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The '''Artillery Combat Command and Control System''' ('''ACCCS''')''',''' under '''Project SHAKTI''' ({{Lit|Power}}) is an indigenous, integrated, [[digitized]], networked [[command and control]] platform developed by the [[Indian Army]]'s Directorate General of Information Systems (Project Management Organization), in partnership with [[Bharat Electronics]], [[Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics|Center for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics]], and [[Armament Research and Development Establishment]]. ▼| name = Artillery Combat Command and Control System
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| type = [[Command and control]]
| origin = [[India]]
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| service = 2009–present
| used_by = [[Indian Army]]
| wars =
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| designer =
*Directorate General of Information Systems, Indian Army (Project Management Organization)
*Bharat Electronics
*[[Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics]]
*[[Armament Research and Development Establishment]]
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| manufacturer = [[Bharat Electronics]]
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▲The '''Artillery Combat Command and Control System''' ('''ACCCS''')''',''' under '''Project SHAKTI''' ({{Lit|Power}}) is an indigenous, integrated, [[digitized]], networked [[command and control ([[C4I]] ) platform developed by the [[Indian Army ]]'s Directorate General of Information Systems (Project Management Organization), in partnership with [[Bharat Electronics ]], [[Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics |Center for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics]], and [[Armament Research and Development Establishment ]]. <ref name=":8" /><ref name=":0" />
It is Indian Army's first Combat Command, Control, and Information (C3I) system. The ACCCS automates and supports decision-making for all operational facets, from the [[corps]] to the level of [[artillery battery]]. It is the central ___location for the [[Regiment of Artillery (India)|Regiment of Artillery]]'s fire power component, which is designed to seamlessly integrate with the C3I grid. The [[List of serving generals of the Indian Army#Heads of Combat and Combat Support Arms|Director General of Artillery]] [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]] KR Rao, and [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]] [[General (India)|General]] [[Deepak Kapoor]] received the ACCCS on 12 June 2009.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=12 June 2009 |title=SHAKTI dedication to Indian Army |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/newsite/erelcontent.aspx?relid=49161 |access-date=8 July 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |agency=Ministry of Defence, Government of India.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Artillery Combat Command Control System (ACCCS) |url=https://bel-india.in/product/artillery-combat-command-control-system-acccs/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |website=Bharat Electronics Limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-20 |title=Modernization of India's Artillery Regiment |url=https://www.lifeofsoldiers.com/2019/06/20/%ef%bb%bfmodernisation-of-indias-artillery-regiment/ |access-date=2025-08-06 |website=Life of Soldiers |language=en-US}}</ref> ▼
▲ItACCCS isprovides Indian Army's first Combat Command, Control,automation and Informationsupport (C3I)for system. The ACCCS automates and supportsoperational decision-making for all operational facets, from the [[corps]] to the level of [[artillery battery]]. It isserves as the centralnerve ___locationcentre for the [[Regiment of Artillery (India)|Regiment of Artillery]]'s fire power . componentOn June 12, which2009, isthe designedACCCS was handed over to seamlessly[[Lieutenant integrategeneral with(India)|Lieutenant theGeneral]] C3IKR grid. TheRao, [[List of serving generals of the Indian Army#Heads of Combat and Combat Support Arms|Director General of Artillery]] , and [[ Lieutenant generalGeneral (India)| Lieutenant General]] KR[[Deepak RaoKapoor]], and [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]] [[General (India)|General]] [[Deepak Kapoor]] received the ACCCS on 12 June 2009.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=12 June 2009 |title=SHAKTI dedication to Indian Army |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/newsite/erelcontent.aspx?relid=49161 |access-date=8 July 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |agency=Ministry of Defence, Government of India.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Artillery Combat Command Control System (ACCCS) |url=https://bel-india.in/product/artillery-combat-command-control-system-acccs/ |access-date=8 July 2025 |website=Bharat Electronics Limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-20 |title=Modernization of India's Artillery Regiment |url=https://www.lifeofsoldiers.com/2019/06/20/%ef%bb%bfmodernisation-of-indias-artillery-regiment/ |access-date=2025-08-06 |website=Life of Soldiers |language=en-US}}</ref>
