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{{short description|American drama}}
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[[Image:Mysocalledlifecast.jpg|thumb|The young cast of ''My So-Called Life''.]]
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2021}}
'''''My So-Called Life''''' was an American [[television]] [[teen drama]] created by [[Winnie Holzman]] and produced by [[Edward Zwick]] and [[Marshall Herskovitz]] that aired on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] from [[August 25]], [[1994]], to [[January 26]], [[1995]]. It was set at the fictional "Liberty High" in [[Three Rivers]], Pennsylvania (also a fictional ___location, but a reference to the three rivers of [[Pittsburgh]]). The critically acclaimed show was short-lived and ended in a cliffhanger with the expectation that it would be picked up in an additional season. Only 19 [[episode]]s were produced before it was cancelled on [[May 15]], [[1995]], due both to low ratings and to the reluctance, expressed behind the scenes, of star [[Claire Danes]] to return for its second season. However, the show has fans who wish it had been renewed, especially given the nature of the cliffhanger in the final episode.
{{Infobox television
| image = My So-Called Life.svg
| genre = [[Teen drama]]
| creator = [[Winnie Holzman]]
| starring = <!--Per opening credits, Armstrong is credited before Cruz and Danes-->{{Plainlist|
* [[Bess Armstrong]]
* [[Wilson Cruz]]
* [[Claire Danes]]
* Devon Gummersall
* [[A. J. Langer]]
* [[Jared Leto]]
* Devon Odessa
* Lisa Wilhoit
* [[Tom Irwin (actor)|Tom Irwin]]
}}
| narrated = Claire Danes
| theme_music_composer = [[W. G. Snuffy Walden]]
| open_theme = "My So-Called Life Theme" by W. G. Snuffy Walden
| country = United States
| language = English
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 19<ref>{{cite news|title= The gift of growing pains |work= Los Angeles Times|date=October 28, 2007|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-oct-28-ca-so-called28-story.html|access-date=August 30, 2010 | first=Robert | last=Lloyd |url-status=live |archive-date=June 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602052617/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-oct-28-ca-so-called28-story.html}}</ref>
| list_episodes =
| producer = [[Alan Poul]]
| executive_producer = {{Plainlist|
* [[Marshall Herskovitz]]
* [[Edward Zwick]]
}}
| camera =
| runtime = 47–48 minutes
| company = {{Plainlist|
* a.k.a. Productions
* [[Bedford Falls Productions|The Bedford Falls Company]]
* [[List of production companies owned by the American Broadcasting Company|ABC Productions]]
}}
| network = [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]<ref>{{cite news|title= Rebroadcasting of 'My So-Called Life'
|work= The New York Times|date=April 3, 1995|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/03/arts/rebroadcasting-of-my-so-called-life.html?scp=7&sq=my%20so%20called%20life&st=cse|access-date=August 11, 2010}}</ref>
| first_aired = {{Start date|1994|08|25}}
| last_aired = {{End date|1995|01|26}}
| related = ''[[Mein Leben & Ich]]''
}}
 
'''''My So-Called Life''''' is an American [[teen drama]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/25/entertainment/my-so-called-life-25-anniversary/index.html|title = 'My So-Called Life' debuted 25 years ago and still may be the best teen drama ever|website = [[CNN]]|date = August 25, 2019}}</ref> television series created by [[Winnie Holzman]] and produced by [[Edward Zwick]] and [[Marshall Herskovitz]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Aurthur |first=Kate |date=October 28, 2007 |title=Reliving the many upsides of 'Life' |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-oct-28-ca-holzman28-story.html |url-status=live |access-date=August 30, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091215084849/http://articles.latimes.com/2007/oct/28/entertainment/ca-holzman28 |archive-date=December 15, 2009}}</ref><ref name="Braxton">{{cite news |last=Braxton |first=Greg |date=April 3, 1995 |title='My So-Called Life' Gets a Second Life on MTV |work=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-04-03-ca-50415-story.html |url-status=live |access-date=August 30, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210403031856/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-04-03-ca-50415-story.html |archive-date=April 3, 2021}}</ref> It aired on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] from August 25, 1994 to January 26, 1995. Set at the fictional Liberty High School in a fictional suburb near [[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]], called Three Rivers, it follows the emotional travails of several teenagers in the social circle of main character Angela Chase, played by [[Claire Danes]].<ref name="Rosenberg">{{cite news |last=Rosenberg |first=Howard |author-link=Howard Rosenberg |date=August 24, 1994 |title='My So-Called Life': Weary Trip Through Teen Years |work=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-08-24-ca-30485-story.html |url-status=live |access-date=August 30, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220513235804/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-08-24-ca-30485-story.html |archive-date=May 13, 2022}}</ref>
 
The show was officially canceled on May 15, 1995, despite being critically praised for its realistic portrayal of adolescence and the commentary of its central character Angela, and the series' reception of several major awards, which included a [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama|Golden Globe Award]] for Danes. Besides Danes, the show also launched the careers of several other actors, including [[Jared Leto]] and [[Wilson Cruz]]. The show became a [[Cult following|cult classic]] and has been frequently cited by multiple publications including ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', ''[[TV Guide]], [[The Atlantic]]'', and ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' as one of the best teen dramas of all time.
 
== Premise ==
Angela Chase is a 15-year-old high school student who lives in the fictional Pittsburgh suburb of Three Rivers with her mother Patty, father Graham, and little sister Danielle. Each episode, which is usually narrated by Angela, follows her trials and tribulations as she deals with friends, parents, guys, and school.
 
==Themes==
''My So-Called Life'' broughtdealt upwith issuesmajor thatsocial wereissues usually not mentioned in family series inof the mid-nineties1990s, when it was aired. These includeincluding [[child abuse]], [[homophobia]], [[alcoholism|teenage [[alcoholism]], [[homelessness]], [[adultery]], [[kinky sex]], school violence, [[gay adoption|same-sex parenting]], [[censorship]], and [[drugsubstance abuse|drug use]], among many others. WhileMany ashows lotat ofthe showstime brought upused these themes as a one-time issue (a "[[very special episode]]") that would bewas introduced as a problem at the beginning of an episode and resolved at the end, inbut on ''My So-Called Life'' theythese issues were just a part of the worldcontinuing storyline. The very title of the show emphasizedalludes howto the perception of meaninglessness that many teenagers experience isand encapsulates the main theme of the series. The show depicteddepicts the teenage years as being difficult and confusing asrather opposed tothan a light, fun-filled time.<ref ofname="Bella">{{cite pranksnews and|last=Bellafante |first=Ginia |date=October jokes28, as2007 it|title=A wasTeenager in sitcomsLove like(So-Called) ''[[Parker|work=The LewisNew Can'tYork Lose]]''Times or|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/28/arts/television/28bell.html?scp=1&sq=my%20so%20called%20life&st=cse ''[[Saved|url-status=live by|access-date=August the11, Bell]]''2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401030046/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/28/arts/television/28bell.html |archive-date=April 1, or2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite innews|title= moviesTELEVISION likeREVIEW; ''[[FerrisThe Bueller'sSo-Called DayWorld Off]]''.Of an Adolescent Girl, As Interpreted by One
|work= The New York Times|date=August 25, 1994|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/25/arts/television-review-so-called-world-adolescent-girl-interpreted-one.html?scp=10&sq=my%20so%20called%20life&st=cse|access-date=August 11, 2010 | first=Bruce | last=Weber}}</ref>
 
==Characters==
==Style and legacy==
[[File:MySo-CalledLifeCast.jpg|thumb|right|From left to right, [[Jared Leto]] as Jordan Catalano, [[A. J. Langer]] as Rayanne Graff, [[Wilson Cruz]] as Rickie Vasquez, Lisa Wilhoit as Danielle Chase, Devon Odessa as Sharon Cherski, [[Claire Danes]] as Angela Chase and Devon Gummersall as Brian Krakow]]
The world of ''My So-Called Life'' was devoid of [[deus ex machina|last-minute miracles]], of simple resolutions and instant revelations. Instead, the least surprising and least shocking thing usually happened. Jordan ignored Angela and no "final revelation" instantaneously justified his past behavior. Graham considered cheating on Patty, but no spectacular revelation scene happened. Graham simply decided not to do it. A great and iconoclastic teacher, apparently fired due to his defiance of [[censorship]], turned out at the end of the episode to have a very dark side. The students opposed to censorship failed to prevent it. This style inspired shows like ''[[Six Feet Under]]'' and ''[[Boston Public]]'' {{Fact|date=February 2007}} which tried to be realistic and non-sensationalistic in a similar way, as well as the equally short-lived (and similarly praised) ''[[Freaks and Geeks]]''.
;Main cast
*[[Bess Armstrong]] as Patricia "Patty" Chase, Angela's mother
*[[Wilson Cruz]] as Enrique "Rickie" Vasquez, Angela's gay friend
*[[Claire Danes]] as Angela Chase, a 15-year-old sophomore and narrator of the series
*Devon Gummersall as Brian {{Not a typo|Krakow}}, Angela's socially awkward next-door neighbour
*[[A. J. Langer]] as Rayanne Graff, Angela's new best friend, a rebellious alcoholic
*[[Jared Leto]] as Jordan Catalano, Angela's crush
*Devon Odessa as Sharon Cherski, Angela's childhood best friend
*Lisa Wilhoit as Danielle Chase, Angela's 10-year-old sister
*[[Tom Irwin (actor)|Tom Irwin]] as Graham Chase, Angela's father
;Recurring cast
*[[Mary Kay Place]] as Camille Cherski, Sharon's mother
*Johnny Green as Kyle Vinnovich, Sharon's jock boyfriend
*Lisa Waltz as Hallie Lowenthal, Graham's business partner and potential love interest
*[[Jeff Perry (American actor)|Jeff Perry]] as Mr. Katimski, gay English teacher who takes Rickie under his wing
*Patti D’Arbanville as Amber Vallone, Rayanne's mother
*Danton Stone as Neil Chase, Graham's brother
*[[Senta Moses]] as Delia Fisher, student who has a crush on Brian
*Winnie Holzman as Ms. Kryzanowski, school guidance councilor
 
Tino, a friend of Jordan and Rayanne, is [[unseen character|never actually seen]] but is mentioned in almost every episode as a [[Running gag|running joke]] of the series.
The interior voice-overs in ''My So-Called Life'' came, with two exceptions, from Angela's point of view, yet they illustrated all the intertwining plots of the episode. Often, at the end of an episode, Angela enumerated items or principles that parallel the main points of the episode. For example, at the end of episode 10, "Other People's Mothers," Angela lists the name of a few Tarot cards. For each card's name, a character of the episode was shown to illustrate the role he or she played in the story. Graham is "The Magician" as a reference to his talent as a cook in this episode, and Patty is "Strength" because that is the quality she showed. This style is often used (albeit with less emotional subtlety) at the end of the show ''[[Scrubs (TV show)|Scrubs]]''. ''Scrubs'' is also driven by an interior monologue and is also realistic in that there are no medical miracles in the show (though some are presented as fantasy sequences to a humorous and satirical intent).
 
