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==Operators==
===Current operators===
* {{ALG}} – 325 T-72M1/M1M as of 2023.{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|page=315}}
* {{ANG}}<ref name="NMAA">{{cite web|first1=Jeremy |last1=Binnie|first2=Erwan|last2=de Cherisey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622123315/http://www.janes.com/images/assets/520/71520/New-model_African_armies.pdf|title=New-model African armies|publisher=Jane's |date=2017|archive-date= 22 June 2017|url=http://www.janes.com/images/assets/520/71520/New-model_African_armies.pdf}}</ref> – 50 T-72M1 as of 2023.{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|page=433}}
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* {{AZE}} – 404 T-72A, T-72AV, T-72B, and T-72SIM2 as of 2023.{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|page=172-173}}
* {{BLR}} – 477 T-72B and 20 T-72B3 mod. 2016 as of 2023.{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|page=175}} Various T-72 modifications in reserve.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://belarmy.by/novosti/belorusskij-bronirovannyj-kulak-teryaet-silu |title=Белорусский бронированный кулак теряет силу | Армия Беларуси |access-date=4 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905000816/http://belarmy.by/novosti/belorusskij-bronirovannyj-kulak-teryaet-silu |archive-date=5 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*
* {{Flag|Croatia}} – 74 [[M-84|M-84A4 Sniper]], which is an improved variant of the T-72M, as of 2025 awaiting replacement with the [[Leopard 2|Leopard 2A8]] while 30 M-84A4 will be donated to Ukraine.<ref name="IISS2022_p2613">[[International Institute for Strategic Studies]]: The Military Balance 2025</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Hrvatska nabavlja najmodernije tenkove Leopard 2A8, a Ukrajini šalje svoje M-84 i borbena oklopna vozila M-80 |url=https://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska-nabavlja-najmodernije-tenkove-leopard-2a8-a-ukrajini-salje-svoje-m-84-i-borbena-oklopna-vozila-m-80-1811407 |work=www.vecernji.hr |language=hr}}</ref>
* {{CZE}} – 30 [[T-72M4CZ]] in service as of 2025.<ref name=":2" /> 50 T-72M1s were donated to Ukraine between 2022 and 2023.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/specialy/rusko-ukrajinsky-konflikt/3555450-armade-loni-rekordne-ubylo-techniky-zrejme-kvuli-dodavkam|title=Armádě loni rekordně ubylo techniky, zřejmě kvůli dodávkám zbraní Ukrajině|publisher=Česká televize|website=ČT24|accessdate=30 March 2023}}</ref> Later all usable T-72M1 tanks were donated to Ukraine (last T-72M1s left Czechia in Spring 2025).<ref name="allt-72m1givenaway">{{cite web | url=https://archiv.hn.cz/c1-67691960-na-ukrajinu-zamirily-posledni-ceskoslovenske-tanky-u-utvaru-uz-je-jen-nekolik-leopardu-na-desitky-dalsich-se-ceka | title=Na Ukrajinu zamířily poslední československé tanky. U útvarů už je jen několik Leopardů, na desítky dalších se čeká |author= Jan Beránek | date= 8 April 2025 |publisher= Hospodářské noviny }}</ref>[[File:T-72 CI-Ajeya.jpg|thumb|T-72 CI-Ajeya tank of Indian Army during an army parade.]]
