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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Use Australian English|date=April 2013}}
{{Infobox Australian
| type = town | name
| state = nsw
| image
| caption = Holbrook town entry sign
| coordinates = {{Coord|-35.718204|147.317686|display=inline|format=dms}}
| lga = Greater Hume Shire Council
|
|
| pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}}
| pop_footnotes = <ref name=Census2011>{{Census 2011 AUS|id=UCL115083|name=Holbrook (Urban Centre/Locality)|access-date=5 November 2012|quick=on}}</ref>
|
| elevation = 289
| local_map = yes
| dist1 = 64
| dir1 = NE
| location1 = [[Albury]]
| dist2 = 96
| dir2 = E
| location2 = [[Wagga Wagga]]
| dist3 = 70
| dir3 = SW
| location3 = [[Tarcutta]]
| dist4 = 492
| dir4 = SW
| location4 = [[Sydney]]
| dist5 = 384
| dir5 = NE
| location5 = [[Melbourne]]
| county = [[Goulburn County, New South Wales|Goulburn]]
| stategov = [[Electoral district of Albury|Albury]]
| fedgov = [[Division of Farrer|Farrer]]
| near-ne = [[Tarcutta]]
| near-w = [[Culcairn]]
| near-e = [[Tumbarumba]]
| near-sw = [[Albury]]
}}
'''Holbrook''' is a small town in Southern [[New South Wales]], Australia. It is on the [[Hume Highway]], {{convert|384|km}} by road North East of [[Melbourne]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.whereis.com/directions?na=Holbrook%2C%20NSW%202644&str=&su=Holbrook&lat=-35.7267292&lon=147.3117389&ena=Melbourne%2C%20VIC%203000&estr=&esu=Melbourne&elat=-37.813985&elon=144.963114&rt=fastest_tolls |title=Whereis NE search |access-date=26 July 2016 |archive-date=16 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816205526/http://www.whereis.com/directions?na=Holbrook%2C%20NSW%202644&str=&su=Holbrook&lat=-35.7267292&lon=147.3117389&ena=Melbourne%2C%20VIC%203000&estr=&esu=Melbourne&elat=-37.813985&elon=144.963114&rt=fastest_tolls |url-status=live }}</ref> and {{convert|492|km}} by road south-west of [[Sydney]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.whereis.com/directions?na=Holbrook%2C%20NSW%202644&str=Old%20Hume%20Hwy&su=Holbrook&lat=-35.726729&lon=147.311739&ena=Sydney%2C%20NSW%202000&estr=&esu=Sydney&elat=-33.87276349&elon=151.2053446&rt=fastest_tolls |title=Whereis SW Search |access-date=26 July 2016 |archive-date=16 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816213951/http://www.whereis.com/directions?na=Holbrook%2C%20NSW%202644&str=Old%20Hume%20Hwy&su=Holbrook&lat=-35.726729&lon=147.311739&ena=Sydney%2C%20NSW%202000&estr=&esu=Sydney&elat=-33.87276349&elon=151.2053446&rt=fastest_tolls |url-status=live }}</ref> between [[Tarcutta, New South Wales|Tarcutta]] and [[Albury]]. The town is in the [[Greater Hume Shire]] which was established in May 2004 from the merger of [[Culcairn, New South Wales|Culcairn Shire]] with the majority of Holbrook Shire and part of the Hume Shire. At the [[2016 Australian census|2016 census]], Holbrook had a population of 1,715 people.<ref name=Census2011 /> The district around Holbrook is renowned for local produce including merino wool, wheat and other grains, lucerne, fat cattle and lamb.
==History==
Holbrook is on the traditional lands of the [[Wiradjuri]] people.<ref>{{cite web |title=Map of Indigenous Australia |url=https://aiatsis.gov.au/explore/map-indigenous-australia |website=The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia (The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies) |access-date=1 April 2024 |date=1996 |archive-date=4 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004060643/https://aiatsis.gov.au/explore/map-indigenous-australia |url-status=live }}</ref>
The explorers [[Hume and Hovell expedition|Hume and Hovell]] were the first
The town was originally called Ten Mile Creek and the first buildings were erected in
Ten Mile Creek Post Office opened on 1 January 1857, and was renamed Germanton in 1875.