The Command Information Decision Support System of the Indian Army, which is a component of the larger Tactical Command, Control, Communications, and Information (TAC-C3I) System, is connected to ACCCS.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Katoch (Retd) |first=Lt. General P.C. |date=14 February 2025 |title=SANJAY Battlefield Surveillance System |url=https://www.spslandforces.com/experts-speak/?id=1238&h=SANJAY-Battlefield-Surveillance-System |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=spslandforces.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-10-03 |title=TAC C3I - A shot in the arm for Indian Army |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/report/army/20051003.htm |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=Rediff |language=en}}</ref> It is further evolving into '''Artillery Combat Command Control and Communication System''' ('''ACCCCS'''), which makes use of [[artificial intelligence]], [[machine learning]], and [[Survey of India]]'s Defence Series Maps.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dutta |first=Amrita Nayak |date=2023-05-06 |title=Army working on multiple automation projects to aid decision making, effective logistics management |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/army-working-on-multiple-automation-projects-8594159/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Rahul |date=2023-05-06 |title=Army harnesses tech for battlefield supremacy |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indian-army-s-project-avagat-to-bring-multi-___domain-spatial-awareness-for-improved-battlefield-transparency-and-faster-decision-making-101683312630043.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240624004611/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indian-army-s-project-avagat-to-bring-multi-___domain-spatial-awareness-for-improved-battlefield-transparency-and-faster-decision-making-101683312630043.html |archive-date=2024-06-24 |access-date=2025-07-09 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en-us}}</ref> TAC-C3I is an important element of Indian Army's [[Command_and_control#Derivative_terms|Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Interoperability, Surveillance and Reconnaissance]] (C4I2SR) infrastructure.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Katoch (Retd) |first=Lt General P.C. |title=Build Capacity, Strengthen Interoperability |url=https://www.spslandforces.com/story/?id=189 |access-date=2025-08-01 |website=spslandforces.com |language=en}}</ref> ▼
▲TheACCCS is linked to the Indian Army's Command Information Decision Support System of the Indian Army, which is a componentpart of the larger Tactical Command, Control, Communications, and Information (TAC-C3I) System , is connected to ACCCS.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Katoch (Retd) |first=Lt. General P.C. |date=14 February 2025 |title=SANJAY Battlefield Surveillance System |url=https://www.spslandforces.com/experts-speak/?id=1238&h=SANJAY-Battlefield-Surveillance-System |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=spslandforces.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-10-03 |title=TAC C3I - A shot in the arm for Indian Army |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/report/army/20051003.htm |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=Rediff |language=en}}</ref> It is further evolvingdeveloped into '''Artillery Combat Command Control and Communication System ''' ( '''ACCCCS '''), which makesutilizes use[[Survey of [[artificial intelligenceIndia]] 's Defence Series Maps, [[machine learning]], and [[ Surveyartificial of Indiaintelligence]] 's Defence Series Maps.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dutta |first=Amrita Nayak |date=2023-05-06 |title=Army working on multiple automation projects to aid decision making, effective logistics management |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/army-working-on-multiple-automation-projects-8594159/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Rahul |date=2023-05-06 |title=Army harnesses tech for battlefield supremacy |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indian-army-s-project-avagat-to-bring-multi-___domain-spatial-awareness-for-improved-battlefield-transparency-and-faster-decision-making-101683312630043.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240624004611/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indian-army-s-project-avagat-to-bring-multi-___domain-spatial-awareness-for-improved-battlefield-transparency-and-faster-decision-making-101683312630043.html |archive-date=2024-06-24 |access-date=2025-07-09 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en-us}}</ref> TAC-C3I is an important element ofThe Indian Army's C4I2SR ([[Command_and_control#Derivative_terms|Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Interoperability, Surveillance and Reconnaissance]] (C4I2SR) infrastructure relies on TAC-C3I.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Katoch (Retd) |first=Lt General P.C. |title=Build Capacity, Strengthen Interoperability |url=https://www.spslandforces.com/story/?id=189 |access-date=2025-08-01 |website=spslandforces.com |language=en}}</ref>
== System ==