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* {{ETH}} – 50 bought from Yemen, 171 T-72UA1 vehicles reportedly ordered from Ukraine in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/106382/#ixzz1OtrZzLJF|title=Ukraine sells 200 tanks to Ethiopia|work=KyivPost|date=9 June 2011|access-date=13 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501033238/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/106382/#ixzz1OtrZzLJF|archive-date=1 May 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{GEO}} –143 T-72B/SIM1 in 2018. Upgraded T-72 SIMs were upgraded in Georgia with assistance of Israel.<ref name="IISS">{{cite book |title=Military Balance 2018 |date=2018 |publisher=IISS |isbn=978-1857439007 |page=187}}</ref>
* {{HUN}} – 44 T-72M1 in service as of 2025.<ref name=":2" />
* {{IND}} – 2,418 T-72M1 as of 2025.<ref name=":2" />
* {{IRN}} – 480 T-72S as of 2023.{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|page=324}}
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* {{NIC}} – 50 T-72B1MS tanks.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Sanchez|first1=Alejandro|title=Nicaragua acquires Russian T-72 tanks|url=http://www.janes.com/article/59989/nicaragua-acquires-russian-t-72-tanks|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=2 August 2016|date=4 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821043553/http://www.janes.com/article/59989/nicaragua-acquires-russian-t-72-tanks|archive-date=21 August 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Sanchez|first1=Alejandro|title=Nicaragua receives Russian T-72 tanks, set for September unveiling|url=http://www.janes.com/article/62727|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=2 August 2016|date=2 August 2016}}</ref><ref name="rénovation redsamovar">{{cite web |title=Rénovation des T-80BV et modernisation des T-72B1 au sein de la 61ème usine de réparation des blindés |url=https://redsamovar.com/2019/05/25/actu-la-renovation-des-t-80bv-et-la-modernisation-des-t-72b1-au-sein-de-la-61eme-usine-de-reparation-des-blindes/ |website=Red Samovar |date=25 May 2019}}</ref>
* {{NGR}}<ref name="NMAA"/> – 10 T-72AV and 31 T-72M1 as of 2023.{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|page=469}}
*
* {{RUS}} – 700 T-72A/B/BA and 470 T-72B3 in active service. 909 T-72A and 433 T-72B/BA in store as of 2025.<ref name=":2" /> 1100 T-72B3, 550 T-72B3M, and more than 1000 T-72B in operation in 2022, 4800 variants of the T-72B in total.<ref name="IISS 2022">{{cite book |author=International Institute for Strategic Studies |title=The Military Balance 2022 |date=14 February 2022 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0367466398 |pages=192–195 |author-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies}}</ref> As of February 2023, the [[Russian Army]] operates 400 T-72B/BA, 500 T-72B3, and 250 T-72B3M tanks; the [[Russian Naval Infantry]] operates 170 T-72B/B3/B3Ms; the [[Russian Airborne Forces]] operates 50 T-72B3/B3M; while the [[1st Army Corps (Russia)|1st Army Corps]] and [[2nd Army Corps (Russia)|2nd Army Corps]] operates some T-72A and T-72B tanks.{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|pages=183-192}} 10,000 T-72 tanks of all variants in different conditions in storage.{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|page=185}} Many of the T-72 tanks have been left exposed and stored since the early 1990s, and they are likely to be in poor condition.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 July 2024 |title=Russia's vast stocks of Soviet-era weaponry are running out |url=https://www.economist.com/europe/2024/07/16/russias-vast-stocks-of-soviet-era-weaponry-are-running-out |access-date=2024-08-11 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref>
* {{SRB}} – 30 T-72B1MS and 195 [[M-84]], which is an improved variant of the T-72M, as of 2025.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2016&mm=12&dd=21&nav_id=100019 |title=Serbia to get Russian warplanes, tanks, armored vehicles |date=21 December 2016 |access-date=22 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222173900/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2016&mm=12&dd=21&nav_id=100019 |archive-date=22 December 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2020/1130/093560644/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / Новости / Президент Сербии поблагодарил Россию за поставку военной техники|website=armstrade.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0524/083562858/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / Минобороны России передало военную технику российского производства вооруженным силам Сербии|website=armstrade.org}}</ref>
