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{{Use British English|date=January 2022}}
[[File:Unesco Memory of the World Logo (English).png|thumb|Logo of the Memory of the World Programme]]
[[UNESCO]]'s '''Memory of the World''' ('''MoW''') '''Programme''' is an international initiative that recognises documentary heritage of global importance. It aims to safeguard the [[documentary heritage]] of humanity against [[collective amnesia]], neglect, decay over time and climatic conditions, as well as deliberate destruction.
Following the establishment of the Memory of the World International Register, UNESCO and the Memory of the World Programme have encouraged the creation of autonomous national and regional committees as well as national and regional registers which focus on documentary heritage of great regional or national importance, but not necessarily of global importance.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=MoW Committees |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/committees
[[Image:Declaration of Human Rights.jpg|thumb|The [[Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen]] (1789) was used to disseminate to the political community the first [[Constitution of France|French Constitution]].<ref name="rights_of_man">{{cite web| title= Original Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789–1791) |url= https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/original-declaration-rights-man-and-citizen-1789-1791 |publisher=UNESCO Memory of the World Programme |access-date=2025-03-03}}</ref>]]
==Memory of the World International Register==
The Memory of the World International Register is a list of the world's documentary heritage with outstanding global significance – such as [[manuscript]]s, [[oral tradition]]s, audio-visual materials, and library and archive holdings.<ref name="strategy" /> It catalogues documentary heritage that has been recommended by the International Advisory Committee
The first inscriptions on the International Register were made in 1997.<ref name="intro" /><ref name="2003_memory" /><ref name="1997_report">{{cite web |date=October 1997 |title=Third Meeting of the International Advisory Committee of the Memory of the World Programme, Tashkent, 29 September-1st October 1997: final report |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000109753 |access-date=2025-06-17 |publisher=UNESCO Memory of the World Programme}}</ref> The various properties in the register include recordings of [[folk music]]; [[ancient language]]s and [[phonetics]]; aged remnants of religious and secular manuscripts; collective lifetime works of renowned giants of literature; science and music; copies of landmark motion pictures and short films; and accounts documenting changes in the world's political, economic, and social stage.
As of April 2025, 570 pieces of documentary heritage had been inscribed in the International Register.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Memory of the World |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=UNESCO Memory of the World Programme}}</ref>
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! Region
! Number of inscriptions to the Register
|-
| [[Memory of the World Register – Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 35
| style="text-align:center;" |▼
|-
| [[Memory of the World Register – Arab States]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 17
| style="text-align:center;" |▼
|-
| [[Memory of the World Register – Asia and the Pacific]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 154
|-
| [[Memory of the World Register – Europe and North America]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 274
|-
| [[Memory of the World Register – Latin America and the Caribbean]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 77
|-
| [[Memory of the World Register – International Organizations|Memory of the World Register – Other]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 7
|-
! align="right" | '''Total'''
!
|}
===Top 10
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
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|1
| {{flag|Germany}}
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| 2
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| 3
| {{flag|Netherlands}}
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| 4
| {{flag|France}}
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
|
| {{flag|South Korea}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 20
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| 6
| {{flag|Poland}}
▲| style="text-align:center;" | 19
|-▼
| {{flag|China}} ▼
| style="text-align:center;" | 18
|-
|
| {{flag|Spain}}▼
▲| style="text-align:center;" | 17
|-▼
| {{flag|Austria}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 16
|-
|
▲| {{flag|China}}
▲|-
▲| 8
| {{flag|Russia}}
| style="text-align:center;" |
▲|-
▲| 10
▲| {{flag|Spain}}
|-
|
| {{flag|India}}
| style="text-align:center;" |
|}
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Any organization or individual can nominate a documentary item for inscription on the International Register via [[Member states of UNESCO|UNESCO Member States]] through their [[National Commissions for UNESCO|National Commission for UNESCO]]. In the absence of a National Commission, the nomination is sent through the relevant government body in charge of relations with UNESCO, involving, if one exists, the relevant national MoW committee.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=Memory of the World General Guidelines |url=https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/mow_general_guidelines_en.pdf |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref> Two proposals per UNESCO Member State are considered in each nomination cycle. There is no limit on joint nomination proposals from two or more UNESCO Member States.
The program is administered by the International Advisory Committee (IAC), whose 14 members are appointed by the [[Director-General of UNESCO]].<ref name="strategy" /><ref name="2003_memory" />
* ''Bureau'': Maintains an overview of the Programme between IAC meetings and makes tactical decisions in liaison with the Secretariat, reviews the use of the Memory of the World logo, and liaises with national Memory of the World committees and monitors their growth and operation.
* ''The Preservation Sub-Committee'': Develops, regularly revises and promulgates information guides on the preservation of documentary heritage, and offers advice on technical and preservation matters.
* ''Register Sub-Committee'': Oversees the assessment of nominations for the Memory of the World International Register and provides recommendations, with reasons, for their inscription or rejection to each meeting of the IAC.
* ''Education and Research Sub-committee'': Develops strategies and concepts for institutionalizing education and research on documentary heritage and helps developing innovative curricula and research on Memory of the World.
