Language-based learning disability: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Type of learning disability}}

{{refimprovemore citations needed|date=November 2012}}

'''Language-based learning disabilities''' or '''LBLD''' are "[[Heterogenous|heterogeneous]]" neurological differences that can affect skills such as listening, [[reason]]ing, speaking, reading, writing, and math calculations.<ref name="Vinson2006">{{cite book|author= Vinson, Betsy Partin.|title= Language Disorders Across the Lifespan|publisher=Cengage Demar|___location=Belmont|year=2006|isbn= 978-1-4180-0954-0}}</ref> It is also associated with movement, coordination, and direct attention. LBLD is not usually identified until the child reaches school age. Most people with this disability find it hard to communicate, to express ideas efficiently and what they say may be ambiguous and hard to understand<ref>M.B. Aria. Learn How To Be A Better Parent And Raise Healthy Happy Children</ref>

It is <ref name="Vinson2006" /> a neurological difference. It is often hereditary, and is frequently associated to specific language problems.<ref name="asha.org">{{cite web | url= http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/LBLD.htm|title=Language-Based Learning Disabilities (Reading, Spelling, and Writing) | publisher=American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) | accessdate=August 16, 2016}}</ref>

There are two types of learning disabilities: non-verbal, which includes disabilities from psychomotor difficulties to [[dyscalculia]], and verbal, language based.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.parentinged.com/learning-disabilities/An-Introduction-To-Language-Based-Learning-Disabilities.html | title=An Introduction To Language Based Learning Disabilities | work=www.parentinged.com | accessdate=August 16, 2016 | archive-date=March 3, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303195532/http://www.parentinged.com/learning-disabilities/An-Introduction-To-Language-Based-Learning-Disabilities.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>American Speech-Language-Hearing Association</ref>

==Symptoms==

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==Prevalence==

[[File:Learning disability.jpg|alt=brown background, with white letter tiles|thumb|Learning disability word tile]]

Language-based learning disabilities (LBLD) are commonly diagnosed in schools, when typical developmental milestones have surpassed without progress. Educational instructors may notice developmental delays in students and chose to evaluate them using the Curriculum-based measurement (CBM).<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |title=Language-Based Learning Disability: What to Know {{!}} LD OnLine |url=https://www.ldonline.org/ld-topics/writing-spelling/language-based-learning-disability-what-know |access-date=2022-11-21 |website=www.ldonline.org |language=en}}</ref> Although various research has been conducted, determining the prevalence of LBLD is difficult, affecting approximating every 1 in 10 children.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=McDowell |first=Michael |date=4 July 2018 |title=Specific Learning Disability |journal=Journal of PediatricsPaediatrics and Child Health |volume=54 |issue=10|pages=1077–1083 |doi=10.1111/jpc.14168 |pmid=30294983 |s2cid=52932537 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Of the students with specific learning disabilities receiving special education services, 70–80% have a discrepancy in reading.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.verticylearning.org/language-based-learning-differences-resources | title=Resources for Language-based Learning Differences | work=Verticy Learning | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091015101402/http://www.verticylearning.org/language-based-learning-differences-resources | archivedate=October 15, 2009}}</ref> LBLD significantly affect one's ability to partake in accurate reading comprehension, phonetic awareness and linguistic deficits.<ref>{{Cite journal |lastlast1=Kida |firstfirst1=Adriana de S. B. |last2=Ávila |first2=Clara R. B. de |last3=Capellini |first3=Simone A. |date=2016 |title=Reading Comprehension Assessment through Retelling: Performance Profiles of Children with Dyslexia and Language-Based Learning Disability |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00787 |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |volume=7 |page=787 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00787/full |pmid=27313551 |pmc=4887488 |issn=1664-1078|doi-access=free }}</ref> Some students will be diagnosed with LBLD during the duration of their primary education, whereas others may not recognize their language incompetencies until late adolescents. <ref name=":03" /> Language-based learning disabilities are not a new phenomenon, however prevalence and diagnoses have developed through investigation and research. <ref name=":1" />

==Diagnosis==

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==Prognosis==

LBLD can be an enduring problem. Some people might experience overlapping learning disabilities that make improvement problematic. <ref>{{Cite journal |lastlast1=Mayes |firstfirst1=Susan D. |last2=Calhoun |first2=Susan L. |last3=Crowell |first3=Errin W. |date=2000-20092000–2009 |title=Learning Disabilities and ADHD: Overlapping Spectrum Disorders |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/002221940003300502 |journal=Journal of Learning Disabilities |language=en |volume=33 |issue=5 |pages=417–424 |doi=10.1177/002221940003300502 |pmid=15495544 |s2cid=144958989 |issn=0022-2194|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Others with single disabilities often show more improvement. Most subjects can achieve literacy via coping mechanisms and education.

==Treatment==