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{{Short description|Operator of the electric power distribution system}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2013}}
A '''distribution network operator''' ('''DNO'''), also known as a '''distribution system operator''' ('''DSO'''), is the operator of the [[electric power distribution]] system which delivers electricity to most end users. Each country may have many local distribution network operators, which are separate from the [[transmission system operator]]
== France ==
In [[France]], [[Enedis]], a subsidiary of [[Électricité de France|EDF]], distributes approximately 95% of electricity, with the remaining 5% distributed by 160 local electricity and gas distribution companies (''entreprises locales de distribution d'électricité et de gaz'' or ELD).<ref name=proriol>[[Jean Proriol]], [http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/13/rap-info/i3307.asp Rapport d'information
== Great Britain ==
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=== History ===
[[File:Distribution Network Operators.PNG|220px|thumb|Map of DNO licence areas, coloured by company group (situation as of 2010)]]
In 1990, the area boards were replaced by [[regional electricity company|regional electricity companies]], which were then privatised. The distribution network operators are the successors to the distribution arms of the regional electricity companies. The distribution network operators have a trade association called the [[Energy Networks Association (United Kingdom)|Energy Networks Association]].
{| class="wikitable sortable"
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! GSP Group ID
! Area ID
! TLF Zone
! Area
! DNO company
! Group
! Former area electricity board
! MPAS Operator ID
|-
| _A
| 10
| 1
| East England |
| [[UK Power Networks]]
| [[Eastern Electricity]]
| EELC
|-
| _B
| 11
| 2
| East Midlands |
| [[National Grid Electricity Distribution]]
| [[East Midlands Electricity]]
| EMEB
|-
| _C
| 12
| 3
| London
| London Power Networks plc
| [[UK Power Networks]]
| [[London Electricity Board]]
| LOND
|-
| _D
| 13
| 4
| North Wales, Merseyside and Cheshire
| SP Manweb plc
| [[ScottishPower#Energy Networks|SP Energy Networks]]
| [[MANWEB]]
| MANW
|-
| _E
| 14
| 5
| West Midlands |
| [[National Grid Electricity Distribution]]
| [[Midlands Electricity]]
| MIDE
|-
| _F
| 15
| 6
| North East England |
| [[Northern Powergrid]]
| [[North Eastern Electricity Board]]
| NEEB
|-
| _G
| 16
| 7
| North West England |
| [[Electricity North West]]
| [[NORWEB]]
| NORW
|-
| _P
| 17
| 14
| North Scotland | Scottish Hydro-Electric Power Distribution plc
| [[Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks]]
| [[North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board]]
| HYDE
|-
| _N
| 18
| 13
| South and Central Scotland
| SP Distribution plc
| [[ScottishPower#Energy Networks|SP Energy Networks]]
| [[South of Scotland Electricity Board]]
| SPOW
|-
| _J
| 19
| 9
| South East England |
| [[UK Power Networks]]
| [[Seeboard]]
| SEEB
|-
| _H
| 20
| 8
| Southern England |
| [[Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks]]
| [[Southern Electric]]
| SOUT
|-
| _K
| 21
| 10
| South Wales |
| [[National Grid Electricity Distribution]]
| [[SWALEC]]
| SWAE
|-
| _L
| 22
| 11
| South West England |
| [[National Grid Electricity Distribution]]
| [[SWEB Energy|SWEB]]
| SWEB
|-
| _M
| 23
| 12
|
| Northern Powergrid (Yorkshire) | [[Northern Powergrid]]
| [[Yorkshire Electricity]]
| YELG
|}
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|-
! 34
| mua Electricity Ltd
| mua Electricity Ltd
| MPDL
|-
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| Vattenfall Networks Ltd
| VATT
|-
!37
|Optimal Power Networks
|Optimal Power Networks
|FORB
|-
!38
|Indigo Power Limited
|Indigo Power Limited
|INDI
|-
!39
|Squire Energy Metering Ltd
|Squire Energy Metering Ltd
|STRK
|-
!40
|Utility Assets Limited
|Utility Assets Limited
|UTAL
|-
!42
|Advanced Electricity Networks
|Advanced Electricity Networks
|AENL
|-
!43
|IDCS Ltd
|IDCS Ltd
|IDCS
|}
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A further, smaller level of distribution is the building network operator (BNO), usually a company employed by the building owner, in a large building with many meters, such as a block of private flats.
In this case, the DNO may act as BNO and its responsibility may include the sub-mains to the individual flats, or DNO responsibility may end at the first incomer, in which case the independent BNO is responsible for the secure distribution cabling 'laterals' between that point and the individual fuses and meters.
|date=2016-04-22 |title=Engineering Design Standard EDS 08-0118: Multi-Occupied Building Supplies |access-date=2016-06-07 |archive-date=2016-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706045100/http://library.ukpowernetworks.co.uk/library/en/g81/Design_and_Planning/Planning_and_Design/Documents/EDS+08-0118+Multi-Occupied+Building+Supplies.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> Unlike a DNO or an IDNO, BNOs may be exempted from any licensing requirement by schedules 2 and 3 of The Electricity (Class Exemptions from the Requirement for a Licence) Order 2001<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Electricity (Class Exemptions from the Requirement for a Licence) Order 2001 |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3270/made}}</ref> and this allows those responsible for the building network (such as a housing association) to employ any suitable electrical contractor on an ad-hoc basis.
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