Jambu fruit dove: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Species of bird}}

{{Taxobox

{{speciesbox

| color = pink

| nameimage = 0A2A4256 Jambu Fruit-doveDove.jpg

| image = JambuFruitDove.JPG

| image_width = 250px

| status = NT

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| regnum = [[Animal]]ia

| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International. |year=2017 |amends=2016 |title=''Ramphiculus jambu'' |volume=2017 |page=e.T22691341A111022249 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22691341A111022249.en |access-date=5 March 2025}}</ref>

| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]

| binomialgenus = ''Ptilinopus jambu''

| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]

| species = '''''P. jambu'''''

| ordo = [[Columbiformes]]

| binomial_authorityauthority = ([[Johann Friedrich Gmelin|Gmelin, JF]], 1789)

| familia = [[Columbidae]]

| genussynonyms = ''[[Ptilinopus]]Ramphiculus jambu''

| species = '''''P. jambu'''''

| binomial = ''Ptilinopus jambu''

| binomial_authority = [[Johann Friedrich Gmelin|Gmelin]], 1789

}}

The '''Jambujambu fruit Fruit-dove''', ('''''Ptilinopus jambu''''') is a smallish colourful [[fruit- dove]]. It is a resident breeding species in southern [[Thailand]], [[Malaysia]], [[Brunei]] and the [[Indonesia]]n islands of [[Kalimantan]], [[Sumatra]] and [[Java]]. It is a [[monotypic]] species.<ref name=ioc/>

== Taxonomy ==

The Jambu Fruit-dove inhabits mangrove swamps and lowland rainforests up to 1,500 m and is also found in second growth woodland. The male holds a breeding territory, advertised by raising its wings, bobbing its body and cooing. It will defend its territory with a quick peck if the territorial display fails. The female builds a flimsy nest of twigs, roots and grasses, which are collected by her mate, in a tree and lays one or sometimes two white eggs which are incubated for about 20 days to hatching, with a further 12 or more days to fledging.

The jambu fruit dove was [[Species description|formally described]] in 1789 by the German naturalist [[Johann Friedrich Gmelin]] in his revised and expanded edition of [[Carl Linnaeus]]'s ''[[Systema Naturae]]''. He placed it with all the other doves and pigeons in the [[genus]] ''[[Columba (genus)|Columba]]'' and coined the [[binomial nomenclature|binomial name]] ''Columba jambu''.<ref>{{ cite book | last=Gmelin | first=Johann Friedrich | author-link=Johann Friedrich Gmelin| year=1789 | title=Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis | edition=13th | volume=1, Part 2 | language=Latin | ___location=Lipsiae [Leipzig] | publisher=Georg. Emanuel. Beer | page=784 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2656279 }}</ref> Gmelin gave the [[type locality (biology)|locality]] as [[Java]], he based his description on the "pooni-jamboo" that had been first described in 1783<!-- 1st edition --> by the Irish orientalist [[William Marsden (orientalist)|William Marsden]] in his book ''The History of Sumatra''.<ref name="THoS">{{Cite book | last=Marsden | first=William | author-link=William Marsden (orientalist) | date=1811 | title=The History of Sumatra |edition=3rd | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/209985#page/114/mode/1up | ___location=London | publisher=W. Marsden }}</ref>{{rp|125}} ''Punai jambu'' is the [[Malay language|Malay]] name for the species which William wrote comes from the colour of its head which is similar to the flower of the [[Syzygium malaccense|Malay rose apple]] (''Eugenia malaccense''<!-- xct nm in cttn, spcs synnm -->) tree or known to him later<!-- in 3rd edition of THoS --> as ''jambu merah'';<ref name="THoS"/>{{rp|99}} this word ''jambu'' was used as the bird's specific epithet.<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | ___location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page= 211}}</ref>

The jambu fruit dove is now placed with nearly 60 other fruit doves in the genus ''[[Ptilinopus]]'' that was introduced in 1825 by the English naturalist [[William Swainson]].<ref>{{ cite journal | last=Swainson | first=William | author-link=William Swainson | year=1825 | title=On the characters and natural affinities of several new birds from Australasia; including some observations on the Columbidae | journal=Zoological Journal | volume=1 | pages=463–484 [473–474] | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27571200 }}</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=January 2022 | title=Pigeons | work=IOC World Bird List Version 12.1 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/pigeons/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=22 August 2022 }}</ref>

The Jambu Fruit-dove is 23-27 cm long and weighs about 42 g. It is a plump small-headed bird with soft feathers and very distinctive colouring including a white eye ring, orange [[Beak|bill]] and red legs. The call is a soft, low ''coo''.

