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Year '''395 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Tribunate of Cossus, Medullinus, Scipio, Fidenas, Ambustus and Lactucinus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 359 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 395 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

==Events==

===By place===

====Persian Empire====

* The [[Persian Empire|Persian]] [[satrap]] [[Tissaphernes]]' enemy [[Parysatis]], mother of [[Cyrus the Younger|Cyrus]], succeeds in persuading Persian King [[Artaxerxes II]] to have him executed at [[Colossae]], [[Phrygia]] (now [[Turkey]]). Parysatis cannot forgive Tissaphernes for the rough treatment he has handed out to her favourite son, the late Cyrus.

* After spending the winter in organizing a cavalry force, [[Agesilaus II]], the King of [[Sparta]], makes a successful incursion into [[Lydia]] in the spring.

* [[Tithraustes]] replaces Tissaphernes. An armistice is concluded between Tithraustes and Agesilaus. Tithraustes bribes the Spartans to move north into the satrapy of [[Pharnabazus]].

* Unable to defeat Agesilaus's army, Pharnabazus decides to force Agesilaus to withdraw by stirring up trouble on the Greek mainland. He dispatches [[Timocrates of Rhodes]] to visit [[Athens]], [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]], [[Corinth]], and [[Argos]] to incite and bribe them to act against Sparta. Timocrates succeeds in persuading powerful factions in each of those states to pursue an anti-Spartan policy.

====Greece== Events ==

<onlyinclude>

* The "[[Corinthian War]]" begins, with [[Athens]], [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]], [[Corinth]] and [[Argos]] (with the backing of [[Persian Empire|Persia]]) against [[Sparta]]. The Spartans prepare to send out an army against this new alliance, and order Agesilaus to return to Greece. Agesilaus sets out for Sparta with his troops, crossing the [[Hellespont]] and marching west through [[Thrace]].

=== By place ===

==== Persian Empire ====

* The [[PersianAchaemenid Empire|Persian]] [[satrap]] [[Tissaphernes]]' enemy [[Parysatis]], mother of [[Cyrus the Younger|Cyrus]], succeeds in persuading Persian King [[Artaxerxes II]] to have him executed at [[Colossae]], [[Phrygia]] (now [[Turkey]]). Parysatis cannot forgive Tissaphernes for the rough treatment he has handed out to her favourite son, the late Cyrus.

* After spending the winter in organizing a [[cavalry]] force, [[Agesilaus II]], the King of [[Sparta]], makes a successful incursion into [[Lydia]] in the spring.

* [[Tithraustes]] replaces Tissaphernes. An [[armistice]] is concluded between Tithraustes and Agesilaus. Tithraustes bribes the Spartans to move north into the satrapy of [[Pharnabazus (5th century BC)|Pharnabazus]].

* Unable to defeat Agesilaus's army, Pharnabazus decides to force Agesilaus to withdraw by stirring up trouble on the Greek mainland. He dispatches [[Timocrates of Rhodes]] to visit [[Athens]], [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]], [[Corinth]], and [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]] to incite and bribe them to act against Sparta. Timocrates succeeds in persuading powerful factions in each of those states to pursue an anti-Spartan policy.

==== Greece ====

* The "[[Corinthian War]]" begins, with [[Athens]], [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]], [[Corinth]] and [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]] (with the backing of [[PersianAchaemenid Empire|Persia]]) against [[Sparta]]. The Spartans prepare to send out an army against this new alliance, and order Agesilaus to return to Greece. Agesilaus sets out for Sparta with his troops, crossing the [[Hellespont]] and marching west through [[Thrace]].

* The Spartans arrange for two armies, one under the Spartan general [[Lysander]] and the other under the Spartan King [[Pausanias of Sparta|Pausanias]], to rendezvous at and attack the [[Boeotia]]n city of Haliartus. Lysander, arriving before Pausanias, persuades the city of Orchomenus to revolt from the Boeotian confederacy, and then advances to Haliartus with his troops. There, he is killed after bringing his forces too near the walls of the city.

* The [[Battle of Haliartus]] between the Spartans and the Thebans ends inconclusively. Pausanias, arriving a day later, takes back the bodies of the Spartan dead under a truce, and returns to Sparta. There, he is put on trial for his life and flees to [[Tegea]] before he can be convicted. Pausanias is replaced as king of Sparta by his son [[Agesipolis I]].

</onlyinclude>

== Births ==

*

== Deaths ==

* [[Lysander]], [[Sparta]]n general and admiral.

* [[Tissaphernes]], [[PersianAchaemenid Empire|Persian]] [[satrap]].

* [[Shishunaga]], founder of the [[Shishunaga dynasty]] of South Asia

==References==

* Wikipedia articles that link to this article.

== References ==

[[Category:395 BC]]

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[[th:พ.ศ. 149]]

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