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[[Subitizing]] refers to the rapid and accurate enumeration of small numbers of items. Numerous studies (dating back to [[William Stanley Jevons|Jevons]] in 1871)<ref>Jevons, W. (1871). The power of numerical discrimination. Nature, 3, 281–282.</ref> have demonstrated that subjects can very quickly and accurately report the quantity of objects randomly presented on a display, when they number fewer than around five. While larger quantities require subjects to count or estimate — at great expense of time and accuracy — it seems that a different enumeration method is employed in these low-quantity cases. In 1949, Kaufman, Lord, Reese and Volkmann coined the term 'subitizing' to describe the phenomenon.<ref>Kaufman, E.L., Lord, M.W., Reese, T.W., & Volkmann, J. (1949). The discrimination of visual number. American Journal of Psychology, 62 (4), 498–525.</ref>
In 2023 a study of [[Single-neuron recordings|single neuron recordings]] in the [[medial temporal lobe]] of neurosurgical patients judging numbers reported evidence of two separate neural mechanisms with a boundary in [[Neural coding|neuronal coding]] around number 4 that correlates with the behavioural transition from subitizing to estimation, supporting the old observation of Jevons.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kutter |first=Esther F. |last2=Dehnen |first2=Gert |last3=Borger |first3=Valeri |last4=Surges |first4=Rainer |last5=Mormann |first5=Florian |last6=Nieder |first6=Andreas |date=2023-10-02 |title=Distinct neuronal representation of small and large numbers in the human medial temporal lobe |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-023-01709-3 |journal=Nature Human Behaviour |language=en |volume=7 |issue=11 |pages=1998–2007 |doi=10.1038/s41562-023-01709-3 |issn=2397-3374|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Saplakoglu |first=Yasemin |date=9 November 2023 |title=Why the Human Brain Perceives Small Numbers Better |url=https://www.quantamagazine.org/why-the-human-brain-perceives-small-numbers-better-20231109/ |website=[[Quanta Magazine]]}}</ref>
'''Experimental setup'''
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