* {{SVK}} – 20 T-72M1, still in service at the end of 2018. Another 10 in storage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sme.sk/c/5976453/armada-posiela-vsetky-tanky-do-srotu.html|title=SME.sk – Armda posiela vetky tanky do rotu|author=SME – Petit Press, a.s.|work=sme.sk|access-date=13 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924131204/http://www.sme.sk/c/5976453/armada-posiela-vsetky-tanky-do-srotu.html|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{SSD}} – 96-101 units delivered in two shipments from Ukraine: first, 32 T-72 on the [[MV Faina|MV ''Faina'']] in 2009, and second, 67 T-72 in
* {{SUD}} – 70 T-72AV as of 2023.{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|pages=480-481}}
* {{Flag|South Ossetia}} — 10<ref>{{Cite web |title=Фоторепотраж с празднования 18-летия РЮО |url=http://osinform.org/8986-fotorepotrazh-s-prazdnovanija-18-letija-rjuo.html |access-date=2024-01-15 |website=АЛАНИЯинформ |language=ru}}</ref>
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=== Former operators ===
*{{flag|Republic of Artsakh}} − ~20 T-72AV/B and 1 T-72SIM2 as of February 2023,{{sfn|The Military Balance 2023|page=174}} seized by Azerbaijan following the [[2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Armenian separatists start surrendering weapons in Karabakh |url=https://mil.in.ua/en/news/armenian-separatists-start-surrendering-weapons-in-karabakh/ |website=Militarnyi |access-date=3 October 2023}}</ref>
▲* {{flag|People's Republic of Bulgaria|1972}} / {{BUL}} – 90 T-72M1/M in service as of 2025.<ref name=":2">IISS 2025</ref>
* {{CZS}} – About 1,700 T-72/T-72M/T-72M1s were produced between 1981 and 1990. The Czechoslovak army had 815 T-72s in 1991. All were passed on to the successor states in 1993:
{{Ordered list |list_style_type=lower-alpha
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| {{GER}} – 549 tanks taken from the GDR's army, all scrapped, sold to other countries or given to museums.}}
* {{FIN}} – Some 160–170 T-72M1s. About 70 T-72M1s (one armoured brigade) were bought from the Soviet Union and were delivered in 1984, 1985–1988 and 1990. A further 97 T-72M1s (including a small number of command versions T-72M1K and T-72M1K1) were bought from German surplus stocks in 1992–1994. All withdrawn from service in 2006. Scrapped in [[Jyväskylä]] or sold as spares to the Czech Republic. At least two Finnish T-72s are still in working order and have been used in showcases.<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/nGN7NLL8e7M Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20210319074117/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGN7NLL8e7M Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGN7NLL8e7M |title=Leopard 2 vs T-72M1 – Combat Demonstration [4K] – Armoured Division 75th Anniversaryv |via=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* {{flag|Chechen Republic of Ichkeria}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=Battle for Grozny, Volume 1: Prelude and the way to the city, 1994 |last=Sandler |first=Efim |publisher=Helion & Company |year=2023 |isbn=978-1-804514-81-8 |___location=Warwick |pages=30-31}}</ref>
* {{flaglist|Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant}} – Several were captured from the [[Syrian Arab Army|Syrian army]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2017/08/armour-in-islamic-state-story-of.html?m=1|title=Armour in the Islamic State – The Story of 'The Workshop'|website=oryxspioenkop.com|date=31 August 2017|access-date=20 May 2021}}</ref>
* {{
*
*
▲* {{flag|Polish People's Republic|1952}} / {{POL}} – 78 T-72M1/M1R and 206 [[PT-91 Twardy]], which is an improved variant of the T-72M1, as of 2025.<ref name=":2" /> 382 T-72 and 232 PT-91 as of 2019.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=UNROCA (United Nations Register of Conventional Arms) |url=https://www.unroca.org/poland/report/2019/ |access-date=2020-06-03 |website=www.unroca.org}}</ref> 2008 – 586 T-72M1 and T-72M1D, 135 T-72M1Z (T-72M1 upgraded to PT-91 standard), and 98 PT-91 in service<ref name="Militarium">{{Cite web|url=http://www.militarium.net/viewart.php?aid=411|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090909053847/http://www.militarium.net/viewart.php?aid=411|url-status=dead|title="MILITARIUM – Uzbrojenie Wojska Polskiego w 2008 r"|archive-date=9 September 2009}}</ref> 2006, 2007 – 597,<ref name="disarmament.un">{{Cite web|url=http://disarmament.un.org/UN_REGISTER.NSF/5cb8afbbb6536a298525647d00612b14/f828bbeb1ff68e068525749d007ef3ba?OpenDocument|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20100721214225/http://disarmament.un.org/UN_REGISTER.nsf/5cb8afbbb6536a298525647d00612b14/f828bbeb1ff68e068525749d007ef3ba?OpenDocument|url-status=dead|title=disarmament.un|archivedate=21 July 2010}}</ref> 2005 – 644, 2004 – 649<ref name="samez">{{Cite web|url=http://samez.tripod.com/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717103451/http://samez.tripod.com/|url-status=dead|title=Stan armii polskiej na dzień 7 June 2004|archivedate=17 July 2011}}</ref> More than 260 T-72s have been donated to Ukraine in 2022 with more in the next year.
[[File:Romanian T-72M tank.jpg|thumb|right|Ex-Romanian T-72M.]]