== Production ==
The network perceived it as a "teen" drama. In a way, the style of the show did not strictly adhere to the genre. But the show clearly had a much more diverse audience and creator Winnie Holzman did not aim to write a show in the classic sense of the label. She said, "Even though it was perceived that way by some, I didn't see it as a teen show. I wasn't writing it that way. That implies some exploitative or objectifying view of it." The show was ahead of its time in many ways. Though the network floundered in its ability to effectively promote the show among the shifting demographics of the time, the explosion of adolescent and youth programming in the wake of the show has led some to suggest that Holzman and the show's producers Zwick and Herskovitz were pioneers. While they are too humble to take full credit for it, Herskovitz has said, "We take comfort in knowing the show was ahead of its time and that feels good." Holzman added, "I wrote this show from inside the experience. It was a personal experience. By being personal a writer can evoke authentic, emotional responses from the audience. The experience of creating this show changed me in that it gave me an understanding of how hungry people are for an experience where they do feel connected to a story on a deep level. That [fans of the show] felt this story touched them on that deep level was very touching to me and it makes me want to do it more. I was able to see the depth of that played out in my own life and I could see that what we had done was real for millions of people. They were responding to stories and characters which so much love and need. I was very touched by that."
 
=== Development ===
In contrast to its realism, the show has small elements of potential supernatural elements, such as ghosts or foreshadowing, and dreams that act as metaphors for hidden desires. A lot is left unsaid, for the viewer to interpret the meaning.
[[Marshall Herskovitz]] was approached by [[Showtime (TV network)|Showtime]] in the 1980s to write a show about teenagers. Herskovitz conceived of the series as a "very personal, very internal" story about a boy with the title ''Secret/Seventeen'', but it was not picked up by the network.<ref name="Roberts" /> A few years later, after the cancellation of ''[[Thirtysomething]]'' in 1991, Herskovitz and his co-creator [[Edward Zwick]] approached [[Winnie Holzman]], a writer on ''Thirtysomething'' and ''[[The Wonder Years]],'' to brainstorm a new show.<ref name="Jensen" /> Holzman sparked to the idea of an "uncensored" depiction of teenage life.<ref name="Jensen" /> Said Herskovitz, "Most shows about teens on television [in the early '90s, like ''[[Beverly Hills, 90210]]'' were very exploitative about sexuality and meant to be titillating rather than inside the experience of what it meant to be an adolescent."<ref name="Revolution" />   
 
{{Quote box
''My So-Called Life'' was also the basis for ''[[Mein Leben & Ich]]'', a popular [[Germany|German]] television program.
| quote = "[In preparation] I taught high school students for two or three days. When I went to this place, Fairfax High in Los Angeles, there were so many moments of sense memory that brought back high school for me: The sound of the bell. The feeling of being trapped in the room. The kids falling asleep in class. The messiness of the hallways. The clanging of lockers. These things were so evocative, and I know they unlocked some stuff for me."
| author = — Creator [[Winnie Holzman]] on her inspiration for the series.<ref name=elle/>
| align = left
| width = 400px
}}
 
To capture contemporary adolescence authentically, Holzman did research and taught classes at [[Fairfax High School (Los Angeles)|Fairfax High School]] in Los Angeles for a few days.<ref name=elle/> She also kept a diary and wrote down journal entries from the perspective of a teenage girl. These journal entries would later become the basis for Angela's voice-overs.<ref name="Roberts" />
Filmmaker Cameron Crowe was a fan of the series and included a shot in his film ''Jerry Maguire'' (of Jerry and Dorothy talking on a residential street at night) that was an homage to a similarly framed shot in the pilot episode of ''My So Called Life''. Nada Despotovich, who played teacher Ms. Mayhew in the pilot, was later cast as Jerry's assistant who refuses to leave with him to start his own agency. Also, the show's creator, Winnie Holzman, played one of the support-group women sitting in the living room during the 'You had me at hello' scene near the end of the film. Holzman: "The casting agent for Jerry Maguire called me to ask me the name of the actress who had played the awkward guidance counselor on ''My So-Called Life'', and I was like, 'That's me!'. So they asked me if I wanted to be in the movie and that's how that happened. It was not until I was on the set with Cameron Crowe that I realized what a big fan of my show he was. He had literally taken a Polaroid on his television of that scene in the pilot, that long shot on the street with Angela and Brian, because he loved it and wanted to use it. I saw the Polaroid taped up on the wall in his production office. He recreated that moment in Jerry Maguire because he liked the look and the romance of it."
 
Holzman named the title character Angela after the niece of a script coordinator on ''Thirtysomething''. Holzman recounted, "She mentioned to me she had a young teenage niece named Angela. I had a phone conversation with [Angela] and it really affected me. I remember she said something like, 'Boys just have it so easy.' And that's in the pilot. So I named the character Angela partly in honor of her."<ref name=elle/>
==Characters==
 
Intent on dismantling stereotypical portrayals of teens and parents on TV, Holzman wrote Patty Chase, the wife and mother character, as the breadwinner of the Chase family and husband Graham as the homebody.<ref name="Roberts" /> Holzman portrayed the parents as in the "midst of establishing their identities and discovering their incompatibility with traditional domestic tropes."<ref name="Roberts" />
'''[[Angela Chase]]''', played by [[Claire Danes]], Angela Chase is 15 years old; she's a sophomore at Liberty High. You remember what it's like to be 15 and in highschool, don't you? Perhaps not; maybe you're fifteen now or maybe you're still waiting for "the big one-five". Regardless, you can relate to Angela Chase. Like most teenages, she's got a little Holden Caulfield in her; she's stuggling with issues of identity and has begun to question both her own and that of those around her.
 
=== Casting ===
"It just seems like, you agree to have a certain personality or something. For no reason. Just to make things easier for everyone. But when you think about it, I mean, how do you know it's even you?"
In keeping with their desire to portray adolescence authentically, producers looked for actors who were close in age to their teen characters.<ref name="Revolution" />  Before [[Claire Danes]] was cast, [[Alicia Silverstone]] auditioned for the role of Angela and impressed Zwick, and as an [[emancipated minor]] could work longer hours, but was not deemed the right fit for "Holzman’s messy high-school universe, which included subplots about drug addiction, bullying, binge drinking, promiscuity, and homosexuality."<ref name="lahr20130909">{{cite magazine |author=Lahr |first=John |date=September 2, 2013 |title=Varieties of Disturbance |url=http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2013/09/09/130909fa_fact_lahr?currentPage=all&mobify=0 |access-date=September 4, 2013 |magazine=[[The New Yorker]]}}</ref> Herskovitz said, "We needed somebody who shimmered between beauty and sort of not formed yet. And in walks Claire. She read the scene in the pilot where she has a confrontation with her childhood best friend. There was a direction that said, 'Angela starts to tear up.' Claire gets to the moment. Her whole face turns red. She's having this intense emotional experience — and then pulls it back. Everybody was just knocked out."<ref name="Jensen" /> As Danes was 15 and had to attend school alongside filming, producers ended up increasing the screen time for the parental characters to accommodate for Danes.<ref name="lahr20130909" /><ref name="elle">{{Cite web |last=Watkins |first=Gwynne |date=2016-11-16 |title=An Oral History of My So-Called Life |url=https://www.elle.com/culture/movies-tv/a40594/my-so-called-life-cast-interviews/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531052807/https://www.elle.com/culture/movies-tv/a40594/my-so-called-life-cast-interviews/ |archive-date=2022-05-31 |access-date=2022-05-23 |website=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
[[Wilson Cruz]] was cast as Rickie Vasquez, who was written in the script as "half black, half Puerto Rican, sexually ambiguous like [[Jodie Foster]] in ''[[Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore]]''".<ref name="Jensen" /> The character of Rickie was inspired by Holzman's peers as a teenager, as well as by the 1990 documentary ''[[Paris Is Burning (film)|Paris Is Burning]]'', which explores [[ball culture]] in New York City.<ref name="Roberts" /> Cruz drew on some of his own experiences, such as a period of homelessness after he [[Coming out|came out]] to his dad, for his portrayal of Rickie.<ref name="Jensen" />
Like most teens in throes of self evaluation, Angela is attempting to discover and assert her newfound identity. To do this, she distances herself from her past, pulling away from her parents, Patty and Graham, and her childhood friends Sharon Cherski and Brian Krakow. In their place, she befriends Rayanne Graff and Rickie Vasquez. Another way in which Angela asserts herself is by changing her outward appearance; this she does, most notably, by dying her hair a firey "Crimson Glow".
 
[[Jared Leto]] was supposed to appear in just the pilot episode, but his acting and chemistry with Danes impressed producers and he was upgraded to the main cast.<ref name="Jensen" />
"So when Rayanne Graff told me my hair was holding me back, I had to listen. 'Cause she wasn't just talking about my hair. She was talking about my life."
 
=== Filming ===
Angela daydreams about Jordan Catalano a great deal, she likes the way he leans, and eventually begins dating him. Pre-Jordan, Angela had been kissed four times; post-Jordan the exact number is unknown, but is significantly higher. Angela eventually broke up with Jordan but continued to see him regularly.
The [[Pilot (My So-Called Life)|pilot]] was shot in April 1993.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shister |first=Gail |date=August 25, 1994 |title='So-Called' hype causes jitters |pages=D8 |work=[[The Vindicator (Ohio newspaper)|The Vindicator]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vQVKAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA39 |access-date=June 22, 2022}}</ref> An enthusiastic response from ABC executives and TV critics raised producers' hopes for a series debut in the 1993-1994 TV season lineup; however, ABC delayed ''My So-Called Life''’s addition as they pondered over the right time slot for the show.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Engel |first=Joel |date=1993-10-24 |title=TELEVISION; The Next 'Thirtysomething'? Not Yet. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/24/archives/television-the-next-thirtysomething-not-yet.html |url-status=live |access-date=2022-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622043518/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/24/archives/television-the-next-thirtysomething-not-yet.html |archive-date=June 22, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="Jensen" /> The show finally premiered in the Thursday night lineup in August 1994, a year and a half after the filming of the pilot.<ref name="Slant">{{Cite web |last=Cinquemani |first=Sal |date=2007-10-28 |title=DVD Review: My So-Called Life: The Complete Series Joins the Shout! Factory |url=https://www.slantmagazine.com/dvd/my-so-called-life-the-complete-series/ |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=[[Slant Magazine]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
The series was filmed in the [[Los Angeles]] area. Scenes at the fictional Liberty High School were shot on ___location at [[University High School (Los Angeles)|University High School]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-25 |title=19 Facts About My So-Called Life |url=https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/56115/19-things-you-might-not-know-about-my-so-called-life |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=Mental Floss |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
Due to the show's rapid shooting schedule and the uncertainty of its future, producers "did not have the luxury of planning out the season's arc in advance," and story lines would unfold episode to episode.<ref name=elle/><ref name="Jensen" /> Network executives did give the show's creators relatively free rein to explore what were then seen as risky subjects for network TV, such as teen sexuality and orientation.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkshire |first=Geoff |date=2015-08-19 |title='My So-Called Life' Creator Winnie Holzman on Boys Wearing Eyeliner |url=https://variety.com/2015/tv/news/my-so-called-life-creator-winnie-holzman-rickie-vasquez-1201570756/ |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
==Reception==
*'''Patty Chase''', played by [[Bess Armstrong]], is Angela's mother. Patty is the authoritarian father figure. Unlike among many TV couples, she is the main bread-winner and, at the beginning of the series, even employs her husband. She is opinionated and often can't help but express her strongly held beliefs, which eventually leads to a confrontation between her and the free-spirited mother of Rayanne later in the series.
===Critical reception===
Upon its debut, ''My So-Called Life'' received critical acclaim. Critic Joyce Millman said the show "evokes the emotional turbulence of adolescence with breathtaking accuracy" and is also "unusually perceptive in its portrayal of the push and pull of mother-daughter relationships."<ref name="Millman">{{Cite news |last=Millman |first=Joyce |date=November 23, 1994 |title=Too Bad About "My So-Called Life," It's A Fine Family Drama |pages=16 |work=[[Star-News]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JLksAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA50 |access-date=June 22, 2022}}</ref> Millman added the show has an interesting take on "midlife crisis and marital boredom", and concluded "with bittersweet clarity, ''My So-Called Life'' shows us that teen angst is something we never outgrow."<ref name="Millman" />
 
