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{{Short description|Civil parish in Wiltshire, England}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox UK place
|official_name= Winterslow
|static_image_name= Ivy Cottage, East Winterslow - geograph.org.uk - 874913.jpg
|static_image_caption= Cottage at East Winterslow
|coordinates = {{coord|51.094|-1.662|type:city(2000)_region:GB|display=inline,title}}
|os_grid_reference= SU2332
|label_position=left
|population= 2064
|population_ref= (in 2011)<ref>{{cite web|title=Wiltshire Community History – Census|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Census?communityId=253|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=29 July 2015}}</ref>
|civil_parish= Winterslow
|unitary_england= [[Wiltshire Council|Wiltshire]]
|lieutenancy_england= [[Wiltshire]]
|region= South West England
|country= England
|post_town= Salisbury
|postcode_district= SP5
|postcode_area= SP
|dial_code= 01980
|constituency_westminster= [[Salisbury (UK Parliament constituency)|Salisbury]]
|website= {{URL|https://winterslow.org.uk|Parish Council}}
}}
'''Winterslow''' is a [[Civil parishes in England|civil parish]] with a population of around 2,000, about {{convert|6|mi|km|0}} northeast of [[Salisbury]] in Wiltshire, England, and lying south of the [[A30 road|A30 London Road]]. It is sited on the [[Roman road]] between [[Old Sarum]] and [[Winchester]].
Settlements in the parish are the villages of '''West Winterslow''' and '''Middle Winterslow''', and the hamlets of '''East Winterslow''' and '''The Common'''.
==
The area has evidence of prehistoric settlements, including [[Bronze Age]] features<ref>{{National Heritage List for England entry|num=1013983|desc=Bell barrow, bowl barrow and section of hollow way 600m NNW of Long Orchard|access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref> and an [[Iron Age]] [[hillfort]] at [[Ashleys Copse|Ashley's Copse]], straddling the border with Hampshire in the northeast of the parish.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England entry|num=1001796|desc=Iron Age hillfort in Ashley's Copse|access-date=31 July 2015|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
Middle Winterslow lies along a [[Roman roads in Britain|Roman road]] which runs due west towards [[Old Sarum]].<ref name="wch" /><ref>{{cite web|date=1958|title=Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 map, sheet SU23|url=https://maps.nls.uk/view/95749869|access-date=16 October 2021|website=National Library of Scotland}}</ref> The three settlements (today's West, Middle and East Winterslow) are recorded in the 1086 [[Domesday Book]] as ''Wintreslei'',<ref>{{OpenDomesday|OS=XX0000|name=east-and-west-winterslow|display=East and West Winterslow}}</ref> meaning "Winter's mound or burial place".<ref name=wch>{{cite web|title=Winterslow|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Community/Index/253|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref>
The Winterslows developed as separate manors, with Middle Winterslow known for a time as Middleton.<ref name=wch /> As recently as 1958, the village around All Saints' church was named on maps as Winterslow, with West Winterslow adjacent to its southeast.<ref>{{cite web|title=SU23|url=http://maps.nls.uk/view/95749869|website=Ordnance Survey maps|publisher=National Library of Scotland|access-date=31 July 2015|date=1958}}</ref> On current maps and road signs, both areas are West Winterslow.
From the 17th century, the [[Winterslow Hut]] was a roadside [[coaching inn]] near Middle Winterslow. Later the Pheasant Hotel or Pheasant Inn, the business closed in 2007 and the much-altered building is now four dwellings.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Riddle|first=Annie|date=25 November 2009|title=Plan to turn hotel into homes|work=[[Salisbury Journal]]|___location=Salisbury|url=https://www.salisburyjournal.co.uk/news/4759060.plan-to-turn-hotel-into-homes/|access-date=6 March 2021}}</ref>
==Governance==
The civil parish elects a [[Parish councils in England|parish council]]. It is in the area of [[Wiltshire Council]] [[Unitary authorities of England|unitary authority]], which is responsible for all significant local government functions.
