaltonale analysisora nowla routinelyinsegnano teach itabitualmente (toa varyingvari degreeslivelli)."<ref>David Carson Berry, "Theory," sect. 5.iv (“Pitch-class set theory”), in ''The Grove Dictionary of American Music'', 2nd edition, ed. Charles Hiroshi Garrett (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), 8:175-176.</ref>

In the late 1950s, Forte taught music at various New York institutions: [[Teachers College, Columbia University|Columbia University Teachers College]], [[Manhattan School of Music]], and [[Mannes College The New School for Music|Mannes College of Music]]. In fall 1959 he began his long-term appointment at [[Yale University|Yale]], where he eventually became the Battell Professor of Music (retiring in 2003).<ref>David Carson Berry, "Journal of Music Theory under Allen Forte’s Editorship," ''Journal of Music Theory'' 50/1 (2006), 9-10; and Berry, "Our Festschrift for Allen: An Introduction and Conclusion," in ''A Music-Theoretical Matrix: Essays in Honor of Allen Forte'' (Part V), ed. David Carson Berry, ''Gamut'' 6/2 (2013), 3.</ref> He was influential there as both scholar and teacher, and in the latter capacity served as advisor to seventy-two Ph.D. dissertations completed between 1968 and 2002. (Yale did not offer a Ph.D. in theory for the first several years Forte was there.) A list of all his advisees and their dissertation titles appears in [http://trace.tennessee.edu/gamut/vol2/iss1/ David Carson Berry, "The Twin Legacies of a Scholar-Teacher: The Publications and Dissertation Advisees of Allen Forte," Gamut 2/1 (2009), 197-222]. The list is ordered chronologically by submission, and each advisee is given an "FA" number to denote his or her ordering among the advisees. ("FA" stands for “Forte Advisee,” and is also a retrograde of Allen Forte's initials.)

Forte ha pubblicato analisi delle opere di [[Anton Webern|Webern]] e [[Alban Berg|Berg]] ed ha scritto sull'[[analisi schenkeriana]] e sulla musica del [[Great American Songbook]]. Una bibliografia completa e annotata delle sue pubblicazioni appare nell'articolo precedentemente citato, [http://trace.tennessee.edu/gamut/vol2/iss1/ Berry, ''The Twin Legacies of a Scholar-Teacher'']. Escludendo gli articoli redatti solo da Forte, elenca dieci libri, sessantatré articoli e trentasei pubblicazioni di altro tipo, dal 1955 all'inizio del 2009.

==Publications==

Forte is well known for his book ''[https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300021202/structure-atonal-music The Structure of Atonal Music]'' (1973), which traces many of its roots to an article of a decade earlier: "A Theory of Set-Complexes for Music" (1964).<ref>Allen Forte, "A Theory of Set-Complexes for Music," Journal of Music Theory 8/2 (1964): 136-183.</ref> In these works, he "applied [[Set theory (music)|set-theoretic]] principles to the analysis of unordered collections of pitch classes, called pitch-class sets (pc sets). [...] The basic goal of Forte's theory was to define the various relationships that existed among the relevant sets of a work, so that contextual coherence could be demonstrated." Although the methodology derived from Forte’s work "has had its detractors ... textbooks on post-tonal analysis now routinely teach it (to varying degrees)."<ref>David Carson Berry, "Theory," sect. 5.iv (“Pitch-class set theory”), in ''The Grove Dictionary of American Music'', 2nd edition, ed. Charles Hiroshi Garrett (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), 8:175-176.</ref>

Forte wasfu alsoanche theeditorialista editor of thedel ''[[Journal of Music Theory]]'' duringdurante anun importantperiodo periodimportante indel itssuo developmentsviluppo, fromdal volume 4/2 (1960) through all'11/1 (1967). HisIl involvementsuo withimpegno thecon journalil diario, includinginclusi manymolti biographicaldettagli detailsbiografici, isè addressedaffrontato in David Carson Berry, "''Journal of Music Theory under Allen Forte's Editorship," '', Journal of Music Theory'' 50/1 (2006): 7-23 di David Carson Berry.

Forte published analyses of the works of [[Anton Webern|Webern]] and [[Alban Berg|Berg]] and wrote about [[Schenkerian analysis]] and music of the [[Great American Songbook]]. A complete, annotated bibliography of his publications appears in the previously cited article, [http://trace.tennessee.edu/gamut/vol2/iss1/ Berry, "The Twin Legacies of a Scholar-Teacher."] Excluding items only edited by Forte, it lists ten books, sixty-three articles, and thirty-six other types publications, from 1955 through early 2009

== Onorificenze e premi ==

Forte was also the editor of the ''[[Journal of Music Theory]]'' during an important period in its development, from volume 4/2 (1960) through 11/1 (1967). His involvement with the journal, including many biographical details, is addressed in David Carson Berry, "Journal of Music Theory under Allen Forte's Editorship," ''Journal of Music Theory'' 50/1 (2006): 7-23.

