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{{Short description|American businessman (1909–2007)}}
{{Use American English|date = April 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date = April 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ernest Gallo
| image = Ernest_Gallo.png
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1909|03|18}}
| birth_place = [[Jackson, California]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|2007|03|6|1909|03|18}}
| death_place = [[Modesto, California]], U.S.
| occupation = vintner, philanthropist
| known for = E & J Gallo Winery
| spouse = Amelia Franzia Gallo
| relatives = [[Julio Gallo]] (1910–1993) (brother),<br>[[Joseph Edward Gallo]] (1919–2007) (brother)
| children = David Gallo (d. 1997),<br> [[Joseph Ernest Gallo]]
}}
'''Ernest J. Gallo''' (March 18, 1909{{snd}}March 6, 2007) was an American [[businessman]] and [[Philanthropy|philanthropist]]. Gallo co-founded the [[E & J Gallo Winery]] in [[Modesto, California]].
== Early life ==
Gallo was born on March 18, 1909, in [[Jackson, California]].<ref name="hbs">[http://www.hbs.edu/leadership/database/leaders/ernest_gallo.html Harvard Business School]</ref><ref name="nytimes">{{cite news |author=Frank Prial |author-link=Frank Prial |title=Ernest Gallo, 97, Founder of Winery, Dies |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/07/business/07gallo.html?hp|work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 7, 2007 |access-date=2010-07-28 }}</ref><ref name="usatoday">{{cite news| url=https://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/food/2007-03-06-ernest-gallo-obituary_N.htm | work=USA Today | title=Billionaire winemaker Ernest Gallo dies | date=March 7, 2007}}</ref><ref name="pbs">[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/president/players/gallo.html ''Ernest Gallo''] last retrieved March 6, 2007</ref>
Gallo's grandparents immigrated from [[Italy]] to the United States.<ref name="nytimes"/> Gallo's father was Giuseppe Gallo, a.k.a. Joseph Edward Gallo Sr, and his mother, Assunta Bianco Gallo, a.k.a. Susie Bianco Gallo.<ref name="nytimes"/><ref name="usatoday"/> Together with his uncle Michael, his father ran the Gallo Wine Company, a wine distribution company.<ref name="nytimes"/> His mother's family, the Biancos, were winemakers.<ref name="nytimes"/> Gallo's father operated a boarding house for the miners in Jackson, California and a saloon in [[Oakland, California]].<ref name="modbee_gallo">{{cite news |last1=Sbranti |first1=J.N. |title=Ernest Gallo: In his own words |url=https://www.modbee.com/latest-news/article3097030.html |access-date=4 November 2022 |work=[[The Modesto Bee]] |date=November 20, 2007}}</ref>
In 1910, at one year old, Gallo lived with his maternal grandparents, Batista Biancos, in [[Hanford, California]]. At about age 6, Gallo returned to live with his parents.<ref name="modbee_gallo"/>
After the 1918 prohibition, Gallo's father had to close the saloon business. Gallo's father bought a 120-acre ranch in [[Antioch, California]] and became a farmer growing 30 acres of grapes. Gallo worked in cultivating in the farm. By age 12, Gallo's father sold the ranch in Antioch and moved to a small vineyard in [[Escalon, California]].<ref name="modbee_gallo"/>
In the 1920s, his parents purchased a 40-acre farm near [[Modesto, California]]. Gallo's family also bought a 20-acre farm near [[Keyes, California|Keyes]]. Gallo's father sold their grapes in Chicago.<ref name="nytimes"/><ref name="modbee_gallo"/>
Gallo had two brothers, [[Julio Gallo]] (1910–1993), and [[Joseph Edward Gallo]], Jr. (1919–2007).<ref name="nytimes"/>
On June 21, 1933, Gallo's father shot his mother and killed himself.<ref name="nytimes"/>
Gallo graduated from [[Modesto High School]] in [[Modesto, California]].<ref name="forbes">[https://web.archive.org/web/20060415145920/http://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/10/5IAL.html ''#645 Ernest Gallo'']</ref>
== Education ==
Gallo attended [[Modesto Junior College]], but he did not graduate.<ref name="modbee_gallo"/>
==Career==
In 1926 at 17, Gallo worked for his father. Gallo harvested grapes and shipped them via railway to Chicago. By 18, Gallo was selling grapes in Chicago. During Gallo's travel from Chicago back to California, he met Giuseppe Franzia.<ref name="modbee_gallo"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gapersblock.com/drivethru/2007/03/07/ernest_gallo_1909_2007/ |title=Ernest Gallo (1909-2007) |publisher=gapersblock.com |first=Christine |last=Blumer |date=March 7, 2007 |access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref>
In 1933, shortly after the [[Prohibition in the United States|end of prohibition]] and the death of his parents, Gallo co-founded the E.&J. Gallo Winery, using $5,900 in borrowed cash from his mother-in-law ({{Inflation|index=US|value=5900|start_year=1933|fmt=eq}}).<ref name="hbs"/><ref name="nytimes"/><ref name="usatoday"/><ref name="pbs"/> He became head of sales, marketing and distribution.<ref name="usatoday"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gallofamily.com/about.php |title=Every Family Has A Story to Tell. This is Ours. |publisher=gallofamily.com |access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref>
== Philanthropy ==