An [[Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom|electoral ward]] in the same name exists. This ward starts on the outskirts of Salisbury in the south west and stretches in a northeasterly direction to Winterslow. The total ward population taken at the [[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]] was 3,894.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ukcensusdata.com/winterslow-e05008421#sthash.vKIPfOHE.dpbs|title=Ward population 2011|publisher=Office for National Statistics|access-date=18 March 2015}}</ref>
==Religious sites==
=== Parish church ===
[[File:All Saints Parish Church - Winterslow - geograph.org.uk - 472222.jpg|thumb|All Saints' Church]]
The [[Church of England parish church]] of All Saints at West Winterslow dates from the early 12th century, but was largely rebuilt in 1849–51 by [[Thomas Henry Wyatt|T.H. Wyatt]], using coursed flint.<ref>{{cite web|title=Church of All Saints, Winterslow|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Church/Details/1057|access-date=6 March 2021|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council}}</ref> [[Nikolaus Pevsner|Pevsner]] writes that it is externally mostly Wyatt's work.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Pevsner|first1=Nikolaus|title=Wiltshire|last2=Cherry|first2=Bridget (revision)|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|year=1975|isbn=0-14-0710-26-4|edition=2nd|series=[[The Buildings of England]]|place=Harmondsworth|pages=592–593|authorlink1=Nikolaus Pevsner|orig-year=1963}}</ref> It has a small chancel, an aisled nave which was doubled in length by Wyatt,<ref>{{cite book|author=Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ivRIAQAAIAAJ|title=Churches of South-East Wiltshire|publisher=H.M. Stationery Office|year=1987|isbn=978-0-11-700995-0|page=229|author-link=Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England}}</ref> and a south porch with two-stage tower above, capped with a pyramidal tiled roof. Surviving 12th-century features are the east part of the nave the south aisle, as well as the simple tub font. The north aisle was added in the 13th century; the chancel is all Wyatt's, apart from the 13th-century chancel arch. The church was designated as [[Grade II* listed]] in 1960.<ref name="chlisting">{{National Heritage List for England|num=1299950|desc=Church of All Saints|access-date=6 March 2021|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
The pulpit is mostly 17th century.<ref name="chlisting" /> One of the six bells was cast by John Wallis in 1593; the others were recast by [[John Taylor & Co]] in 1910, when the peal was rehung.<ref>{{cite web|title=Winterslow|url=https://dove.cccbr.org.uk/detail.php?tower=10387|access-date=6 March 2021|website=Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers}}</ref> A 1918 window in the north aisle, in colourful [[Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood|Pre-Raphaelite]] style, is by [[Karl Parsons]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Winterslow All Saints – History|url=https://clarendoncofe.org/churches/allsaintswinterslow/history/|access-date=2021-03-06|website=The Clarendon Churches|language=en-GB}}</ref>
Eastern parts of the parishes of Winterbourne Dauntsey and Winterbourne Gunner were transferred to Winterslow parish in 1956.<ref>{{London Gazette
| issue = 40916
| date = 2 November 1956
| pages = 6187-6188
| nolink = y
}}</ref> Today the church is one of the Clarendon group, alongside eight others.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Winterslow All Saints|url=https://clarendoncofe.org/churches/allsaintswinterslow/|access-date=2021-03-06|website=The Clarendon Churches|language=en-GB}}</ref>
=== Others ===
A brick and flint [[chapel of ease]] dedicated to St John the Baptist was opened at The Common in 1860,<ref>{{cite web|title=St. John's Chapel School, Winterslow|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/School/Details/1149|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref> and is also part of the Clarendon group.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Winterslow St John|url=https://clarendoncofe.org/churches/stjohnwinterslow/|access-date=2021-03-06|website=The Clarendon Churches|language=en-GB}}</ref>
A [[Methodist Church of Great Britain|Methodist]] chapel was built at The Common in 1810; the present building dates from 1865.<ref>{{cite web|title=Winterslow Methodist Church|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Church/Details/1059|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref>
An [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical]] church, the Gospel Lifeboat Mission, was opened at Middle Winterslow in 1891. The present building is from 1979.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gospel Lifeboat Mission|url=http://winterslow.org.uk/index.php?page=gospel-lifeboat-mision|website=Winterslow village|access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref>
Winterslow [[Baptists Together|Baptist]] Church, at West Winterslow, is a [[tin tabernacle]] built in 1908.<ref>{{cite web|title=Winterslow Baptist Church|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Church/Details/1058|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Winterslow Baptist|url=http://winterslowbaptist.org/|access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref>
==Notable buildings==
