Content deleted Content added
m →Pets |
|||
Line 1:
{{Short description|none}}
This page gives a '''list of domesticated animals''',<ref name="Table of Domesticated Animals">{{cite web|url=http://archaeology.about.com/od/dterms/a/domestication.htm|title=How did we ever manage to domesticate so many animals?|access-date=2009-04-23|archive-date=2011-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707075011/http://archaeology.about.com/od/dterms/a/domestication.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> also including a list of [[domestication of animals|animals which are or may be currently undergoing the process of domestication]] and animals that have an extensive relationship with humans beyond simple predation. This includes species which are semi-domesticated, undomesticated but [[Captive breeding|captive-bred]] on a commercial scale, or commonly wild-caught, at least occasionally captive-bred, and [[Tame animal|tameable]]. In order to be considered fully domesticated, most species have undergone significant [[Heredity|genetic]], [[Behavior|behavioural]] and [[Morphology (biology)|morphological]] changes from their wild ancestors, while others have changed very little from their wild ancestors despite hundreds or thousands of years of potential [[selective breeding]]. A number of factors determine how quickly any changes may occur in a species, but there is not always a desire to improve a species from its wild form. Domestication is a gradual process, so there is no precise moment in the history of a given species when it can be considered to have become fully domesticated.
[[Zooarchaeology]] has identified three classes of animal domesticates:
# [[File:Felis catus-cat on snow.jpg|alt=A felis catus|thumb|A [[House cat|cat]]]][[Pets]] ([[dogs]], [[cats]], [[ferrets]], [[hamsters]], etc.)
# [[Livestock]] ([[cattle]], [[sheep]], [[pigs]], [[goats]], etc.)
# [[Beasts of burden]] ([[horses]], [[camels]], [[donkeys]], etc.)<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1086/659964 |title=The Origins of Agriculture: New Data, New Ideas |journal=Current Anthropology |volume=52 |pages=S163–S174 |year=2011 |last1=Price |first1=T. Douglas |last2=Bar-Yosef |first2=Ofer |s2cid=128906192 }}</ref>
== Domesticated animals ==
{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header"
! Species and subspecies
! Wild ancestor
! data-sort-type="number" | Date
! Location of origin
! Purposes
! Image
! Changes from wild ancestor/ Notes
! Extent in the wild vs. captivity
! [[Taxon]] group
|-
|[[Dog|Domestic dog]] (''Canis familiaris'')<ref name=Gentry2004>{{cite journal |author1=Gentry, A. |author2=Clutton-Brock, J. |author3-link=Colin Groves |author3=Groves, C. P. |year=2004 |title=The naming of wild animal species and their domestic derivatives |journal=[[Journal of Archaeological Science]] |volume=31 |issue=5 |pages=645–651 |doi=10.1016/j.jas.2003.10.006 |bibcode=2004JArSc..31..645G |url=http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/pdf_files/129/1297897712.pdf}}</ref>
|Extinct [[Pleistocene wolf|Pleistocene population]] of the [[Wolf|grey wolf]] (''Canis lupus'' ssp.)<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1101/gr.197517.115 |pmid=26680994 |pmc=4728369 |title=Worldwide patterns of genomic variation and admixture in gray wolves |journal=Genome Research |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=163–173 |year=2016 |last1=Fan |first1=Zhenxin |last2=Silva |first2=Pedro |last3=Gronau |first3=Ilan |last4=Wang |first4=Shuoguo |last5=Armero |first5=Aitor Serres |last6=Schweizer |first6=Rena M. |last7=Ramirez |first7=Oscar |last8=Pollinger |first8=John |last9=Galaverni |first9=Marco |last10=Ortega Del-Vecchyo |first10=Diego |last11=Du |first11=Lianming |last12=Zhang |first12=Wenping |last13=Zhang |first13=Zhihe |last14=Xing |first14=Jinchuan |last15=Vilà |first15=Carles |last16=Marques-Bonet |first16=Tomas |last17=Godinho |first17=Raquel |last18=Yue |first18=Bisong |last19=Wayne |first19=Robert K. }}</ref>
|data-sort-value="-29999" |[[Origin of the domestic dog#Morphological divergence|13,000]] [[BCE]]<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1086/344372 |title=The Earliest Ice Age Dogs: Evidence from Eliseevichi 11 |journal=Current Anthropology |volume=43 |issue=5 |pages=795–799 |year=2002 |last1=Sablin |first1=Mikhail V. |last2=Khlopachev |first2=Gennady A. |s2cid=144574445 }}</ref><ref name=thalmann2013/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ding|first1=Z.-L.|last2=Oskarsson|first2=M.|last3=Ardalan|first3=A.|last4=Angleby|first4=H.|last5=Dahlgren|first5=L.-G.|last6=Tepeli|first6=C.|last7=Kirkness|first7=E.|last8=Savolainen|first8=P.|last9=Zhang|first9=Y.-P.