* ''The Secretariat at UNESCO:'' Provides support services to the International Advisory Committee (IAC) and its subsidiary bodies, and the general administration and monitoring of the Program. It is the contact point of the Program.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=Secretariat |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/secretariat
* The Memory of the World Programme is implemented by UNESCO through ''regional and national committees''. These committees are autonomous from UNESCO and are composed of dedicated local heritage professionals.<ref>{{Cite web
== National and regional registers ==
Some national and regional Memory of the World committees maintain their own Memory of the World registers, highlighting documentary heritage of great national or regional importance.<ref>{{cite web |title=Unlocking the Past, Shaping the Future: UNESCO’s Memory of the World Registers for Collective Memory |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/documentary-heritage/explore |publisher=UNESCO Memory of the World Programme |access-date=15 July 2025}}</ref><ref name="russell_registers" /> National registers include:
* [[Brazil Memory of the World Register]]
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* [[UK Memory of the World Register]]
There are presently two regional registers: the Asia Pacific Regional Register and the Latin America and the Caribbean regional register'<ref name="russell_registers">{{cite book |last1=Russell |first1=Roslyn |editor1-last=Edmondson |editor1-first=Ray |editor2-last=Jordan |editor2-first=Lothar |editor3-last=Prodan |editor3-first=Anca Claudia |title=The UNESCO Memory of the World Programme: Key Aspects and Recent Developments |date=2020 |publisher=Springer |___location=Cham |isbn=978-3-030-18441-4 |page=44 |chapter=The Memory of the World Registers and Their Potential}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific |title=MOWCAP Regional Register |url=https://www.mowcapunesco.org/core-activities/regional-register/ |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific}}</ref>
The Asia Pacific Regional Register and the Register for Latin America and the Caribbean<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=Regional Register |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/lac/regional-register |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=UNESCO}}</ref> have already honoured important documentary heritage of their regions, while the African Regional Register is currently being established.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa Regional Committee of the Memory of the World Programme (ARCMoW) |title=Africa Regional Committee of the Memory of the World Programme (ARCMoW) |url=https://arcmow.org/ |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Africa Regional Committee of the Memory of the World Programme (ARCMoW)}}</ref> In the Asia-Pacific region, in 2014–2015, there were 18 member nations of [[MOWCAP]] (6 without national committees), while in 2016, there were 16 national MoW committees.<ref name=":0" />
==''Jikji'' Prize==
[[Image:SelectedTeachingsofBuddhistSagesandSonMasters1377.jpg|thumb|The ''Jikji'', created in 1377, is the earliest known book printed with [[Movable type|movable metal type]].]]
The ''Jikji'' Prize was established in 2004 by UNESCO<ref>{{Cite web |last=UNESCO |title=UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/jikji
The prize has been awarded biannually since 2005 during the meeting of the IAC.<ref name="2005_memory" />
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In 1992, the program began as a way to preserve and promote documentary heritage, manuscripts, maps, rock inscriptions, court documents, diplomatic exchanges and more that are deemed to be of such global significance as to transcend the boundaries of time and culture.<ref name="strategy" /> This recorded memory reflects the diversity of languages, people, and cultures.<ref name="2005_memory" /> UNESCO, the world agency responsible for the protection of the world's [[cultural heritage|cultural]] and [[natural heritage]], realized the need to protect such fragile yet important component of cultural heritage. The Memory of the World Programme was established to facilitate the preservation of, universal access to, and public awareness about humanity's documentary heritage.<ref name="2007_memory">{{cite web |author=Jasmina Sopova |date=2007-06-20 |title=Thirty-eight new inscriptions for Memory of the World Register |url=http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=38423&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091111132741/http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D38423%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html |archive-date=2009-11-11 |access-date=2009-09-06 |publisher=UNESCO Press}}</ref>
{{blockquote|People the world over are creating [memories] in forms that are less and less permanent—be it sound recordings, film, videotape, newsprint, photographs, or computer-based documents. It must be said that the output of the present century alone is probably greater than the total output of all previous centuries put together; and ironically and tragically, it is being lost faster than ever before. It is a tragedy indeed, for what is at stake is the recorded memory of mankind.|
Regular meetings were held by the IAC in its interim capacity beginning in 1993, culminating in the creation of the Memory of the World International Register during its second meeting in 1995,<ref name="strategy" /><ref name="1997_report" /> with the first inscriptions on the register in 1997, after the statutes that created the IAC as a standing committee took effect.<ref name="1999_report">{{cite web |date=July 1999 |title=Fourth meeting of the International Advisory Committee of the Memory of the World Programme, Vienna, 10-12 June 1999: final report |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000116830 |access-date=2025-06-17 |publisher=UNESCO Memory of the World Programme}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:center;" |88
| style="text-align:center;" |64
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nominations of new items of documentary heritage to be inscribed on the Memory of the World international register: list of nominations|date=14 April 2023 |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000385138 |access-date=2023-05-18 |website=unesdoc.unesco.org}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | 15th
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==External links==
{{commons category
* {{official website|www.unesco.org/en/memory-world}}
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