Roche Old Court at East Winterslow, a former [[manor house]]<ref name="wch" /> and farm (named for the Roches family, tenants of an estate in the 14th century)<ref name="wch" /> was partly rebuilt around 1620 in red brick with stone quoins. The house has six bays and 18th-century additions, and is [[Grade II* listed]].<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1300012|desc=Roche Old Court|access-date=5 March 2021|fewer-links=yes}}</ref> A six-bay barn from the 16th century or early 17th is also Grade II* listed.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1130772|desc=Barn at Roche Old Court|access-date=4 March 2021|fewer-links=yes}}</ref> There is another Grade II* barn of similar age at Old Manor Farm, West Winterslow.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1130775|desc=Barn at Old Manor Farm|access-date=4 March 2021|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
Also near East Winterslow, Roche Court is a [[country house]] standing in parkland, built in 1804–5 to replace an earlier house, for Francis Thomas Egerton to designs of the London architect [[Charles Heathcote Tatham|C. H. Tatham]].<ref name="rochelisting">{{National Heritage List for England|num=1300004|desc=Roche Court|access-date=5 March 2021|fewer-links=yes}}</ref> The two-storey house in limestone ashlar at first had a four-bay front but three bays were added at the left side; the entrance has a [[tetrastyle]] [[Tuscan architecture|Tuscan]] portico. The house was designated as Grade II* listed in 1987.<ref name="rochelisting" /> The orangery<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1184695|desc=Orangery in east garden of Roche Court|access-date=4 March 2021|fewer-links=yes}}</ref> and garden loggia<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1318624|desc=Garden loggia in east garden of Roche Court|access-date=4 March 2021|fewer-links=yes}}</ref> are thought to be part of the original garden design, in the same period as the house. The stable block is also of 19th-century date.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1130771|desc=Stableblock, Roche Court|access-date=4 March 2021|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
[[Madeleine Ponsonby, Countess of Bessborough|Madeleine Ponsonby (''née'' Grand)]], who founded the New Art Centre in [[Sloane Street]], London in 1958, relocated the gallery to Roche Court in 1994 as the [[New Art Centre Sculpture Park and Gallery]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=About|url=https://sculpture.uk.com/about/|access-date=5 March 2021|website=New Art Centre}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Madeleine Lola Margaret Ponsonby (née Grand), Countess Bessborough|url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw114673/Madeleine-Lola-Margaret-Ponsonby-ne-Grand-Countess-Bessborough|access-date=2021-03-05|website=National Portrait Gallery|language=en}}</ref> Exhibition spaces have been added to the property, including a 1998 glass wall which links the house and orangery.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bradbury|first=Dominic|date=2020-03-17|title=This English Countryside Estate Has a Remarkable Array of Outdoor Art—and a Working Farm|url=https://www.galeriemagazine.com/english-countryside-estate-a-remarkable-array-of-outdoor-art/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=Galerie|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Roche Court Sculpture Gallery|url=http://www.marshallarchitects.co.uk/roche-court-sculpture-gallery/|access-date=5 March 2021|website=Stephen Marshall Architects}}</ref> Since 2005 the Roche Court Educational Trust, a charity,<ref>{{EW charity|4015383|The Roche Court Educational Trust}}</ref> promotes appreciation of sculpture and other arts among young people through visits to the park and by outreach.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Roche Court Educational Trust|url=https://rochecourteducationaltrust.co.uk/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=|language=en-GB}}</ref>
Kings Farm at West Winterslow is a largely complete example of a [[Cruck frame|cruck-frame]] [[Open hall-house|open-hall house]], built in 1460 and later altered and extended. It was designated as Grade II* listed in 2022 after its age was established by [[tree-ring dating]].<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1477853|desc=Kings Farm|access-date=26 February 2022|fewer-links=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2022 |title=Rare building with special historic interest given unusual Listed status |url=https://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/news/rare-building-with-special-historic-interest-given-unusual-listed-status |access-date=2022-02-26 |website=Wiltshire Council |language=en}}</ref>
==Notable people==
*[[John Roches]] (c.1333–1400), ambassador, MP and admiral, inherited a share in Winterslow manor through his mother.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ROCHES, Sir John (c.1333-1400), of Bromham, Wilts.|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member/roches-sir-john-1333-1400|access-date=2021-03-06|website=History of Parliament Online}}</ref>
*[[William Hazlitt]] (1778–1830), author and critic, wrote in a room at the Winterslow Hut; his wife Sarah owned a cottage at Middle Winterslow.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wu|first=Duncan|date=2009-04-02|title=William Hazlitt: The lion in Winterslow|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/william-hazlitt-lion-winterslow-6110139.html|access-date=2021-03-06|website=The Independent|language=en}}</ref>
*[[Robert Thistlethwayte]] (1690–1744), disgraced academic.
