Susan Helms: differenze tra le versioni

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{{T|lingua=inglese|argomento=biografie|data=febbraio 2007}}

{{Astronauta

|nome= Susan Helms

|tipo= Astronauta della [[NASA]]

|nazionalita= {{USA}}

|status= Ritirata

|scelta= 1990 ([[NASA Astronaut Group 13|Gruppo 13 NASA]])

|primo_lancio=13 gennaio 1993

|ultimo_atterraggio= 22 agosto 2001

|altra_occupazione= Ingegnere

|N_EVA= 1

|durata_EVA= 8h 56m

|missioni=

|ritiro = Luglio 2002

}}

{{Bio

|Nome = Susan Jane

Riga 8 ⟶ 22:

|GiornoMeseNascita = 26 febbraio

|AnnoNascita = 1958

|LuogoMorte =

|GiornoMeseMorte =

|AnnoMorte =

|Epoca = 1900

|Attività = astronauta

|Epoca2 = 2000

|Attività = ex astronauta

|Nazionalità = statunitense

|Immagine = Susan Helms.jpg

|Didascalia = Susan Helms

}}

Helms è stata un membro dell'equipaggio di quattro missioni dello [[Space Shuttle]] e ha soggiornato presso la [[Stazione spaziale internazionale]] per circa cinque mesi nel [[2001]]. Durante tale soggiorno (nell'[[Expedition 2]]), lei e [[James Voss]] condussero [[attività extraveicolare]] per 8 ore e 56 minuti, a quella data la più lunga mai effettuata<ref>{{cita web | lingua = en | url = https://www.nasa.gov/lb/centers/johnson/news/shuttle/sts-102/STS-102-07.html | titolo = STS-102 Mission Control Center Status Report # 7 | editore = NASA | accesso = 4 maggio 2019 | urlarchivio = https://web.archive.org/web/20061014185424/http://www1.nasa.gov/lb/centers/johnson/news/shuttle/sts-102/STS-102-07.html | dataarchivio = 14 ottobre 2006 | urlmorto = sì }}</ref>. Nel 2006 è diventata ufficiale comandante del ''45º Space Wing'' ubicato nella ''Patrick Air Force Base''.<ref>{{cita web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/helms_susan.pdf|titolo=Biografia sul sito della NASA|data=2012|accesso=14 maggio 2023|lingua=en}}</ref>

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Susan is a [[Brigadier General]] in the [[United States Air Force]]. She was a crew member on four [[Space Shuttle]] missions and was a resident of the [[International Space Station]] for over five months in 2001.

== Onorificenze ==

==Personal data==

=== Onorificenze statunitensi ===

Born [[February 26]], [[1958]], in [[Charlotte, North Carolina]], but considers [[Portland, Oregon]], to be her hometown. She enjoys [[piano]] and other musical activities, [[jogging]], traveling, reading, [[computers]], and [[cooking]]. Her parents, Lt. Col. (Ret., USAF) Pat and Dori Helms, reside in [[Albuquerque, New Mexico]]. Susan has three sisters.

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=US Defense Superior Service Medal ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Defense Superior Service Medal con due foglie di quercia

|collegamento_onorificenza=Defense Superior Service Medal

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Us legion of merit legionnaire rib.png

|nome_onorificenza=Legionario della Legion of Merit con tre foglie di quercia

|collegamento_onorificenza=Legion of Merit

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Defense Meritorious Service ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Defense Meritorious Service Medal con due foglie di quercia

|collegamento_onorificenza=Defense Meritorious Service Medal

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Meritorious Service ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Meritorious Service Medal con foglia di quercia

|collegamento_onorificenza=Meritorious Service Medal

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Air Force Commendation ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Air Force Commendation Medal

|collegamento_onorificenza=Commendation Medal

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Outstanding Unit ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Air Force Outstanding Unit Award con tre foglie di quercia

|collegamento_onorificenza=Air Force Outstanding Unit Award

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Organizational Excellence ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Organizational Excellence Award con tre foglie di quercia

|collegamento_onorificenza=Organizational Excellence Award

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=National Defense Service Medal con stella di servizio

|collegamento_onorificenza=National Defense Service Medal

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Global War on Terrorism Service Medal ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Global War on Terrorism Service Medal

|collegamento_onorificenza=Global War on Terrorism Service Medal

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Armed Forces Service Medal ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Armed Forces Service Medal

