Chromis viridis: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Species of fish}}

{{Taxobox

{{Speciesbox

| color = pink

| image = Blue-green Chromis, Kiribati imported from iNaturalist photo 345755248.jpg

| name = Blue green chromis

| image_caption = In [[Kiribati]]

| image =

| image_captionstatus = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| regnum = [[Animalia]]

| status_ref = <ref name="iucn">{{cite iucn |author=Allen, G.R. |author2=Mutia, M.T.M. |author3=Muyot, F.B. |author4=Nañola, C.L. |author5=Santos, M. |year=2022 |title=''Chromis viridis'' |volume=2022 |page=e.T188582A1897274 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T188582A1897274.en |access-date=1 April 2025}}</ref>

| phylum = [[Chordata]]

| binomialtaxon = ''Chromis viridis''

| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]

| authority = [[Georges Cuvier|Cuvier]], 1830

| ordo = [[Perciformes]]

| familia = [[Pomacentridae]]

| genus = ''[[Chromis]]''

| species = '''''C. viridis'''''

| binomial = ''Chromis viridis''

| binomial_authority = [[Cuvier]], [[1830]]

}}

The '''Green ''Chromis viridis''' or the '''Blue Green Chromis(''',green chromis''Chromis viridis'',) is a [[species]] of [[damselfish]]. Individuals tend to be [[Iridescence|iridescent]] apple-green and light blue, and reach a maximal length of about 3 in (8 10&nbsp;cm).<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase|genus=Chormis|species=viridis|month=November|year=2014}}</ref>

It is sometimes called the '''"blue-green chromis"''', but that may also refer to ''[[Chromis caerulea]]'', the blue puller, a close relative that is sometimes considered [[conspecific]].

==Habitat==

The species is found in the [[Indo-Pacific]]. They live in large aggregations above ''[[Acropora]]'' [[coral]]s in sheltered areas such as [[lagoon]]s and [[reef]] flats and feed on [[phytoplankton]]. Juveniles live closely tied to individual coral heads.

==Distribution and habitat==

[[File:Blue-green Chromis, Gili Trawangan imported from iNaturalist photo 1839267.jpg|left|thumb|''C. viridis'' over ''[[Acropora]]'' coral, in Indonesia]]

The species is found in the [[Indo-Pacific]], including the [[Red Sea]].<ref name=fishbase/> It is found in tropical and subtropical waters. In the [[Indian Ocean]], they are found in the [[Red Sea]], the [[Gulf of Aden]], eastern [[Africa]], [[Madagascar]], [[Seychelles]], the [[Persian Gulf]], the [[Arabian Sea]], the [[Maldives]], [[Sri Lanka]], the [[Andaman Sea]], [[Australia]], and [[Indonesia]].<ref name=fishbase/> In the [[Pacific Ocean]], they are found in the [[Gulf of Thailand]], [[Indonesia]], the [[Philippines]], [[China]], [[Taiwan]], [[Japan]], the [[Great Barrier Reef]], [[New Zealand]], [[New Caledonia]], [[Polynesia]], [[Melanesia]], and [[Hawaii]] in the [[Indo-Pacific]] part of the [[Pacific Ocean]].<ref name=fishbase/> In the eastern [[Pacific Ocean]], they are found from the [[Gulf of California]] south to [[Peru]] and the [[Galapagos Islands]].<ref name=fishbase/> There are some reports of this species in the [[Mediterranean Sea]].<ref name=fishbase/> They live in [[coral reefs]] and [[lagoons]]. Individuals of this species are encountered in depths of {{convert|1 to 12|m|ft}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Description==

[[File:Chromis viridis mâle nuptial.JPG|thumb|Male in breeding colours. At [[Réunion|Réunion island]].]]

[[File:Lodestone Reef Valentines Day 2016, Green Chromis on Coral.jpg|thumb|''C. viridis'' on coral, Lodestone Reef, Australia]]

Adults of this species can grow up to {{convert|10|cm|in}} at maximum length.<ref name=fishbase/> They have 12 dorsal rays, 9 to 11 soft dorsal rays, 2 anal spines, and 9 to 11 anal soft rays on their fins.<ref name=fishbase/> It is a blue green fish. When they are breeding, males turn more yellowish.<ref name=freefishfacts>[http://freefishfacts.com/blue-green-chromis/ "Free Fish Facts, Blue Green Chromis"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220050040/http://freefishfacts.com/blue-green-chromis/ |date=2014-12-20 }} ''Free Fish Facts'' Retrieved on December 19, 2014</ref>

==Ecology==

===Diet===

[[Phytoplankton]], [[zooplankton]], and [[algae]], [[copepods]], and [[amphipods]] make up the diet of this fish in the wild.<ref name=freefishfacts/><ref name=springer>[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00000566 "Zooplankton capture by a coral reef fish: an adaptive response to evasive prey"] Retrieved on December 19, 2014</ref> This fish also feeds on eggs that fail to hatch.<ref name=freefishfacts/> It feeds by ram jawing.<ref name=springer/>

===Behavior===

''Chromis viridis'' schools in aggregations around ''[[Acropora]]'' [[coral]] heads.<ref name=fishbase/><ref name=freefishfacts/>

==Reproduction==

''C.Chromis viridis'' spawn over sand and rubble. The male prepares the nest which is shared with several females. The nest is located on sand or rubble.<ref name="fishbase" /><ref name="freefishfacts" /> During spawning, the male turns more yellowish in color.<ref name=freefishfacts/> The large number of [[Egg (biology)|egg]]s will hatch in 2-32–3 days.<ref name="freefishfacts" /> The male guards the nest, ventilatingand ventilates it with its fins and feeding on those eggs that do not hatch.<ref name=fishbase/><ref name=freefishfacts/> Males feed on unhatched eggs to prevent them from being breeding grounds for microorganisms that can threaten the rest of the clutch.<ref name=freefishfacts/>

==In the aquarium==

In a [[marine aquarium]], schools are kept in small groups of odd numbers.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}} The green chromis is relatively inexpensive. A small school will be more comfortable in a minimum size of a {{convert|110|L|gal}} tank but a single specimen can be kept in a {{convert|38|L|gal}}. Some aquarists have successfully bred the blue green chromis in the home aquarium.<ref name="idEOFEeEvbV7A">Youtube <<Advance Marine Aquarium>> Creatures section, Damselfish - Author:Sublanding Fish[2020-06-19]</ref>

===Tankmates===

The green chromis is not housed with larger predatory fish, as they may become food themselves. Groupers, lionfish, and eels all present an element of danger for this species.

==References==

{{commons category|Chromis viridis}}

{{Wikispecies}}

{{Reflist}}

==InExternal aquarialinks==

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140806182657/http://reefcorner.com/reef-database-index/fish-index/green-chromis-chromis-viridis/ ReefCorner - Green Chromis Database Entry]

In a [[marine aquarium]], schools should be kept in small groups of odd numbers. The Green Chromis is often considered an ideal starter fish for the saltwater aquarium novice and is a peaceful and hardy species.

*http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=212811

* {{sealifephotos|212811}}

{{Portal|Fish|marine biology|marine life}}

==Sources==

{{Taxonbar|from=Q98099531}}

* {{Fishbase species | genus = Chromis | species = atripectoralis | year = 2007 | month = Mar}}

* [http://www.reefcorner.com/SpecimenSheets/green_chromis.htm http://www.reefcorner.com/SpecimenSheets/green_chromis.htm]

[[Category:Chromis|viridis]]

{{fish-stub}}

[[Category:Fish of Palau]]

[[Category:Fish described in 1830]]

[[Category:Taxa named by Georges Cuvier]]