|date=May 2012|title=Origins of domestic dog in Southern East Asia is supported by analysis of Y-chromosome DNA|journal=Heredity|language=en|volume=108|issue=5|pages=507–514|doi=10.1038/hdy.2011.114|issn=1365-2540|pmid=22108628|pmc=3330686 |bibcode=2012Hered.108..507D }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Wang|first1=Guo-Dong|last2=Zhai|first2=Weiwei|last3=Yang|first3=He-Chuan|last4=Wang|first4=Lu|last5=Zhong|first5=Li|last6=Liu|first6=Yan-Hu|last7=Fan|first7=Ruo-Xi|last8=Yin|first8=Ting-Ting|last9=Zhu|first9=Chun-Ling|last10=Poyarkov|first10=Andrei D.|last11=Irwin|first11=David M.|date=January 2016|title=Out of southern East Asia: the natural history of domestic dogs across the world|journal=Cell Research|language=en|volume=26|issue=1|pages=21–33|doi=10.1038/cr.2015.147|issn=1748-7838|pmid=26667385|pmc=4816135}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Extensive Phenotypic Diversity among South Chinese Dogs|last1=Crapon de Caprona|first1=Marie-Dominique|last2=Savolainen|first2=Peter|date=2013|journal=ISRN Evolutionary Biology|volume=2013|pages=1–8|doi=10.5402/2013/621836|s2cid=56914841 |language=en|doi-access=free }}</ref>
[[Europe]]<ref name="thalmann2013">{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.1243650 |pmid=24233726 |bibcode=2013Sci...342..871T |title=Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Ancient Canids Suggest a European Origin of Domestic Dogs |journal=Science |volume=342 |issue=6160 |pages=871–4 |last1=Thalmann |first1=O. |last2=Shapiro |first2=B. |last3=Cui |first3=P. |last4=Schuenemann |first4=V. J. |last5=Sawyer |first5=S. K. |last6=Greenfield |first6=D. L. |last7=Germonpré |first7=M. B. |last8=Sablin |first8=M. V. |last9=López-Giráldez |first9=F. |last10=Domingo-Roura |first10=X. |last11=Napierala |first11=H. |last12=Uerpmann |first12=H. -P. |last13=Loponte |first13=D. M. |last14=Acosta |first14=A. A. |last15=Giemsch |first15=L. |last16=Schmitz |first16=R. W. |last17=Worthington |first17=B. |last18=Buikstra |first18=J. E. |last19=Druzhkova |first19=A. |last20=Graphodatsky |first20=A. S. |last21=Ovodov |first21=N. D. |last22=Wahlberg |first22=N. |last23=Freedman |first23=A. H. |last24=Schweizer |first24=R. M. |last25=Koepfli |first25=K. -P. |last26=Leonard |first26=J. A. |last27=Meyer |first27=M. |last28=Krause |first28=J. |last29=Pääbo |first29=S. |last30=Green |first30=R. E. |display-authors=29 |year=2013 |hdl=10261/88173 |s2cid=1526260 }}</ref> in different places in Asia
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, leather, [[Salish Wool Dog|fiber]], hunting, herding, guarding, fighting, racing, working, rescuing, guiding, [[Police dog|policing]], draft, pack, sport, service, therapy, [[Detection dog|narcotics detection]], truffle harvesting, pest control, research, education, show, pets
|[[File:Pembroke Welsh Corgi 600.jpg|130px]]
| Tame (with exceptions),<ref name="Coppinger, Ray 2001">{{Cite book|author=Coppinger, Ray|title=Dogs: a Startling New Understanding of Canine Origin, Behavior and Evolution|year=2001|isbn=978-0-684-85530-1|publisher=Scribner|___location=New York|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/dogsstartlingnew00raym}}{{page needed|date=October 2018}}</ref> significant physical changes, probably significant behavioral changes as well
| Domestic and [[Free-ranging dog|feral dog]]s both very common,<ref name="Coppinger, Ray 2001"/> ancestor or nearest wild relative less common, but not rare
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
|[[Sheep|Domestic sheep]] (''Ovis aries'')<ref name="Gentry2004" />
| Possibly the [[Armenian mouflon]] (''Ovis gmelini gmelini'')
| data-sort-value="-8900" | 11 000 BCE to 9000 BCE<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1073/pnas.0801317105 |pmid=18697943 |pmc=2575338 |bibcode=2008PNAS..10511597Z |title=Domestication and early agriculture in the Mediterranean Basin: Origins, diffusion, and impact |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=105 |issue=33 |pages=11597–11604 |last1=Zeder |first1=Melinda A. |year=2008 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I22lDgAAQBAJ&q=jacob+sheep+guard&pg=PT23 |title = Animal Heroes: True Stories of Extraordinary Creatures|isbn = 9781786851369|last1 = Holt|first1 = Ben|date = 13 April 2017| publisher=Summersdale Publishers Limited }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Anatolia]], [[Iran]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, milk, fiber, leather, hides, pelts, horns, vellum, manure, guarding, fighting, racing, lawn mowing, weed control, research, ornamental, show, pets
|[[File:Pair of Icelandic Sheep.jpg|130px]]
| Some physical changes
| Common in captivity, threatened in the wild
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Pig|Domestic pig]] (''Sus domesticus'')
|[[Anatolian boar]] (''Sus scrofa libycus''),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/the-domestication-of-pigs-170665
|date=April 29, 2017
|title=The Domestication of Pigs - Sus scrofa's Two Distinct Histories
|publisher=[[ThoughtCo]]
|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref> [[Northern Chinese boar]] (''Sus scrofa moupinensis'')<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.kaogu.cn/en/Research_work/Archaeological_sciences_and_tec/2013/1025/30259.html
