Mixed-use development: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Ballston TOD.jpg|thumb|[[Ballston Quarter]] in [[Arlington, Virginia]], part of the [[Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area]], is transit-oriented, mixed-use and densified, giving a "downtown" feel in an [[edge city]].]]
[[File:Bitola 2007.JPG|thumb|right|Traditional mixed-use development pattern in a city center: [[Bitola]], [[North Macedonia]]]]
'''Mixed -use development''' is a type of [[Realreal estate development|urban development]], [[urban design]], [[urban planning]] and/or a [[zoning]] classification that blends multiple [[Landland use|uses]], such as residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or entertainment, into one space, where those functions are to some degree physically and functionally integrated, and that provides pedestrian connections.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iB_ALDYrWMUC&pg=PA216 ''Business Geography and New Real Estate Market Analysis'', Grant Ian Thrall, p.216]</ref><ref name="arc">{{cite web|url=http://www.atlantaregional.com/File%20Library/Local%20Gov%20Services/gs_cct_mixedusetool_1109.pdf
|title=Quality Growth Toolkit: Mixed-use Development|publisher=Atlanta Regional Commission|page=2|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128011547/http://www.atlantaregional.com/File%20Library/Local%20Gov%20Services/gs_cct_mixedusetool_1109.pdf|archive-date=2011-11-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Raman|first1=Rewati|last2=Roy|first2=Uttam Kumar|date=2019-11-01|title=Taxonomy of urban mixed land use planning|journal=Land Use Policy|volume=88|pages=104102|doi=10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104102|bibcode=2019LUPol..8804102R |s2cid=201338748|issn=0264-8377}}</ref> Mixed-use development may be applied to a single building, a block or neighborhood, or in zoning policy across an entire city or other administrative unit. These projects may be completed by a private developer, (quasi-)governmental agency, or a combination thereof. A mixed-use development may be a new construction, reuse of an existing building or [[brownfield site]], or a combination.<ref>O’Connell, Evan. Submission to the Cork City Development Plan 2021-2028: Re: Mixed Planning System. https://consult.corkcity.ie/ga/system/files/materials/1399/2492/Submission%20to%20the%20Cork%20City%20Development%20Plan%202021-2028_%20Re_%20Mixed%20Planning%20System.pdf</ref>
 
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==Contexts==
Expanded use of mixed-use zoning and mixed-use developments may be found in a variety of contexts, such as the following (multiple such contexts might apply to one particular project or situation):<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.epa.gov/sites/productiondefault/files/2014-04/documents/this-is-smart-growth.pdf|title=This is Smart Growth|publisher=United States Environmental Protection Agency|date=April 2014|access-date=September 20, 2019}}</ref>[[File:Barracks Row, DC.jpg|thumb|[[Barracks Row]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]; ground-level retail with upper-story residential. ]]
* as part of [[smart growth]] planning strategies
* in '''traditional urban neighborhoods''', as part of urban renewal and/or infill, i.e., upgrading the buildings and public spaces and amenities of the neighborhood to provide more and/or better housing and a better quality of life—examples include [[Barracks Row]] in [[Washington, D.C.]], and [[East Liberty, Pittsburgh]]
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=== United States ===
[[File:Pearldistrict.jpg|thumb|261x261px|Mixed-use spaces developed in Portland, Oregon]]
In the United States, the [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|Environmental Protection Agency]] (EPA) collaborates with local governments by providing researchers developing new data that estimates how a city can be impacted by mixed-use development. With the EPA putting models in the spreadsheet, it makes it much easier for municipalities, and developers to estimate the traffic, with Mixed-use spaces. The linking models also used as a resource tool measures the geography, demographics, and land use characteristics in a city. The Environmental Protection Agency has conducted an analysis on six major metropolitan areas using land usage, household surveys, and GIS databases. States such as California, Washington, New Mexico, and Virginia have adopted this standard as statewide policy when assessing how urban developments can impact traffic. Preconditions for the success of mixed-use developments are employment, population, and [[consumer spending]]. The three preconditions ensure that a development can attract quality tenants and financial success. Other factors determining the success of the mixed-use development is the proximity of production time, and the costs from the surrounding market.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.epa.gov/smartgrowth/mixed-use-trip-generation-model|title=Mixed-Use Trip Generation Model|date=2013-04-28}}</ref>
 
====Portland====