==Description==

The adult male has a crimson face with a black chin, unmarked green upperparts and white underparts, with a pink patch on the breast and a chocolate brown undertail. The female differs from the male in that she has a dull purple face with a dark chin. The underparts are green with a white belly and cinnamon undertail. The immature Jambu Fruit-dove resembles the female but has a green face. The young male acquires its full adult plumage in about 39 weeks from fledging.

[[File:Ptilinopus jambu.ogv|thumb|right|Male feeding on the ground]]

The jambu fruit dove is {{cvt|23|–|27|cm}} long and weighs about {{cvt|42|g|oz}}. It is a plump small-headed bird with soft feathers and very distinctive colouring including a white eye ring, orange [[beak|bill]] and red legs in both male and female birds.<ref name="MYBIS">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mybis.gov.my/sp/22403 |title=''Ptilinopus jambu'' |date=2022 |website=Malaysia Biodiversity Information System |publisher=[[Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (Malaysia)|Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources Malaysia]], Malaysia Biodiversity Centre & [[ Forest Research Institute Malaysia]] |access-date=29 September 2022}}</ref>

The adult male has a crimson face with a black chin, unmarked dark green upperparts and [[Ivory (color)|ivory]] white underparts, with a pink patch on the breast and a chocolate brown undertail. The female differs from the male inby that she hashaving a dull purple face with a dark chin. The underparts are dull green with a white belly and cinnamon undertail.or The[[buff immature(colour)|buff]] Jambu Fruit-dove resembles the female but has a green faceundertail.<ref Thename="MYBIS" young male acquires its full adult plumage in about 39 weeks from fledging./>

The Jambu Fruit-dove is a shy and inconspicuous bird, camouflaged against the forest canopy by its green plumage. It is usually seen alone or in pairs, but a sizable flock may gather when feeding at a fruit tree. It eats fruit directly from the tree, or from the ground if items have been dropped by [[hornbill]]s or [[monkey]]s. Like other doves, but unlike most birds, it can drink by sucking.

The immature jambu fruit dove resembles the female but has a green face. The young male acquires its full adult plumage in about 39 weeks from fledging. Immature males are similar in appearance to females. The call is a soft, low ''coo''.

Extensive deforestation in Indonesia and Malaysia means that this dove is now threatened, although its ability to live in second growth and at higher elevation means that its situation is not as critical as that of some forest bird species. The Jambu Fruit-dove is evaluated as Near Threatened on the [[IUCN Red List]] of Threatened Species.

==Distribution and habitat==

==Video==

The jambu fruit dove is found on the [[Malay Peninsula]] through [[Sumatra]] (including [[Riau Archipelago]]) and the islands of [[Nias]], [[Bangka Island|Bangka]] and [[Belitung]]) to [[Borneo]] and perhaps in west [[Java]]. It inhabits mangrove swamps and lowland rain forests up to {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} and is also found in [[secondary forest|secondary woodland]].<ref name=hbw>{{ cite book | last1=Baptista | first1=L.F. | last2=Trail | first2=P.W. | last3=Horblit | first3=H.M. | year=1997 | chapter=Jambu fruit-dove | editor1-last=del Hoyo | editor1-first=J. | editor2-last=Elliott | editor2-first=A. | editor3-last=Sargatal | editor3-first=J. | title=Handbook of the Birds of the World | volume=4: Sandgrouse to Cuckoos | ___location=Barcelona, Spain | publisher=Lynx Edicions | isbn=978-84-87334-22-1 | page=207 | chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0004unse/page/207/mode/1up | chapter-url-access=registration }}</ref>

{{multi-video start}}

{{multi-video item|filename= Ptilinopus_jambu.ogg|title=A male Jambu Fruit-dove|description=Taken in [[Disney's Animal Kingdom]]|format=[[Theora]]}}

==Behaviour and ecology==

{{multi-video end}}

The Jambujambu fruit Fruit-dove is a shy and inconspicuous bird, camouflaged against the forest canopy by its green plumage. It is usually seen alone or in pairs, but a sizable flock may gather when feeding at a fruit tree. It eats fruit directly from the tree, or from the ground if items have been dropped by [[hornbill]]s or [[monkey]]s. Like other doves, but unlike most birds, it can drink by sucking.