|date=September 12, 2005
|title=Pig Domestication in Ancient China
|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9005" | 9400 BCE<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=10747069 |pmc=1461048 |year=2000 |last1=Giuffra |first1=E. |title=The origin of the domestic pig: Independent domestication and subsequent introgression |journal=Genetics |volume=154 |issue=4 |pages=1785–91 |last2=Kijas |first2=J. M. |last3=Amarger |first3=V. |last4=Carlborg |first4=O. |last5=Jeon |first5=J. T. |last6=Andersson |first6=L. |doi=10.1093/genetics/154.4.1785 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.1106927 |pmid=15761152 |bibcode=2005Sci...307.1618L |title=Worldwide Phylogeography of Wild Boar Reveals Multiple Centers of Pig Domestication |journal=Science |volume=307 |issue=5715 |pages=1618–21 |last1=Larson |first1=Greger |last2=Dobney |first2=Keith |author-link2=Keith Dobney |last3=Albarella |first3=Umberto |last4=Fang |first4=Meiying |last5=Matisoo-Smith |first5=Elizabeth |last6=Robins |first6=Judith |last7=Lowden |first7=Stewart |last8=Finlayson |first8=Heather |last9=Brand |first9=Tina |last10=Willerslev |first10=Eske |last11=Rowley-Conwy |first11=Peter |last12=Andersson |first12=Leif |last13=Cooper |first13=Alan |year=2005 |s2cid=39923483 |url=https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1572125 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1038/ng.3394 |pmid=26323058 |title=Evidence of long-term gene flow and selection during domestication from analyses of Eurasian wild and domestic pig genomes |journal=Nature Genetics |volume=47 |issue=10 |pages=1141–1148 |year=2015 |last1=Frantz |first1=Laurent A F. |last2=Schraiber |first2=Joshua G. |last3=Madsen |first3=Ole |last4=Megens |first4=Hendrik-Jan |last5=Cagan |first5=Alex |last6=Bosse |first6=Mirte |last7=Paudel |first7=Yogesh |last8=Crooijmans |first8=Richard P M A. |last9=Larson |first9=Greger |last10=Groenen |first10=Martien A M. |s2cid=205350534 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radiopetlady.com/radio-pet-lady-blog/info/the-pig-pet-idea-project-plausible-or-unimaginable/
|date=October 14, 2014
|title=The Pig Pet Idea Project: Plausible or Unimaginable?
|work=Radio Pet Lady Network
|publisher=[[Radio Pet Lady Network]]
|access-date=22 January 2018
|last1=Hotchner
|first1=Tracie
}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[China]], [[Western Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, leather, tusks, manure, guarding, fighting, racing, truffle harvesting, weed control, research, show, pets
|[[File:Sow with piglet.jpg|130px]]
| Some physical changes
| Common in the wild, much more common in captivity, feral populations common in some areas
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Cattle|European cattle]] or taurine cattle (''Bos taurus'')<ref name="Gentry2004" /><ref>{{cite web |author1=Cailey Rizzo|title=Junkyard Owner Replaces Guard Dogs With Two Fighting Bulls Because It's Spain |url=https://www.travelandleisure.com/animals/junkyard-bulls-spain |website=www.travelandleisure.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Govan |first1=Fiona |title=Bulls replace guard dogs at scrap yard in Valencia |url=https://www.thelocal.es/20161026/bulls-replace-guard-dogs-at-scrap-yard-in-valencia |website=www.thelocal.es |date=26 October 2016}}</ref>
|[[Aurochs|Eurasian aurochs]] (''Bos primigenius primigenius'')†
| data-sort-value="-8000" | 8500 BCE<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1006/jaar.1998.0319 |title=Nabta Playa and its Role in Northeastern African Prehistory |journal=Journal of Anthropological Archaeology |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=97–123 |year=1998 |last1=Wendorf |first1=Fred |last2=Schild |first2=Romuald }}</ref><ref>Source : Laboratoire de Préhistoire et Protohistoire de l'Ouest de la France
{{cite web|title=Archived copy|url=http://palissy.humana.univ-nantes.fr/LABOS/UMR/serveur/recherche/pruvost.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090626225631/http://palissy.humana.univ-nantes.fr/LABOS/UMR/serveur/recherche/pruvost.html|archive-date=2009-06-26|access-date=2009-04-17}}, {{in lang|fr}}.</ref>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[China]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/11/131108091027.htm|title=Origins of cattle farming in China uncovered|website=ScienceDaily|language=en|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref> [[Western Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, milk, leather, hides, fiber, horns, vellum, blood, dung, working, plowing, guarding, fighting, racing, draft, mount, soil fertilization, lawn mowing, weed control, worship, show, pets
|[[File:Koe in weiland bij Gorssel.JPG|130px]]
| Some physical changes
| Very common in captivity, wild relatives extinct, feral populations fairly common