The ''[[Hartford Courant]]'' called it "one of the most humanizing hours of television to come along in decades."<ref name="Courant">{{Cite news |last=Endrst |first=James |date=January 27, 1995 |title='So-Called Life' hangs on for dear life |pages=2C |work=[[Hartford Courant]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JK9NAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA16 |access-date=June 22, 2022 |via=[[Lakeland Ledger]]}}</ref> [[Steven Spielberg]] lauded the show and called Danes "one of the most exciting actresses to debut in 10 years", likening her to [[Audrey Hepburn]].<ref name="Courant" />
*'''Graham Chase''', played by Tom Irwin[http://us.imdb.com/name/nm0410464/], played Angela's father. Graham is a more mother-like affectionate parent who cooks and is far less strict than his wife. He's relatively soft-spoken and continues to struggle with his role in the household and the direction of his life in general. In an effort to broaden his horizons, he decides to take a cooking class, which sparks a friendship with a female classmate, causing tension with Patty.
 
In a critical review, [[Howard Rosenberg]] of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' found the teen characters grating and the plot lines to be too neatly resolved, but did praise Holzman's writing and Danes' acting. Rosenberg wrote, "you also recognize that Holzman has a witty grasp on adolescence and knows a bull’s-eye when she sees one...Another plus is the brooding self-consciousness that seems so genuine in Angela, a credit to Danes’ effortless performance. Her nervous body language speaks volumes, as do her character's private thoughts, delivered as part of a voice-over narration in the manner of '''The Wonder Years''.'"<ref name="Rosenberg" />
*'''Danielle Chase''', played by [[Lisa Wilhoit]], is Angela's younger sister. She rarely influences the major storylines. There is an emphasis on how much she is ignored by her family. She has a crush on Brian and yearns to be more like Angela, whose life and friends fascinate her. Her voice-over narrates the penultimate episode, 'Weekend'.
 
After the series' cancellation and over the years, the series continued to gain acclaim for its realism and is praised by some critics as one of the [[List of television shows considered the best|greatest television series of all time]].<ref name="time">{{cite magazine |last=Poniewozik |first=James |author-link=James Poniewozik |date=September 6, 2007 |title=All-TIME 100 TV Shows |url=https://time.com/collection-post/3103667/my-so-called-life/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111190728/http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/article/0,28804,1651341_1659192_1652609,00.html |archive-date=November 11, 2007 |access-date=May 13, 2022 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Collins |first=Sean T. |date=September 3, 2014 |title=Class Acts: 20 Best School TV Shows |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv/tv-lists/class-acts-20-best-school-tv-shows-167827/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220513235805/https://www.rollingstone.com/tv/tv-lists/class-acts-20-best-school-tv-shows-167827/ |archive-date=May 13, 2022 |access-date=May 13, 2022 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Garber |first=Megan |date=2016-07-20 |title=What I Learned From Re-Watching 'My-So Called Life' as an Adult |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2016/07/what-i-learned-from-rewatching-my-so-called-life-as-an-adult/492005/ |access-date=2022-05-13 |website=[[The Atlantic]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=DVD set shows consistent excellence of 'My So-Called Life' |url=http://www.popmatters.com/article/dvd-set-shows-consistent-excellence-of-my-so-called-life/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304231903/http://www.popmatters.com/article/dvd-set-shows-consistent-excellence-of-my-so-called-life/ |archive-date=2016-03-04 |website=[[PopMatters]]}}</ref> On review aggregation website [[Rotten Tomatoes]], Season 1 has a 94% approval rating based on 53 reviews. The site's consensus reads, "Effectively avoiding cliche and cheesy exposition, ''My So-Called Life''{{'}}s realistic portrayal of the average American girl is ahead of its time".<ref>{{Cite web |title=My So-Called Life |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/tv/my-so-called-life |access-date=April 23, 2024 |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]}}</ref> On [[Metacritic]], which assigns a [[weighted mean|weighted average]] rating, the show has a score of 92 out of 100 based on 19 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".<ref>{{Cite web |title=My So-Called Life |url=https://www.metacritic.com/tv/my-so-called-life |website=[[Metacritic]] |via=}}</ref> It is the 20th highest rated television series on the website.<ref>{{cite web |title=Best TV Shows of All Time |url=https://www.metacritic.com/browse/tv/?releaseYearMin=1910&releaseYearMax=2024&page=1 |access-date=April 23, 2024 |website=Metacritic}}</ref> In 2007, it was listed as one of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''{{'}}s "100 Best TV Shows of All-''TIME''".<ref name="time" /> ''Time'' critic [[James Poniewozik]] wrote,
*'''Rayanne Graff''', played by [[A.J. Langer]], is Angela's "new best friend" at the beginning of the series. She is wild, unpredictable, sexually active, and irresponsible. She is in many ways the opposite of Angela. However, Rayanne's freedom comes along with a negligent single mother (radiographer, tarot enthusiast, and hedonist Amber, played by Patti D'Arbanville-Quinn) and teenage alcoholism.
 
{{cquote|Angela Chase (Claire Danes) was a fully realized TV teen, smart and perceptive one minute, whiny and unstable the next, ready to burst into red-faced tears after getting jerked around by learning-challenged heartthrob Jordan Catalano. Angela's narration was angsty in that '90s, suburban, I've-listened-to-In-Utero-a-million-times way—"School is a battlefield for your heart"—but she won the battle for our hearts anyway.<ref name=time/>
*'''Enrique "Rickie" Vasquez''', played by [[Wilson Cruz]], is Rayanne Graff's other best friend. He is a gay Hispanic 15-year-old boy raised by his uncle, who physically abuses him. In 1994, when most of the show takes place, Rickie is as "out" as a teenager could be in his circumstances. When his uncle kicks him out of the house, he is fostered by English teacher Richard Katimski (who is also gay and becomes a mentor to Rickie) and his partner.
}}
 
In 2008, [[AOL TV]] named ''My So-Called Life'' as the second Best School Show of All Time.<ref name="AOL">{{cite web |date=August 26, 2008 |title=Best School Shows of All Time |url=http://www.aoltv.com/2008/08/26/best-school-shows/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025023023/http://www.aoltv.com/2008/08/26/best-school-shows/ |archive-date=October 25, 2012 |access-date=September 14, 2012 |website=[[AOL TV]]}}</ref> It was number 33 on ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''{{'}}s "New Classics TV" list of shows from 1983 to 2008,<ref name="EW">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.ew.com/article/2007/06/18/new-classics-tv |title=The New Classics: TV |date=June 18, 2007 |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710094307/http://www.ew.com/article/2007/06/18/new-classics-tv |archive-date=July 10, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> and as number 8 in the "25 Greatest Cult TV Shows Ever".<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Pastorek |first=Whitney |date=September 15, 2009 |title=25 Greatest Cult TV Shows Ever |url=https://ew.com/gallery/25-greatest-cult-tv-shows-ever/?slide=311483#311483 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |access-date=May 13, 2022}}</ref> ''[[TV Guide]]'' ranked the series number 16 on its 25 Top Cult Shows Ever list in 2004,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780760756348/page/330 |title=TV Guide Guide to TV |publisher=Barnes and Noble |year=2004 |isbn=0-7607-5634-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780760756348/page/330 330] |url-access=registration}}</ref> as well as number 2 on its 2013 list of 60 shows that were "Cancelled Too Soon".<ref>Roush, Matt (June 3, 2013). "Cancelled Too Soon". ''TV Guide''. pp. 20 and 21</ref>
*'''Sharon Cherski''', played by [[Devon Odessa]], was Angela's best friend throughout childhood, until Angela became friends with Rayanne. Their mothers are best friends. From Angela's point of view, Sharon represents a suffocating world of boredom and conventions as opposed to the wild world of Rayanne Graff. Yet most characters are mistaken when they assume that Sharon's life is devoid of passion. Sharon might be as passionate as Rayanne Graff, but is afraid to show it. She is very conventional and academically-minded, as well as active in school activities, including the yearbook committee. During the series, she becomes sexually active with her football-player boyfriend Kyle and develops a grudging friendship with Rayanne by the last episode.
 