ACCCS performs tactical fire control, fire planning, deployment management to achieve maximum fire densities at important regions, operational logistics management, and technical control based on time and position accuracy. It can deliver hits at key locations with concentrated firepower and concentrate artillery firepower at the tactical scale.<ref name=":0" /> It is one of the most effectiveefficient operational information systems used byin the Indian Army, andwhich is alwaysconstantly being improvedenhanced.'''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-06 |title=Army working on mega surveillance system to get real time operational pictures |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/army-working-on-creating-battlefield-surveillance-system-for-composite-operational-picture-2375770-2023-05-06 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>''' TechnicalThe control based on time and ___location accuracy,updated tactical fire control, fire planning, deployment management to attain maximum fire densities at critical areas, and operational logistics management are accomplished by ACCCS. It can focus artillery firepower at the tactical scale and deliver hits at important positions with consolidated firepower.<ref name=":0" /> Components like the hand-held computer, the gun display unit, and anthe upgraded tacticalhandheld computer are manufactured by Bharat Electronics.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-06-09 |title=Army to induct first network-centric artillery system |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/latest-news/army-to-induct-first-networkcentric-artillery-system/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
TheAs of 2007, the project's hasestimated acost was {{INRConvert|36|b|-2}} price tag as of 2007. According to aA report dated 22from November 22, 2007, stated that ACCCS was experiencinghaving technical issuesproblems and that the project was running behind schedule. Help fromForeign abroadassistance has been sought to fix it. [[Bharat Electronics|BEL]] denied technical issuesproblems and informeddisclosed aboutthat the changeIndian inArmy qualitativehad requirements inchanged the middlequality criteria for computers and other subsystems byin the Indian Armymiddle. AsAccording per sources fromto [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defense]] sources, BEL purchasedbought outdatedold computers from [[Elbit Systems]] as a stopgap,temporary measure until indigenouslocal development was complete.finished, Forfor which, the Indian Army wantedrequested the upgradeupgrades. The American [[Army Battle Command System]] servedprovided asconceptual the foundationframework for Project SHAKTI.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Bulbul |date=2007-11-22 |title=INDIAN ARMY'S ACCCS PROJECT DELAYED |url=https://battle-updates.com/update/indian-armys-acccs-project-delayed/ |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=battle-updates.com}}</ref>
It was [[Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics|CAIR]] wasthat responsible for designingdesigned and developingdeveloped the corefoundational technology. TheBEL developmentwas andgiven productionthe task of developing and manufacturing computers and intelligent terminals that were connected as a [[wide area network]]. wasThe themain responsibilitysubsystems assignedare tothe BEL.gun Thedisplay artilleryunit, computerremote centeraccess terminal, battery computer, remoteand accessartillery terminal,computer andcenter. gunACCCS displayis unitremotely areconnected theto primary subsystems. Artilleryartillery control equipment, guided missile systems, and artillery gun fire control systems. areThe allbattlefield remotelycommander connectedand tomilitary ACCCS. These systemsheadquarters are then connectedlinked to thethese militarysystems. headquartersWith andhelp thefrom commander on[[Rosoboronexport|Rosboronxport]], the battlefield. The fire control system is developed by [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] withdeveloped assistancethe fromfire [[Rosoboronexport|Rosboronxport]]control system. The communicationACCCS fire control system, guidanceconsists systems,of andthree components: reconnaissance, systemsguidance, makeand up the ACCCS firecommunication control system. ItThe wasautomation anticipated thatof ACCCS would effectively boostincreased artillery firepower byof anIndian estimatedArmy by five times as a result of automationfold.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Bulbul |date=2007-11-22 |title=INDIAN ARMY'S ACCCS PROJECT DELAYED |url=https://battle-updates.com/update/indian-armys-acccs-project-delayed/> |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=battle-updates.com}}</ref>
AccordingAll [[Fire-control system|fire-control systems]] had to be compatible with Project SHAKTI, as required by the Indian Army's mandatedirective for artillery units tousing deploymounted Mountedgun Gun Systemssystems, theas per 2021 [[request for information]] proposal stipulated that the [[Fire-control system|fire control system]] must be compatible with Project SHAKTI.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-04-03 |title=Unsuccessful For 20 Years, Indian Army Again Hunts For Mounted Gun System For Artillery Units |url=https://www.eurasiantimes.com/after-repeated-failures-indian-army-floats-fresh-rfi-for-155-52-caliber-artillery-guns/ |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=eurasiantimes.com |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher|Pinaka]] andis thebeing recentlyintegrated inductedwith howitzersthe areACCCS, being integratedalong with the ACCCSnewly inducted [[Howitzer|howitzers]].<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Prasad |first=Lt. General K Ravi |date=2021-06-06 |title=The Arty Role On The Front Line |url=https://www.iadb.in/2021/06/06/the-arty-role-on-the-front-line/ |access-date=2025-08-06 |website=Indian Aerospace and Defence Bulletin |language=en-US}}</ref> InThe [[ATAGS (howitzer)|ATAGS]] is compatible with ACCCS in terms of technical fire control, fire planning, deployment management, and operational logistics management, the [[ATAGS (howitzer)|ATAGS]] is compatible with ACCCS.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-27 |title=Defence Ministry inks Rs 6,900-cr deal to buy towed artillery guns, vehicles |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/defence-ministry-artillery-guns-vehicles-9907831/ |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