On 17 August 1878, Germanton hosted the earliest known game of Soccer (Association Football) in New South Wales between Germanton and Yarra Yarra football teams.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.shootfarken.com.au/first-game-association-football-soccer-nsw-australia-1878/|title=REVEALED: The earliest confirmed game of Association Football in NSW was played 1878, not 1880. | Shoot Farken|access-date=17 July 2021|archive-date=17 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717043752/https://www.shootfarken.com.au/first-game-association-football-soccer-nsw-australia-1878/|url-status=live}}</ref>
During [[World War I]], the town name was deemed unpatriotic so on 24 August 1915 the town was [[Australian place names changed from German names|renamed]] Holbrook in honour of Lt. [[Norman Douglas Holbrook]], a decorated wartime submarine captain and winner of the [[Victoria Cross]]. Lt. Holbrook commanded the submarine {{HMS|B11}}.<ref>{{cite web
|publisher = Walkabout, [[John Fairfax]] |title = Holbrook |url = http://www.walkabout.com.au/locations/NSWHolbrook.shtml
|access-date = 25 January 2007 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070311231801/http://www.walkabout.com.au/locations/NSWHolbrook.shtml
|archive-date = 11 March 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Geoffrey | last=Webby | publisher=IFHAA | work=Local History Library | title=Holbrook, New South Wales, Musings on Holbrook (or Germanton) | url=http://www.historyaustralia.org.au/ifhaa/towns/holbrook.htm | access-date=25 January 2007 | archive-date=5 March 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305012538/http://www.historyaustralia.org.au/ifhaa/towns/holbrook.htm | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55185386 |title=PLACE NAMES. |newspaper=[[The Australian Women's Weekly]] |date=13 May 1964 |access-date=22 February 2011 |page=61 |publisher=National Library of Australia |archive-date=27 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110327163310/http://www.trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/55185386 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name = "PostOffice">{{Cite web | author=Premier Postal History | title=Post Office List | url=https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=NSW&country= | access-date=11 June 2009 | archive-date=19 August 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819030343/https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=NSW&country= | url-status=live }}</ref>
The town was a stop on Old Sydney Road – the road between Sydney and Melbourne. The railway arrived in Germanton in 1902. The town was serviced by the [[Holbrook railway line|Holbrook branch railway line]] until the line was closed in 1975.<ref>{{cite web | title=Holbrook Branch Line at NSWrail.net | url=http://nswrail.net/lines/show.php?name=NSW:holbrook | access-date=10 June 2013 | archive-date=14 May 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514052718/http://www.nswrail.net/lines/show.php?name=NSW:holbrook | url-status=live }}</ref>
In 2013, a re-alignment of the [[Hume Highway]] around Holbrook was completed so it is now possible to bypass the town.<ref>[http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/roadprojects/projects/south_western_region/hume_hway_dup/holbrook_bypass/ Holbrook Bypass] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727132422/http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/roadprojects/projects/south_western_region/hume_hway_dup/holbrook_bypass/ |date=27 July 2013 }} Roads & Maritime Services</ref><ref name=weeklytimes>{{cite news|last=Myers|first=Fiona|title=PM opens Holbrook bypass|url=http://www.weeklytimesnow.com.au/article/2013/06/26/574723_national-news.html|access-date=27 June 2013|newspaper=The Weekly Times|date=26 June 2013|archive-date=27 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727131707/http://www.weeklytimesnow.com.au/article/2013/06/26/574723_national-news.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
===Garryowen===
Garryowen was a property and small settlement on Little Billabong Creek, about {{convert|13|km|mi|0}} north-east of Holbrook, in the mid 19th century. A larger settlement was planned but never built.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/documents/projects/south-western/hume-highway/history-begins-with-a-road.pdf |title=The Old Hume Highway – History begins with a road |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=May 2013 |publisher=NSW Government – Transport – Roads and Maritime Services |access-date=8 November 2017 |archive-date=30 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330021704/https://rms.nsw.gov.au/documents/projects/south-western/hume-highway/history-begins-with-a-road.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bonzle.com/c/a?a=p&p=17257 |title=Map of Garryowen, NSW |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2017 |publisher=Bonzle.com |access-date=8 November 2017 }}</ref>
==Sport==
[[Australian rules football]], [[cricket]] and [[netball]] are the most popular sports.
