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{{Short description|Multi-purpose stadium in Lima, Peru}}
{{Infobox venue
| stadium_name = National Stadium of Perú
| native_name = Estadio Nacional del Perú
| nickname =
| logo_image = File:Estadio Nacional de Perú - Logo.jpg
| image = File:Estadio Nacional (Peru).jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Estadio Nacional in 2021
| fullname = Estadio Nacional del Perú
| city =
| country =
| ___location = [[Lima District]], [[Lima]], [[Peru]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|12|04|02.2|S|77|02|01.4|W}}
| broke_ground =
| built = 1951–1952
| opened = 27 October 1952
| renovated = 1992, 1996, 2004, 2011
| expanded = 2004, 2011
| closed =
| demolished =
| elevation = 135 m (442.91 ft)
| publictransit = [[File:Logotipo_ATU.svg|25px]] [[File:Expreso_1_Metropolitano.png|20px]] at [[Metropolitano (Lima)|Estadio Nacional]]
| owner = [[Government of Peru]]
| operator = Instituto Peruano del Deporte<br />''(Peruvian Institute of Sport)''
| surface = Grass
| construction_cost =
| architect = José Betín Diez Canseco (Renovation)
| structural engineer =
| services engineer =
| general_contractor =
| project_manager = Miguel Dasso
| main_contractors =
| former_names =
| tenants = [[Peru national football team]] (1952–present)
| seating_capacity = 50,086
| dimensions = 104.9 x 67.86 m
}}
The '''National Stadium of Peru''' ({{langx|es|Estadio Nacional del Perú}}, {{IPA|es|esˈtaðjo nasjoˈnal del peˈɾu|pron}}) is a [[multi-purpose stadium]] in [[Lima]], [[Peru]]. Its current capacity is 50,086 seats as stated by the [[Peruvian Football Federation]] without the lodges for some thousands more.<ref name="Cap">{{cite web | url=http://www.fpf.com.pe/f_pub_det.asp?cpd=2559 | title=COMUNICADO DE PRENSA 064-FPF-2011 - A LA OPINIÓN PÚBLICA | work=fpf.com.pe | access-date=2011-09-30 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331042628/http://www.fpf.com.pe/f_pub_det.asp?cpd=2559 | archive-date=2012-03-31 }}</ref> The stadium was first inaugurated on 27 October 1952 for the [[1953 South American Championship]]—replacing the old [[Estadio Nacional (1897)|National Stadium]]—and is Peru's principal and [[national stadium]]. It has hosted three of the six [[Copa América|South American Championship/Copa América]] football competitions held in Peru. It is referred to as the Coloso de José Díaz because of its proximity to a street of the same name. It is located at an [[Height above mean sea level|altitude]] of 135 meters (442.91 ft) above sea level.
The Estadio Nacional is the home ground of the [[Peru national football team]]. The IPD (Peruvian Sport Institute)—a branch of the [[Ministry of Education (Peru)|Ministry of Education]]—is the stadium's administrating entity. The stadium has undergone several renovations for tournaments such as the [[2004 Copa América]]. The artificial turf was installed for the [[2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship]]. The most recent renovation started in 2010 and concluded in 2011. The re-inauguration ceremony of the renovated stadium was held on 24 July 2011 with a match between the [[Peru national under-20 football team]] and the [[Spain national under-20 football team]].
==History==
===Early history===
{{See also|Estadio Nacional (1897)}}
Peru obtained its first football-based field in the late 19th century, when the club Unión Cricket asked the Municipality of Lima for an appropriate piece of land where they could play football. The municipality gave them a small piece of land in the [[Santa Beatriz]] neighbourhood which belonged to a [[shooting sports|shooting]] club. On July 18, 1897, the field was officially inaugurated and named Estadio Guadalupe. The Liga Peruana de Futbol (known as the [[Federación Peruana de Fútbol|FPF]] today) used it for the first tournaments in Lima.
