Wujek Coal Mine: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Coal mine in Katowice, Poland}}

'''Kopalnia Wujek''' (English: the "Uncle" Mine) is a [[coal mine]] in [[Katowice]], [[Poland]]. It is a household name in Poland as the place of a [[massacre]] of [[civilians]] by [[Communist]] forces on [[16th December]] [[1981]]. On that day, miners [[strike action|striking]] against the declaration of [[martial law in Poland]] by [[Wojciech Jaruzelski]] were brutally dispersed by the [[History of the Polish Army|Ludowe Wojsko Polskie]] (communists' [[army]]), the [[Milicja Obywatelska]] (communists' [[police]]) and [[ZOMO]] (communists' [[riot police]]). ZOMO opened fire on the miners, killing 9 and wounding 21 others.

{{more footnotes|date=March 2013}}

[[Image:Kopalnia Wujek 1930.jpg|thumb|Wujek coal Mine in 1930]]

[[File:Katowice, Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Wujek - fotopolska.eu (212387).jpg|thumb|Wujek Coal Mine around 2011]]

Legal proceedings against the perpatrators continue to this day in Poland.

'''Wujek''' '''Coal Mine''' (''Polish'': Kopalnia Wujek, full name in Polish: ''Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego „Wujek”''; {{Langx|de|text=Oheim}}<ref>{{Cite book|last=Złoty|first=Andrzej|title=Ligota, Murcki... i inne szkice historyczne|publisher=Bractwo Gospodarcze Związku Górnośląskiego|year=2008|isbn=978-83-7593-014-6|___location=Katowice|pages=31}}</ref>) is a [[coal mine]] in [[Katowice]], [[Poland]]. It is widely known in Poland as the place of the [[Pacification of Wujek|massacre of striking miners]] in 1981 (most often referred to by the euphemism 'Pacification'), as well as being the site of a [[2009 Wujek-Śląsk mine blast|deadly mining accident]] in 2009.

Mining operations began in the vicinity as early as the 16th century. The present mine, ''Oheim'', was established in 1899 by a merger of six mining operations existing in [[Silesia]] (then a part of [[Germany]]). The peak Polish production was in 1979 (3.88 million tons that year).

Currently{{when|date=March 2023}}, the Wujek mine produces [[sub-bituminous coal]] with a typical energy content of 30000-35000 kJ/kg, volatile content of 30-31%, ash content of less than 5%, and sulfur content of less than 0.6%.

== See also ==

* [[Solidarność]]

* [[Martial law in Poland]]

On 1 April 2017, the Wujek mine was taken over by [[Polska Grupa Górnicza]] <small>([[:pl:Polska Grupa Górnicza|pl]])</small>, and in 2021, it was connected to the [[Murcki-Staszic Coal Mine]] <small>([[:pl:Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego „Murcki-Staszic”|pl:Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego „Murcki-Staszic”]])</small> via an underground passageway. Since then, both formerly independent mines are now operated as a single entity called '''Staszic-Wujek Coal Mine''' <small>([[:pl:Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego „Staszic-Wujek”|pl:Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego „Staszic-Wujek”]])</small>.

{{Commons|Wujek Coal Mine}}

The name "Wujek" means "Uncle" in Polish.

==References==

{{Reflist}}

[[pl:{{expand German|topic=geo|Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Wujek]]|date=March 2013}}

{{expand Polish|topic=geo|Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego „Wujek”|date=March 2013}}

==External links==

Polacy to byli!!! :)

{{Commons category|Wujek Coal Mine}}

* [http://www.wujek.pl/ The Wujek Mine home page (in Polish)]

{{Resources in Poland}}

==Foto==

{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|50|14|41.19|N|18|59|16.57|E|source:plwiki_region:PL|display=title}}

* [[MartialCategory:Coal lawmines in Poland]]

[http://www.solidarnosc25foto.info/wujek.htm]

[[Category:MinesUnderground mines in Poland]]

[[Category:Mines in Poland]]

[[Category:Coal mines]]

[[Category:History of Poland (1945–1989)]]

[[Category:Law enforcement in Poland]]

[[Category:Miners' labor disputes]]

{{laborpoland-disputemine-stub}}

{{poland-hist-stub}}

{{labor-dispute-stub}}

[[pl:Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Wujek]]