Cumberland Valley Railroad: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Early railroad in Pennsylvania, U.S.}}

[[Image:CVRR.jpg|thumb|400 px|right|Offices and station in Chambersburg, 1916 postcard]]

{{use mdy dates|date=September 2021}}

The '''Cumberland Valley Railroad''' {{reporting mark|CVRR}} was an early [[rail transport|railroad]] in [[Pennsylvania]], originally charted in 1831 to connect with Pennsylvania’s [[Main Line of Public Works]]. Freight and passenger service in the [[Cumberland Valley]] in south central Pennsylvania from near [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]] to [[Chambersburg, Pennsylvania|Chambersburg]] began in 1837, with service later extended to [[Hagerstown, Maryland]] and then extending into the [[Shenandoah Valley]] to [[Winchester, Virginia]].<ref name="HoFCPI">History of Franklin County Pennsylvania, Illustrated</ref> It employed up to 1,800 workers.<ref name="CVRRmarker1">Cumberland Valley Railroad Historical Marker - Behind the Marker</ref>

{{Infobox SG rail | gauge={{Track gauge|ussg|allk=on}}|

|railroad_name = Cumberland Valley Railroad|

|logo_filename =|

|logo_size =|

|marks = CVRR

old_gauge=|

|system_map = {{maplink-road|from=Cumberland Valley Railroad.map|from2=Mont Alto Railroad.map}}

marks=|

|image = CVRR.jpg

locale=[[Pennsylvania]], [[Maryland]], [[Virginia]] and [[West Virginia]]|

|image_size = 250px

start_year=1837|

|image_caption = CVRR station and offices in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania

end_year=1919|

successor_line|locale = U.S. states of [[Pennsylvania]], Railroad[[Maryland]], [[ConrailVirginia]] and [[West Virginia]]|

|start_year = 1837

hq_city=[[Chambersburg, Pennsylvania]]

|end_year = 1919

|predecessor_line =

|successor_line = [[Pennsylvania Railroad]]

|length =

|hq_city = [[Chambersburg, Pennsylvania|Chambersburg]], [[Pennsylvania]], U.S.

|map=[[File:Cumberland_Valley_Railroad_Route_Map_-_1919.png|center|250px]]

|map_name=CVRR route map in 1919

}}

The '''Cumberland Valley Railroad''' {{reporting mark|CVRR}}<ref>{{cite web| last1=Humphreys| first1=Ken| first2=Jesse| last2=Koski| title=Railroad Reporting Marks - Past & Present| website=Piedmont and Western Railroad Club| date=February 20, 2009| url=http://www.pwrr.org/rrm/| access-date=May 15, 2009}}</ref> was an early railroad in [[Pennsylvania]], United States, originally chartered in 1831 to connect with Pennsylvania's [[Main Line of Public Works]]. Freight and passenger service in the [[Cumberland Valley]] in south central Pennsylvania from near [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]] to [[Chambersburg, Pennsylvania|Chambersburg]] began in 1837, with service later extended to [[Hagerstown, Maryland]], and then extending into the [[Shenandoah Valley]] to [[Winchester, Virginia]].<ref name="HoFCPI">{{cite book| title=History of Franklin County Pennsylvania, Illustrated}}</ref>{{page needed|date=September 2021}} It employed up to 1,800 workers.<ref name="CVRRmarker1">Cumberland Valley Railroad Historical Marker - Behind the Marker</ref>

During the [[American Civil War]] the line had strategic importance in supplying Union troops in the Shenandoah Valley. It also ran the first passenger [[sleeping car]] in the U.S. on the Chambersburg-Harrisburg route in 1839.<ref name="BerlinMarker">Philip Berlin Historical Marker - Behind the Marker</ref><ref name="TIME1">{{cite magazine| title=St. Paul "Pullmans"| magazine=Time| date=June 6, 1927| url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,736765,00.html| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216124427/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,736765,00.html| url-status=dead| archive-date=December 16, 2008| access-date=2008-05-28}}</ref> The [[Pennsylvania Railroad]] (PRR) gained control of the CVRR as early as 1859, and officially purchased it on June 2, 1919. The PRR's successor, the [[Penn Central]], closed all railway facilities in Chambersburg in 1972 and its successor, [[Conrail]], abandoned major pieces of the line in 1981.