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Goat|Domestic goat]] (''Capra hircus'')
|[[Bezoar ibex]] (''Capra aegagrus aegagrus'')
| data-sort-value="-10000" | 8000 BCE<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1086/659307 |title=The Origins of Agriculture in the Near East |journal=Current Anthropology |volume=52 |pages=S221–S235 |year=2011 |last1=Zeder |first1=Melinda A. |s2cid=8202907 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.crvi.2010.12.009 |pmid=21377611 |title=The origins of animal domestication and husbandry: A major change in the history of humanity and the biosphere |journal=Comptes Rendus Biologies |volume=334 |issue=3 |pages=171–181 |year=2011 |last1=Vigne |first1=Jean-Denis |url=https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/biologies/articles/10.1016/j.crvi.2010.12.009/ |url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eatwell.com/blog/2015/4/8/guard-goat|title=Guard Goat|access-date=2018-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123072222/http://www.eatwell.com/blog/2015/4/8/guard-goat|archive-date=2018-01-23|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Iran]]
| style="text-align:center;" |milk, meat, fiber, skin, horns, vellum, manure, guarding, fighting, racing, lawn mowing, weed control, clearing land, show, pets
|[[File:Capra, Crete 4.jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Common in captivity, threatened in the wild, feral populations common
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Zebu]], Brahman cattle, indicine cattle or humped cattle (''Bos indicus'')<ref name=Gentry2004/>
|[[Indian aurochs]] (''Bos primigenius namadicus'')†
| data-sort-value="-8000" | 8000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Indian Subcontinent]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, leather, hides, horns, vellum, blood, dung, working, plowing, fighting, racing, draft, soil fertilization, lawn mowing, show, pets
|[[File:Female zebu cattle.JPG|130px]]
| Considerable physical changes
| Common in captivity, wild relatives extinct
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Cat|Domestic cat]] or house cat (''Felis catus'')<ref name=Gentry2004/>
|Common [[African wildcat|North African wildcat]] (''Felis lybica lybica'')<ref name=Driscoll07>{{Cite journal |last1=Driscoll |first1=C. A. |last2=Menotti-Raymond |first2=M. |last3=Roca |first3=A. L. |last4=Hupe |first4=K. |last5=Johnson |first5=W. E. |last6=Geffen |first6=E. |last7=Harley |first7=E. H. |last8=Delibes |first8=M. |last9=Pontier |first9=D. |last10=Kitchener |first10=A. C. |last11=Yamaguchi |first11=N. |last12=O'Brien |first12=S. J. |last13=Macdonald |first13=D. W. |title=The Near Eastern Origin of Cat Domestication |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=317 |issue=5837 |date=2007 |pages=519–523 |issn=0036-8075 |doi=10.1126/science.1139518 |pmc=5612713 |pmid=17600185|bibcode=2007Sci...317..519D }}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-7900" | 8000–7500 BCE<ref name=Driscoll07/>
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Near East]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pelts, pest control, research, [[Show cat|show]], pets
|[[File:Jammlich crop.jpg|130px]]
| Tame, slight physical changes
| Very abundant in captivity; true wildcat species less abundant, though not rare, [[Feral cat|feral]] populations very common
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
|[[Chicken|Domestic chicken]] (''Gallus gallus domesticus'')
|[[Red junglefowl#Taxonomy and systematics|Bangladesh red junglefowl]] (''Gallus gallus murghi'') with some contribution from the [[grey junglefowl]] (''Gallus sonneratii'')
| data-sort-value="-6000" | 6000 BCE<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1079/WPS19890012 |title=Did chickens go north? New evidence for domestication |journal=World's Poultry Science Journal |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=205–218 |year=1989 |last1=West |first1=Barbara |last2=Zhou |first2=Ben-Xiong }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Indian subcontinent|India]] and [[Southeast Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, leather, manure, guarding, alarming, fighting, racing, pest control, weed control, ornamental, show, pets
|[[File:Poltava chicken breed female.jpg|130px]]
| Some physical changes, considerable reproductive changes
| Very common in the wild and in captivity
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
|[[Guinea pig]] (''Cavia porcellus'')
|[[Montane guinea pig]] (''Cavia tschudii'')
| data-sort-value="-5000" | 5000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Peru]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, manure, racing, lawn mowing, weed control, research, show, pets
|[[File:Caviaklein.jpg|130px]]
| Tame, slight physical changes
| Somewhat common in the wild and in captivity
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