|collegamento_onorificenza=Armed Forces Service Medal

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=U.S. Air Force Overseas Long Tour Service Ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Air Force Overseas Service Ribbon

|collegamento_onorificenza=Overseas Service Ribbon

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Air Force Longevity Service ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Air Force Longevity Service Award con foglia di quercia d'argento e due foglie di quercia di bronzo

|collegamento_onorificenza=Air Force Longevity Service Award

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=USAF Marksmanship ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Small Arms Expert Marksmanship Ribbon

|collegamento_onorificenza=Marksmanship Ribbon

|motivazione=

}}

{{Onorificenze

|immagine=Air Force Training Ribbon.svg

|nome_onorificenza=Air Force Training Ribbon

|collegamento_onorificenza=Air Force Training Ribbon

|motivazione=

}}

=== Onorificenze straniere ===

==Education==

{{Onorificenze

* 1976: Graduated from Parkrose Senior High School, Portland, Oregon

|immagine=Medal For Merit in an Space Exploration (Russia 2010) ribbon.svg

* 1980: Received a bachelor of science degree in [[aeronautical engineering]] from the [[United States Air Force Academy]]

|nome_onorificenza=Medaglia per i contributi alla conquista dello spazio (Russia)

* 1985; Received a master of science degree in [[aeronautics]]/[[astronautics]] from [[Stanford University]]

|collegamento_onorificenza=Medaglia per i contributi alla conquista dello spazio

|motivazione=

==Organizations==

}}

* [[Women Military Aviators]]

* U.S. Air Force Academy Association of Graduates

* [[Stanford Alumni Association]]

* Association of Space Explorers

* Sea/Space Symposium

* [[Chi Omega|Chi Omega Sorority]]

==Experience==

Helms graduated from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1980. She received her commission and was assigned to [[Eglin Air Force Base]], [[Florida]], as an [[F-16]] weapons separation engineer with the Air Force Armament Laboratory. In 1982, she became the lead engineer for [[F-15]] weapons separation. In 1984, she was selected to attend graduate school. She received her degree from Stanford University in 1985 and was assigned as an assistant professor of aeronautics at the U.S. Air Force Academy. In 1987, she attended the Air Force Test Pilot School at [[Edwards Air Force Base]], [[California]]. After completing one year of training as a flight test engineer, Helms was assigned as a USAF Exchange Officer to the Aerospace Engineering Test Establishment, at [[CFB Cold Lake|Canadian Forces Base Cold Lake]] in [[Alberta, Canada]], where she worked as a flight test engineer and project officer on the [[CF-18]] aircraft. She was managing the development of a CF-18 Flight Control System Simulation for the Canadian Forces when selected for the astronaut program.

As a flight test engineer, Helms has flown in 30 different types of U.S. and Canadian military aircraft.

==Space flight experience==

[[Immagine:Helms.window.jpg|thumb|left|Helms views the topography of a point on Earth from the nadir window]]

Selected by NASA in January 1990, Helms became an astronaut in July 1991. She flew on [[STS-54]] (1993), [[STS-64]] (1994), [[STS-78]] (1996), [[STS-101]] (2000) and served aboard the [[International Space Station]] as a member of the ''ISS [[Expedition 2]]'' crew (2001). A veteran of five space flights, Helms has logged 5,064 hours in space, including an [[Extra-vehicular activity|EVA]] of 8 hours and 56 minutes (world record).

[[STS-54]] ''[[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Endeavour]]'', [[January 13]]-[[January 19|19]], [[1993]]. The primary objective of this mission was the deploy of a $200-million NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS-F). A Diffuse X-Ray Spectrometer (DXS) carried in the payload bay, collected over 80,000 seconds of quality X-ray data that will enable investigators to answer questions about the origin of the Milky Way galaxy. The crew demonstrated the physics principles of everyday toys to an interactive audience of elementary school students across the [[United States]]. A highly successful [[extra-vehicular activity]] (EVA) resulted in many lessons learned that will benefit Space Station Freedom assembly. Mission duration was 5 days, 23 hours, 38 minutes, 17 seconds.