The [[Holbrook Football Netball Club]], founded in 1882, is a member of the [[Hume Football Netball League]] which it joined in 1999 and has won senior men's premierships in 2002 and 2022.<ref>[https://www.bordermail.com.au/story/7367938/people-want-to-come-to-this-club-because-of-what-theyve-heard/ BEHIND THE SCENES: We spent a day with the Holbrook Football and Netball Club] By Steve Tervet for the Border Mail 3 August 2021</ref>
It is also home to the Holbrook Cricket Club which plays in the local district association.
The [[Holbrook Rugby League Club]] founded in the 1930s and folded in 1991 (known as the Warriors and Bears) was a reasonably successful [[Group 13 Rugby League]] team in the 1950s and 1960s.
In the 1930s, the town was part of the route of the annual [[John Woodman Memorial]] bicycle handicap race organised by the Albury Wodonga Cycling Club.
==Local landmarks==
<gallery>
File:HolbrookFireStation.JPG|Fire station
File:HolbrookGreaterHumeShireCouncilOffices.JPG|Council offices
File:Australian Cafe on the Hume Highway in Holbrook.jpg|Main street
File:HolbrookReturnedServicesClub.JPG|RSL Club
File:HolbrookRomanCatholicSchool.JPG|Catholic school
File:HolbrookNABBank.JPG|[[National Australia Bank|NAB bank]]
File:HolbrookPublicSchool.JPG|Public school
File:Grain silos in Holbrook.jpg|Grain silo
</gallery>
===HMAS Otway===
[[File:Holbrook Submarine.jpg|thumb|The casing and fin of HMAS ''Otway'', at Holbrook]]
To honour Lieutenant Holbrook, the town's namesake, the Holbrook council acquired a portion of the hull of {{HMAS|Otway|S 59|6}}, an [[Oberon-class submarine]], after it was decommissioned by the [[Royal Australian Navy]] in 1995. The Navy gifted the fin from the submarine to the town. This resulted in a fund-raiser by the town and district to purchase the whole submarine. This drive was successful in raising $100,000, almost all a gift from Lieutenant Holbrook's widow, Gundula Holbrook. However, this amount was insufficient to purchase all of the Otway. Through negotiations with the scrap yard in Sydney, the town succeeded in purchasing all of the outside casing of Otway above the waterline. This part of the Otway is now displayed in Germanton Park in the heart of Holbrook, having been dedicated on 7–8 June 1997.<ref>{{Cite web| first=Brett| last=Green| publisher=Hyper Scale| title=HMAS Otway, of Holbrook| url=http://www.clubhyper.com/reference/hmasotwaybg_1.htm| access-date=25 January 2007| archive-date=7 November 2006| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107155040/http://www.clubhyper.com/reference/hmasotwaybg_1.htm| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| first=Geoff| last=Webby| publisher=brandis.com.au| title=Why are we called Holbrook| url=http://www.brandis.com.au/readers/geoff001.html
|access-date=25 January 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822133613/http://brandis.com.au/readers/geoff001.html
|archive-date=22 August 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
===National Museum of Australian Pottery===
The [[National Museum of Australian Pottery]] is housed in the old A. H. Mackie and Company building. It features over 1500 pieces made from the earliest colonial potteries up to the end of World War I.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.australianpottery.net.au/index.php |title=National Museum of Australian Pottery |work=australianpottery.net.au |year=2013 |access-date=22 December 2013 |archive-date=22 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131222200204/http://www.australianpottery.net.au/index.php? |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Demographics==
The population of the town was 1,267 people at the 2001 census.<ref>{{Census 2001 AUS|id=UCL140000|name=Holbrook (Urban Centre/Locality)|access-date=30 June 2007}}</ref> The population of the former Holbrook Shire was 2343 people. The population had declined by 7.4% (186 people) from 1996 and by 10.3% (269 people) since 1991. In 2001 the population of Australia increased by 6% from the 1996 census and 12.6% since the 1991 census.