[[File:Copa America-2004-02.jpg|thumb|right|Close up of the pitch in pre-match celebrations at the 2004 Copa America]]
In 1921, the English residents of Peru that owned the stadium renovated and renamed the stadium from Estadio Guadalupe to [[Estadio Nacional (1897)|Stadium Nacional]] and donated it to the Peruvian government. It had small wooden stands that were later donated to the [[Estadio Teodoro Lolo Fernandez]] when it was demolished to make way for the new stadium which would host the [[1953 South American Championship]]. In the 1950s, Miguel Dasso and the Peruvian President [[Manuel A. Odria|General Manuel A. Odria]] funded the project for the construction of the new stadium. The new stadium was planned to have a capacity of 53,000 and have it entirely made out of cement. The northern and southern stands would have a capacity of 15,000 each while the eastern and western stands would have three levels. On 27 October 1952, the new Estadio Nacional was inaugurated with many comfortable features such as luxury boxes and elevators in one of the stands. The inauguration ceremony started early at 10:00 AM and lasted through the night. The ceremony included an award ceremony for many outstanding athletes including [[Teodoro Fernández]], [[Alejandro Villanueva (footballer)|Alejandro Villanueva]], [[Jorge Alcalde]], [[Summer Olympic Games|Olympic]] gold medalist [[Edwin Vásquez]] and [[Pan American Games|Pan American]] gold medalists Julia Sánchez and Gerardo Salazar. The inaugurating football match was played between players of the [[Peru national football team]] that formed two teams that played in the evening under the new illumination system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cronicaviva.com.pe/index.php/component/content/article/62-roberto-salinas-comenta/25715-1952-alianza-campeona-y-se-inaugura-el-nuevo-estadio-nacional-con-iluminacion-artificial-|title=1952: Alianza campeona y se inaugura el nuevo Estadio Nacional, con iluminación artificial…|last=Salinas|first=Roberto|date=11 August 2011|publisher=cronicaviva.com.pe|language=es|access-date=21 January 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120731154110/http://www.cronicaviva.com.pe/index.php/component/content/article/62-roberto-salinas-comenta/25715-1952-alianza-campeona-y-se-inaugura-el-nuevo-estadio-nacional-con-iluminacion-artificial-|archive-date=31 July 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
===1964 tragedy===
{{Main|Estadio Nacional disaster}}
On 24 May 1964, Peru hosted Argentina in the Estadio Nacional before a crowd of 47,157 for a qualifying match pertaining to the [[Football at the 1964 Summer Olympics|1964 Olympic Games]] that were to be hosted in Tokyo. Argentina led the match 1–0 during the second half and in the final minutes Peru equalized; however the Uruguayan referee Ángel Eduardo Pazos disallowed the goal. The spectators were infuriated by the decision and this led to a pitch invasion. The police used tear gas and brutal force to quell the disturbances. The stadium's exits were closed which trapped the spectators inside the stadium. The players and referees had to be escorted off the field by the police. A riot ensued outside the stadium and led the President [[Fernando Belaúnde Terry]] to declare a [[state of emergency]] which would last for a month. More than 300 people were killed and at least 4,000 were injured..<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rpp.com.pe/2009-05-24-aniversario-45-de-la-tragedia-en-el-estadio-nacional-de-lima-noticia_183306.html| title=Aniversario 45 de la tragedia en el Estadio Nacional de Lima | work=rpp.com.pe|access-date=2009-07-17}}</ref><ref name="Tragedy">{{cite web|url=https://jaimepulgarvidal.blogspot.com/2007/03/tragedia-en-el-nacional.html|title=¡Tragedia en el Nacional! |last=Vidal Otálora|first=Jaime Pulgar|date=11 March 2007|language=es|access-date=3 October 2011}}</ref>
===Tournaments hosted===
The [[Estadio Nacional (1897)|Stadium Nacional]] was the sole venue for the [[South American Championship 1927]], [[South American Championship 1935|1935]], and [[South American Championship 1939|1939]]. The present Estadio Nacional hosted the [[1953 South American Championship]] and [[1957 South American Championship]]. In 1971, the playoff match for the [[1971 Copa Libertadores Finals]] was played in Peru and featured Uruguayan [[Club Nacional de Football|Nacional]] and Argentine [[Estudiantes de La Plata]]. Nacional won by 2–0. The following year, [[Universitario de Deportes]] reached the final of the [[1972 Copa Libertadores]] and hosted the first-leg of the finals. Two decades later, [[Sporting Cristal]] reached the [[1997 Copa Libertadores Finals]] which allowed the Nacional to host one of the legs of the final for a third time. In 1992, modern lighting was installed in the stadium and in 1996, an electronic scoreboard was installed to replace the old manual one. The stadium's symbolic element is the tower situated in the northern stand. This tower was abandoned for many years until in 2004, it was used again for the [[Copa America]]. Popular international football teams and renowned players have played in the stadium, including [[Spain]]'s [[Real Madrid C.F.|Real Madrid]], as well as players like [[Pelé]] and [[Maradona]] in previous years.