===Awards and nominations===
*'''Brian Krakow''', played by [[Devon Gummersall]], is the geek of the show. He is remarkably intelligent and conformist. Despite his high IQ, he lacks emotional intelligence and is often socially awkward and self-righteous. This, more than anything else alienates him from his peers. Much like Sharon, he is often mistakenly believed by other characters to be devoid of emotion. He is in love with Angela, but he has no hope of her noticing him as he knows he is unattractive. Brian has known Angela and Sharon since they were all very young. He is the outsider of the show, but makes friends with Rickie towards the end of the series. The other characters usually turn to him only when they have an academic or technological query. His voice-over narrates the episode 'Life of Brian', in which we learn more about his inner and outer worlds.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
!scope="col"|Year
!scope="col"|Award
!scope="col"|Category
!scope="col"|Recipients
!scope="col"|Result
!Ref.
|-
|rowspan=4|1994
| rowspan=4|[[Young Artist Awards]]
| [[16th Youth in Film Awards|Best Performance by a Youth Actress in a Drama Series]]
| Lisa Wilhoit
| {{won|tied}}
| rowspan="4" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sixteenth Annual Youth in Film Awards {{!}} 1993-1994 |url=https://www.youngartistawards.org/pastnoms16.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000711084722/https://www.youngartistawards.org/pastnoms16.htm |archive-date=July 11, 2000 |access-date=May 23, 2022 |website=Young Artist Awards}}</ref>
|-
| Best Performance by a Youth Ensemble in a Television Series
| rowspan=2|''My So-Called Life''
| {{won}}
|-
| Best New Family Television Series
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Performance by a Youth Actor in a Drama Series
| Devon Gummersall
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=8|1995
| [[52nd Golden Globe Awards|Golden Globe Award]]s
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Drama|Best Actress – Television Series Drama]]
| [[Claire Danes]]
| {{won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winners & Nominees 1995 |url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/winners-nominees/1995 |access-date=2022-05-23 |website=Golden Globe Awards |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=4|[[Primetime Emmy Award]]s
| [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series|Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series]]
| Claire Danes
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="4" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nominees / Winners 1995 |url=https://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1995 |access-date=2022-05-23 |website=Television Academy |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series|Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series]]
| [[Scott Winant]] for "Pilot"
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series|Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series]]
| [[Winnie Holzman]] for "Pilot"
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Main Title Theme Music|Outstanding Main Title Theme Music]]
| [[W. G. Snuffy Walden]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[GLAAD Media Award]]
| Outstanding Drama Series
| rowspan=3|''My So-Called Life''
| {{won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 5, 2012 |title=GLAAD Taps Actor-Activist Wilson Cruz as Strategic Giving Officer |url=https://www.playbill.com/article/glaad-taps-actor-activist-wilson-cruz-as-strategic-giving-officer-com-197267 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126010716/https://www.playbill.com/article/glaad-taps-actor-activist-wilson-cruz-as-strategic-giving-officer-com-197267 |archive-date=November 26, 2020 |access-date=May 23, 2022 |website=[[Playbill]]}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2|[[TCA Awards]]
| [[TCA Award for Program of the Year|Program of the Year]]
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Television Critics Association (TCA) Award Winners |url=http://tvcritics.org/tca-awards/?q=view%2Ftcaawards |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620181010/http://tvcritics.org/tca-awards/?q=view%2Ftcaawards |archive-date=June 20, 2018 |access-date=May 23, 2022 |website=[[Television Critics Association]]}}</ref>
|-
| [[TCA Award for Outstanding Achievement in Drama|Outstanding Achievement in Drama]]
| {{won}}
|-
|-
|rowspan=1|1996
| rowspan=1|[[Bravo Otto Award]]s
| Best Performance by an Actor in a TV Series
| [[Jared Leto]]
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bravo Otto – Sieger 1996 |url=https://bravo-archiv.de/auswahl.php?link=ottosieger1996.php |access-date=May 23, 2022 |website=[[Bravo (magazine)|Bravo]] |language=de}}</ref>
|}
 
===Ratings===
*'''Jordan Catalano''', played by [[Jared Leto]], is one of the best remembered characters of the show, though he was possibly the least seen. He is the good-looking boy but is also one of the worst students at the high school, and on the brink of being expelled. He's nearly illiterate and is mistakenly believed to be stupid because of this. Angela is in love with him and during the series they begin an on-off relationship. Although he appears to belong to a group of rebellious teens, he is tired of the meaningless acts of vandalism that his friends commit for fun, yet he has no reason to believe that his life will change. He reveals his emotional depth in his songwriting ability and occasional - seemingly accidental - profound thoughts.
For its original run in the United States, the show aired on Thursday nights at 8 p.m. ET against top-10 hit sitcoms — ''[[Mad About You]]'' and ''[[Friends]]'' on [[NBC]], as well as the popular ''[[Martin (TV series)|Martin]]'', ''[[Living Single]]'' and ''[[New York Undercover]]'' on [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]], possibly contributing to the series' low ratings.<ref name="Bella" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 30, 1995 |title=Cast, fans face the facts of 'so-called life' |url=https://dailybruin.com/1995/01/30/cast-fans-face-the-facts-of-so/ |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=[[Daily Bruin]]}}</ref>
 
The producers said that they could not fault ABC for the creative freedom and support they gave them during production, as there were probably few networks that would have even put ''My So-Called Life'' on the air in the first place.<ref name="Deseret" />
*'''Tino''' was an oft-mentioned character who was never actually seen. He was allegedly a friend of Jordan and an "acquaintance" of Rayanne. Over the course of the show, each of the main teenage characters referenced Tino at least once and at least one party was attributed to him. For instance, Tino was the lead singer of Jordan Catalano's band, "The Frozen Embryos" [Later "Residue"].
 
''My So-Called Life'' was produced before the explosion of youth and teen programming.<ref name=elle/> The culture of television changed significantly in the years that immediately followed, most notably with the rise of [[The WB Television Network|The WB]] and [[UPN]]—networks that catered to the teenaged audience ''My So-Called Life'' sought—during the late 1990s and early 2000s (The WB and UPN launched just two weeks and one week, respectively, before ''My So-Called Life''{{'}}s run on ABC ended). "Networks didn’t understand that you could sell to adolescent girls," said Herskovitz.<ref name="Roberts">{{Cite web |last=Roberts |first=Soraya |date=2017-08-26 |title=Riot grrrls, beta males and fluid fashion: how My So-Called Life changed TV forever |url=http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2017/aug/26/my-so-called-life-claire-danes-show-that-changed-tv |access-date=2022-05-23 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> Although ''My So-Called Life'' drew adult fans in addition to teenage viewers,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mann |first=Judy |date=January 13, 1995 |title=A TV Show Worth Saving |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1995/01/13/a-tv-show-worth-saving/8128fea7-e77a-4c24-b9e3-63dbc73e0ece/ |access-date=May 23, 2022 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> the ratings-focused ABC concluded not enough viewers of a particular demographic were watching the show during its initial network run.<ref name="Deseret">{{Cite web |date=1994-12-14 |title='My So-Called Life' Fighting to Remain on ABC's Schedule |url=https://www.deseret.com/1994/12/14/19147941/my-so-called-life-fighting-to-remain-on-abc-s-schedule |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220513235804/https://www.deseret.com/1994/12/14/19147941/my-so-called-life-fighting-to-remain-on-abc-s-schedule |archive-date=2022-05-13 |access-date=2022-05-13 |website=[[Deseret News]] |language=en}}</ref> Holzman said, "It is one thing to have huge ratings, but it is quite another to have smaller ratings but with an extremely passionate following. I don't understand why the network did not understand that."<ref name="DVD Interview">{{Cite web |date= |title=2002 Bonus DVD Interview (My So-Called Life DVD Box Set) |url=https://www.mscl.com/scripts/dvdinterview.html |access-date=March 25, 2011 |website=www.mscl.com |language=en}}</ref>
 
When the network was considering canceling the show, producers Zwick and Herskovitz appealed to then-ABC President [[Bob Iger]], telling him, "You should keep this show on the air because teenage girls have no voice in our culture, and the show is giving them a voice."<ref name="Revolution">{{Cite web |last=Bierly |first=Mandi |date=March 19, 2018 |title=The moment TV's teen revolution truly began |url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/moment-tvs-teen-revolution-truly-began-235443548.html |access-date=2022-05-23 |website=[[Yahoo! Entertainment]] |language=en-US}}</ref> In January 1995, it was reported the show averaged 10 million viewers per week, a number ABC president of entertainment [[Ted Harbert]] said was high, but still fell short compared to ABC sitcom ''[[Home Improvement (TV series)|Home Improvement]],'' which averaged 30 million viewers weekly.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Zurawik |first=David |author-link=David Zurawik |date=January 19, 1995 |title=ABC goes on-line for 'So-Called Life' |work=[[The Baltimore Sun]] |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1995-01-19-1995019164-story.html |url-status=dead |access-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122041105/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1995-01-19-1995019164-story.html |archive-date=January 22, 2021}}</ref>
 
===Cancelation===
An online [[online petition|fan campaign]] attempted to save ''My So-Called Life'', the first such event in the history of the [[World Wide Web]].{{r|lahr20130909}}<ref name="Deseret" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Rhodes |first=Steve |date=May 31, 1995 |title=My So Called Modem |url=http://www.well.com/~srhodes/tvstory.html |website=San Francisco Bay Guardian}}</ref> Bolstered by fans' support, Ted Harbert said he was prepared to bring the show back for a second season.<ref name="Jensen" /><ref name="Braxton" /> However, Herskovitz said at that time Danes and her parents approached the show's creators and told producers that she did not want to be involved with the show if it continued,<ref name="DVD Interview" /><ref name="Jensen" /> citing the arduous shooting schedule which required the show's young actors to balance schoolwork with rehearsal and time on the set.
 
When Holzman learned Danes was no longer keen to continue with the show, her attitude changed as well. Holzman said, "When I realized that Claire truly did not want to do it any more, it was hard for me to want to do it. The joy in writing the show was that everyone was behind it and wanted to do it. And I love her. So part of the joy and excitement and happiness would have gone out of me if she had not been on board 100 percent. I wasn't able to say this at the time, but in retrospect it was a blessing for it to end at a time when we all enjoyed doing it. That's not to say that if the network had ordered more shows that I wouldn't have given it my best. But there was a rightness in how short the season was. This was a show about adolescence and sort of ended in its own adolescence. There was an aura about how short the series was like all things that die young. The show ended at a point that it was still all potential."<ref name="DVD Interview"/>
 
The show was officially canceled on May 15, 1995, for its "far too narrow" appeal.<ref name="Roberts" /> Although the fan campaign was not successful in getting a second season, the surrounding publicity led to [[MTV]] airing repeats of the show a month prior, which helped the show gain newer exposure.<ref name="Braxton" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-02-10 |title=A Matter Of 'My So-Called Life' Or Death |url=https://melmagazine.com/en-us/story/a-matter-of-my-so-called-life-or-death |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=[[MEL Magazine]] |language=en-US}}</ref> In a 2004 interview with ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', Danes insisted that she did not have enough power to cause the cancelation by herself.<ref name="Jensen">{{Cite magazine |last=Jensen |first=Jeff |author-link=Jeff Jensen |date=September 10, 2004 |title=Life As We Knew It |url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C692296%2C00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070308101414/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,692296,00.html |archive-date=March 8, 2007 |access-date=July 12, 2010 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly}}</ref> It is generally accepted that the show's cancelation was the result of a variety of factors, including low ratings and scant publicity from the network.<ref name="Jensen" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Littlefield |first=Kinney |date=December 27, 1994 |title=Quality may not salvage 'So-Called Life' |pages=21–22 |work=[[Record-Journal]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lMdHAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA11 |access-date=May 23, 2022}}</ref> [[Bess Armstrong]] said, "Actually, I don't think there were any bad guys. It was just a confluence of events. It was a perfect storm."<ref name="Jensen" /> Winnie Holzman theorized that the network was so on-the-fence about renewing the show in the first place that in some ways they used Danes' reluctance to return as a convenient excuse to not renew the series.<ref name="DVD Interview" /><ref name=elle/>
 
==Episodes==
{{Episode table
|background=#dfbf68
|overall=5
|title=
|writer=20
|director=20
|airdate=17
|prodcode=9
|viewers=9
|episodes=
 