==Early history==

The [[Pennsylvania Railroad]] (PRR) gained control of the CVRR as early as 1859, and officially purchased it on [[June 2]] [[1919]]. The PRR’s successor, the [[Penn Central]], closed all railway facilities in Chambersburg in 1972 and its successor, [[Conrail]], abandoned major pieces of the line in 1976.<ref name="CVRRmarker1">Cumberland Valley Railroad Historical Marker - Behind the Marker</ref>

The Cumberland Valley Railroad Company was chartered by the Pennsylvania Legislature on April 2, 1831, to construct a railroad from [[Carlisle, Pennsylvania|Carlisle]] to a point on the [[Susquehanna River]] at or near Harrisburg. This charter expired, but it was renewed on April 15, 1835, allowing the road to be built from the Susquehanna River to Chambersburg. On June 27, 1835, [[Thomas Grubb McCullough]] was elected as the first President of the road, and in August, William Milner Roberts was selected as Chief Engineer.

The initial cost of building the road, including a bridge across the Susquehanna, was estimated before construction at $564,064, and the average annual receipts of the road at $284,617.50, calculated at 100&nbsp;passengers each way per day at 3&nbsp;cents per mile, and 35,000&nbsp;tons of through freight and 51,950&nbsp;tons of local freight, at 4½&nbsp;cents per ton per mile. $642,000 was raised by local stock subscription and construction began in the Spring of 1836.<ref name="HoFCPI"/>{{page needed|date=September 2021}}

== Early history==

The Cumberland Valley Railroad Company was chartered by the Pennsylvania Legislature on [[April 2]] [[1831]], to construct a railroad from [[Carlisle, Pennsylvania|Carlisle]] to a point on the [[Susquehanna River]] at or near Harrisburg. This charter expired, but it was renewed on [[April 15]] [[1835]], allowing the road to be built from the Susquehanna River to Chambersburg. On [[June 27]] [[1835]], [[Thomas McColloh]] was elected as the first President of the road, and in August, William Milner Roberts was selected as Chief Engineer.

The railroad opened for travel from White Hill, near Harrisburg to Carlisle in August, 1837, and through to Chambersburg in November, 1837. The first locomotive, built by [[William Norris (locomotive builder)|William Norris]] in [[Philadelphia]], had two driving wheels, wooden spokes, and was named "Cumberland Valley,"

The initial cost of building the road, including a bridge across the Susquehanna, was estimated before construction at $564,064, and the average annual receipts of the road at $284,617.50, calculated at 100&nbsp;passengers each way per day at 3&nbsp;cents per mile, and 35,000&nbsp;tons of through freight and 51,950&nbsp;tons of local freight, at 4½&nbsp;cents per ton per mile. $642,000 was raised by local stock subscription and construction began in the Spring of 1836.<ref name="HoFCPI"/>

The passenger cars carried 14 passengers each and were bought used from the [[Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad]], according to the 1887 "History of Franklin County Pennsylvania." The railroad track was constructed of cross ties laid {{convert|4.5|ft|m|sp=us}}apart without ballast, with {{convert|5|x|9|in|mm|abbr=on}} oak stringers serving as rails. Iron bar, {{convert|0.625|in|mm|sp=us}} thick by {{convert|2.25|in|mm|sp=us}} wide, was spiked to the top of the stringers. When service began to Chambersburg, the iron was not laid for the last {{convert|3|mi|km}} and the cars were run in on the wooden stringers.<ref name="HoFCPI"/>{{page needed|date=September 2021}}

The railroad opened for travel from White Hill, near Harrisburg to Carlisle in August, 1837, and through to Chambersburg in November, 1837. The first locomotive, built by [[William Norris (locomotive builder)|William Norris]] in [[Philadelphia]], had two driving wheels, wooden spokes, and was named "Cumberland Valley,"

The first [[Cumberland Valley Railroad Bridge]] across the Susquehanna was opened for travel on January 16, 1839. The first regular passenger service to Philadelphia, via the [[Harrisburg, Portsmouth, Mount Joy and Lancaster Railroad]], began on February 1, 1839, with the following schedule:

The passenger cars carried 14 passengers each and were bought used from the [[Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad]], according to the 1887 “History of Franklin County Pennsylvania.” The railroad track was constructed of cross ties laid {{ft to m|4.5}} apart without ballast, with 5x9&nbsp;in (127x229 mm) oak stringers serving as rails. Iron bar, {{in to mm|0.625}} thick by {{in to mm|2.25}} wide, was spiked to the top of the stringers. When service began to Chambersburg, the iron was not laid for the last {{mi to km|3}} and the cars were run in on the wooden stringers.<ref name="HoFCPI"/>

{{Quote|Leave Chambersburg at 4 o'clock in the morning; Arrive at Harrisburg at 8, at Lancaster at 12, at Philadelphia before 6 P.M.

