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{{Short description|Buddhist Monastery in Elista, Russia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox monastery
| name = Geden Sheddup Choikorling
| native_name = Сәкүсн-сүм
| native_name_lang = xal
| image = Geden Sheddup Choikorling.jpg
| alt = Geden Sheddup Choikorling
| caption =
| full =
| other_names = {{plainlist|
*{{langx|ru|Сякюсн-сюме|translit=Syakyusn-syume}}
*{{langx|xal-RU|Сәкүсн-сүм|translit=Säküsn-süm}} ("Guardian Temple")
}}
| order = [[Gelug]]
| denomination = [[Buddhism]]
| established = 1996
| disestablished =
| reestablished =
| mother = [[Burkhan Bakshin Altan Sume]]
| dedication =
| dedicated date =
| consecrated date =
| celebration =
| archdiocese =
| diocese =
| churches =
| founder = [[14th Dalai Lama]]
| abbot = <!-- or | abbess = -->
| prior = <!-- or | prioress = -->
| archbishop =
| bishop =
| archdeacon =
| people =
| status =
| functional_status =
| heritage_designation =
| designated_date =
| architect = {{langx|ru|Владимир Бадмаевич Гиляндиков|translit=Vladimir Badmaevich Gilyandikov}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://buddhist.ru/buddhist-news/site/7440-vstrecha-s-avtorom-proekta-byv |title=Встреча с автором проекта бывшего главного хурула Калмыкии Сякюсн-Сюме Владимиром Гиляндиковым |first=Валерий |last=Павлов|date=2016-04-18 |access-date=2025-10-16}}</ref>
| style = [[Tibetan Buddhist architecture]]
| groundbreaking =
| completed_date =
| construction_cost =
| closed_date =
| ___location = 6 km from [[Elista]], near the village {{ill|Arshan, Republic of Kalmykia|ru|Аршан (Калмыкия)}}
| country = [[Russia]]
| map_type = Russia Kalmykia
| coordinates = {{coord|46|17|17.29497|N|44|13|26.36033|E|region:RU_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| oscoor =
| remains =
| public_access = Yes
| other_info =
| website =
}}
'''Geden Sheddup Choikorling
Geden Sheddup Choikorling is a Tibetan name, translated as "A Holy Abode for Theory and Practice of the School of [[Gelug]]pa". This name was given to the monastery by [[Tenzin Gyatso|the 14th Dalai Lama]] who also chose its ___location – on the steppes just outside the Republic's capital city, [[Elista]], during his first visit to the Republic in the summer of 1991. It contains a statue of the [[Sakyamuni]] Buddha.<ref name="LabourdetteCollectif2011">{{cite book|last1=Labourdette|first1=Jean-Paul|last2=Auzias|first2=Dominique|title=Russie|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JYbc0FdBSnUC&pg=PA442|year=2011|publisher=Petit Futé|isbn=978-2-7469-4920-1|page=442}}</ref>
The monastery is located just outside the city and is surrounded by the [[steppe]].
==History==
The construction site to the south of [[Elista]] was not chosen by chance. The question of building a Kalmyk [[Khurul]] (Buddhist monastery- temple) in the city was raised in February 1989 at a meeting of the Khurul Council. At that time, several places were proposed for the construction of the khurul within the city of Elista and beyond. The khurul was supposed to become a center of spiritual education, first and foremost, and this required a sufficiently large area for the construction of educational buildings, so one of the determining factors for choosing a plot of land for the construction of a khurul was the availability of a large free area. As a result, it was decided to build a temple outside the city limits near the village of [[Arshan]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://khurul.ru/?p=252 |script-title=ru:Как все начиналось — ВЫБОР МЕСТА |trans-title=How everything began — SELECTION OF LOCATION |access-date=2012-02-10 |archive-date=2013-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318092455/http://khurul.ru/?p=252 }}</ref>
The construction site was consecrated by the 14th Dalai Lama during his second visit to Kalmykia in September 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://khurul.ru/?p=717 |script-title=ru:Второй визит Его Святейшества Далай-ламы XIV |trans-title=Second visit of His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama|access-date=2012-02-10 |archive-date=2012-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517050922/http://khurul.ru/?p=717 }}</ref> The construction of the temple took four years and was funded by donations from the inhabitants of the republic and the personal funds of the first President of Kalmykia [[Kirsan Ilyumzhinov]]. The building itself was erected in one year.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.spektr.info/articles/religiya/75 |script-title=ru:Сякюсн-Сюме |trans-title=Syakyusn-Syume |access-date=2012-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111145550/http://www.spektr.info/articles/religiya/75/ |archive-date=2011-11-11 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.forbes.ru/forbeslife/blagotvoritelnost/292923-kirsan-ilyumzhinov-esli-lyudi-veryat-v-boga-khorosho-poluchite-b |script-title=ru:Кирсан Илюмжинов: «Если люди верят в Бога, хорошо — получите Бога» |trans-title=Kirsan Ilyumzhinov: "If people believe in God, fine - they can have God"|access-date=2023-01-29 }}</ref>
The khurul was solemnly opened on 5 October 1996. It used to be the largest Buddhist monastery on the territory of Kalmykia until the construction of the [[Burkhan Bakshin Altan Sume]] in 2005.<ref name=vetert>{{Cite web |url=http://vetert.ru/rossiya/elista/sights/66-syakusn-sume.php |script-title=ru:Хурул «Сякюсн-сюме» |trans-title=Khurul "Syakyusn-Syume"|access-date=2012-02-10 |archive-date=2012-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526015142/http://vetert.ru/rossiya/elista/sights/66-syakusn-sume.php}}</ref>