{{Episode list
# Pilot - 8/25/1994
|EpisodeNumber= 1
# Dancing In The Dark - 9/1/1994
|Title= [[Pilot (My So-Called Life)|Pilot]]
# Guns And Gossip - 9/8/1994
|DirectedBy= [[Scott Winant]]
# Father Figures - 9/15/1994
|WrittenBy= [[Winnie Holzman]]
# The Zit - 9/22/1994
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|08|25}}
# The Substitute - 9/29/1994
|ProdCode= 59300
# Why Jordan Can't Read - 10/6/1994
|Viewers= 11.7<ref>{{cite news|title=Nielsen ratings|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=August 31, 1994}}</ref>
# Strangers In The House - 10/20/1994
|ShortSummary= As Angela Chase starts her sophomore year at Liberty High, she dyes her hair red and abandons her best friend Sharon for her outgoing new friend Rayanne. She starts reading Anne Frank's ''[[Diary of a Young Girl]]'', which she greatly enjoys, feeling that she relates to Anne Frank in some ways. This episode establishes her romantic interest in Jordan Catalano. She lies to her parents that she's staying at Rayanne's; instead, she, Rayanne, and Rickie head to a club but are unable to gain access. The two girls are hit on by some guys in the parking lot; after a confrontation, a cop drives them home and Jordan Catalano notices Angela in the backseat of the police car.
# Halloween - 10/27/1994
|LineColor= dfbf68
# Other People's Mothers - 11/3/1994 <
}}
# Life Of Brian - 11/10/1994
{{Episode list
# Self-Esteem - 11/17/1994
|EpisodeNumber= 2
# Pressure - 12/1/1994 <
|Title= Dancing in the Dark
# On The Wagon - 12/8/1994
|DirectedBy= Scott Winant
# So-Called Angels - 12/22/1994
|WrittenBy= Winnie Holzman
# Resolutions - 1/5/1995
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|09|01}}
# Betrayal - 1/12/1995
|ProdCode= 59301
# Weekend - 1/19/1995
|Viewers= 8.2<ref>{{cite news|title=Nielsen ratings|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=September 7, 1994}}</ref>
# In Dreams Begin Responsibilities - 1/26/1995
|ShortSummary= Rayanne arranges for Jordan Catalano to sell Angela a fake ID as a ruse for getting Jordan and Angela interact more. Unfortunately, Jordan bungles in his romantic approach to Angela; although this constitutes the first time the two kiss, she describes it in a later episode as a really bad kiss. Meanwhile, Patty and Graham stumble through ballroom-dancing lessons meant to spice up their marriage.
|LineColor= dfbf68
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 3
|Title= Guns and Gossip
|DirectedBy= [[Marshall Herskovitz]]
|WrittenBy= [[Justin Tanner]]
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|09|08}}
|ProdCode= 59302
|Viewers= 8.9<ref>{{cite news|title=CBS' 'Boys' off to good start|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=September 14, 1994|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary= After a gunshot goes off in school, Brian Krakow experiences pressure from authority figures to inform on Rickie, who is suspected of bringing the gun to school; he didn't, but he wants fellow students to think he did, believing that he will be harassed less for his bisexuality. He points out in class that firearms are not just tools of aggression; they are also often tools of defense. After Angela comforts Rickie in his car, their friendship grows stronger. The parents panic more about the gun incident than the students do. Meanwhile, Angela is dealing with a rumor that she had sex with Jordan Catalano; she discovers that the rumor originated with Brian Krakow.
|LineColor= dfbf68
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 4
|Title= Father Figures
|DirectedBy= Mark Rosner
|WrittenBy= Winnie Holzman
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|09|15}}
|ProdCode= 59303
|Viewers= 9.7<ref>{{cite news|title='Girl' helps ABC start fall season on top|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=September 21, 1994|author=Gable, Donna}}</ref>
|ShortSummary= Patty, who runs her father's printing business, must deal with him when [[Internal Revenue Service|the IRS]] decides to do an audit; all of her various suggestions go unheard by her unyielding father. Meanwhile, Angela gives her own father the [[silent treatment]] after accidentally seeing him with another woman. Graham gives her and Rayanne [[Grateful Dead]] tickets, but Angela [[ticket scalping|scalps]] them, angering Rayanne, who has no father figure so appreciates her interactions with Graham. Angela hides in Brian Krakow's car to make her dad think she went to the concert, knowing he'd be disappointed to learn she didn't, but he discovers the truth and gives ''her'' the silent treatment. Eventually he asks Angela what kind of music she likes.
|LineColor= dfbf68
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 5
|Title= The Zit
|DirectedBy= Victor DuBois
|WrittenBy= [[Betsy Thomas]]
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|09|22}}
|ProdCode= 59304
|Viewers= 8.6<ref>{{cite news|title=Nielsen ratings|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=September 28, 1994}}</ref>
|ShortSummary= The Annual Three Rivers Mother-Daughter Fashion Show is approaching. Rayanne's slut potential and Sharon's large breasts get mentioned on a Sophomore Girls List made by some jocks. Angela, who is not on the list, feels self-conscious about her small breasts and a zit on her chin and concludes that she is ugly; coincidentally, Sharon becomes self-conscious about her large breasts. Patty doesn't understand why Angela doesn't wish to participate in the fashion show until she learns of Angela's insecurities. Angela suggests that her mom do the fashion show with Danielle.
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}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 6
|Title= The Substitute
|DirectedBy= [[Ellen S. Pressman]]
|WrittenBy= [[Jason Katims]]
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|09|29}}
|ProdCode= 59305
|Viewers= 9.0<ref>{{cite news|title=Nielsen ratings|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=October 5, 1994}}</ref>
|ShortSummary= An unconventional substitute teacher ([[Roger Rees]]) temporarily turns Angela's English class into a poetry-writing club that encourages students to express themselves. Controversy arises when students’ poems are published in the school’s literary magazine and the principal finds the content to be inappropriate. When the principal threatens to suspend any student distributing copies, Angela defies him and engages in civil disobedience.
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}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 7
|Title= Why Jordan Can't Read
|DirectedBy= [[Mark Piznarski]]
|WrittenBy= Liberty Godshall
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|10|06}}
|ProdCode= 59307
|Viewers= 9.1<ref>{{cite news|title=CBS edges into No. 1 spot, but can it stay?|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=October 12, 1994|author=Graham, Jefferson}}</ref>
|ShortSummary= Angela and Jordan get close when she learns of his [[reading disability|reading problem]] by discovering that he was unable to read a note he found that she had written about him. She speculates that he might be [[Dyslexia|dyslexic]], although he doubts it. After being invited to his band's practice session, she grows even closer to him when she hears his new song, "Red," which she and Rickie believe is about her, but which is actually about his car. Meanwhile, Patty might be pregnant: Graham warms to the possibility of having a son, but when they learn Patty isn't pregnant, she realizes that he's disappointed. Graham resorts to playing catch with Brian Krakow.
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}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 8
|Title= Strangers in the House
|DirectedBy= [[Ron Lagomarsino]]
|WrittenBy= Jill Gordon
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|10|20}}
|ProdCode= 59308
|Viewers= 9.3<ref>{{cite news|title='Grace' leads ABC to tie with CBS|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=October 26, 1994|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary= After her father has a heart attack, Sharon moves in with the Chases temporarily. Angela wants to get closer to her but doesn't know how; however, Rayanne does get closer to Sharon and drives her to the hospital. Sharon's father is about Graham's age, and the experience prompts him to think about his future and his dissatisfaction with his job. He lands a big account, but Patty fires him as a way to free him to pursue a more fulfilling career.
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}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 9
|Title= Halloween
|DirectedBy= Mark Piznarski
|WrittenBy= Jill Gordon
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|10|27}}
|ProdCode= 59401
|Viewers= 9.8<ref>{{cite news|title=ABC is 'Home' alone at the top|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=November 2, 1994|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary= Halloween rolls into Three Rivers, blurring the line between facades and realities. When Patty and Graham venture to buy costumes on Halloween day, a pirate costume and a [[Rapunzel]] costume are all they can find, but serendipitously the costumes lead them to passionate roleplaying. Danielle dresses as Angela and goes trick-or-treating with Sharon. Meanwhile, Angela dresses as a schoolgirl from the early 1960s. After learning of Nicky Driscoll, a student who died in the early '60s, she, Rayanne, and Rickie decide to break into the school on Halloween night. Brian shows up too, facilitates the break-in, and comforts the [[achluophobia|achluophobic]] Rayanne in the basement while Angela sees visions of Nicky Driscoll and the events leading to his death. The experience gives Angela the motivation to convince Jordan Catalano not to let his teachers define his life for him.
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}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 10
|Title= Other People's Mothers
|DirectedBy= [[Claudia Weill]]
|WrittenBy=[[Richard Kramer (writer)|Richard Kramer]]
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|11|03}}
|ProdCode= 59306
|Viewers= 9.8<ref>{{cite news|title='Cagney & Lacey' makes winning return|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=November 9, 1994|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary= Rayanne throws a party on the same night of Angela's grandparents’ anniversary dinner. After an argument with Patty, Angela heads to Rayanne’s. Rayanne overdoses on a cocktail of [[ecstasy (drug)|ecstasy]] and [[alcohol abuse|alcohol]], but her mother Amber shows little concern about her condition. Patty comes over and takes Rayanne to the hospital.
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}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 11
|Title= Life of Brian
|DirectedBy= [[Todd Holland]]
|WrittenBy= Jason Katims
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|11|10}}
|ProdCode= 59402
|Viewers= 9.6<ref>{{cite news|title=CBS' 'Scarlett' sweeps to No. 1|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=November 16, 1994|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = This episode is told from Brian's viewpoint as the school World Happiness Dance screws up everyone's love lives, Brian gets his first erection "from actual physical contact" when new transfer student Delia ([[Senta Moses]]) touches his hand, and he asks her to the dance. Jordan won't ask Angela to the dance, so Angela asks Brian to drive her there; realizing that this is his chance to woo Angela, he cancels on Delia. Rickie develops a crush on Cory, whom Rayanne asks to the dance with her and Rickie. At the dance, Rickie thinks Cory might be hitting on him, but it's soon clear that Cory was interested in Rayanne all along. Angela gets angry at Brian for snubbing Rickie and scheming to get her alone. Brian sees Delia at the dance and tries unsuccessfully to reconcile. Jordan comes to the dance and tells Angela that he likes the way "she is." Angela, buoyed by a successful conversation with Jordan, admits she ruined Brian's night and asks him to dance; he declines.
 
In 1997, [[TV Guide]] ranked this episode #37 on its list of the 100 Greatest Episodes.<ref>{{cite book |year=2007 |title=The TV Guide Book of Lists |url=https://archive.org/details/tvguidebookoflis0000unse |___location=Philadelphia |publisher=Running Press |page=750|isbn=9780762430079 }}</ref>
== Production ==
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=== Preparation ===
}}
[[Winnie Holzman]] was an award-winning writer but had not written much for television and was not making a living with writing at the time she got the idea for ''My So-Called Life'', a project she had initially been calling 'Someone Like Me'. Holzman spent time at Fairfax High School in Los Angeles (through a program with the Writer's Guild in which writers could guest teach) as research for writing the show.
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 12
|Title= Self-Esteem
|DirectedBy= [[Michael Engler]]
|WrittenBy= Winnie Holzman
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|11|17}}
|ProdCode= 59403
|Viewers= 8.8<ref>{{cite news|title='Scarlett,' CBS' sweeping epic|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=November 23, 1994|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = Jordan won't acknowledge his new relationship with Angela, but continues to meet her at school for makeout sessions that he tells her to keep secret. The distraction starts to negatively impact Angela's academic performance, especially in geometry class. Rayanne and Sharon express skepticism about Jordan's treatment of Angela, who lies that he's asked her on a date to a concert. At the concert, Jordan snubs Angela, and Rayanne tells him off. Back at school Angela finally tells Jordan she won't accept his terms. Graham starts cooking classes and meets a charismatic woman, but the alcoholic teacher keeps missing the class. Patty assumes Graham wants to quit, or that his shortcomings causing the class to go poorly. When the teacher goes to rehab, Graham is asked to teach the class. A new teacher invites Rickie to join the drama club.
 