|[[Donkey|Domestic donkey]], domestic ass or burro (''Equus asinus'')
|[[African wild ass]] (''Equus africanus''), including subspecies [[Nubian wild ass|Nubian]] (''E. a. africanus'') and [[Somali wild ass]] (''E. a. somaliensis'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/identity-of-pompeii%E2%80%99s-mystery-horse-revealed
|date=December 17, 2010
|title=Identity of Pompeii's mystery horse revealed
|publisher=[[University of Cambridge]]
|access-date=30 September 2017}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-5000" | 5000 BCE<ref>{{cite journal |author=Beja-Pereira, Albano|title=African Origins of the Domestic Donkey |journal=Science |volume=304 | issue=1781 |page=1781 |date=18 June 2004 |doi=10.1126/science.1096008| pmid=15205528|s2cid=12783335 |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>Roger Blench,
{{cite web|url= http://www.animaltraction.net/donkeys/donkeys-blench-history.pdf |title=The history and spread of donkeys in Africa }} {{small|(235 KB)}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Nubia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, manure, working, plowing, guarding, racing, draft, pack, mount, lawn mowing, weed control, show, pets
|[[File:Donkey 1 arp 750px.jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Somewhat common in captivity and as feral populations, wild relatives critically endangered
|'''1e''' ''Other mammals''
|-
|[[Gayal]] or Mithun (''Bos frontalis'')<ref name=Gentry2004/>
|[[Gaur]] (''Bos gaurus'') with significant [[introgression]] from other ''Bos'' species<ref name="FAO-WORLD WATCH LIST for domestic animal diversity" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wu1 |first1=Dong-Dong |last2=Ding |first2=Xiang-Dong |last3=Wang |first3=Sheng|last4=Wójcik |first4=Jan M.|last5=Zhang |first5=Yi|last6=Tokarska |first6=Małgorzata|last7=Li |first7=Yan|last8=Wang |first8=Ming-Shan|last9= Faruque|first9=Omar|last10=Nielsen |first10=Rasmus|last11=Zhang |first11=Qin|last12=Zhang |first12=Ya-Ping |date=July 2018 |title=Pervasive introgression facilitated domestication and adaptation in the Bos species complex |url=https://nielsen-lab.github.io/pdfs/papers/bos.pdf |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=2 |issue=7 |pages=1139–1145 |doi=10.1038/s41559-018-0562-y |pmid=29784979 |bibcode=2018NatEE...2.1139W |s2cid=29154258 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-5000" | 5000 BCE<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mondal |first1=Mohan |last2=Baruah |first2=K K|last3=Rajkhowa |first3=C |date=1 January 2014 |title=Mithun: An Animal of Indian Pride |url=http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd26/1/mond26006.html#:~:text=Mithun%20is%20considered%20as%20the,an%20individual%20in%20the%20society. |journal=Livestock Research for Rural Development |volume= 26|issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Southeast Asia]], [[Northeast India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, horns, dung
|[[File:Bos gaurus (Gayal) male.JPG|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Somewhat common in captivity, threatened in the wild
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Domestic duck]] (''Anas platyrhynchos domesticus'')
|[[Mallard|Common mallard]] (''Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos'')
| data-sort-value="-4000" | 4000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, manure, guarding, pest control, weed control, ornamental, show, pets
|[[File:Pekin Ducks cropped.jpg|130px]]
| Considerable physical changes
| Common in captivity, but more abundant in the wild
|'''2a''' ''Anseriformes''
|-
|[[Water buffalo|Domestic water buffalo]] (''Bubalus bubalis'')<ref name=Gentry2004/>
|[[Wild water buffalo]] (''Bubalus arnee'')
| data-sort-value="-4000" | 4000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Indian Subcontinent|India]], [[China]], the [[Philippines]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, horns, dung, working, plowing, fighting, racing, draft, mount, lawn mowing, show
|[[File:Water Buffalo, Phayao Lake.jpg|130px]]
| Mainly unchanged from the wild animal
| Common in captivity, endangered in the wild, feral populations common in parts of Australia and South America<ref name=Cockrill1977>{{cite book |author=Cockrill, W. R. |year=1977 |url=http://www4.zetatalk.com/docs/Animal_Power/The_Water_Buffalo_1977.pdf |title=The water buffalo |publisher=Animal Production and Health Series No. 4. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |___location=Rome |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616141330/http://www4.zetatalk.com/docs/Animal_Power/The_Water_Buffalo_1977.pdf |archive-date=June 16, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Long, J. L. |year=2003 |title=Introduced Mammals of the World: Their History, Distribution and Influence |publisher=Csiro Publishing |___location=Collingwood, Australia |isbn=9780643099166}}</ref>