[[File:ModelB11Submarine2.jpg|thumb|A scale model of the B11 in Holbrook]]
Less than 1% of the population identified themselves as being of indigenous origin (compared with 2.2% for the whole of Australia).
The median age of people in Holbrook in the 2001 Census was 40 years. In the 1996 Census the median age of people was 37 years, while in the 1991 Census the median age of people was 34 years. The median age for the whole of Australia in 2001 was 35 years.
In the {{CensusAU|2001
English was the only language spoken at home by 95.3% of those in the Holbrook local statistical area compared with 80% of Australians.
Line 90 ⟶ 111:
In the 2001 Census, there were 1078 married people (60%), 53 separated people (3%), 98 divorced people (6%), 165 widowed people (9%) and 397 people who had never been married (22%). 51% of Australians were married at the time of the census.
In the 2001 Census, 22 (1.2%) people held a postgraduate degree, graduate diploma or graduate certificate. This compares with 3% of the Australian population. 106 (6%) people held a bachelor's degree, compared with 10% of the Australian population. There were 385 (21%) people with an advanced diploma, diploma or certificate in the 2001 Census, compared with 22% of the Australian population. 1289 (72%) people did not have a qualification, did not state a qualification or stated a qualification outside of the scope of the standard classification; this compares with 65% of the Australian population.
During the week prior to Census Night 2001, 1021 people in Holbrook statistical local area were employed, representing 96% of the labour force. Of these, 658 (64.4%) people (485 males and 173 females) were working full-time and 321 (31.4%) people (93 males and 228 females) were working part-time. This compares with 92% of people who were employed in the 1996 Census and 90% of people who were employed in the 1991 Census. 93% of the Australian labour force were employed on census night.
Line 98 ⟶ 119:
In the 2001 Census, 274 (26.8%) people were employed as Managers and Administrators. There were 102 (10.0%) people employed as Associate Professionals and there were 101 (9.9%) people employed as Intermediate Clerical, Sales and Service Workers. Across Australia 9% of people were employed as Managers and Administrators; 12% as Associate Professionals and 17% as Intermediate Clerical, Sales and Service Workers.
[[File:HolbrookCup.JPG|thumb|The Holbrook Cup race meeting]]
In the 2001 Census, 95 (9.2%) people were employed in the Manufacturing industry, which compares with 3.6% of people in the 1996 Census and 5.6% of people in the 1991 Census. There were 126 (12.2%) people employed in the Retail Trade industry and there were 30 (2.9%) people (0 males and 30 females) employed in the Education industry. Across Australia 12% were employed in the Manufacturing industry, 15% in the Retail Trade industry and 7% in the Education industry. A softwood timber mill opened in 1998 which has subsequently closed.
The median weekly individual income for people aged 15 years and over in the 2001 Census was $
In the 2001 Census, there were 291 couple families with children (which comprised 44.7% of all families in occupied private dwellings), 283 couple families without children (43.5%), 70 one parent families (10.8%) and 7 other families (1.1%). There were 42 people (1.9%) in group households and 238 people (10.7%) in lone person households in the 2001 Census. Across Australia 47% of all families in occupied private dwellings were couple families with children, 36% couple families without children, 16% one parent families and 2% other families. There were 3% of people in group households and 9% in lone person households.
In the 2001 Census, there were 865 separate houses (92.7%), 37 flats, units or apartments (4.0%) and 31 other dwellings (3.3%). Of all occupied private dwellings in the 2001 Census, 670 were either fully owned or being purchased, which represents (71.6%) of all occupied private dwellings, while 177 (18.9%) were being rented. 75% of Australian dwellings are separate houses and 66% of all Australian dwellings were either fully owned or being purchased.