Returning it will leave Harrisburg as soon as the cars from Philadelphia arrived, about 5 o'clock in the evening and arrive at Chambersburg at 10 P.M.<ref name="HoFCPI"/>{{page needed|date=September 2021}}}}

The railroad bridge across the Susquehanna was opened for travel on January 16, 1839. The first regular passenger service to Philadelphia, via the [[Harrisburg, Portsmouth, Mount Joy and Lancaster Railroad]], began on [[February 1]] [[1839]] with the following schedule:

{{cquote|

Leave Chambersburg at 4 o'clock in the morning;

Arrive at Harrisburg at 8,

at Lancaster at 12,

at Philadelphia before 6 P.M.

Returning it will leave Harrisburg as soon as the cars from

Philadelphia arrived,

about 5 o'clock in the evening and

arrive at Chambersburg at 10 P.M.<ref name="HoFCPI"/>}}

==Innovation==

[[ImageFile:SleepingCar1838.jpg|thumb|400 px|rightupright=1.2|The first American sleeping car, the "Chambersburg" started service on the CVRR in 1839]]

The Cumberland Valley Railroad pioneered the use of sleeping cars in the spring of 1839, a first on any American railroad, with a car named "Chambersburg." The berths were upholstered boards, in three rows, one above the other, held by leather straps, and in the daytime were folded back against the walls. A couple of years later a second car, the "Carlisle," was introduced into service.<ref name="BerlinMarker">Philip Berlin Historical Marker - Behind the Marker</ref>

Passengers traveling from Pittsburgh to Philadelphia traveled by horse drawn stage for 36 hours to get to Chambersburg, arriving about midnight, then left by rail about 1 am, arriving at Harrisburg about 5 am, in time to catch a HPMt.J&L train to Philadelphia.

“The"The History of Franklin County Pennsylvania”Pennsylvania" also claims that the first locomotive cab was constructed in the CVRR shops in Chambersburg in 1841 for a Franklin Railroad locomotive, named "Washington."

==Growth==

In 1839 the CVRR bought three locomotives for $21,250 and two passenger cars for $4,175, and ran two passenger trains and one freight train each day between Chambersburg and Harrisburg. They boasted that no passenger had been injured in the 2½&nbsp;years that the road had been operated.

[[Frederick Watts]] was elected the third president of the CVRR in 1841 and served in the post for 32 years. He reported that total annual earnings were $70,116.82 for 1842. By 1849, annual earnings were $101,084.77, and tonnage hauled was reported for the first time, totaling 37,439&nbsp;tons, including 7,818&nbsp;tons of flour, 5,126 of iron ore, 4,247 of coal, 2,123 of grain, and 2,237 of lumber. In that year plans were made to reconstruct the track with heavy iron rails.<ref name="HoFCPI"/>{{page needed|date=September 2021}}

In 1839 the CVRR bought three locomotives for $21,250, and two passenger cars for $4,175; and ran two passenger trains and one freight train each day between Chambersburg and Harrisburg. They boasted that no passenger had been injured in the 2½&nbsp;years that the road had been operated.

{{external media | width = 210px | float = right | headerimage = [[File:PioneerLocomotiveSmithsonian.jpg|210px]]The locomotive "Pioneer" | video1 = [https://www.c-span.org/video/?312190-1/bo-railroad-civil-war B&O Railroad and the Civil War], 19:15-20:30, [[C-SPAN]]<ref name="cspan1">{{cite web| title=B&O Railroad and the Civil War| publisher=[[C-SPAN]]| date=January 8, 2013| url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?312190-1/bo-railroad-civil-war| access-date=December 31, 2017}}</ref>}}