== Upgrades ==
The Indian Army is workingpursuing onseveral ainitiatives numberto ofattain programsinformation todominance. achieveTo informationoperationalize supremacythe inenhancements allvia areas.a Thehigh-bandwidth secure network, the Army is establishingsetting up captive [[Data center|data centers]] throughout the nation, which will be fullycompletely operational by the end of 2023, in order to operationalize the upgrades over a high-bandwidth secure network.<ref name=":1" />
OnTo 20address Januarythe 2013,need thefor Indiannetwork-centric Armywarfare, receivedBEL delivered a new artillery combat and control system , dubbedcalled Shakti , fromto BELthe toIndian meetArmy theon [[network-centricJanuary warfare]]20, requirement2013. It will beserve the primary subsystem ofas TAC-C3I .'s Themain improved tactical computer, handheld computer, and gun display unit that make up Shakti are all connected viasubsystem. [[ fiberFiber-optic cable]], [[Landline|landlines]], or tacticaland radio networks . connect Shakti 's integratesenhanced tactical computer, handheld computer, and automatesgun artillerydisplay operatingunit. tasksShakti usinguses software that integratesinterfaces with the [[ GlobalGeographic Navigationinformation Satellitesystem|Geographic Information System]] and [[ GeographicGlobal informationNavigation system|Geographic InformationSatellite System]] . Shakti'sto primaryautomate responsibilitiesand includeintegrate calculatingartillery operational activities. Determining trajectories, handlingresponding to fire requests, managing ammunition, recommendingsuggesting gun deployment locationssites and observation posts for both offensive and defensive operations, providingdelivering ammunition and logistical support on timeschedule, and creatingdeveloping task tables, fire plans, and automatic gun program generation . BELare collaboratedamong withShakti's thekey functions. The [[DRDO]] and BEL worked together to developcreate the system software. NumerousIt userhas assessmentsundergone a thorough field evaluation trial, integration testing, verification and validation trials, and aseveral comprehensiveuser field evaluation trial have all been conducted on itassessments.<ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=20 January 2013 |title=BEL delivers new artillery combat system to Army |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/bel-delivers-new-artillery-combat-system-to-army-109061300065_1.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20230113172804/https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/bel-delivers-new-artillery-combat-system-to-army-109061300065_1.html |archive-date=2023-01-13 |access-date=2025-07-08 |work=[[Business Standard]] |language=en}}</ref> ▼
AAs of 2022, a project sanction order has been issuedgranted asunder ofDefence 2022Acquisition Procedure 2020 (Make II category) for the development of high frequency [[software-defined radio]] (HFSDR ) under Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020 (Make II category). The Indian Army plansintends to acquirepurchase 300 HFSDRs. It will enable long-distance radio communication andmake [[GIS]]-based [[blue force tracking]] and long-distance radio communication possible.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 November 2022 |title=Indian Army Approves Five make II Projects Providing Impetus to "Atma Nirbhaarta" |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1873674 |access-date=9 July 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |agency=Ministry of Defence, Government of India.}}</ref> As part of the Year of Transformation 2023, theThe Indian Army is updatingmodernizing the ACCCS with new [[Situation awareness|situational awareness ]] modules and extremely realistic Defense Series Maps as part of the Year of Transformation 2023.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-12 |title=Indian Army gears up to overhaul its network-centric battlefield, military logistics projects |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-indian-army-gears-up-to-overhaul-its-network-centric-battlefield-military-logistics-projects-3085063/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref> On February 6, 2025, a contract was signed by the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|MoD]] and Bharat Electronics for software improvements in Shakti.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 February 2025 |title=Aatmanirbhar Bharat: MoD inks contracts totalling Rs 10,147 crore with EEL, MIL & BEL for rockets of PINAKA Multiple Launch Rocket System to enhance Indian Army's firepower |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2100335 |access-date=30 July 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |agency=Ministry of Defence, Government of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-06 |title=Defence Ministry Signs Over Rs 10,000 Crore Deal For Pinaka Rocket System |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/defence-ministry-signs-over-rs-10-000-crore-deal-for-pinaka-rocket-system-7650280 |access-date=2025-07-30 |website=ndtv.com |language=en}}</ref> ▼