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Dromedary]] or Arabian camel (''Camelus dromedarius'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://metro.co.uk/2015/06/11/bad-news-for-anyone-who-likes-to-drink-camel-urine-5240920/
|date=June 11, 2015
|title=This is why people drink camel urine
|publisher=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]]
|access-date=18 February 2020}}</ref>
|Unknown
| data-sort-value="-4000" | 4000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Arabia]], the [[Horn of Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, urine, racing, hunting, pack, mount, show, pets
|[[File:Camelcalf-feeding.jpg|130px]]
| Tame, few physical changes
| Moderately common in captivity, small feral population in original range, significant [[Australian feral camel|feral population in Australia]], truly wild dromedaries may be extinct
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Western honey bee]] (''Apis mellifera'') including [[List of Apis mellifera subspecies|subspecies]] [[European dark bee|German]] (''A. m. mellifera''), [[Italian bee|Italian]] (''A. m. ligustica''), [[Carniolan honey bee|Carniolan]] (''A. m. carnica''), [[Caucasian honey bee|Caucasian]] (''A. m. caucasia''), [[Greek bee|Greek]] (''A. m. cecropia''), [[Apis mellifera sahariensis|Saharan]] (''A. m. sahariensis'') and [[Apis mellifera lamarckii|Egyptian honey bee]]s (''A. m. lamarckii'')
| align="center" |-
| data-sort-value="-4000" | 4000 BCE <small>(the modern era for ''A. m. mellifera'', the 1880s for ''A. m. ligustica'', uncertain for ''A. m. carnica'', ''A. m. caucasia'', ''A. m. cecropia'', ''A. m. sahariensis'' and ''A. m. lamarckii'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]] (including [[Germany]], [[Italy]], [[Greece]], [[Slovenia]] and the [[United Kingdom]]), [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[North Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|honey, wax, propolis, bee brood, royal jelly, venom, pollen, pollination, research
|[[File:Bee-apis.jpg|130px]]
| Some physical and behavioral changes, actual domestication status is still a point of contention<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/en|title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|website=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species}}</ref>
| Very common in captivity, feral populations common, extent of status in the wild unclear; see [[Western honey bee#Domestication|Western honey bee]] for details
|'''6a''' ''Hymenoptera''
|-
|[[Horse|Domestic horse]] (''Equus caballus'')
|Extinct unknown population of the [[wild horse]] (''Equus ferus''), possibly the [[tarpan]] or European wild horse (''E. f. ferus'')†<ref>{{cite web|url=http://genestogenomes.org/the-genetic-history-of-horses/
|date=November 7, 2016
|title=The Genetic History of Horses
|publisher=[[Genes to Genomes]]
|access-date=22 August 2017}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-3500" | 4000-3500 BCE<ref>{{cite journal|doi = 10.1073/pnas.1111122109|title=Reconstructing the origin and spread of horse domestication in the Eurasian steppe|journal = PNAS|date=2012 |volume=109 |last1=Warmuth |first1=Vera |last2=Eriksson |first2=Anders |last3=Bower |first3=Mim Ann |last4=Barker |first4=Graeme |last5=Barrett |first5=Elizabeth |last6=Hanks |first6=Bryan Kent |last7=Li |first7=Shuicheng |last8=Lomitashvili |first8=David |last9=Ochir-Goryaeva |first9=Maria |last10=Sizonov |first10=Grigory V. |last11=Soyonov |first11=Vasiliy |last12=Manica |first12=Andrea |issue=21 |pages=8202–8206 |doi-access=free |pmid=22566639 |pmc=3361400 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.1168594 |pmid=19265018 |bibcode=2009Sci...323.1332O |title=The Earliest Horse Harnessing and Milking |journal=Science |volume=323 |issue=5919 |pages=1332–5 |last1=Outram |first1=Alan K. |last2=Stear |first2=Natalie A. |last3=Bendrey |first3=Robin |last4=Olsen |first4=Sandra |last5=Kasparov |first5=Alexei |last6=Zaibert |first6=Victor |last7=Thorpe |first7=Nick |last8=Evershed |first8=Richard P. |year=2009 |s2cid=5126719 }} see also [[Domestication of the horse]]</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ukraine]] or [[European Kazakhstan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|milk, meat, hair, manure, working, plowing, fighting, racing, servicing, guiding, draft, pack, mount, execution, lawn mowing, weed control, show, pets
|[[File:Nokota Horses cropped.jpg|130px]]
| Tame, some physical changes, mainly in colouration
| Common in captivity, very rare in the wild, feral populations common
|'''1e''' ''Other mammals''
|-
|[[Bali cattle]] (''Bos javanicus domesticus'')
|[[Banteng]] (''Bos javanicus'')<ref name="BaliCattle1"/>