[[Frederick Watts]] was elected the third President of the CVRR in 1841 and served in the post for 32 years. He reported that total annual earnings were $70,116.82 for 1842. By 1849, annual earnings were $101,084.77, and tonnage hauled was reported for the first time, totaling 37,439&nbsp;tons, including 7,818&nbsp;tons of flour, 5,126 of iron ore, 4,247 of coal, 2,123 of grain, and 2,237 of lumber. In that year plans were made to reconstruct the track with heavy iron rails.<ref name="HoFCPI"/>

[[ImageFile:CVRRschedule1916Hagerstown RR Station 1937.jpg|thumb|295 pxupright=1.2|left|TheHagerstown 1916station, CVRRbuilt c. Timetable1883]]

In March, 1832, the Franklin Railroad was chartered by the Pennsylvania Legislature, and on [[January 16]], [[1837]], by the Legislature of Maryland. The road was built from Chambersburg to [[Greencastle, Pennsylvania]], in 1837, and to Hagerstown, Maryland in 1841. It owned its own steam locomotives, but these were sold about 1841, when the CVRR began operating the road. Horse power, rather than steam power, was used during the 1840s and 1850s. Ownership and operating rights changed hands several times, until 1860 when the track was rebuilt with heavy rails and the CVRR contracted to operate the track. In 1865 the two railroads were merged.

[[Daniel Tyler]] was hired in 1850 to supervise the line's rebuilding. He hired Alba Smith as superintendent of the machinery shop in 1850. Smith served as superintendent of the railway from 1851 to 1856, and helped introduce lighter-weight "single-wheel" locomotives on the line. These locomotives included the [[Pioneer (CVRR locomotive)|''Pioneer'']] and the ''[[Jenny Lind]]'', bought in 1851, and the ''Boston'' and ''Enterprise'' bought in 1853–54.<ref name="White">{{cite journal| last=White| first=John H.| title=American Single Locomotives and the "Pioneer"| journal=Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology| volume=25| year=1973| url=http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/HistoryTechnology/pdf_lo/SSHT-0025.pdf| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009044619/http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/HistoryTechnology/pdf_lo/SSHT-0025.pdf| archive-date=October 9, 2012| access-date=2007-07-18}}</ref> In 1999, the ''Pioneer'' was moved from its display at the [[Smithsonian Institution]] in Washington, D.C. to the as yet unopened [[National Museum of Industrial History]] in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. (The locomotive was later moved to the [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Museum]] in Baltimore, Maryland.)<ref name="Smith1">{{cite web| title=The Great Locomotive Switch: Moving Historic Locomotives| publisher=Smithsonian Institution| website=American History| ___location=Washington, D.C.| url=http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/locomove/| access-date=2007-07-18| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715071854/http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/locomove/| archive-date=2007-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title=The Great Locomotive Switch: The Pioneer (1851)| publisher=Smithsonian Institution| ___location=Washington, D.C.| url=http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/locomove/locoph.htm| website=American History| access-date=2007-07-18| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714150048/http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/locomove/locoph.htm| archive-date=2007-07-14}}</ref>

In October, 1862, the Confederate forces destroyed railway buildings in Chambersburg, and on [[June 15]] [[1863]], during the [[Gettysburg campaign]], they destroyed all company property in the town, and tore up five miles of Franklin Railroad. In July, 1864 Confederate raiders led by [[Jubal Early]] returned and burned the greater part of Chambersburg including most railroad property.<ref name="CVRRmarker1">Cumberland Valley Railroad Historical Marker - Behind the Marker</ref>

[[File:CVRRschedule1916.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The 1916 CVRR Timetable]]

During the 1870s feeder lines such as the [[Mont Alto Railroad]] were added in the Cumberland valley to gain access to iron ore deposits. In 1873 the railroad extended south from Hagerstown to the Potomac River.<ref name="HoFCPI"/> In 1889, it reached [[Martinsburg, West Virginia]] and [[Winchester, Virginia]], at the head of the [[Shenandoah Valley]].