=== '''Project Sanjay ==='''▼
In order to complete the sensor-shooter grid by connecting it to the ACCCS, theThe Indian Army began workingpartnered with [[Bharat Electronics|BEL]] in partnership withand [[Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics|CAIR]] to design the Battlefield Surveillance System (BSS) ., Itwhich facilitatedwould connect the integrationsensor-shooter ofgrid numerousto sensorsthe andACCCS. establishIt 60made surveillanceit centerseasier forto theintegrate fielda formations.large Sensornumber dataof sensors and informationset areup integrated60 intofield formation surveillance centers. anAn all-encompassing system that facilitatesincorporates promptsensor data and information enables quick decision-making. ExtensiveIn validation of2022, BSS was conductedextensively acrossvalidated in plains, deserts, and mountains betweenfrom August andto October . With a success rate of 2022.more Itthan 95%, it satisfiedmet Indian Army's expectationsperformance withstandards. overBEL 95%was successawarded rate.the Thecontract to supply BSS to Army field formations along the northern and western borders would receive their deliveries by December 2025 , withunder BELBuy having(Indian) been granted the contractcategory. The originalinitial developmentestimate cost was estimated to beof {{INRConvert|2700|c|lk=on}} whichfor the development was later revised to {{INRConvert|2402|c|lk=on}} . It was developed under the Buy (Indian) category.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Army working on creating battlefield surveillance system for composite operational picture |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/army-working-on-creating-battlefield-surveillance-system-for-composite-operational-picture-1216347.html |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2023-05-09 |title=Project Sanjay: 'BEL meets Army's aspirations in entirety' |url=https://www.defencewatch.in/defence-news/project-sanjay-bel-meets-armys-aspirations-in-entirety |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=Defence Watch |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Peri |first=Dinakar |date=2023-05-05 |title=Army commanders to soon get real-time, comprehensive operational picture through automation initiatives |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/army-commanders-to-soon-get-real-time-comprehensive-operational-picture-through-automation-initiatives/article66817471.ece |access-date=2025-07-09 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> ▼
It was formally introduced by [[Minister of Defence (India)| Defense Minister of Defence]] [[Rajnath Singh]] officiallyon launched it onJanuary 24 January, 2025. In order to ensure accuracy, avoid redundancy, and create an integrated picture for tactical battle, thisThis automated system aggregatescombines and processes inputs from satellites, helicopters, [[UAVs]], air defense radars, [[Battlefield surveillance radar|battlefield surveillance radars]], [[Counter-battery radar|counter-battery radars]], long-range reconnaissance and observation systems, [[Thermal imager|thermal imagers]], [[Reconnaissance vehicle|reconnaissance vehicles]], and [[patrolling]] . Itto alsoguarantee looksaccuracy, atprevent depthredundancy, areasand thatproduce arean 200integrated kilometerspicture beyondfor thetactical boundariesbattle. FromIt Marchexamine toregions October200 2025,kilometers itoutside the international border. It will be incorporatedintegrated into [[Brigade|brigades]], [[Division (military)|divisions]], and [[corps]] between March and October 2025. TheA system includesgenerator, a communication control unit , a generator, a monitoring center, and multiplecommunication monitoring communication terminals are part of the system. ItBSS is highly mobile. It showsdisplays the military's strategic locations.places BSSused usesby [[AI]]the [[analytics]]military. toIn locateaddition andto evaluate the target and sendssending audio, video, content, and photosimages over [[Fiber-optic communication|fiber-optics]] as well as fast and secure [[ VHFHigh frequency|HF]], [[ High frequency|HFVHF]], and [[UHF]] hybrid networks , BSS uses [[AI]] [[analytics]] to find and assess the target.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=24 January 2025 |title=Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh flags-off 'SANJAY - The Battlefield Surveillance System' from New Delhi |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2095712 |access-date=9 July 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |agency=Ministry of Defence, Government of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mohan |first=Vijay |date=24 January 2025 |title=Army's new Battlefield Surveillance System to boost decision-making capability by integrating information from all sources |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/armys-new-battlefield-surveillance-system-to-boost-decision-making-capability-by-integrating-information-from-all-sources/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Tribune |language=en}}</ref> ▼