Thanks to a five million dollar government investment program to remodel older Peruvian stadiums, spectators were able to enjoy games with the high standards required by [[CONMEBOL]] for the [[2004 Copa América]]. This was also the first time the Estadio Nacional was not the sole venue for the South American competition. In return the country received throngs of [[tourists]], international media coverage, and more locals buying tickets to attend the games. Peru's biggest stadium, [[Estadio Monumental "U"|Estadio Monumental]], is also located in [[Lima]] with a capacity of 80,093 and belongs to local club [[Universitario de Deportes]] although it was not used for the Copa América 2004.
Peru also hosted the [[2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship]]. This stadium hosted several games including the final. [[Artificial turf]] was installed for this competition into all the venues used. The artificial turf still remains in the Estadio Nacional but has received heavy criticism from clubs of the [[Peruvian First Division]], asking to remove it because of the constant injuries it causes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peru.com/futbol/AutoNoticias/FutbolPortada/2007/11/01/DetalleNoticia96488.asp|title=Vuelven las quejas por el sintético del Nacional|work=futbolperuano.com|access-date=2007-11-01|archive-date=2011-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516144604/http://www.peru.com/futbol/AutoNoticias/FutbolPortada/2007/11/01/DetalleNoticia96488.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> This is also the reason why the [[Peru national football team]] did not play its games in the Estadio Nacional for the [[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification|2010 FIFA World Cup Qualifiers]]. The artificial turf was removed following the 2010 renovations.
In 2008, the athletics track was temporarily covered with asphalt for the [[rallying|rally]] race Caminos del Inca. This was the first time the Estadio Nacional hosted such an event. Shortly after, the 6-lane Olympic running track was restored.
=== 2010 renovations ===
[[File:Estadio Nacional - Lima.jpg|thumb|Estadio Nacional during the [[2019 Pan American Games]]]]
The stadium underwent major renovations in 2010 in a bid to the [[2015 Pan American Games]] which included the construction of 371 [[luxury boxes]], 703 underground parking spaces, a new tower with a panoramic gourmet restaurant among other improvements. The renovations concluded in 2011. However, Toronto won the bidding process. The renovated stadium was inaugurated on 24 July 2011 with an U-20 match between [[Peru national football team|Peru]] and [[Spain national football team|Spain]]. The match was a 0–0 draw. Two months later on 5 September 2011, the senior national team played its first match in the renovated stadium against [[Bolivia national football team|Bolivia]]. The match ended in a 2–2 draw with goals by [[Rinaldo Cruzado]] and [[Claudio Pizarro]]. It was used for the opening and closing ceremonies for the [[2019 Pan American Games]] and the [[2019 Parapan American Games]]. It will host the [[Pan American Games]] again in 2027, which will be hosted by Lima.
In addition to football, the Estadio Nacional is home to other sports. Sixteen Peruvian sporting federations are headquartered at the national stadium. These include the [[Boxing]], [[Karate]], [[Bodybuilding]], [[Chinese martial arts|Kung Fu]], [[Taekwondo]] and [[Volleyball]] federations. They were temporarily relocated for the renovations of the stadium.