HeÈ hasstato beenonorato honoredda bydue two [[Festschriften]] (homagevolumi volumesdi omaggi). TheIl firstprimo, in commemorationcommemorazione ofdel hissuo seventiethsettantesimo birthdaycompleanno, wasfu publishedpubblicato innel 1997 ande editedcurato bydai hissuoi formerex studentsstudenti James M. Baker, David W. Beach, ande Jonathan W. Bernard (FA12, FA6, ande FA11, accordingsecondo tol'elenco di Berry's list). It wasÈ titledintitolato ''[http://www.urpress.com/store/viewItem.asp?idProduct=10504 Music Theory in Concept and Practice]'' (aun titletitolo derivedderivato fromdal Forte'slibro 1962di undergraduatetesto textbookuniversitario di Forte del 1962, ''Tonal Harmony in Concept and Practice''). TheIl secondsecondo wasè serializedstato serializzato in fivecinque installmentspuntate ofdi ''[[Gamut: The Journal of the Music Theory Society of the Mid-Atlantic]]'', betweentra il 2009 ande il 2013. ItÈ wasstato editedcurato by Fortedall'sex formerstudente studentdi Forte [[David Carson Berry]] (FA72) anded è wasstato titledintitolato ''[http://trace.tennessee.edu/gamut/vol2/iss1/ A Music-Theoretical Matrix: Essays in Honor of Allen Forte]'' (aun titletitolo derivedderivato fromdalla monografia di Forte's 1961del monograph1961, ''A Compositional Matrix''). ItComprendeva includedventidue twenty-twoarticoli articlesdi byex Forte'sconsiglieri formerdi doctoraldottorato advisees,di andForte e threetre specialcaratteristiche featuresspeciali: aun previouslyarticolo unpublishedinedito articledi byForte Forte,sulle oncanzoni Gershwindi songsGershwin; auna collectionraccolta ofdi tributesomaggi ande reminiscencesreminiscenze fromdi forty-twoquarantadue ofdei hissuoi formerex advisees;consiglieri ande anun annotatedregistro registerannotato ofdelle hissue publicationspubblicazioni ande dei suoi adviseesconsulenti.

== Vita privata ==

==Honors and awards==

Forte era sposato con la pianista [[Francia|francese]] [http://forte.music.unt.edu/archive/madeleineforte/index.html Madeleine (Hsu) Forte] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405061220/http://forte.music.unt.edu/archive/madeleineforte/index.html |data=5 aprile 2018 }}, professoressa emerita di pianoforte alla Boise State University.

He has been honored by two [[Festschriften]] (homage volumes). The first, in commemoration of his seventieth birthday, was published in 1997 and edited by his former students James M. Baker, David W. Beach, and Jonathan W. Bernard (FA12, FA6, and FA11, according to Berry's list). It was titled ''[http://www.urpress.com/store/viewItem.asp?idProduct=10504 Music Theory in Concept and Practice]'' (a title derived from Forte's 1962 undergraduate textbook, ''Tonal Harmony in Concept and Practice''). The second was serialized in five installments of ''[[Gamut: The Journal of the Music Theory Society of the Mid-Atlantic]]'', between 2009 and 2013. It was edited by Forte's former student [[David Carson Berry]] (FA72) and was titled ''[http://trace.tennessee.edu/gamut/vol2/iss1/ A Music-Theoretical Matrix: Essays in Honor of Allen Forte]'' (a title derived from Forte's 1961 monograph, ''A Compositional Matrix''). It included twenty-two articles by Forte's former doctoral advisees, and three special features: a previously unpublished article by Forte, on Gershwin songs; a collection of tributes and reminiscences from forty-two of his former advisees; and an annotated register of his publications and advisees.

==Personal lifeNote==

<references/>

Forte was married to the French-born pianist [http://forte.music.unt.edu/archive/madeleineforte/index.html Madeleine (Hsu) Forte], emerita professor of piano at [[Boise State University]].

== Bibliografia ==

== Bibliography (Books and seminal articles) ==

* (1955) ''Contemporary Tone-Structures''. New York: Bureau of Publications, Columbia Univ. Teachers College.

* (1959) “Schenker's Conception of Musical Structure,” ''Journal of Music Theory'', iii, 1–30.

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* (1990) “Musorgsky as Modernist: the Phantasmic Episode from ''Boris Godunov'',” ''Music Analysis'', ix, 1–42.

* (1991) “Debussy and the Octatonic,” ''Music Analysis'', x, 125–69.

* (1991) “The Mask of Tonality: Alban Berg's Symphonic Epilogue to ''Wozzeck'',” ''Alban Berg: Analytical and Historical Perspectives'', ed. D. Gable and R.P. Morgan, Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 151–200.

* (1992) “Concepts of Linearity in Schoenberg's Atonal Music: a Study of the Opus 15 Song Cycle,” ''Journal of Music Theory'', xxxvi, 285–382.

* (1993) “Foreground Rhythm in Early Twentieth-Century Music,” ''Early Twentieth-Century Music'', ed. J. Dunsby Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 132–47.

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* (2001) ''Listening to Classic American Popular Songs''. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.

==SeeVoci alsocorrelate==

* [[ForteNumero numberdi Forte]]

* [[Insieme (musica)|Insieme]]

* [[Teoria musicale]]

* [[Analisi musicale]]

==Collegamenti esterni==

==References==

{{reflist}}

==External links==

* {{Collegamenti esterni}}

*[http://allenforte.music.unt.edu/ Allen Forte's website]

*[https://archive.is/20121212144910/http://music.fsu.edu/Quicklinks/Music-Library/Research-Resources/Special-Collections/Personal-Collections/Allen-Forte-Treatise-Collection] The Allen Forte Treatise Collection] at the Warren D. Allen Music Library at Florida State University

*[http://forte.music.unt.edu/] Allen Forte Electronic Archive (AFEA):] Unpublished papers, notes, sketches, and video clips available for viewing and download through the Center for Schenkerian Studies at the University of North Texas.

{{Controllo di autorità}}

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[[Categoria:Professori dell'Università Yale]]

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