In October 1862, the Confederate forces destroyed railway buildings in Chambersburg, and on June 15, 1863, during the [[Gettysburg campaign]], they destroyed all company property in the town, and tore up {{convert|5|mi|km|spell=in}} of Franklin Railroad. In July, 1864 Confederate raiders led by [[Jubal Early]] returned and burned the greater part of Chambersburg including most railroad property.<ref name="CVRRmarker1"/>

During the 1870s feeder lines such as the [[Mont Alto Railroad]] were added in the Cumberland Valley to gain access to iron ore deposits. In 1873 the railroad extended south from Hagerstown to the Potomac River, and reached [[Martinsburg, West Virginia]] via the Martinsburg and Potomac Railroad.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Pennsylvania Railroad Company: The Corporate, Financial and Construction History of Lines Owned, Operated and Controlled To December 31, 1945, Volume II Lines East of Pittsburgh|url=https://digital.hagley.org/islandora/object/islandora:2385984|access-date=2022-01-01|website=Hagley Digital Archives|language=en}}</ref> The [[Cumberland Valley Railroad Station and Station Master's House|Mechanicsburg Pennsylvania Railroad Station]] was built about 1875.<ref name="arch">{{cite web| url=https://www.dot7.state.pa.us/ce/SelectWelcome.asp| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722043452/https://www.dot7.state.pa.us/ce/Application/ASP/Security/Index.asp| archive-date=July 22, 2012| title=National Historic Landmarks & National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania| publisher=CRGIS: Cultural Resources Geographic Information System| format=Searchable database}} ''Note:'' This includes {{cite web| url=https://www.dot7.state.pa.us/ce_imagery/phmc_scans/H001158_01H.pdf| title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Cumberland Valley Railroad Station and Station Master's House| access-date=2012-01-21| first=Susan M.| last=Zacher| date=n.d.}}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> In 1889, the Martinsburg and Potomac's line was extended to [[Winchester, Virginia]], at the head of the [[Shenandoah Valley]], under the Cumberland Valley and Potomac Railway, to be operated by the CVRR. The Cumberland Valley was to have a junction with the [[South Pennsylvania Railroad]] in Newville, but the ambitious South Penn ran into financial difficulties during its construction and was never completed.

In June, 1882, the [[Shenandoah Valley Railroad (N&W)|Shenandoah Valley Railroad]] was opened from Hagerstown to [[Roanoke, Virginia]]. In conjunction with the [[Norfolk and Western Railway]] the CVRR operated the middle link of the New York-Harrisburg-Hagerstown-Roanoke, Va. passenger trains. Trains reportedly traveled at over 90&nbsp;mph on parts of this route.

In June 1882, the [[Shenandoah Valley Railroad (N&W)|Shenandoah Valley Railroad]] was opened from Hagerstown to [[Roanoke, Virginia]]. In conjunction with the [[Norfolk and Western Railway]] the CVRR operated the middle link of the New York-Harrisburg-Hagerstown-Roanoke, Va. passenger trains. Trains reportedly traveled at over 90&nbsp;mph on parts of this route.

==South Penn Branch Line==

The South Penn Branch was a line that connected the CVRR main line to an iron furnace near Cowans Gap. It left the line near Marion and went to Richmond Furnace, a distance of {{convert|26|mi|km}}. This route was one possible route for a cross-Pennsylvania main line, rejected in favor of the route along the Juniata River.

== Demise ==

[[File:CVRR NRHP Photo.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Cumberland Valley Railroad Station and Station Master's House|Mechanicsburg Station]], built c. 1875]]

[[File:RRMOP CVRR ext.JPG|thumb|upright=1.4|A combined passenger and baggage car, with particularly unusual side vestibule, built in 1855 in Chambersburg, now on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].]]

Regular passenger train service on the CVRR ended in 1952, the last New York-Roanoke train ran in 1961. The PRR's successor, the [[Penn Central]], closed all railway facilities in Chambersburg in 1972. Its successor, [[Conrail]], first renamed what had been known as the Cumberland Valley Branch with three names: Shippensburg Secondary Track (Harrisburg to PENNROAD, south-east of Shippensburg); Hagerstown Secondary Track (from the [[Reading, Pennsylvania|Reading]] junction north-east of Shippensburg, through PENNROAD, to TOWN and HAGER towers in Hagerstown); and Winchester Secondary Track. Conrail later (1979–1980) abandoned the southern half of the Shippensburg Secondary (from the west side of Carlisle to Shippensburg, including street-running trackage on Earl St. in the latter town), opting instead to use the Reading connection for freight trains. Instrumental in this realignment was the placement of a wye track at CAPITOL interlocking in Harrisburg. Conrail also abandoned the trackage on the western portion of the CV bridge in Harrisburg, leaving a wye for Amtrak to turn power. The Winchester Secondary was sold to a short line. The [[Lurgan Branch]] name, originally used by Conrail for the ex-Reading trackage that passed through Shippensburg to a connection with the [[Western Maryland]], was retained. [[Norfolk Southern Railway]] operates the trackage since the 1999 breakup of Conrail.

