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==Background==
[[File:Vue de l'isle et de la ville de Batavia appartenant aux Hollandois, pour la Compagnie des Indes (mirror correction).jpg|thumb|
The Dutch had been under French control for several years and were already at war with Britain. The strongly pro-French [[Herman Willem Daendels]] was appointed [[governor-general of the Dutch East Indies]] in 1807. He arrived in Java aboard the French privateer ''Virginie'' in 1808, and began fortifying the island against the British threat. In particular, Daendels established an entrenched camp named Fort Cornelis a few miles south of [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]]. He also improved the island's defences by building new hospitals, barracks, arms factories and a new military college.<ref name=Fregosi320>{{cite book|last=Fregosi|title=Dreams of Empire|page=320}}</ref>
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