In 1955, Gallo created The Ernest Gallo Foundation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://fconline.foundationcenter.org/fdo-grantmaker-profile/?key=GALL001 |title=The Ernest Gallo Foundation |publisher=foundationcenter.org |access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref>
In 2008, Gallo donated $800k(USD) to the [[University of Notre Dame]], $600,000 (USD) to [[Stanford University]], and $3.835 million (USD) to [[Lucile Packard Foundation for Children's Health]]. In 1980, Gallo also donated millions and created Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center <ref name="galloresearch.org">{{cite web |title=Men's Health Demystified |url=https://www.galloresearch.org/ |website=Gallo Research |access-date=4 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017053457/https://www.galloresearch.org/ |archive-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> in [[Emeryville, California]],<ref name="egcrc.org">{{cite web |title=Alcohol Research Program |url=http://www.egcrc.org/ |website=Ernest Gallo Clinic & Research Center |access-date=4 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000511012741/http://www.egcrc.org/ |archive-date=11 May 2000}}</ref> at [[University of California, San Francisco]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.modbee.com/latest-news/article3124572.html |title=3 powerhouse nonprofits help San Joaquin Valley arts, program endure |publisher=modbee.com |first=Kevin |last=Valine |date=February 14, 2010 |access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2007/03/7267/ucsf-acknowledges-generosity-late-ernest-gallo |title=UCSF Acknowledges Generosity of Late Ernest Gallo |publisher=ucsf.edu |date=March 7, 2007 |access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref>
== Awards ==
*1989 Golden Plate Award of the [[Academy of Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]]<ref>{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url=https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#business}}</ref>
* 2003 Lifetime Achievement Award (given by [[Wine Enthusiast Magazine|
Wine Enthusiast]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.winemag.com/2007/03/07/ernest-and-julio-gallo/ |title=Ernest and Julio Gallo |publisher=winemag.com |first=Steve |last=Heimoff |date=March 7, 2007 |access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref>
==Personal life==
In 1931, Gallo married Amelia Franzia (died 1993).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-12-25-mn-5307-story.html|title=Amelia Franzia Gallo - Matriarch of World's Largest Winery|date=December 25, 1993|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=16 September 2022}}</ref> They had two sons: David Gallo (died 1997), and [[Joseph Ernest Gallo]], the CEO of the E&J Gallo Winery.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1993-12-26-9312260129-story.html |title=Amelia Franzia Gallo |publisher=orlandosentinel.com |date=December 26, 1993 |access-date=May 5, 2019}}</ref>
Gallo was ranked 297th on the 2006 [[Forbes 400]] list of billionaires, with an estimated wealth of US$1.2 billion.<ref name="nytimes"/><ref name="usatoday"/><ref name="forbes"/>
On March 6, 2007, Gallo died in [[Modesto, California]], twelve days shy of his 98th birthday. Gallo is buried at St. Stanislaus Catholic Cemetery.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.decanter.com/wine-news/ernest-gallo-obituary-90675/ |title=Ernest Gallo obituary |publisher=decanter.com |date=March 8, 2007 |access-date=May 7, 2019}}</ref>
==Further reading==
*{{cite book |last1=Hawkes |first1=Ellen |title=Blood and Wine: The Unauthorized Story of the Gallo Wine Empire |date=1993 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-0-671-64986-9 |language=en}}
*{{cite book |last1=Gallo |first1=Ernest |last2=Gallo |first2=Julio |last3=Henderson |first3=Bruce B. |title=Ernest and Julio: Our Story |date=1994 |publisher=Times Books, Random House |isbn=978-0-8129-2454-1 |language=en}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*[http://www.gallo.com/ ''E. & J. Gallo Winery'']
*[http://www.gallosonoma.com/ Gallo Family Vineyards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090130052057/http://www.gallosonoma.com/ |date=January 30, 2009 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170216135812/https://www.ucsf.edu/organizations/ernest-gallo-clinic-and-research-center ''Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center'']
* [https://www.modbee.com/latest-news/article3097030.html Ernest Gallo: In his own words] [[The Modesto Bee]]
**Excerpt of: [https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/roho/ucb/text/gallo_ernest.pdf Ernest_Gallo] ''California Wine Industry Oral History Series'', [[University of California]]<!-- https://researchworks.oclc.org/archivegrid/archiveComponent/215460826 -->
* [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/president/players/gallo.html Ernest Gallo], [[Frontline (American TV program)|Frontline]], [[PBS]]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gallo, Ernest}}
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:2007 deaths]]
[[Category:American people of Italian descent]]
[[Category:People from Modesto, California]]
[[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:American wine merchants]]
[[Category:American billionaires]]
[[Category:People from Jackson, California]]
[[Category:Modesto Junior College alumni]]
[[Category:James Beard Foundation Award winners]]
[[Category:Gallo family]]
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