In 2009, TV Guide ranked this episode #44 on its list of the 100 Greatest Episodes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rev-views.blogspot.com/2009/06/tv-guides-top-100-episodes.html|title=TV Guide's Top 100 Episodes|publisher=Rev/Views|access-date=July 4, 2016}}</ref>
Her brother Ernest Holzman had been working as a cinematographer with producers Zwick and Herskovitz on their hit show ''Thirtysomething'' when he introduced his sister Winnie to the producers, who grudgingly agreed to look at her "spec" script for what would become the pilot of ''My So Called Life''. They were pleasantly surprised that the draft pilot was brilliant and worked with Winnie to shape the show. Ernest Holzman went on to work as director of photography on several episodes of ''My So-Called Life''. Zwick and Herskovitz, in many ways pioneers of the type of naturalistic television characters that distinguish the shows they have produced, had worked on the TV series ''[[Family (TV series)|Family]]'' in the mid-seventies and had struggled to develop a young female character that was played by [[Kristy McNichol]] on the show. They have said that in some ways, the character of Angela Chase on ''My So-Called Life'' was a "spiritual descendant" of the earlier character and that the chance to portray a young woman honestly in a television drama drew them to the project.
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}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 13
|Title= Pressure
|DirectedBy= Mark Piznarski
|WrittenBy= [[Ellie Herman|Ellen Herman]]
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|12|01}}
|ProdCode= 59404
|Viewers= 10.4<ref>{{cite news|title=Nielsen ratings|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=December 7, 1994}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = Jordan pressures Angela to sleep with him; Graham considers starting his own restaurant.
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}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 14
|Title= On the Wagon
|DirectedBy= [[Jeff Perry (American actor)|Jeff Perry]]
|WrittenBy= Elizabeth Gill
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|12|08}}
|ProdCode= 59405
|Viewers= 9.1<ref>{{cite news|title=Nielsen ratings|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=December 14, 1994}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = Feeling left out of Angela's life, Rayanne becomes lead singer of Jordan's band, the Frozen Embryos. Meanwhile, Patty suspects that Rayanne has started drinking again.
|LineColor= dfbf68
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 15
|Title= So-Called Angels
|DirectedBy= Scott Winant
|WrittenBy= Winnie Holzman & Jason Katims
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1994|12|22}}
|ProdCode= 59406
|Viewers= 11.2<ref>{{cite news|title=Football kicks off ABC's winning week|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=December 29, 1994|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = Christmas in Three Rivers finds Rickie out on the street after a fight with his abusive uncle. Aided by a mysterious homeless girl ([[Juliana Hatfield]]), Angela tries to help him which puts her at odds with Patty. Meanwhile, Brian faces Christmas alone.
|LineColor= dfbf68
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 16
|Title= Resolutions
|DirectedBy= [[Patrick Norris|Patrick R. Norris]]
|WrittenBy= Ellen Herman
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1995|01|05}}
|ProdCode= 59407
|Viewers= 10.5<ref>{{cite news|title=Nielsen ratings|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=January 11, 1995}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = As the new year begins, everybody makes resolutions without intending to keep them. Rickie's home situation sends him on his own odyssey; Brian and Jordan tutor each other; and Graham considers Hallie's proposition(s).
|LineColor= dfbf68
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 17
|Title= Betrayal
|DirectedBy= Mark Piznarski
|WrittenBy= Jill Gordon
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1995|01|12}}
|ProdCode= 59408
|Viewers= 9.9<ref>{{cite news|title='ER' rolls into the No. 1 spot|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=January 18, 1995|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = Rayanne wins the starring role in the school play but loses Angela's friendship after she and Jordan get drunk and have sex in his car.
|LineColor= dfbf68
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 18
|Title= Weekend
|DirectedBy= Todd Holland
|WrittenBy= Adam Dooley
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1995|01|19}}
|ProdCode= 59409
|Viewers= 10.4<ref>{{cite news|title='ER' helps pull NBC to No. 1|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=January 25, 1995|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = Rayanne accidentally handcuffs herself to Patty and Graham's bed when Angela's parents go out of town for a weekend in this episode narrated from Danielle's perspective.
|LineColor= dfbf68
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber= 19
|Title= In Dreams Begin Responsibilities
|DirectedBy= [[Elodie Keene]]
|WrittenBy= Winnie Holzman
|OriginalAirDate= {{Start date|1995|01|26}}
|ProdCode= 59410
|Viewers= 11.8<ref>{{cite news|title=Super Bowl kicks ABC to the top|department=Life|work=[[USA Today]]|page=3D|date=February 1, 1995|author=DeRosa, Robin}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = Everybody in Three Rivers is having weird dreams lately. Jordan, hoping to win Angela back, enlists Brian to help him say the right words, resulting in The Letter. Delia has a crush on Rickie, Patty dreams about her old beau, and Graham cooks for the investors. Rickie's odyssey and the ''MSCL'' season both conclude.
|LineColor= dfbf68
}}
}}
 
=== Planned storylines ===
The genesis of Angela Chase's signature voice-over was in [[Winnie Holzman]]'s struggle to write. The producers encouraged Holzman to write in the voice of a character as if she were writing a diary. Much of what was written for this exercise was used in Angela's voice-over dialogue in the pilot for the show.
Had the show continued, Winnie Holzman said a second season would potentially have seen Patty and Graham getting a divorce, Angela turning to Brian for comfort, Sharon dealing with a teen pregnancy, and Brian and Delia getting together at some point.<ref name=elle/>
 
=== CastingCultural andimpact Production ===
''My So-Called Life'' is seen as a groundbreaking television show for its realistic portrayal of adolescence and for launching a revolution of [[Angst|teen angst]]-oriented [[Drama (film and television)|dramas]] on primetime TV.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Salveta |first=Rachel |date=April 4, 2022 |title=Why 'My So-Called Life Remains One of the Most Honest Depictions of Teenage Angst |url=https://collider.com/my-so-called-life-honest-depiction-of-teenage-angst/ |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Revolution" /> It is credited with moving teen dramas away from the [[soap opera]] tone of previous shows like ''[[Beverly Hills, 90210]]'' and towards a smarter look at everyday teenage life.<ref>{{Cite web |last=St. James |first=Emily |date=2014-01-27 |title=My So-Called Life set the path all teen shows would follow |url=https://www.avclub.com/my-so-called-life-set-the-path-all-teen-shows-would-fol-1798265693 |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=[[The A.V. Club]] |language=en-us}}</ref>
Fourteen-year-old actress [[Alicia Silverstone]] was one of the actresses who read for the lead part of Angela and was very good but was deemed to be too polished and too self-possessed to effectively play a character who could project a sense of doubt and anxiety about her place in the world. A 13-year-old Claire Danes had appeared only in one small part on the show ''Law & Order'', but on the strength of her appearance was noticed by casting directors and was brought in to read for the part of Angela Chase while she was in Los Angeles reading for a [[Steven Spielberg]] project. The producers and casting director were blown away by the depth of Danes' audition and knew she was the one to bring the character of Angela to life. But they had grave concerns about having a 13-year-old actress in the lead on an hour-long drama shot on film as her working hours would be so restrictive as to make production very challenging. To that point, most shows about young teenagers were played by actors over 18. The producers argued about this issue and eventually decided to take a risk and cast Danes in the lead. The limits of Danes' working hours turned out to serve the show as the producers were forced to expand the screen time of the ensemble actors, making a richer dramatic structure. The producers settled on a four-act formula in which there would be at least two major scenes in which Danes' character would not appear. This challenged the writers to expand and develop additional characters, like Rickie Vasquez, played by [[Wilson Cruz]]. The alienation felt by the character of Rickie only mirrored and added depth to that felt by Angela, brilliantly adding to the complexity of the show.
 
On a 2012 list of cult TV shows, critic Melissa Maerz wrote "it was the first teen drama that didn't feel like an [[After school special|after-school special]]. No one ever learned a very important lesson or uttered the phrase 'I love you, Dad.' Angela acted like a real 15-year-old, with all the crying jags and [[Buffalo Tom]] concerts that implies. What's even more impressive is that anyone who watched the show back in the '90s, when angst and [[Manic Panic (brand)|Manic Panic]] felt totally of the moment, can now enjoy it on a very different level. Suddenly, Angela's parents are relatable. Dammit, we're old."<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Maerz |first=Melissa |date=August 26, 2012 |title=26 Best Cult TV Shows Ever |url=http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0%2C%2C20620965_21199218%2C00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118184132/http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0,,20620965_21199218,00.html#21199058 |archive-date=November 18, 2012 |access-date=July 6, 2022 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly}}</ref>
Jared Leto was only supposed to do the pilot for the show and was not initially envisioned as a series regular. But the casting director and producers were impressed with his auditions and early performances. They said they "could never catch him acting." In fact, for a while he did a good job of fooling the producers into thinking he was somewhat like the dimwit he played as he often remained in character between shots. They were genuinely surprised to discover that he was such an articulate, intelligent person. Jared Leto did not initially see himself as being on a television series as he was mostly interviewing for film work at the time he landed the role.
 
Of the character types explored in the show, Jeff Jensen of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' wrote, "[Winnie] Holzman took these stock types and made them complicated and real — you didn't need to be a girl to feel Angela's longing for Jordan, didn't need to be gay to connect with Rickie's coming-out journey."<ref name="Jensen" /> The character of Rickie Vasquez became the first openly [[queer]] character on primetime TV, and the first queer [[Person of color|character of color]].<ref name="Roberts" /> The final episode of the series, "In Dreams Begin Responsibilities" is notable for featuring a moment in which Ricky says out loud that he's gay — "a first for both the character and network television."<ref name="elle" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gopalan |first=Nisha |date=December 29, 2019 |title='My So-Called Life' revisited |url=https://ew.com/article/2007/10/25/my-so-called-life-revisited/ |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=EW.com |language=en}}</ref> While doing publicity for the show at the time, Cruz made a point of communicating that he was gay in real life.<ref name="elle" />
By design the parent characters were written flatly in the pilot as that was how the lead character Angela perceived them. But Bess Armstrong and Tom Irwin were such strong actors and brought so much to their portrayals that it was difficult to keep them that way.
 
