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== Structure ==
[[File:Basic Scheme of Virus en.svg|thumb|Simplified diagram of the structure of a virus]]
[[File:Capsids.jpg|thumb|upright=1.7|The different shapes of viruses]]
A virus particle, also called a [[virion]], consists of genes made from DNA or RNA which are surrounded by a protective coat of protein called a [[capsid]].{{sfn|Howley|Knipe|Enquist|2023|pp=50-52}}{{harvnb|Collier|Balows|Sussman|1998|pp=33–55}} The capsid is made of many smaller, identical protein molecules called [[capsomer]]s. The arrangement of the capsomers can either be [[truncated icosahedron|icosahedral]] (20-faced), [[helix|helical]], or more complex. There is an inner shell around the DNA or RNA called the [[nucleocapsid]], made out of proteins. Some viruses are surrounded by a bubble of [[lipid]] (fat) called an [[viral envelope|envelope]], which makes them vulnerable to soap and alcohol.<ref name="pmid11759024">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rotter ML |title=Arguments for alcoholic hand disinfection |journal=The Journal of Hospital Infection |volume=48 |issue=Suppl A |pages=S4–S8 |date=August 2001 |pmid=11759024 |doi=10.1016/s0195-6701(01)90004-0 }}</ref>
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