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{{short description|
{{About|the discipline}}
{{distinguish|Library science|Information technology}}
'''Informatics'''
== Different meanings ==
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|''Neuroinformatica''
|[[Neuroinformatics]]
|-
|[[Psychoinformatics]]
|''Psychoinformatik''
|''Психоинформатика''
|''Psychoinformatique''
|''Psicoinformatica''
|Psychoinformatics
|-
|[[Bioinformatics]]
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[[File:Informatics Forum - geograph.org.uk - 990363.jpg|thumb|right|200px|alt=Informatics Forum|[[Informatics Forum]], completed in 2008. It houses researchers of the University of Edinburgh's [[University of Edinburgh School of Informatics|School of Informatics]].]]
In some countries, depending on local interpretations and contexts, the term "informatics" is used synonymously to mean [[information system]]s, [[information science]], [[information theory]], [[information engineering]], [[information technology]], information processing
In the [[United States]], however, the term ''informatics'' is mostly used in context of [[data science]], [[library science]]<ref name="Wellisch 157–187"/> or its applications in [[healthcare]] ([[health informatics]]),<ref>{{Cite web|title=What is Informatics? USF Health|url=https://www.usfhealthonline.com/resources/key-concepts/informatics-defined/|access-date=2020-08-20|website=www.usfhealthonline.com|date=16 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Informatics Major|url=https://ischool.uw.edu/programs/informatics|access-date=2020-08-20|website=ischool.uw.edu|language=en}}</ref> where it first appeared in the US.
The [[University of Washington]] uses this term to refer to [[social computing]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Informatics Major|url=https://ischool.uw.edu/programs/informatics|website=ischool.uw.edu|language=en}}</ref>
The [[Government of Canada]] uses the term to refer to operational units offering network and computer services to the various departments.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=informatics&index=enb&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs | title=Informatics [100 records] - TERMIUM Plus® — Search - TERMIUM Plus® | date=8 October 2009 }}</ref>
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More than a dozen nearby universities joined [[Scottish Informatics and Computer Science Alliance]]. Some non-European universities have also adopted this definition (e.g. [[Kyoto University School of Informatics]]).
In 2003, Yingxu Wang popularized term [[cognitive informatics]], described as follows:<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wang|first=Yingxu|date=2003-08-01|title=On Cognitive Informatics|url=https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025401527570|journal=Brain and Mind|language=en|volume=4|issue=2|pages=151–167|doi=10.1023/A:1025401527570|issn=1573-3300|s2cid=61495426|url-access=subscription}}</ref>
{{Blockquote|Supplementary to matter and energy, information is the third essence for modeling the world. Cognitive informatics focuses on internal information processing mechanisms and the natural intelligence of the brain.}}
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== Informatics as information science ==
{{See also|Library science}}
In the fields of [[geoinformatics]] or [[irrigation informatics]], the term -informatics usually mean [[information science]], in context related to [[library science]]. This was the first meaning of informatics introduced in [[Russia]] in 1966 by A.I. Mikhailov, R.S. Gilyarevskii, and A.I. Chernyi, which referred to a scientific discipline that studies the structure and properties of scientific information.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Yatsko|first=Viatcheslav A.|date=2018|title=Informatics, Information Science, and Computer Science|journal=Scientific and Technical Information Processing|volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=235–240 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329936460|doi=10.3103/S0147688218040081}}</ref> In this context, the term was also used by the [[International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility]]. Some scientists use this term, however, to refer to the science of information processing, not [[data management]].<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|last=Wang|first=Yingxu|title=2013 IEEE 12th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics and Cognitive Computing |chapter=Basic theories for neuroinformatics and neurocomputing |year=2013
In the English-speaking world, the term ''informatics'' was first widely used in the compound [[medical informatics]], taken to include "the cognitive, information processing, and communication tasks of medical practice, education, and research, including information science and the technology to support these tasks".<ref>Greenes, R.A. and Shortliffe, E.H. (1990) "Medical Informatics: An emerging discipline with academic and institutional perspectives." ''[[Journal of the American Medical Association]]'', 263(8) pp. 1114–20. http://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1990.03440080092030</ref> Many such compounds are now in use; they can be viewed as different areas of "''applied informatics''".
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* ''[[Journal of Logic and Computation]]''
* [[Bioinformatics (journal)|''Bioinformatics'']]
* ''Neural Computing and Applications''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neural Computing and Applications|url=https://www.springer.com/journal/521|website=Springer |date=2025 }}</ref>
* [[Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems|url=https://www.springer.com/journal/10458|website=Springer}}</ref>
* ''[[International Symposium on Fundamentals of Computation Theory]]''
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* ''Annual IEEE [[Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science]]''
* ''Annual [[Symposium on Computational Geometry]]''
* ''[[Simulation & Gaming]]''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Simulation & Gaming|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/home/sag|website=SAGE Journals|date=6 August 2025 |language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[Journal of Machine Learning Research]]''
* ''[[Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research]]''
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* College of Literature, Science, and the Arts at [[University of Michigan]]<ref name="lsa.umich.edu">{{Cite web|title=University of Michigan, Major in Informatics|url=https://lsa.umich.edu/stats/undergraduate-students/undergraduate-programs/informatics.html}}</ref>
* School of Information at [[The University of Texas at Austin]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=University of Texas at Austin, Bachelor's Degree in Informatics|url=https://www.ischool.utexas.edu/programs/informatics}}</ref>
* Manning College of Information & Computer Sciences at [[University of Massachusetts Amherst]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=University of Massachusetts Amherst, BS in Informatics|work=Manning College of Information & Computer Sciences |date=22 September 2014 |url=https://www.cics.umass.edu/informatics}}</ref>
* [[Texas Women's University]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Texas Women's University, Informatics Bachelor of Science Degrees|url=https://twu.edu/informatics/undergraduate-programs/}}</ref>
* College of Literature, Science, and the Arts at [[University of Michigan]]<ref name="lsa.umich.edu"/>
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* [[Artificial intelligence]]
* [[Behavior informatics]]
* [[Bioinformatics]]
* [[Computational theory of mind]]
* [[Computer simulation]]
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[[Category:Schools of informatics| ]]
[[Category:Library science]]
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