▲* {{flag|Socialist Republic of Romania|1965}} / {{ROM}} – 31 T-72Ms were bought from the USSR, and received between 1978 and 1979.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Opriș|first1=Petre |title=Achiziționarea de tehnică militară și muniții sovietice pentru Armata Română 1976 1979|url=https://amnr.defense.ro/webroot/fileslib/upload/files/Revista_Document/Revista_090_2020.pdf|year=2020|magazine=Buletinul Arhivelor Militare Române|number=90/2020|issn=1454-0924|page=93}}</ref> Withdrawn from service (in long-term storage), 28 tanks are for sale (23 of them need repairs and five are operational).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kH6TAWUst5EC&q=romanian+army+t-72+quantity&pg=PA141|title=The Diffusion of Military Technology and Ideas|isbn =978-0-8047-4535-2|last1=Goldman|first1=Emily O.|last2=Eliason|first2 =Leslie C.|year =2003|publisher=Stanford University Press }}</ref> In 2022 it was reported that Romania transferred their fleet of T-72s to Ukraine in response to the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/defense_news_april_2022_global_security_army_industry/romania_to_donate_t-72_main_batle_tanks_and_spare_parts_to_ukraine.html|title=Romania to donate T-72 main battle tanks and spare parts to Ukraine|website=armyrecognition.com|date=22 April 2022}}</ref>[[File:Romanian T-72M tank.jpg|thumb|right|Ex-Romanian T-72M.]]
* {{flag|Sierra Leone}} – In 1994 Sierra Leone acquired two T-72s from Poland via Ukraine (the vehicles were previously in Polish service). Another unspecified number of ex-Polish tanks was delivered to Sierra Leone in 1997 also via Ukraine (these vehicles also previously served with Poland).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Holtom |first1=Paul |title=United Nations Arms Embargoes Their Impact on Arms Flows and Target Behaviour Case study: Sierra Leone, 1997–present |url=https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/files/misc/UNAE/SIPRI07UNAESLe.pdf |publisher=SIPRI |date=2007}}</ref>
* {{
* {{USSR}} – Passed on to successor states:
{{Ordered list |list_style_type=lower-alpha
|
|
| {{UKR}} – 1,044<ref>{{cite web |url=https://yv-gontar.io.ua/s204760/voorujennye_sily_sssr_na_ukraine_v_1991_godu |title=Вооруженные Силы СССР на Украине в 1991 году (Russian) |work=Unknown |access-date=2018-05-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728131330/https://yv-gontar.io.ua/s204760/voorujennye_sily_sssr_na_ukraine_v_1991_godu |archive-date=28 July 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Soviet Armed Forces">{{cite web |url=http://www.ww2.dk/new/newindex.htm |title=Soviet Armed Forces 1945–1991 |work=Michael Holm |access-date=2018-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423043250/http://www.ww2.dk/new/newindex.htm |archive-date=23 April 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{TKM}} – 702{{citation needed|date=August 2025}}
| {{KAZ}} – 700{{citation needed|date=August 2025}}
| {{AZE}} – 325<ref name="Soviet Armed Forces" />
| {{ARM}} – 246<ref name="Soviet Armed Forces" />
|
| {{KGZ}} – 150{{citation needed|date=August 2025}}
| {{TJK}} – 44{{citation needed|date=August 2025}}
| {{UZB}} – 70{{citation needed|date=August 2025}}
| {{LTU}} – 398,<ref name="Soviet Armed Forces" /> all units transferred to Russia in 1993{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}
| {{LVA}} – 114,<ref name="Soviet Armed Forces" /> all units transferred to Russia in 1994{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}
| {{MDA}} – 0,<ref name="Soviet Armed Forces" /> no Soviet divisions stationed in Moldova fielded T-72s{{citation needed|date=July 2025}}}}
▲* {{flag|Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya|1977}} – 150 in 2003.<ref name="Militarium.net">{{Cite web |title="Militarium.net" |url=http://www.militarium.net/wojska_ladowe/t72.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203004559/http://www.militarium.net/wojska_ladowe/t72.php |archive-date=3 February 2009}}</ref>
* [[Tigray Defense Forces]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Oryx|title=The Tigray Defence Forces – Documenting Its Heavy Weaponry|url=https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2021/09/the-tigray-defence-forces-documenting.html|access-date=2021-09-03|website=Oryx Blog}}</ref> − Surrendered to the Ethiopian forces in the aftermath of the [[Tigray War]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Misikir |first1=Maya |title=Tigray Forces Start Handing Over Heavy Weapons as Part of Peace Deal |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/tigray-forces-start-handing-over-heavy-weapons-as-part-of-peace-deal-/6913979.html |access-date=11 January 2024 |work=Voice of America |date=11 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* {{YUG
==Variants==
{{more citations|section|date=August 2025}}
===Soviet Union and Russia===
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