▲On 20 January 2013, the Indian Army received a new artillery combat and control system dubbed Shakti from BEL to meet the [[network-centric warfare]] requirement. It will be the primary subsystem of TAC-C3I. The improved tactical computer, handheld computer, and gun display unit that make up Shakti are all connected via [[fiber-optic cable]], [[Landline|landlines]], or tactical radio networks. Shakti integrates and automates artillery operating tasks using software that integrates with the [[Global Navigation Satellite System]] and [[Geographic information system|Geographic Information System]]. Shakti's primary responsibilities include calculating trajectories, handling fire requests, managing ammunition, recommending gun deployment locations and observation posts for both offensive and defensive operations, providing ammunition and logistical support on time, and creating task tables, fire plans, and automatic gun program generation. BEL collaborated with the [[DRDO]] to develop the system software. Numerous user assessments, integration testing, verification and validation trials, and a comprehensive field evaluation trial have all been conducted on it.<ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=20 January 2013 |title=BEL delivers new artillery combat system to Army |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/bel-delivers-new-artillery-combat-system-to-army-109061300065_1.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20230113172804/https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/bel-delivers-new-artillery-combat-system-to-army-109061300065_1.html |archive-date=2023-01-13 |access-date=2025-07-08 |work=[[Business Standard]] |language=en}}</ref>
'''Situational Reporting Over Enterprise-Class GIS platform (e-Sitrep)'''
▲A project sanction order has been issued as of 2022 for the development of high frequency [[software-defined radio]] (HFSDR) under Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020 (Make II category). The Indian Army plans to acquire 300 HFSDRs. It will enable long-distance radio communication and [[GIS]]-based [[blue force tracking]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 November 2022 |title=Indian Army Approves Five make II Projects Providing Impetus to "Atma Nirbhaarta" |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1873674 |access-date=9 July 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |agency=Ministry of Defence, Government of India.}}</ref> As part of the Year of Transformation 2023, the Indian Army is updating the ACCCS with new [[Situation awareness|situational awareness]] modules and extremely realistic Defense Series Maps.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-12 |title=Indian Army gears up to overhaul its network-centric battlefield, military logistics projects |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-indian-army-gears-up-to-overhaul-its-network-centric-battlefield-military-logistics-projects-3085063/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref>
TheWith e-Sitrep isfeatures tailored to the Army's operational requirements, featuringlike [[geovisualization]], temporal and dynamic querying, and analytics baseddepending on authorization levels ., Itthe wase-Sitrep deployedis incustomized to meet the Army's operational needs. In June 2023 , it was put into service.<ref name=":4" /> ▼The [[Ministry of Defence (India)|MoD]] and Bharat Electronics signed a deal on February 6, 2025, for software enhancements in Shakti.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 February 2025 |title=Aatmanirbhar Bharat: MoD inks contracts totalling Rs 10,147 crore with EEL, MIL & BEL for rockets of PINAKA Multiple Launch Rocket System to enhance Indian Army's firepower |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2100335 |access-date=30 July 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |agency=Ministry of Defence, Government of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-06 |title=Defence Ministry Signs Over Rs 10,000 Crore Deal For Pinaka Rocket System |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/defence-ministry-signs-over-rs-10-000-crore-deal-for-pinaka-rocket-system-7650280 |access-date=2025-07-30 |website=ndtv.com |language=en}}</ref>
=== '''Project Avgat (Army’s Own Gati Shakti) ==='''▼▲In order to complete the sensor-shooter grid by connecting it to the ACCCS, the Indian Army began working with [[Bharat Electronics|BEL]] in partnership with [[Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics|CAIR]] to design Battlefield Surveillance System (BSS). It facilitated the integration of numerous sensors and establish 60 surveillance centers for the field formations. Sensor data and information are integrated into an all-encompassing system that facilitates prompt decision-making. Extensive validation of BSS was conducted across plains, deserts, and mountains between August and October of 2022. It satisfied Indian Army's expectations with over 95% success rate. The Army field formations along the northern and western borders would receive their deliveries by December 2025, with BEL having been granted the contract. The original development cost was estimated to be {{INRConvert|2700|c|lk=on}} which was later revised to {{INRConvert|2402|c|lk=on}}. It was developed under the Buy (Indian) category.