| data-sort-value="-3500" | 3500 BCE<ref name="BaliCattle1">{{Cite journal|last1=Mohamad|first1=Kusdiantoro|last2=Olsson|first2=Mia|last3=van Tol|first3=Helena T. A.|last4=Mikko|first4=Sofia|last5=Vlamings|first5=Bart H.|last6=Andersson|first6=Göran|last7=Rodríguez-Martínez|first7=Heriberto|last8=Purwantara|first8=Bambang|last9=Paling|first9=Robert W.|date=2009-05-13|title=On the Origin of Indonesian Cattle|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=4|issue=5|pages=e5490|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0005490|issn=1932-6203|pmc=2677627|pmid=19436739|bibcode=2009PLoSO...4.5490M|doi-access=free}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|Bali, [[Indonesia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, horns, dung, working, plowing, draft, show
|[[File:Banteng Domesticated Bali Bull.PNG|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Common in captivity, endangered in the wild
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Bombyx mori|Domestic silkmoth]] (''Bombyx mori'')
|[[Bombyx mandarina|Wild silkmoth]] (''Bombyx mandarina'')
| data-sort-value="-3000" | 3000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|silk, animal feed, pets
|[[File:Silkworms3000px.jpg|130px]]
| Tame/held in captivity, some physical changes
| Fairly common in captivity, extent of status in the wild unclear
|'''6b''' ''Lepidoptera''
|-
|[[Samia ricini|Eri silkmoth]] (''Samia ricini'')
|[[Samia cynthia|Ailanthus silkmoth]] (''Samia cynthia'') and [[Samia canningi|wild eri silkmoth]] (''Samia canningi'')
| data-sort-value="-3000" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|silk, pets
|[[File:At Mariposario del Drago 2022 006.jpg|130px]]
| Tame/held in captivity, some physical changes
| Common in captivity
|'''6b''' ''Lepidoptera''
|-
|[[Domestic pigeon]] (''Columba livia domestica'')
|[[Rock dove]] (''Columba livia'')
| data-sort-value="-3000" | 3000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Mediterranean Basin]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, manure, racing, messenger, ornamental, show, pets
|[[File:Homing pigeon.jpg|130px]]
| Artificially selected and bred into many varieties including meat breeds, racing/messenger breeds and fancy plumage breeds
| Relatively common in captivity, very common in the wild, feral populations extremely abundant
|'''2c''' ''Columbiformes''
|-
|[[Domestic goose]] and [[Swan goose|domestic swan goose]] (''Anser anser domesticus'' and ''A. cygnoides domesticus'')
|[[Greylag goose]] (''Anser anser'') and [[swan goose]] (''A. cygnoides'')
| data-sort-value="-3000" | 3000 BCE for ''A. anser'', date uncertain for ''A. cygnoides''<ref>Buckland, R., & Guy, G. (2002). ''Goose Production''. Chapter 1: [http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/005/Y4359E/y4359e03.htm Origins and Breeds of Domestic Geese]. FAO Agriculture Department.</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Egypt]] (''A. anser''), [[China]] (''A. cygnoides'')
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, manure, guarding, alarming, pest control, weed control, show, pets
|[[File:Neugierige Hausgans.JPG|130px]]
| Considerable physical changes
| Common in the wild and in captivity
|'''2a''' ''Anseriformes''
|-
|[[Domestic yak]] (''Bos grunniens'')<ref name=Gentry2004/>
|[[Wild yak]] (''Bos mutus'')
| data-sort-value="-2500" | 2500 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Tibet]], [[Nepal]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, fiber, horns, dung, working, plowing, guarding, fighting, racing, pack, mount, show, pets
|[[File:The Yak.jpg|130px]]
| Tame, slight physical changes
| Fairly common in captivity; threatened in the wild
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Bactrian camel|Domestic Bactrian camel]] (''Camelus bactrianus'')
|[[Wild Bactrian camel]] (''Camelus ferus'')
| data-sort-value="-2500" | 2500 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Central Asia]] ([[Afghanistan]])
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, hair, dung, pack, mount, show, pets
|[[File:Temee.jpg|130px]]
| Tame, few physical changes
| Moderately common in captivity, critically endangered in the wild
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Llama]] (''Lama glama'')<ref name=Gentry2004/>
|[[Guanaco#Subspecies|Guanaco]] (''Lama guanicoe cacsilensis'')<ref name="books.google">A. Rosati, C. Mosoni and A. Tewolde. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=CkCsgtbV0NEC&dq=lama+guanicoe+cacsilensis+domestication&pg=PA204]''</ref>
| data-sort-value="-2400" | 2400 BCE<ref name="wichita1">D.L Johnson and B.K. Swartz, Jr. ''[http://soar.wichita.edu/dspace/bitstream/10057/1824/1/LAJ+2B21_p42-54.pdf Evidence for Pre-Columbian Animal Domestication in the New World]''</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Peru]], [[Bolivia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, fiber, manure, working, guarding, racing, draft, pack, lawn mowing, weed control, show, pets
|[[File:Pack llamas posing near Muir Trail.jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Fairly common in the wild and in captivity
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Alpaca]] (''Lama pacos'')<ref name=Gentry2004/>