In a 2017 article for ''[[The Guardian]]'', Soraya Roberts wrote ''My So-Called Life'' "not only flirted with [[Non-binary gender|gender fluidity]] before it became a part of the national conversation, it questioned the parameters of conventional maleness," and "was the rare primetime show that candidly discussed teen sex (according to the [[Kaiser Family Foundation]], by 1996 only 12% of shows involved adolescent sexual content) – not only that, teen girl sex."<ref name="Roberts" /> The episode "Guns and Gossip" is notable for addressing the topic of [[gun violence]] in schools, five years before [[Columbine High School massacre|Columbine]].<ref name="Revolution" />
The show was written gradually and organically as the network ordered additional episodes. Holzman has said that she did not allow herself to think too far ahead but instead she wrote "in response to what [she] was feeling and seeing on the set as characters were developing." She was very interested in "polarized people who come together." The characters of Rayanne and Sharon were created as two opposing forces who were gradually brought together to great dramatic effect. The relationship between these opposing characters was something that was decided upon well into the season.
 
Numerous [[showrunner]]s and creators of teen-centered dramas or sitcoms, including [[Nahnatchka Khan]] (''[[Fresh Off the Boat]]''), [[Brian Yorkey]] (''[[13 Reasons Why]]''), [[Stephanie Savage]] (''[[Gossip Girl]]''), and [[Terri Minsky|Terri Minski]] (''[[Andi Mack]]''), have cited ''MSCL'' and its impact on them as teens.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bierly |first=Mandi |date=March 16, 2018 |title=Why 'My So-Called Life' is the most influential teen show ever |url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/called-life-influential-teen-show-ever-215704787.html |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=Yahoo! Entertainment |language=en-US}}</ref> Showrunner and [[Arrowverse]] creator [[Greg Berlanti]] called the series "the most painfully honest portrayal of adolescence ever on television."<ref name="Jensen" />
Because of its checkered history, production of the show was spread out over an unusually long period of time. More than two years lapsed between the shooting of the pilot and the final episode of the show. The pilot itself was not picked up at the normal time the networks made their orders for shows for the fall 1994 season. It was picked up later. And even then the network was so unsure about the show that they only ordered the production of six episodes (as opposed to the standard order of a half-season of 13 or a full season of 22). Each time the network made a request for new episodes they only ordered six or seven shows at a time. This often caused long gaps in production. Vigilant viewers may notice some subtle changes in the appearance of various actors (especially Devon Gummersall, who had the most dramatic physical change) and in some of the sets. Despite the fits and starts, the show's episodes were generally shot in sequence, though there were one or two episodes (such as the Rayanne overdose episode) that were flipped in sequence and aired in a different order than they had been shot. However, as the storylines for each of the episodes were self-contained and were not contingent on dependent narrative elements, nothing appeared out of sorts to the audience.
 
The series is ranked at number 68 on the [[Writers Guild of America]] 2013 list of the 101 Best-Written TV Series,<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2013-06-02 |title='101 Best Written TV Series Of All Time' From WGA/TV Guide: Complete List |url=https://deadline.com/2013/06/wgas-101-best-written-tv-series-of-all-time-complete-list-512061/ |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=[[Deadline (website)|Deadline]] |language=en-US}}</ref> and is frequently included in lists of TV shows that were cancelled too soon.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=June 7, 2022 |title=10 Beloved TV Shows That Only Lasted One Season |url=https://time.com/6184854/one-season-tv-shows/ |access-date=2022-07-06 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |language=en}}</ref>
The producers developed a strong working relationship with ABC from having created and produced ''Thirtysomething''. They were not interfered with and received neither pressure nor notes from the network brass, which is a fairly rare situation in network television. Zwick and Herskovitz preferred working this way and were comfortable with knowing the show lived or died on their judgment.
 
''My So-Called Life'' also inspired a German version of the sitcom called ''[[Mein Leben & Ich]],''<ref name="Slant" /> which ran for 6 seasons and a total of 74 episodes, 25 minutes each.
Scott Winant, director of the pilot and several episodes of the season, had been a member of the Bedford Falls family and worked with the show's producers on ''Thirtysomething''. He was already an accomplished director at the time he began working on ''My So-Called Life''. But when the producers screened the show's pilot, they were astonished at how much his work was an advance even for him. Winant just "got" the material. Zwick said, "Scott took the material and ran with it. He understood it and brought to it his own alienated understanding of that particular moment in adolescence. But it was not retro. It was very present. Something remembered but also something very contemporary. What impressed me most was when I saw what he had done with his focus on the flickering fluorescent lights in Angela's homeroom. That was in itself a metaphor for the show: of something shorting out....something not working."
 
==Home media==
Holzman says "Shooting the pilot was magical. Everyone could feel how good it was going to be. It had a lot to do with Claire and how amazing she was. One of my favorite memories was the night we grabbed that long shot on the street near the end of the episode. We were under so much pressure because we were going to lose Claire at any moment [due to union work rules and laws that pertain to underaged actors]. It always felt like the production was just about to lose Claire. She was always running off to take a French test or something. We always had to rush to get something shot. But that says a lot about her incredible talent because she's just come in without a lot of rehearsal and she'd just do it. And she was only this 14-year-old girl. She was that remarkable. Anyway, that night Claire was tense. Her parents were tense. We were running out of time. But my brother [Ernest Holzman] stayed focused and saw the beauty and romance in that long shot on the street with Angela and Brian. It was he who was pushing to get that shot. He was instrumental in finding that moment, in seeing it and in pushing to get it. It became one of the most iconic images from the show."
A subset of the episodes were released on VHS by [[Bertelsmann Music Group|BMG]] Video in 1998.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Block |first=Debbie Galante |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EQoEAAAAMBAJ&dq=my+so-called+life&pg=PA66 |title=Video: A Fat Fall Lineup Fills Up the Horizon |date=1998-08-22 |magazine=Billboard |page=66 |language=en}}</ref>
 
On November 19, 2002, BMG released the complete series on a five-disc box set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 23, 2003 |title=My So-Called Life — The Complete Series |url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/review/6154 |access-date=2022-11-28 |website=www.dvdtalk.com}}</ref>
The producers were routinely impressed with Danes' natural acting talent and were impressed from the start. Danes' audition was a scene that appeared in the pilot in which Angela Chase confronts her best friend Sharon Cherski (later played by Devon Odessa) in the bathroom at school. The producers said that when Danes read the part, her face flushed red and her eyes filled with tears as she read the scene. They were impressed by the physical reaction and authenticity she was able to conjure. Danes repeated the exact reaction when she read a second time for the producers, a third time for network executives, and then when they shot it numerous times during the actual production of the pilot. They were astonished with her talent at such a young age.
 
On May 14, 2007, [[Universal Pictures Home Entertainment|Universal Playback]] released the complete series in the United Kingdom in [[DVD region code#2|Region 2]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/My-So-Called-Life-DVD/dp/B000N39I0M |title=''My So-Called Life'' on Amazon.co.uk |website=Amazon UK |date=May 14, 2007 |access-date=December 17, 2016}}</ref>
Producer Ed Zwick recalled how he marveled at Danes' ability during a scene in which she had to tell her mother "to the embarrassing degree" that she was not having sex with Jordan. "We were shooting the scene in the parents' bedroom. The only direction I gave Claire was to sort of put her hand over her face sheepishly as her mother was talking. We started to roll and she just nailed it. She was incredibly natural. We shot the master in one take. Went around the other side. Did one take of coverage on Bess and then one on Claire and we had it. I had never worked so fast before."
 
On October 30, 2007, [[Shout! Factory]] re-released ''My So-Called Life'' on DVD in Region 1 in a six-disc box set with a disc of special features, including an interview with series star [[Claire Danes]]. Shout! Factory is a distribution company that has released short-lived shows in the past.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/newsitem.cfm?NewsID=7646|title=My So-Called Life DVD news: Claire Danes interviewed for MSCL set - Press Release |website=tvshowsondvd.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716202419/http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/newsitem.cfm?NewsID=7646|archive-date=July 16, 2007}}</ref>
Holzman: "We were shooting in an actual high school in LA that was actually open and had students in it. They gave us, like, a wing of the school. I remember the crew having to hold [our shots] for the bells. I was smoking at the time and I was always having a tough time finding a place to smoke because they wouldn't let you smoke there. Being in that high school was so surreal. I saw a projector in one of the classrooms that looked just like the ones that they had in my high school in the 1970s. Everything was the same. It was so bizarre because there I was back in high school, looking as if nothing had changed, and my brother was there with me and I was sneaking off to smoke cigarettes. It was almost as if everything had contrived to make me feel like I was right back in high school again."
 
On September 13, 2007, Eurovideo released the complete series on DVD in Germany in [[DVD region code#2|Region 2]]; The 5-disc boxset featured German and English soundtrack but no special features.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.de/dp/B000TDR6MI |title=Willkommen im Leben - Die komplette Serie (5 DVDs): Amazon.de: Claire Danes, Jared Leto, Bess Armstrong, W.G. Snuffy Walden, Mark Piznarski, Scott Winant, Todd Holland: Filme & TV |website=Amazon Germany |date=April 21, 2008 |access-date=September 22, 2013}}</ref>
While filming the scene in the pilot in which Angela, Rickie, and Rayanne are unable to get into 'Let's Bolt', Wilson Cruz approached Holzman and in a candid moment confessed that he was incredibly intimidated watching Danes work as her performances were so natural and they apparently came so easily to her. Holzman told him that he should not be intimidated but should learn from it as it was truly a gift.
 
On June 10, 2008, Beyond Home Entertainment released the complete series on DVD in Australia in Region 4.<ref>{{Cite web |title=My So-Called Life - The Complete Series (5 Disc Set) |url=https://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/799508 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210130635/https://www.ezydvd.com.au/item.zml/799508 |archive-date=December 10, 2008 |website=www.ezydvd.com.au}}</ref>
Holzman has said there was something wonderful about working in the presence of someone so talented. She said that all of the young actors gave 110% percent of themselves and that there was great pleasure in writing the show because everyone in the cast and crew was so strongly behind it. There was something magical about using kids who were actually in such a stage of growth and transition. She saw it as one of the key advanatges of using actors who were authentically the ages they were portraying.
 
On December 3, 2008, Free Dolphin released the complete series on DVD in France in Region 2,<ref>{{cite web |date=September 12, 2008 |title=DVD Release in France on December 3rd |url=https://www.mscl.com/newsarchive/284_DVD_Release_in_France_on_December_3rd.html |access-date=May 13, 2022 |website=MSCL.com News Archive |publisher=AnotherUniverse.com}}</ref> with a 32-page booklet but no other special features.
The producers knew they were obviously dealing with a 14-year-old actress. But they have said that Danes possessed such genius, maturity, and such a sense of inner grace that they often were at a loss to know where to pitch their sensibilities with her.
 
As of March 2021, [[Hulu]] is the official streaming service for the series.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 4, 2021 |title=Groundbreaking 'My So-Called Life' Series is Coming to Hulu |url=https://www.out.com/television/2021/3/04/groundbreaking-my-so-called-life-series-coming-hulu |website=[[Out (magazine)|Out]]}}</ref>
The show's final episode was written at a time when Holzman and the show's producers thought they would very likely be picked up for a second season. Holzman said, "That's why it was written that way."
 