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Army working on creating battlefield surveillance system for composite operational picture |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/army-working-on-creating-battlefield-surveillance-system-for-composite-operational-picture-1216347.html |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2023-05-09 |title=Project Sanjay: 'BEL meets Army's aspirations in entirety' |url=https://www.defencewatch.in/defence-news/project-sanjay-bel-meets-armys-aspirations-in-entirety |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=Defence Watch |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Peri |first=Dinakar |date=2023-05-05 |title=Army commanders to soon get real-time, comprehensive operational picture through automation initiatives |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/army-commanders-to-soon-get-real-time-comprehensive-operational-picture-through-automation-initiatives/article66817471.ece |access-date=2025-07-09 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
OnIt aintroduces singlemulti-___domain GISspatial platform,awareness itby integratescombining inputsdata from thedifferent operational ___domain,domains logistics,on satellitea imaging,common topography,[[GIS]] andplatform. meteorologyThere towill introducebe multi-___domaina spatialgradual awareness.operationalization of Project Avgat will be operationalized gradually. DuringThe the firstinitial phase , it will combine operational ___domain inputs, specificintegrate logistical inputs, satellite imaging data, topographic inputs, and meteorological inputs . onThe asystem sharedwas platform.put Byinto lateuse 2023,by the systemend shouldof be completely functional2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-06 |title=Battlefield surveillance system to situational awareness module, Army working on number of key projects to transform itself: Sources |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-battlefield-surveillance-system-to-situational-awareness-module-army-working-on-number-of-key-projects-to-transform-itself-sources-3076211/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref> ▼▲[[Minister of Defence (India)|Minister of Defence]] [[Rajnath Singh]] officially launched it on 24 January 2025. In order to ensure accuracy, avoid redundancy, and create an integrated picture for tactical battle, this automated system aggregates and processes inputs from satellites, helicopters, [[UAVs]], air defense radars, [[Battlefield surveillance radar|battlefield surveillance radars]], [[Counter-battery radar|counter-battery radars]], long-range reconnaissance and observation systems, [[Thermal imager|thermal imagers]], [[Reconnaissance vehicle|reconnaissance vehicles]], and [[patrolling]]. It also looks at depth areas that are 200 kilometers beyond the boundaries. From March to October 2025, it will be incorporated into [[Brigade|brigades]], [[Division (military)|divisions]], and [[corps]]. The system includes a communication control unit, a generator, a monitoring center, and multiple monitoring communication terminals. It is highly mobile. It shows the military's strategic locations. BSS uses [[AI]] [[analytics]] to locate and evaluate the target and sends audio, video, content, and photos over [[Fiber-optic communication|fiber-optics]] as well as fast and secure [[VHF]], [[High frequency|HF]], and [[UHF]] hybrid networks.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=24 January 2025 |title=Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh flags-off 'SANJAY - The Battlefield Surveillance System' from New Delhi |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2095712 |access-date=9 July 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |agency=Ministry of Defence, Government of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mohan |first=Vijay |date=24 January 2025 |title=Army's new Battlefield Surveillance System to boost decision-making capability by integrating information from all sources |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/armys-new-battlefield-surveillance-system-to-boost-decision-making-capability-by-integrating-information-from-all-sources/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Tribune |language=en}}</ref>
=== '''Situational ReportingAwareness OverModule Enterprise-Classfor GISthe platformArmy (e-SitrepSAMA) ==='''
▲The e-Sitrep is tailored to the Army's operational requirements, featuring [[geovisualization]], temporal and dynamic querying, and analytics based on authorization levels. It was deployed in June 2023.<ref name=":4" />
SAMACreated isin apartnership comprehensivewith combatthe information[[Bhaskaracharya decisionInstitute support,For re-designedSpace as Army InformationApplications and Decision Support System, which is being developed in collaboration with the [[Geo-Informatics|Bhaskaracharya Institute Forfor Space Applications and Geo-Informatics]] and the [[Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology]], toSAMA provide commandersis a comprehensive picturecombat ofinformation thedecision battlefieldsupport bysystem that combiningcombines inputs from all operational and managerial information systems , such asincluding ACCCS, BSS, e-Sitrep, and MISO , to give commanders a complete picture of the battlefield. It was putused intofor usefield validation at the corps level in May 2023 . forSAMA corps-levelwas fieldoperationalized validation.first Theby the Army's [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command]] was the first to operationalize SAMA in June 2023.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-07 |title=Indian Army and MeitY unite forces for technological defence overhaul |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indian-army-and-meity-unite-forces-for-technological-defence-overhaul/articleshow/105801908.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-07-08 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> ▼▲=== Project Avgat (Army’s Own Gati Shakti) ===