*[[Peter Bellinger Brodie (conveyancer)|Peter Bellinger Brodie]] (1778–1854, conveyancer) and his brother [[Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, 1st Baronet|Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie]] (1783–1862, pioneering physiologist and surgeon) were born here.
*[[Madeleine Ponsonby, Countess of Bessborough]] (1935–), art dealer, founder of New Art Centre, London, and Roche Court Sculpture Park and Gallery.
From at least 1955, Roche Court was the residence of Sir Geoffrey Ronald Codrington, a retired colonel in the [[Territorial Army (UK)|Territorial Army]].<ref>{{London Gazette
| issue = 33785
| date = 1 January 1932
| page = 4
| supp = y
| nolink = y
}}</ref> He was a [[Gentleman Usher]]<ref>{{London Gazette
| issue = 34376
| date = 2 March 1937
| page = 1407
| nolink = y
}}</ref> to [[George VI]] and [[Elizabeth II]],<ref>{{London Gazette
| issue = 44219
| date = 3 January 1967
| page = 87
| nolink = y
}}</ref> and [[High Sheriff of Wiltshire]] for 1955.<ref>{{London Gazette
| issue = 40433
| date = 18 March 1955
| page = 1609
| nolink = y
}}</ref> A tablet in the church, commemorating refurbishment of the chancel in 1975, bears the names of Codrington and his wife.<ref name="chlisting" />
==Amenities==
Winterslow CE Primary School, Middle Winterslow, serves the parish and nearby villages.<ref>{{cite web|title=Winterslow CE Primary School|url=http://www.winterslow.wilts.sch.uk/|access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref> It was built as a [[National School (England and Wales)|National School]] in 1856 and educated children of all ages until 1962.<ref>{{cite web|title=Winterslow C. of E. Aided Primary School|url=https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/School/Details/1147|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref>
At Middle Winterslow is a large modern village hall with a tennis court. There is one [[pubs|pub]]: the Lord Nelson at Middle Winterslow. The Lion's Head at The Common closed in 2018. There is a [[convenience store]] near the Lord Nelson.
The [[Clarendon Way]] long-distance footpath passes through Middle Winterslow and West Winterslow; its route along the Roman road is shared with the [[Monarch's Way]].
==Development controversy==
A housing development at Middle Winterslow was proposed in 2011<ref>{{cite web|title=Land at Middleton Road, Winterslow|url=http://data6.blog.de/media/531/5456531_51f5c3f4cd_d.pdf|publisher=Savills for Primetower|access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> and met with objections from some residents,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Harding|first1=Jill|title=WOOD campaign gathers pace|url=http://www.salisburyjournal.co.uk/news/9015513.WOOD_campaign_gathers_pace/|publisher=Salisbury Journal|access-date=30 July 2015|date=9 May 2011}}</ref> leading to part of the site – the 7.5 acre Brown's Copse – gaining protection in 2015 through classification as a [[village green]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 March 2017|title=Plans lodged to build 46 homes and create village green|url=https://www.salisburyjournal.co.uk/news/15186086.plans-lodged-to-build-46-homes-and-create-village-green/|access-date=2021-03-06|website=Salisbury Journal|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Kemble|first1=Elizabeth|title=Farmer close to victory after £20,000 battle to keep his land|url=http://www.salisburyjournal.co.uk/news/12928709.Farmer_close_to_victory_after___20_000_battle_to_keep_his_land/?ref=ms|publisher=Salisbury Journal|date=2 May 2015}}</ref> A plan to build 46 houses was submitted in 2017 and withdrawn after meeting local opposition.<ref>{{Cite web|date=March 2017|title=Planning application 17/02002/OUT|url=https://planning.wiltshire.gov.uk/Northgate/PlanningExplorer/Generic/StdDetails.aspx?PT=Planning%20Applications%20On-Line&TYPE=PL/PlanningPK.xml&PARAM0=873270&XSLT=/Northgate/PlanningExplorer/SiteFiles/Skins/Wiltshire/xslt/PL/PLDetails.xslt&FT=Planning%20Application%20Details&PUBLIC=Y&XMLSIDE=/Northgate/PlanningExplorer/SiteFiles/Skins/Wiltshire/Menus/PL.xml&DAURI=PLANNING|access-date=6 March 2021|website=Wiltshire Council}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commons category-inline}}
*[https://www.winterslow.org.uk/ Winterslow village website]
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Civil parishes in Wiltshire]]
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