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'''Julia''' is a [[dynamic programming language|dynamic]] [[general-purpose programming language|general-purpose]] [[programming language]]. As a [[high-level programming language|high-level]] language, distinctive aspects of Julia's design include a type system with [[parametric polymorphism]], the use of [[multiple dispatch]] as a core [[programming paradigm]], [[just-in-time compilation|just-in-time]] (JIT) compilation and a parallel [[tracing garbage collection|garbage collection]] implementation. Notably Julia does not support [[Class (computer programming)|classes]] with [[Encapsulation (computer programming)|encapsulated]] methods but instead relies on the types of all of a function's arguments to determine which method will be called.
| date = 15 October 2012▼
| last = Bryant▼
| first = Avi▼
| archive-date= 2014-04-26▼
| title = New Julia language seeks to be the C for scientists▼
| url = https://www.infoworld.com/article/2616709/new-julia-language-seeks-to-be-the-c-for-scientists.html▼
| magazine = InfoWorld▼
| access-date = 4 July 2021▼
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140913234252/http://www.infoworld.com/d/application-development/new-julia-language-seeks-be-the-c-scientists-190818▼
| url-status = live▼
By default, Julia is run similarly to scripting languages, using its runtime, and allows for [[read–eval–print loop|interactions]],<ref name="PackageCompiler.jl" /> but Julia programs/[[source code]] can also optionally be sent to users in one ready-to-install/run file, which can be made quickly, not needing anything preinstalled.<ref name=AppBundler.jl /> <!-- controversial on Talk, page, for now commenting out, may move out of lead: Julia programs can also be (separately) compiled to [[binary executable]]s, even allowing no-source-code distribution, and the executables can get much smaller with Julia 1.12. Such compilation is not needed for speed, though it can decrease constant-factor startup cost, since Julia is also compiled when running interactively, but it can help with hiding source code. Features of the language can be separately compiled, so Julia can be used, for example, with its runtime or without it (which allows for smaller executables and libraries but is limited in capabilities). -->
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==History==
Work on Julia began in 2009, when [[Jeff Bezanson (programmer)|Jeff Bezanson]], [[Stefan Karpinski]], [[Viral B. Shah]], and [[Alan Edelman]] set out to create a free language that was both high-level and fast. On 14 February 2012, the team launched a website with a blog post explaining the language's mission.<ref name="announcement" /> In an interview with ''[[InfoWorld]]'' in April 2012, Karpinski said of the name "Julia": "There's no good reason, really. It just seemed like a pretty name."<ref name="infoworld"
▲ | title = New Julia language seeks to be the C for scientists
▲ | url = https://www.infoworld.com/article/2616709/new-julia-language-seeks-to-be-the-c-for-scientists.html
▲ | magazine = InfoWorld
▲ | access-date = 4 July 2021
▲ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140913234252/http://www.infoworld.com/d/application-development/new-julia-language-seeks-be-the-c-scientists-190818
▲ | url-status = live
}}</ref> Bezanson said he chose the name on the recommendation of a friend,<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Torre |first1=Charles |title=Stefan Karpinski and Jeff Bezanson on Julia |url=https://channel9.msdn.com/Blogs/Charles/Stefan-Karpinski-and-Jeff-Bezanson-Julia-Programming-Language |website=Channel 9 |publisher=MSDN |access-date=4 December 2018 |archive-date=4 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204102053/https://channel9.msdn.com/Blogs/Charles/Stefan-Karpinski-and-Jeff-Bezanson-Julia-Programming-Language |url-status=live }}</ref> then years later wrote:
{{blockquote|Maybe julia stands for "[[Jeff Bezanson (programmer)|Jeff]]'s [[MLisp|uncommon lisp]] is automated"?<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Bezanson |first1=Jeff |title=CAS Benchmarks |url=https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cas-benchmarks-symbolics-jl-and-maxima/58359/17 |website=discourse.julialang.org |date=2 April 2021 |access-date=2 April 2021 |archive-date=2 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210402224346/https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cas-benchmarks-symbolics-jl-and-maxima/58359/17 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
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===Economics, finance, and political science===
* The [[Federal Reserve Bank of New York]]
* Also the [[Bank of Canada]], [[central bank]], for macroeconomic modeling<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-02 |title=Finance and Economics Use Cases |url=https://discourse.julialang.org/t/finance-and-economics-use-cases/9452/104 |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=Julia Programming Language |language=en}}</ref>
* [[BlackRock]], the world's largest asset manager, for [[financial time-series analysis]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=D'Cunha |first=Suparna Dutt |date=2017-09-20 |title=How A New Programming Language Created By Four Scientists Now Used By The World's Biggest Companies |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/suparnadutt/2017/09/20/this-startup-created-a-new-programming-language-now-used-by-the-worlds-biggest-companies/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001082708/https://www.forbes.com/sites/suparnadutt/2017/09/20/this-startup-created-a-new-programming-language-now-used-by-the-worlds-biggest-companies/?sh=2c98522a7de2 |archive-date=2022-10-01 |access-date=2022-10-01 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref>
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