==Soundtrack==
==== Low Ratings ====
[[Atlantic Records]] released a soundtrack of the show, which was released on August 25, 1994, then re-released on January 24, 1995.<ref>{{Citation |title=Original TV Soundtrack My So Called Life Album Reviews, Songs & More |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/my-so-called-life-mw0000122115 |work=[[AllMusic]] |language=en |access-date=2022-05-23}}</ref>
For its original run in the United States, it aired on Thursday nights at 8 p.m. ET against four top-10 hit sitcoms &mdash; ''[[Mad About You]]'' and ''[[Friends]]'' on [[National Broadcasting Company|NBC]], as well as the popular ''[[Martin (television)|Martin]]'' and ''[[Living Single]]'' on [[Fox Network|FOX]], undoubtedly contributing to the series' low ratings.
{{Infobox album
| name = My So-Called Life (Music from the Television Series)
| type = soundtrack
| artist = Various artists
| cover =
| caption =
| alt =
| released = {{Start date|1994|08|25}}<br />January 24, 1995 (re-release)
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre =
| length = 34:54
| label = Atlantic Records
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}
 
{{Track listing
The producers said that they could not fault ABC for the creative freedom and support they gave them during production, as there were probably few networks that would have even put ''My So-Called Life'' on the air in the first place. However, it was clear that ABC had tremendous difficulty in effectively promoting the show.
| headline = My So-Called Life (Music from the Television Series)
| extra_column = Artists
| total_length = 34:54
 
| all_writing =
''My So-Called Life'' was produced at a time that predated the explosion of youth and teen programming. ABC simply did not see it as having business potential. The culture of television would change significantly in the years that immediately followed. But in the 1994-95 season ABC simply did not understand that there was a market for a show that appealed to 15-year-old girls. Holzman never intended the show to be exclusively for teens. This may have been even more confusing for the network in terms of placement and promotion as the show clearly was of interest to a broader audience. In the end, not enough viewers of any age were watching the show during its initial network run. ABC was more focused on larger ratings numbers and wider demographics. Holzman said, "It is one thing to have huge ratings, but it is quite another to have smaller ratings but with an extremely passionate following. I don't understand why the network did not understand that."
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
 
| writing_credits =
In conversations with then ABC President Bob Iger, producers Zwick and Herskovitz told him that by broadcasting ''My So-called Life'' the network was giving a voice to millions of young women who otherwise had no voice on network television. The show was making money for the network and as such they told him he should keep the show on the air for no other reason than "good corporate works." But ABC could simply not yet see the economic appeal of an audience of teenaged girls.
| lyrics_credits =
| music_credits =
 
| title1 = Make It Home
==== Cancellation ====
| writer1 =
The cancellation was in large part due to the show's low ratings and ABC's inability to know how to promote the show. But actress Claire Danes was also a strong catalyst for the show's demise. Producer Marshall Herskovitz said in an interview in 2000 that "such a long time had passed since Danes had signed on to the pilot that she was ready to leave and do film."
| lyrics1 =
| music1 =
| extra1 = [[Juliana Hatfield]]
| length1 = 4:44
 
| title2 = Soda Jerk
Not insignificant was the arduous schedule and the mental and physical demands of the production of episodic television, especially for young actors who must balance school work with rehearsal and time on the set. Herskovitz said Danes and her parents approached the show's creators and told producers that she did not want to be involved with the show moving forward if they were picked up for a second season. The producers were fully committed to continuing the show. And for perhaps one of the first times in the history of the new and burgeoning World Wide Web, fans were using the new technology as a tool for grassroots mobilization of fan support. People also took out expensive advertisements in ''Variety'' and the ''Hollywood Reporter'' urging ABC to renew the show. But fans had no way to know of the internal strife inside the show in its last days.
| writer2 =
| lyrics2 =
| music2 =
| extra2 = [[Buffalo Tom]]
| length2 = 4:26
 
| title3 = Genetic
Once Holzman heard that Danes was no longer behind the show, her attitude changed as well. She said, "When I realized that Claire truly did not want to do it any more, it was hard for me to want to do it. The joy in writing the show was that everyone was behind it and wanted to do it. And I love her. So part of the joy and excitement and happiness would have gone out of me if she had not been on board 100%. I wasn't able to say this at the time, but in retrospect it was a blessing for it to end at a time when we all enjoyed doing it. That's not to say that if the network had ordered more shows that I wouldn't have given it my best. But there was a rightness in how short the season was. This was a show about adolescence and sort of ended in its own adolescence. There was an aura about how short the series was like all things that die young. The show ended at a point that it was still all potential."
| writer3 =
| lyrics3 =
| music3 =
| extra3 = [[Sonic Youth]]
| length3 = 3:46
 
| title4 = Petty Core
The rumors of the end of the show strongly divided its passionate fans. [[Flaming#Flame wars|Flame wars]] raged across the Internet[http://www.well.com/~srhodes/tvstory.html], especially after Steve Joyner of Operation Life Support (the group that worked so hard to save the show), as well as some cast members, confirmed the rumors &mdash; angrily themselves, in some cases. Joyner's letter was entitled "Claire Danes Brings Death to 'Life'."[http://www.mscl.com/personal/lask0008/cancel.txt] Fans were sharply divided between those who believed or disbelieved the reports, and those who thought it was forgiveable in any event for a teenage actress to find a way out of a long contract, with others believing it was not acceptable, especially given the secretive nature and Danes' feigned support for the movement to save the show, feeling betrayed due to having spent significant time and money to save the show when its star was secretly working against them.
| writer4 =
| lyrics4 =
| music4 =
| extra4 = [[Further (band)|Further]]
| length4 = 3:46
 
| title5 = Drop a Bomb
In a September 2004 edition of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', Danes admitted her role in the show's demise, while insisting that she didn't have enough power to cause the cancellation by herself. [http://www.ew.com/ew/report/0,6115,692296-4-5_3||233618|1_,00.html] It is generally accepted that ABC seriously considered bringing it back for a second season and may have even intended to &mdash; as then-executive [[Ted Harbert]] claims &mdash; because of its devoted fanbase, its quality, and its critical acclaim. However, the low ratings combined with Danes' reluctance to return ended the series. ABC had no interest in getting into a public quarrel with a 15-year-old actress. Winnie Holzman theorized that the network was so on the fence about renewing the show that in some ways they used Danes' unwillingness to return as a convenient excuse not to renew the show.
| writer5 =
| lyrics5 =
| music5 =
| extra5 = [[Madder Rose]]
| length5 = 2:11
 
| title6 = Fountain and Fairfax
== Novelization ==
| writer6 =
| lyrics6 =
| music6 =
| extra6 = [[Afghan Whigs]]
| length6 = 4:21
 
| title7 = South Carolina
Catherine Clark, author of a novelization of the series, wrote a book entitled ''My So-Called Life Goes On'' taking place after the events of the series. This cannot be considered [[canon (fiction)|canon]], though, as [[Winnie Holzman]] in interviews has refused to speculate on what would have occurred in the second season, stating that, while various plot situations had been set up, she never wrote that season and therefore has no way of knowing where it would have gone.
| writer7 =
| lyrics7 =
| music7 =
| extra7 = [[Archers of Loaf]]
| length7 = 3:30
 
| title8 = Dawn Can't Decide
*Catherine Clark: ''My So-Called Life''. Random House Books. 1995. ISBN 0-679-87789-4
| writer8 =
*Catherine Clark: ''My So-Called Life Goes On''. Random House Books. 1999. ISBN 0-375-80111-1
| lyrics8 =
| music8 =
| extra8 = [[The Lemonheads]]
| length8 = 2:19
 
| title9 = The Book Song
== Location ==
| writer9 =
The school scenes were shot on ___location at [[University High School (Los Angeles)|University High School]] in Los Angeles, CA.
| lyrics9 =
| music9 =
| extra9 = [[Frente!]]
| length9 = 2:40
 
| title10 = Come See Me Tonight
== Music ==
| writer10 =
"My So-Called Life" is also the name of a song on [[The Ataris]]' album ''[[Look Forward to Failure]]''. The song refers by name to the TV show's lead actress, Claire Danes.
| lyrics10 =
| music10 =
| extra10 = [[Daniel Johnston]]
| length10 = 1:59
 
| title11 = ''My So-Called Life'' Theme
==External links==
| writer11 = [[W. G. Snuffy Walden]]
{{wikiquote}}
| lyrics11 = W. G. Snuffy Walden
* {{ imdb title | id=0108872 | title=My So-Called Life }}
| music11 = W. G. Snuffy Walden
*[http://www.mscl.com MSCL.com fan community]
| extra11 = [[W. G. Snuffy Walden]]
*[http://www.epguides.com/mysocalledlife/ ''My So-Called Life'' at epguides.com]
| length11 = 1:12
*[http://www.faqs.org/faqs/tv/my-s-c-life-faq/ FAQ for ''My So-Called Life'']
}}
*[http://news.mscl.com MSCL.com's news channel]
*[http://www.clairedanes.com/ ClaireDanes.com]
*[http://www.ew.com/ew/report/0,6115,692296_3_0_,00.html Entertianment Weekly: Life As We Knew It]
*[http://www.ew.com/ew/report/0,6115,692296-4-5_3||233618|1_,00.html Entertainment Weekly's interview about the cancellation and other things]
*[http://www.mscl.com/personal/lask0008/cancel.txt Steve Joyner's angry email about the cancellation]
*[http://www.well.com/~srhodes/tvstory.html ''San Francisco Bay Guardian'' story on the flame war and cancellation]
*[http://www.atlantaboy.com/gay_atlanta/2006/12/wilson_cruz_exc.html Wilson Cruz Interview]
 
==Sequel novel==
[[Category:1994 television program debuts]]
A sequel novel by Catherine Clark, ''My So-Called Life Goes On'', was published in 1999 by [[Random House]].<ref>{{cite book|title=My So Called Life Goes on|first=Catherine|last=Clark|date=July 27, 1999|id={{ASIN|0375801111|country=uk}}}}</ref>
[[Category:1995 television program cancellations]]
 
[[Category:1990s American television series]]
==References==
[[Category:ABC network shows]]
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Drama television series]]
 
[[Category:Teen dramas]]
==External links==
[[Category:LGBT-related television programs]]
{{Wikiquote}}
[[Category:Television shows set in Pennsylvania]]
* {{IMDb title}}
[[Category:Pittsburgh in film and television]]
* {{Epguides|id=mysocalledlife}}
[[Category:Short-lived television shows]]
{{Winnie Holzman}}
{{GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding Drama Series}}
{{TCA Award for Outstanding Achievement in Drama}}
 
[[Category:1990s American high school television series]]
[[de:Willkommen im Leben]]
[[Category:1990s American LGBTQ-related drama television series]]
[[fr:Angela, 15 ans]]
[[Category:1990s American teen drama television series]]
[[pt:My So-Called Life]]
[[Category:1994 American television series debuts]]
[[sv:Mitt så kallade liv]]
[[Category:1995 American television series endings]]
[[Category:American English-language television shows]]
[[Category:American television series about teenagers]]
[[Category:Coming-of-age television shows]]
[[Category:GLAAD Media Award–winning shows]]
[[Category:Television series by Disney–ABC Domestic Television]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Pittsburgh]]
[[Category:American Broadcasting Company television dramas]]