The ceremony of consecrating of the khurul — ({{langx|ru|раднэ|radne}}) — was performed by the [[14th Dalai Lama]] during his third visit to Kalmykia on 1 December 2004. It is the performance of the {{Transliteration|ru|radne}} ceremony in particular that establishes the khurul as a real abode of deities.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://khurul.ru/?p=720 |script-title=ru:Третий визит Его Святейшества Далай-ламы XIV |trans-title=Third visit of His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama|access-date=2012-02-10 |archive-date=2012-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517044457/http://khurul.ru/?p=720 }}</ref>
==Exterior appearance==
{{Commons category|Syakyusn-Syume}}
The temple was built according to the design of the architect V. Gilyandikov. The appearance of the temple is made in the [[Tibetan Buddhist architecture|Tibetan style]] and complemented by
*sculptures by {{ill|Vladimir Vaskin|ru|Васькин, Владимир Савельевич}} and P. Usuntsynov,
*paintings by A. Povaev, G. Nurova, D. Vaskina, E. Manzheeva, and
*wood carvings and cult symbols by N. Galushkin and V. Kuberlinov.<ref name=vetert />
The temple is 20 m high, 24 m long, and 19 m wide. The lower part is made in the style typical of Tibetan monasteries, the upper part is made in the traditional style of an eastern two-tier [[pagoda]]. The pediment of the facade of the temple is decorated with a sculpture of [[Dharmachakra]] — the Wheel of Teaching. On the sides, there are two [[European fallow deer|fallow deer]], the listeners of the first sermon of [[Buddha]].<ref name=Gorod-Elista>{{Cite web |url=http://gorod-elista.ru/www/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=449%3A2010-06-29-05-35-59&catid=38&Itemid=89 |script-title=ru:Сякюсн-Сюме |trans-title=Syakyusn-Syume |access-date=2012-02-10 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304133930/http://gorod-elista.ru/www/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=449:2010-06-29-05-35-59&catid=38&Itemid=89 }}</ref>
At the entrance to the temple, there are [[prayer wheel]]s ({{langx|xal-RU|кюрдэ|translit=kyurde}}) that rotate clockwise when entering and exiting. On the territory of the Geden Sheddup Choikorling Monastery, there are, in addition to the syume, a house for [[lama]]s, and three [[Stupa|suburgans]].
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
![[File:GShCh2.jpg|thumb|250px|center|alt=Alley of roses leading up to the monastery|Alley of roses]]
![[File:GShCh3.jpg|thumb|250px|center|alt=Prayer wheels called Kyurde in Kalmyk language|Prayer wheels "Kyurde"]]
![[File:GShCh4.jpg|thumb|250px|center|alt=Keeper of secrets|Keeper of secrets]]
|}
==Interior==
On the ground floor there are
*a vestibule with three entrance doors (mandatory attributes above the entrance are fallow deer, and [[Lokapala]]s on the doors),
*a large prayer hall,
*an altar, and
*a large [[Gilding|gilded]] statue of [[Sakyamuni]] Buddha (3.5 m high) in the center of the altar by sculptor {{ill|Vladimir Vaskin|ru|Васькин, Владимир Савельевич}}.
The Buddha is sitting in a [[lotus position]]. He is holding a bowl — [[Ōryōki|''patra'']] — in his left hand, while his right hand is lowered in a [[Mudra|traditional gesture]]. The hair being put up into a [[Ushnisha]] bun, elongated earlobes, and a [[Urna]] (in the form of a large precious stone) are the features of the Enlightened One. In the center hangs the banner of [[Dhvaja|Geoltsin]] — a symbol of Buddha Sakyamuni's victory over the five senses.
The wall paintings were made in accordance with the traditional Buddhist canons of temple painting. To the left and right of the Buddha statue, there are panels with images of deities: on the left — deities that give longevity — the red [[Amitābha|Amitayus]], [[Tara (Buddhism)|White Tara]] and [[Usnisavijaya]]; on the right — the four-armed [[Avalokiteśvara]], the [[bodhisattva]] of compassion, [[Vajrapani]], the guardian of faith, the patron of the [[Mongolian people]]s, and [[Manjushri]], the bodhisattva of wisdom.
In the prayer part in the center, [[Je Tsongkhapa|Tsongkhapa]] is depicted with two students — [[Gyaltsab Je|Gyaltsab]] and [[Khedrup Gelek Pelzang, 1st Panchen Lama|Khedrup]]. He has lotus flowers in his hands, on which lie the attributes of Manjushri. The coming Buddha [[Maitreya]] is depicted at the top. At the bottom, on the right, is a monk with fans and other attributes of faith. The figures are connected with each other by white-pink clouds. In the depths of the altar part of the temple, there are statues of the main deities of the Buddhist pantheon: the [[Tara (Buddhism)#As a saviouress|Tara]]s — the merciful helpers of the bodhisattva [[Avalokiteśvara]], the figures of the guardians of faith.<ref name=Gorod-Elista />
The second floor includes a library, rooms for meditation, and private reception rooms.
==See also==
*[[Khurul]] — the [[Kalmyk Oirat|Kalmyk]] term for Buddhist monasteries
*[[Buddhism in Kalmykia]]
*[[Buddhism in Russia]]
*[[Burkhan Bakshin Altan Sume]] — central ''khurul'' of Kalmykia
==References==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Syakyusn-Syume}}
{{clear}}
{{Culture of Russia by federal subject (categories)|state=collapsed}}
{{Russia topics|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Buddhist monasteries in Russia]]
[[Category:Gelug monasteries]]
[[Category:Buddhism in Kalmykia]]
[[Category:Buddhist temples in Russia]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Elista]]
[[Category:1996 establishments in Russia]]
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