Range (computer programming): Difference between revisions

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# An alternative to [[iterator]].

== Range of a variable ==

The range of a variable is given as the set of possible values that that variable can hold. In the case of an integer, the variable definition is restricted to whole numbers only, and the range will cover every number within its range (including the maximum and minimum). For example, the range of a [[signedness|signed]] [[16-bit]] [[Integer (computer science)|integer]] variable is all the integers from −32,768 to +32,767.

== Range of an array ==

{{Main|Array data type#Indexing notation}}

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== Range as a data type ==

[[File:Range UML class.svg|thumb|A generic class representing a range, it contains a start property and a end property]]

A data type for ranges can be implemented using [[Generic programming|generics]].

Example in [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]].

<syntaxhighlight lang="csharp">

public record Range<T>(T Start, T End) where T : IComparable;

</syntaxhighlight>

Example in [[Kotlin (programming language)|Kotlin]].

<syntaxhighlight lang="kotlin">

data class Range<T: Comparable<T>>(val start: T, val end: T)

</syntaxhighlight>

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</syntaxhighlight>

Example in [[Python (programming language)|Python]].

Rust have a built-in range struct in the standard library in {{Mono|std::ops::Range}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Range in std::ops - Rust |url=https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/struct.Range.html |website=doc.rust-lang.org |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref>

<syntaxhighlight lang="python">

from dataclasses import dataclass

@dataclass

class Range[T]:

start: T

end: T

</syntaxhighlight>

[[Rust have(programming language)|Rust]] has a built-in range struct in the standard library in {{Mono|std::ops::Range}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Range in std::ops - Rust |url=https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/struct.Range.html |website=doc.rust-lang.org |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref>

== Range as a operator ==

[[Rust (programming language)|Rust]] has the {{Mono|..}} and {{Mono|..{{=}}}} operators.

<syntaxhighlight lang="rust">

let heartwarming = "heartwarming!".to_string();

let warm = &heartwarming[5..9];

</syntaxhighlight>

[[Zig (programming language)|Zig]] also has the {{Mono|..}} operator.

<syntaxhighlight lang="zig">

// To iterate over consecutive integers, use the range syntax.

var sum: usize = 0;

for (0..5) |i| {

sum += i;

}

</syntaxhighlight>

As does [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]],<ref>{{cite web|last1=BillWagner|access-date=2025-02-22|title=Explore ranges of data using indices and ranges - C#|url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/tutorials/ranges-indexes|date=14 November 2023|website=learn.microsoft.com}}</ref>

<syntaxhighlight lang="csharp">

string items[] = ["one","two","three","four"];

string first_three_items[] = items[0..2];

</syntaxhighlight>

[[F Sharp (programming_language)|F#]],<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2025-02-22|title=Range Operator|url=https://camilotk.github.io/fsharp-by-example/chapters/range-operator/|date=17 February 2023|website=F# by example}}</ref>

<syntaxhighlight lang="fsharp">

[1..4]

// Outputs: [1; 2; 3; 4]

</syntaxhighlight>

[[Kotlin (programming language)|Kotlin]],<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2025-02-22|title=Ranges and progressions - Kotlin|url=https://kotlinlang.org/docs/ranges.html#progression|website=Kotlin Help}}</ref>

<syntaxhighlight lang="kotlin">

for (i in 1..5) print(i)

</syntaxhighlight>

and [[Perl]].<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2025-02-22|title=perlop - Perl expressions: operators, precedence, string literals - Perldoc Browser|url=https://perldoc.perl.org/perlop#Range-Operators|website=perldoc.perl.org}}</ref>

<syntaxhighlight lang="perl">

for( 1..5) { print }

</syntaxhighlight>

[[Python (programming language)|Python]] and [[PHP (programming language)|PHP]] does not have any range operator but they do have a {{Code|range}} function.<ref>{{cite web |title=Built-in Functions |url=https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#func-range |website=Python documentation |publisher=Python Software Foundation |access-date=17 December 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=PHP: range - Manual |url=https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.range.php |publisher=The PHP Documentation Group |access-date=17 December 2024}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Interval (mathematics)|Interval]]

== References ==

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[[Category:Articles with example C Sharp code]]

[[Category:Articles with example PHP code]]

[[Category:Articles with example Python (programming language) code]]

[[Category:Articles with example Rust code]]

[[Category:Arrays]]

[[Category:Programming constructs]]