===Breeding===

The Jambu Fruit-dove inhabits mangrove swamps and lowland rainforests up to 1,500 m and is also found in second growth woodland. The male holds a breeding territory, advertised by raising its wings, bobbing its body and cooing. It will defend its territory with a quick peck if the territorial display fails. The female builds a flimsy nest of twigs, roots and grasses, which are collected by her mate, in a tree and lays one or sometimes two white eggs which are incubated for about 20 days to hatching, with a further 12 or more days to fledging.

== Relationship with humans ==

The [[Temoq people]] in [[Pahang]], Malaysia believe that the female jambu fruit dove is a form of their creator ancestor Maq Sidi.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Endicott |first1=Kirk |year=2015 |title=Malaysia's Original People: Past, Present and Future of the Orang Asli |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=geXsCgAAQBAJ&dq=Ptilinopus+jambu+malaysia&pg=PA233 |___location=Singapore |publisher=NUS Press |page=233 |isbn=978-9971-69-861-4 }}</ref>

== Conservation status==

Extensive [[deforestation in Indonesia]] and Malaysia means that this dove is now threatened, although its ability to live in second growth and at higher elevation means that its situation is not as critical as that of some forest bird species. The Jambujambu fruit Fruit-dove is evaluated as Near Threatened on the [[IUCN Red List]] of Threatened Species.<ref name=IUCN/>

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

* {{IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International|year=2004|id=40228|title=Ptilinopus jambu|downloaded=11 May 2006}} Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is near threatened

{{refbegin}}

* King, Woodcock and Dickinson, ''Birds of South-East Asia'', ISBN 0-00-219206-3

* {{cite book |last1=King |first1=Ben F. |last2=Woodcock |first2=Martin W. |last3=Dickinson |first3=Edward C. |title=Birds of South-East Asia |publisher=Collins |year=1975 |isbn=0-00-219206-3}}

{{refend}}

== External links ==

[[es:{{Commons category|Ptilinopus jambu]]}}

* [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=2662&m=0 BirdLife Species Factsheet]

{{Wikispecies|Ptilinopus jambu}}

* [http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/jambu_fruit_dove.htm Blue planet]

* {{BirdLife|22691341|Ptilinopus jambu}}

* [http://www.rdb.or.id/view_html.php?id=458&op=ptiljamb Red Data Book]

* [http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/jambu_fruit_dove.htm Jambu fruit dove] at [http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org Blue planetPlanet Biomes]

* [http://www.mangoverde.com/birdsound/picpages/pic72-220-1.html Mangoverde World, images of male and female]

* {{Avibase|name=Pitangus sulphuratus}}

* {{InternetBirdCollection|jambu-fruit-dove-ptilinopus-jambu|Jambu fruit-dove}}

* {{VIREO|Jambu+fruit-dove|Jambu fruit-dove}}

* {{IUCN_Map|22691341|Ptilinopus jambu}}

* {{Xeno-canto species|Ptilinopus|jambu|Jambu fruit dove}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q586480}}

[[Category:Ptilinopus|jambu fruit dove]]

[[Category:FaunaBirds of Southeast AsiaMalesia]]

[[Category:FaunaBirds of BruneiSoutheast Asia]]

[[Category:FaunaNear ofthreatened Indonesiaanimals|Dove, Jambu fruit]]

[[Category:FaunaNear threatened biota of MalaysiaAsia|Dove, Jambu fruit]]

[[Category:FaunaBirds ofdescribed Singaporein 1789|jambu fruit dove]]

[[Category:FaunaTaxa ofnamed Thailandby Johann Friedrich Gmelin|jambu fruit dove]]

[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]

[[es:Ptilinopus jambu]]

[[Category:Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN]] <!-- Ptilinopus jambu -->