[[STS-64]] ''[[Space Shuttle Discovery|Discovery]]'', [[September 9]]-[[September 20|20]], [[1994]]. On this flight, Helms served as the flight engineer for orbiter operations and the primary RMS operator aboard [[Space Shuttle]]. The major objective of this flight was to validate the design and operating characteristics of Lidar in Space Technology Experiment (LITE) by gathering data about the Earth's troposphere and stratosphere. Additional objectives included the deploy and retrieval of [[SPARTAN-201]], a free-flying satellite that investigated the physics of the [[solar corona]], and the testing of a new EVA maneuvering device. The Shuttle Plume Impingement Flight Experiment (SPIFEX) was used to collect extensive data on the effects of jet thruster impingement, in preparation for proximity tasks such as space station docking. Mission duration was 10 days, 22 hours, 51 minutes.

[[STS-78]] ''[[Space Shuttle Columbia|Columbia]]'', [[June 20]] to [[July 7]], [[1996]], Helms was the payload commander and flight engineer aboard ''Columbia'', on the longest Space Shuttle mission to date. The mission included studies sponsored by ten nations and five space agencies, and was the first mission to combine both a full microgravity studies agenda and a comprehensive life science investigation. The Life and Microgravity Spacelab mission served as a model for future studies on board the International Space Station. Mission duration was 16 days, 21 hours, 48 minutes.

== Note ==

[[STS-101]] ''[[Atlantis]]'', [[May 19]]-[[May 29|29]], [[2000]], was a mission dedicated to the delivery and repair of critical hardware for the International Space Station. Helms prime responsibilities during this mission were to perform critical repairs to extend the life of the Functional Cargo Block (FGB). In addition, she had prime responsibility of the onboard computer network and served as the mission specialist for rendezvous with the ISS. Mission duration was 9 days, 20 hours and 9 minutes.

<references/>

== Altri progetti ==

[[Immagine:Helms.node1.jpg|thumb|Flight Engineer Helms in [[Unity Module|Node 1]]]]

{{interprogetto}}

Helms lived and worked on board the International Space Station as a member of the second crew to inhabit the International Space Station Alpha. The ''[[Expedition 2]]'' crew (two American astronauts and one Russian cosmonaut) launched on [[March 8]], [[2001]] on board [[STS-102]] ''Discovery'' and successfully docked with the station on [[March 9]], [[2001]]. The ''Expedition-2'' crew installed and conducted tests on the Canadian made Space Station Robotic arm (SSRMS), conducted internal and external maintenance tasks (Russian and American), in addition to medical and science experiments. During her stay on board the Space Station, Helms installed the Airlock (brought up on the [[STS-104]] mission) using the SSRM. She and her crewmates also performed a 'fly around' of the Russian ''[[Soyuz spacecraft|Soyuz]]'' spacecraft and welcomed the visiting Soyuz crew that included the first [[Space tourism|space tourist]], [[Dennis Tito]]. On [[March 11]] she performed a world record 8 hour and 56 minute space walk to install hardware to the external body of the laboratory module. Helms spent a total of 163 days aboard the Space Station. She returned to earth with the [[STS-105]] crew aboard ''Discovery'' on [[August 22]], [[2001]].

== Collegamenti esterni ==

==Post-NASA experience==

* {{Collegamenti esterni}}

After a 12-year NASA career that included 211 days in space, Helms returned to the [[U.S. Air Force]] in July 2002 to take a position at HQ USAF [[Space Command]]. After a stint as the Division Chief of the Space Control Division of the Requirements Directorate of Air Force Space Command in [[Colorado Springs, Colorado]], she served as Vice Commander of the 45th Space Wing at [[Patrick Air Force Base]] near [[Cape Canaveral, Florida]]. She then served as Deputy Director of Operations for Air Education and Training Command at [[Randolph Air Force Base]] near [[San Antonio, Texas]]. She was promoted to [[Brigadier General]] in June 2006 and assumed the duties of Commander of the 45th Space Wing on the same day of her promotion.

* {{cita web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/helms_susan.pdf|titolo=Biografia sul sito della NASA|data=2012|accesso=14 maggio 2023|lingua=en}}

* {{cita web|url=http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/helms_susan.htm|titolo=Biografia breve su SpaceFacts|data=2018|accesso=14 maggio 2023|lingua=en}}

{{NASA Astronaut Group 13}}

==External links==

{{portale|astronautica|biografie}}

*[http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/helms.html Official NASA biography of Susan Helms]

*[http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/astronauts/english/helms_susan.htm Spacefacts biography of Susan J. Helms]

*[http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/2006/nr20060317-12669.html DoD News General Officer Assignments]

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[[Categoria:NASA Astronaut Group 13]]

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