Zephyr (operating system): Difference between revisions

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| source model = [[Open source]]
| released = {{Start date and age|2016|07|26|df=yes}}<ref name="zephyr-project" />
| latest release version = 4.02.0
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|20242025|1107|1519|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web |url= https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/releases/tag/v4.02.0 |title= Zephyr v4.02.0|website= [[GitHub]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.zephyrproject.org/zephyr-rtos-4-02-is-generallynow-available/-introduces-renesas-rx-support-usb-video-class-and-more|title= Zephyr RTOS 4.02 Is GenerallyNow Available: Some Highlights|website= [[Zephyr blog]]}}</ref>
| marketing target = [[Internet of things]], [[Embeddedembedded Systemsystem]]s
| programmed in = [[C (programming language)|C]]
| language = English
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In February 2016, Rocket became a hosted collaborative project of the [[Linux Foundation]] under the name ''Zephyr''.<ref name="zp19"/><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Guerrini |first=Federico |date=2016-02-19 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/federicoguerrini/2016/02/19/the-internet-of-things-goes-open-source-with-linux-foundations-zephyr-project/ |title=The Internet of Things Goes Open Source with Linux Foundation's Zephyr Project |work=[[Forbes]] |access-date=2017-01-12}}</ref><ref name="zephyr-project">{{Cite web |url=https://www.zephyrproject.org/news/linux-foundation-announces-project-build-real-time-operating-system-internet-things-devices |title=The Linux Foundation Announces Project to Build Real-Time Operating System for Internet of Things Devices |author=<!-- Human name. --> |date=17 February 2016 |website=Zephyr Project |publisher=Linux Foundation |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310073146/https://www.zephyrproject.org/news/linux-foundation-announces-project-build-real-time-operating-system-internet-things-devices |archivedate=2016-03-10}}</ref> Wind River Systems contributed the Rocket kernel to Zephyr, but still provided Rocket to its clients, charging them for the cloud services.<ref name="patel-zephyr-project"/><ref name="eej"/> As a result, Rocket became "essentially the commercial version of Zephyr".<ref name="patel-zephyr-project">{{Cite web |url=http://blogs.windriver.com/wind_river_blog/2016/02/wind-river-welcomes-linux-foundations-zephyr-project.html |title=Wind River Welcomes Linux Foundation's Zephyr Project |last=Patel |first=Niheer |date=17 February 2016 |website=Wind River Systems |access-date=18 February 2016 |archive-date=21 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221003830/http://blogs.windriver.com/wind_river_blog/2016/02/wind-river-welcomes-linux-foundations-zephyr-project.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
Since then, early members and supporters of Zephyr include [[Intel]], [[NXP Semiconductors]], [[Synopsys]], [[Linaro]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Osborne |first=Charlie |date=2016-02-19 |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/the-linux-foundations-zephyr-project-building-an-operating-system-for-iot-devices/ |title=The Linux Foundation's Zephyr Project: A custom operating system for IoT devices |website=[[ZDNet]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |access-date=2017-01-12}}</ref> [[Texas Instruments]], DeviceTone, [[Nordic Semiconductor]], [[Oticon]], and [[Bose Corporation|Bose]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.zephyrproject.org/#project-members/|title=Project Members|website=Zephyr Project – A proven RTOS ecosystem, by developers, for developers}}</ref>
 
{{As of|2025|01}}, Zephyr had the largest number of contributors and commits compared to other RTOSes (including [[Mbed]], [[RT-Thread]], [[NuttX]], and [[RIOT (operating system)|RIOT]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr |title=Zephyr GitHub page |website=[[GitHub]] |date=January 30, 2025}}</ref>
 
==Features==
Zephyr intends to provide all components needed to develop resource-constrained and embedded or microcontroller-based applications. This includes, but is not limited to:<ref name="docs.zephyrproject.org"/>
* A small kernel
* A flexible configuration and build system for compile-time definition of required resources and modules
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===Configuration and build system===
Zephyr uses [[Kconfig]] and [[devicetree]] as its configuration systems, inherited from the [[Linux kernel]], but implemented in the programming language [[Python (programming language)|Python]] programming language for portability to non-[[Unix]] operating systems.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/tree/master/scripts |title=scripts/ folder |website=[[GitHub]] |date=12 May 2020}}</ref> The RTOS build system is based on [[CMake]], which allows Zephyr applications to be built on [[Linux]], [[macOS]], and [[Microsoft Windows]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://docs.zephyrproject.org/latest/application/ |title=Application Development: Zephyr Project Documentation |website=Zephyr Project}}</ref>
 
===Utility''West'' toolutility "West"tool===
Zephyr has a general-purpose tool called "west"''West'' for managing repositories, downloading programs to hardware, etc.
 
===Kernel===