==2004 Copa America==
[[File:Puertaestadionacional.jpg|thumb|200px|The stadium's western entrance before 2009]]
[[File:Estadio Nacional nuevo 07 10 2011.jpg|thumb|249x249px|The North stand during a football match in 2011]]
{| class="wikitable" width=65%
|-
!Date
!Time
!Team #1
!Score
!Team #2
!Round
|-
| rowspan="2" |6 July 2004||17:30||align=right|{{fb-rt|VEN|1954}}||align=center|0–1||{{fb|COL}}|| rowspan="4" |Group A
|-
|20:15||align=right|{{fb-rt|PER}}||align=center|2–2||{{fb|BOL}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |9 July 2004||17:30||align=right|{{fb-rt|COL}}||align=center|1–0||{{fb|BOL}}
|-
|19:45||align=right|{{fb-rt|PER}}||align=center|3–1||{{fb|VEN|1954}}
|-
|20 July 2004||19:45||align=right|{{fb-rt|ARG}}||align=center|3–0||{{fb|COL}}|| rowspan="2" |Semi-finals
|-
|21 July 2004||19:45||align=right|{{fb-rt|URU}}||align=center|1–1 (3–5 [[Penalty shoot-out (association football)|p]])|| rowspan="2" |{{fb|BRA}}
|-
|25 July 2004||15:00||align=right|{{fb-rt|ARG}}||align=center|2–2 (2–4 [[Penalty shoot-out (association football)|p]])||[[2004 Copa América Final|Final]]
|}
==2005 U-17 World Championship==
{| class="wikitable" width=65%
|-
!Date
!Time
!Team #1
!Score
!Team #2
!Round
|-
| rowspan="2" |16 September 2005||14:15||align=right|{{fbu-rt|17|URU}}||align=center|0–2||{{fbu|17|MEX}}|| rowspan="4" |Group B
|-
|17:00||align=right|{{fbu-rt|17|TUR}}||align=center|1–0||{{fbu|17|AUS}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |19 September 2005||15:30||align=right|{{fbu-rt|17|MEX}}||align=center|3–0||{{fbu|17|AUS}}
|-
|18:15||align=right|{{fbu-rt|17|URU}}||align=center|2–3||{{fbu|17|TUR}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |23 September 2005||15:30||align=right|{{fbu-rt|17|USA}}||align=center|1–1||{{fbu|17|CIV}}||Group C
|-
|18:15||align=right|{{fbu-rt|17|GAM}}||align=center|0–2||{{fbu|17|NED}}||Group D
|-
| rowspan="2" |2 October 2005||15:00||align=right|{{fbu-rt|17|NED}}||align=center|2–0||{{fbu|17|TUR}}||Third place play-off
|-
|18:00||align=right|{{fbu-rt|17|MEX}}||align=center|3–0||{{fbu|17|BRA}}||Final
|}
== Other events ==
The stadium is also used for other kind of activities such as concerts including:
*[[Phil Collins]] (1995)
*[[Santana (band)|Santana]] (1995)
*[[Travis (band)|Travis]]
*[[R.E.M.]] (November 11, 2008)
*[[Soda Stereo]] (December 8 and 9, 2007)
*[[Deep Purple]] (amphitheater)
*[[Whitesnake]] (amphitheater)
*[[Cyndi Lauper]] (amphitheater)
*Canto Por El Sur ([[Gian Marco]], Erika Ender, [[Pedro Suárez Vértiz]], [[Christian Meier]], [[Juan Luis Guerra]], [[Alejandro Fernández]], and many others)
*Voces Solidarias ([[Gian Marco]], [[David Bisbal]], [[Pedro Suárez Vértiz]], [[Fito Páez]], [[Alejandro Sanz]], [[La Oreja de Van Gogh]], [[Hombres G]], [[Belanova]], and many others)
*[[Los Fabulosos Cadillacs]] (November 29, 2008)
*[[Iron Maiden]] (March 26, 2009)
*[[The B-52's]] and [[New York Dolls]]
*[[Kiss (band)|KISS]] (April 14, 2009)
*[[Marc Anthony]]
*[[Oasis (band)|Oasis]] (April 30, 2009)
*[[Boy George]] (amphitheater)
*[[RBD]]
*[[Jonas Brothers]] and [[Demi Lovato]] (May 18 and 19, 2009)
*[[Red Hot Chili Peppers]] (September 14, 2011)
*WWE Summerslam Tour
*WWE Road to Wrestlemania 25 Tour
*[[Justin Bieber]] (October 17, 2011)
*[[Elton John]] (February 1, 2012)
*[[Jamiroquai]] (February 20, 2013)
*[[Alejandro Sanz]] (February 26, 2013)
*[[The Cure]] (April 18, 2013)
*[[The Killers]] (April 4, 2013)