==Climate==
{{Weather box
| name =
| width = 70%
| collapsed = y
| open =
| metric first = yes
| single line = y
| trace =
| ___location =Holbrook(Lat: 35.72° SLon: 147.31° E) <small>(precipitation normals 2000-2024)</small>
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm =56.8
| Feb precipitation mm =55.8
| Mar precipitation mm =58.6
| Apr precipitation mm =42.4
| May precipitation mm =48.4
| Jun precipitation mm =65.5
| Jul precipitation mm =61.1
| Aug precipitation mm =65.5
| Sep precipitation mm =59.3
| Oct precipitation mm =56.5
| Nov precipitation mm =70.2
| Dec precipitation mm =46.0
| year precipitation mm =
| source = [[Bureau of Meteorology]]<ref name="rainfall">{{cite web |title=Monthly rainfall: Holbrook Number: 072142 |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_nccObsCode=139&p_display_type=dataFile&p_stn_num=072142 |website=bom.gov.au |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=4 November 2024 }}</ref>
}}
== Notable persons ==
* [[Charlie Armstrong (footballer)|Charlie Armstrong]] (1883–1954), retired Australian rules footballer
* [[Noel Barnett]] (1908–2000), Australian rules footballer
* [[Richard Bull (Australian politician)|Richard Bull]] (b. 1946), grazier and former State politician
* [[Sophie Casey]] (b. 1991), Australian rules footballer
* [[Anne Clyde]] (1946–2005), Australian educator, teacher-librarian, author
* [[Allan Ewing]] (b. 1951), retired Australian Anglican bishop who served in Holbrook
* [[Alfred Geary]] (1849–1911), cricketer
* [[James Gormly]] (1836–1922), State politician
* [[Jim King (footballer)|Jim King]] (1873–1929), retired Australian rules footballer
* [[Jack Loes]] (1910–1982), retired Australian rules footballer
* [[Gordon McLaurin]] (1862–1917), State politician (son of James)
* [[James McLaurin]] (1821–1891), State politician
* [[John Meredith (folklorist)|John Meredith]] (1920–2001), part of the Australian folk music revival of the 1950s
* [[Daniel Morgan (bushranger)|Daniel Morgan]] (1830–1865), bushranger who passed through the town in 1864
* [[Alyce Parker]] (b. 2000), Australian rules footballer
* [[Henry Playfair]] (b. 1983), retired Australian rules footballer
* [https://commonwealthgames.com.au/athletes/bruce-quick-2/ Bruce Quick] ( b 1959)(Olympic Shooter), Australian Olympian and Commonwealth games shooter<ref>[[Bruce Quick]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=February 2025}}
* [[Ellis Stones]] (1895–1975)), Australian landscape architect of private and public gardens, including 'Kildrummie', the town's Carnegie garden
* [[George Withers (footballer)|George Withers]] (1917–1991), Australian rules footballer
==See also==
* [[Australian place names changed from German names]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{commons category}}
==External links==
*[http://www.historyaustralia.org.au/ifhaa/towns/holbrook.htm Detail on the relationship between Norman Douglas Holbrook VC and the town of Holbrook]
*[http://www.greaterhume.nsw.gov.au/ Greater Hume Shire Council]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071008182244/http://holbrook.nsw.au/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=47&Itemid=36 Things to see and do in Holbrook]
*[http://www.nswrail.net/locations/show.php?name=NSW:Holbrook&line=NSW:holbrook:0 Holbrook Railway Station]
*[http://www.historyaustralia.org.au/ifhaa/towns/holbrook.htm Musings on Holbrook (or Germanton)] – Internet Family History Association of Australia page
*[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/254963995/ 1938 - Holbrook FC team photo]
*[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/263548947/ 1947 - Holbrook FC team photo]
*[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/264027950/ Albury & DFL - Best & Fairest: Brian Brennan, Holbrook FC photo]
*[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/267817338/ 1950 - Albury & DFL Runner Up: Holbrook FC team photo]
*[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/175473237/ 1951 - Holbrook FC team photo]
{{Towns in Greater Hume Shire}}
{{Riverina}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Towns in the Riverina]]
[[Category:Towns in New South Wales]]
[[Category:Hume Highway]]
[[Category:Greater Hume Shire]]
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