The planned [[CorridorOne]] commuter rail service between Harrisburg and Carlisle intended to use the old [[Cumberland Valley Railroad Bridge]]

Regular passenger train service on the CVRR ended in 1952, the last New York-Roanoke train ran in 1961. The PRR's successor, the [[Penn Central]], closed all railway facilities in Chambersburg in 1972 and its successor, [[Conrail]], abandoned major pieces of the line in 1976.

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

=== SourcesBibliography ===

{{Refbegin}}

*{{cite book | title=History of Franklin County Pennsylvania, Illustrated | place=Chicago | publisher=Warner Beers & Co. | year=1887 | url=http://d_cathell.tripod.com/cham.html | accessdate=2007-05-27}}

*{{cite book| title=History of Franklin County Pennsylvania, Illustrated| place=Chicago| publisher=Warner Beers & Co.| year=1887| url=http://d_cathell.tripod.com/cham.html| access-date=2007-05-27}}

*{{cite book | first=Paul J | last=Westhaeffer | title=History of the Cumberland Valley Railroad 1835-1919 | place=Washington,

*{{cite book| first=Paul J.| last=Westhaeffer| title=History of the Cumberland Valley Railroad 1835-1919| place=Washington, D.C. | publisher=Washington Chapter, National Railway Historical Society | year=1979}}

*[{{cite web| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061116222849/http://www.explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=640| archive-date=2006-11-16| url-status=dead| url=http://www.explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=640| title=Cumberland Valley Railroad Historical Marker| - website=Behind the Marker]}}

*[{{cite web| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216125522/http://www.explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=670| archive-date=2008-12-16| url=http://www.explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=670| url-status=dead| title=Philip Berlin Historical Marker| - website=Behind the Marker]}}

*{{White-Passenger-1978}}

*{{cite book | first=Jacob C | last=White | title=The American Railroad Passenger Car | place=Baltimore, MD | publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press | year=1978}}

*[{{cite web| archive-url=https://archive.today/20050906195005/http://broadway.pennsyrr.com/Rail/PRRPrr/Corphist/cvrr.html| archive-date=2005-09-06| url=http://broadway.pennsyrr.com/Rail/Prr/Corphist/cvrr.html| url-status=dead| title=Corporate Genealogy Cumberland Valley Railroad] accessed| access-date=June 2, 2007}}

*{{cite web| first=Christopher| last=Baer,| [url=http://www.prrths.com/PRR_hagley_intro.htm| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609012200/http://www.prrths.com/PRR_hagley_intro.htm| archive-date=June 9, 2007| website=Pennsylvania Railroad Historical and Technical Society| title=A General Chronology of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company Predecessors and Successors and its Historical Context] accessed| access-date=June 2, 2007.}}

*{{cite book| last=Wilson| first=William Bender| title=History of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company: With Plan of Organization, Portraits of Officials and Biographical Sketches| publisher=Henry T. Coates & Company| year=1895| pages=368–410| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qj9N-eWi71YC| via=Google Books}}

{{Refend}}

== See also ==

{{Portal|Trains}}

*[[CorridorOne]]

*[[Cumberland Valley Railroad Bridge]]

Line 90 ⟶ 96:

*[[Lurgan Branch]]

{{Former Class I}}

[[Category:Pennsylvania railroads]]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cumberland Valley Railroad}}

[[Category:Defunct Pennsylvania railroads]]

[[Category:Companies affiliated with the Pennsylvania Railroad]]

[[Category:Transportation in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]]

[[Category:Transportation in Franklin County, Pennsylvania]]

[[Category:Transportation in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania]]

[[Category:Former Class I railroads in the United States]]

[[Category:Predecessors of the Pennsylvania Railroad]]

[[Category:Railway companies established in 1831]]

[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1837]]

[[Category:Railway companies disestablished in 1919]]

[[Category:Defunct Maryland railroads]]

[[Category:Defunct Virginia railroads]]

[[Category:Defunct West Virginia railroads]]

[[Category:American companies established in 1831]]