*[[Metallica]] (March 20, 2014)
*[[Paul McCartney]] (April 25, 2014)
*[[One Direction]] (April 27, 2014)
*[[Teen Top]] (August 20, 2014)
*[[Romeo Santos]] (April 23, 2015)
*[[Coldplay]] (April 5, 2016)
*[[Slipknot (band)|Slipknot]] (October 18, 2016)
*[[Aerosmith]] (October 24, 2016)
*[[Justin Bieber]] (April 5, 2017)
*[[Linkin Park]] (May 11, 2017)
*[[Ed Sheeran]] (May 13, 2017)
*[[Incubus (band)|Incubus]] and [[Maroon 5]] (September 19, 2017)
*[[Bruno Mars]] (November 30, 2017)
*[[Depeche Mode]] (March 18, 2018)
*[[Radiohead]] (April 17, 2018)
*[[Bon Jovi]] (October 2, 2019)
*[[Coldplay]] (September 13 and 14, 2022)
*[[Daddy Yankee]] (October 18 and 19, 2022)
*[[Bad Bunny]] (November 13 and 14, 2022)
*[[Harry Styles]] (November 29, 2022)
*[[Romeo Santos]] (February 10, 11, 12, 14, 2023)
*[[Roger Waters]] (October 29, 2023)
*[[Luis Miguel]] (February 24, 25, 2024)
*[[Libido (band)|Libido]] (July 6, 2024)
*[[Niall Horan]] (October 6, 2024)
*[[Paul McCartney]] (October 27, 2024)
*[[Shakira]] (February 17, November 15 and 16, 2025)
*[[Tabernacle Choir|Tabernacle Choir and Orchestra at Temple Square]] (February 22, 2025)
*[[System of a Down]] (April 27, 2025)
*[[Bad Bunny]] (January 30 and 31, 2026)
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Estadio Nacional del Perú}}
*[http://fpf.org.pe/ Peruvian Football Federation] {{in lang|es}}
{{S-start}}
{{Succession box|
title=[[Copa América|South American Championship]]<br />Final venue|
before=[[Estádio São Januário]]<br />[[Rio de Janeiro]]|
after=[[Estadio Nacional de Chile|Estadio Nacional]]<br />[[Santiago]]|
years=[[1953 South American Championship|1953]]
}}
{{Succession box|
title=South American Championship<br />Final venue|
before=[[Estadio Centenario]]<br />[[Montevideo]]|
after=[[Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti|River Plate Stadium]]<br />[[Buenos Aires]]|
years=[[1957 South American Championship|1957]]
}}
{{Succession box|
title=[[Copa América]]<br />Final venue|
before=[[Estadio El Campín]]<br />[[Bogotá]]|
after=[[Estadio José Pachencho Romero]]<br />[[Maracaibo]]|
years=[[2004 Copa América|2004]]
}}
{{Succession box|
title=[[FIFA U-17 World Cup|FIFA U-17 World Championship]]<br />Final venue|
before=[[Finnair Stadium]]<br />[[Helsinki]]|
after=[[Seoul World Cup Stadium]]<br />[[Seoul]]|
years=[[2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship|2005]]
}}
{{Succession box|
title=[[Pan American Games]]<br />Opening and closing ceremonies|
before=[[Rogers Centre]]<br />[[Toronto]]|
after=[[Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos]]<br />[[Santiago]]|
years=[[2019 Pan American Games|2019]]
}}
{{S-end}}
{{Landmarks in Lima}}
{{Pan American Games stadiums}}
{{2004 Copa América stadiums}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|12|04|02.2|S|77|02|01.4|W|type:landmark|display=title}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nacional Lima}}
[[Category:Lima District]]
[[Category:Football venues in Lima]]
[[Category:Athletics (track and field) venues in Peru]]
[[Category:National stadiums]]
[[Category:Sports venues in Lima]]
[[Category:Multi-purpose stadiums in Peru]]
[[Category:Sports venues completed in 1952]]
[[Category:Pan American Games opening ceremony stadiums]]
[[Category:Venues of the 2019 Pan and Parapan American Games]]
[[Category:1952 establishments in Peru]]
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