▲On a single GIS platform, it integrates inputs from the operational ___domain, logistics, satellite imaging, topography, and meteorology to introduce multi-___domain spatial awareness. Project Avgat will be operationalized gradually. During the first phase, it will combine operational ___domain inputs, specific logistical inputs, satellite imaging data, topographic inputs, and meteorological inputs on a shared platform. By late 2023, the system should be completely functional.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-06 |title=Battlefield surveillance system to situational awareness module, Army working on number of key projects to transform itself: Sources |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-battlefield-surveillance-system-to-situational-awareness-module-army-working-on-number-of-key-projects-to-transform-itself-sources-3076211/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref>
=== '''Project Anumaan ==='''▼=== Situational Awareness Module for the Army (SAMA) ===
▲SAMA is a comprehensive combat information decision support, re-designed as Army Information and Decision Support System, which is being developed in collaboration with the [[Bhaskaracharya Institute For Space Applications and Geo-Informatics]] and the [[Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology]], to provide commanders a comprehensive picture of the battlefield by combining inputs from all operational and managerial information systems such as ACCCS, BSS, e-Sitrep, and MISO. It was put into use in May 2023 for corps-level field validation. The Army's [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command]] was the first to operationalize SAMA in June 2023.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-07 |title=Indian Army and MeitY unite forces for technological defence overhaul |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indian-army-and-meity-unite-forces-for-technological-defence-overhaul/articleshow/105801908.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-07-08 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref>
TheOn IndianNovember Army24, signed2022, a [[memorandum of understanding]] onwas 24signed Novemberby 2022,the Indian Army to assisthelp the [[National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting ]]|National inCenter gatheringfor observationsMedium alongRange theWeather northernForecasting]] borders and will obtain higher-resolution weathercollect predictionsdata along the Chinese frontiersborders.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-13 |title=Indian Army troops deployed near China border to get their own weather app |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence/indian-army-troops-deployed-near-china-border-to-get-their-own-weather-app/3086605/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref> AnThe Anumaan application for artillery operation was underdeveloped developmentto foroffer artilleryaccurate weather prediction along high-altitude operationsregions.<ref name=":1" /> For deployments along the high altitudes areas, it will provide precise weather forecasts.<ref name=":3" /> ItAdditionally, it will helpsupport inintelligence surveillancecollection and intelligence gatheringsurveillance. The Indiansoftware Armywill isbe planningmade toavailable releaseby the AnumanIndian appArmy on 19 May 19, 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Mayank |date=2023-05-14 |title=Indian Army gets 'Anuman' for accurate artillery firing |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/2023/May/13/indian-army-gets-anuman-for-accurate-artillery-firing-2574854.html |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> ▼▲The Indian Army signed a [[memorandum of understanding]] on 24 November 2022, to assist [[National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting]] in gathering observations along the northern borders and will obtain higher-resolution weather predictions along the Chinese frontiers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-13 |title=Indian Army troops deployed near China border to get their own weather app |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence/indian-army-troops-deployed-near-china-border-to-get-their-own-weather-app/3086605/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref> An application was under development for artillery operations.<ref name=":1" /> For deployments along the high altitudes areas, it will provide precise weather forecasts.<ref name=":3" /> It will help in surveillance and intelligence gathering. The Indian Army is planning to release the Anuman app on 19 May 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Mayank |date=2023-05-14 |title=Indian Army gets 'Anuman' for accurate artillery firing |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/2023/May/13/indian-army-gets-anuman-for-accurate-artillery-firing-2574854.html |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[Army Battle Command System]] - U.S. equivalent
== References ==
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