|[[Vicuña#Subspecies|Vicuña]] (''Lama vicugna mensalis'')<ref name="books.google"/>
| data-sort-value="-2400" | 2400 BCE<ref name="wichita1"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Peru]], [[Bolivia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, fiber, manure, guarding, lawn mowing, weed control, show, pets
|[[File:Corazon Full.jpg|130px]]
| Considerable physical changes
| Fairly common in the wild and in captivity
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Domestic guineafowl]] (''Numida meleagris domesticus'')
|[[Helmeted guineafowl#Subspecies|West African helmeted guineafowl]] (''Numida meleagris galeatus'')
| data-sort-value="-2400" | 2400 BCE<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thecozynest.com/guinea_fowl.htm|title=Guinea fowl|website=www.thecozynest.com|access-date=2010-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100623052252/http://www.thecozynest.com/guinea_fowl.htm|archive-date=2010-06-23|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[West Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, manure, guarding, alarming, pest control, show, pets
|[[File:Domesticated Guineafowl - geograph.org.uk - 543901.jpg|130px]]
| Mainly unaltered from the wild population
| Somewhat common in the wild and in captivity
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
|[[Fuegian dog]] or Yaghan dog†<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Petrigh |first1=Romina S. |last2=Fugassa |first2=Martín H. |date=December 13, 2013 |title=Molecular identification of a Fuegian dog belonging to the Fagnano Regional Museum ethnographic collection, Tierra del Fuego |journal=[[Quaternary International]] |volume=317 |pages=14–18 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2013.07.030 |url=http://fulltext.study/preview/pdf/1041543.pdf |url-status=dead |bibcode=2013QuInt.317...14P |hdl=11336/25319 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220121042/http://fulltext.study/preview/pdf/1041543.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2016 |access-date=September 2, 2020}}</ref>
|[[Culpeo]] or Andean fox (''Lycalopex culpaeus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999"|date uncertain<ref>{{Cite book |last=Martial |first=Louis-Ferdinand |author-link=:fr:Louis-Ferdinand Martial |orig-year=1884–1889 |date=2005 |title=Mision al Cabo de Hornos, la expedición científica francesa en la Romanche Julio de 1882 a setiembre de 1883 |trans-title=Mission to Cape Horn, the French scientific expedition in Romanche July 1882 to September 1883 |language=es |title-link=w:es:Expedición científica francesa al Cabo de Hornos (1882-1883) |___location=Ushuaia, Argentina |publisher=Zaguier & Urruty Pubs. |page=225}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Argentina]], [[Chile]]
| style="text-align:center;"|hunting, guarding, warmth, pets
|[[File:Fuegian dog (1863).jpg|130px]]
| Tame, slight physical changes
| Extinct
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
|[[Ferret|Domestic ferret]] (''Mustela furo'')
|Common polecat (''Mustela putorius putorius'') and Mediterranean polecat (''M. p. aureola'')
| data-sort-value="-1500" | 1500 BCE<ref>{{cite web | last = Glover | first = James | title = The Ancestry Of The Domestic Ferret | publisher = PetPeoplesPlace.com | url = http://www.petpeoplesplace.com/resources/advice/small/117-ancestry-of-domestic-ferret.htm | access-date = 2006-09-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102407/http://www.petpeoplesplace.com/resources/advice/small/117-ancestry-of-domestic-ferret.htm | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North Africa]], [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|hunting, racing, pest control, show, pets
|[[File:Ferret 2008.png|130px]]
| Tame, slight physical changes
| Common in captivity, somewhat common in the wild, feral populations rare
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Domestic Muscovy duck]] (''Cairina moschata domestica'')
|[[Muscovy duck|Wild Muscovy duck]] (''Cairina moschata sylvestris'')
| data-sort-value="-690" | 700–600 BCE<ref name="wichita1"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, manure, guarding, pest control, show, pets
|[[File:MuscovyDuck.jpg|130px]]
| Tame, some physical changes
| Common in captivity, feral populations rare
|'''2a''' ''Anseriformes''
|-
|[[Barbary dove]] or ringed turtle dove (''Streptopelia risoria'')
|[[African collared dove]] (''Streptopelia roseogrisea'')
| data-sort-value="-500" | 500 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, show, pets
|[[File:Feral Barbary Dove.jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Common in both captivity and feral populations
|'''2c''' ''Columbiformes''
|-
|[[Domestic turkey]] (''Meleagris gallopavo domesticus'')
|[[Wild turkey#South Mexican wild turkey (M. g. gallopavo) (Linnaeus, 1758)|South Mexican wild turkey]] (''Meleagris gallopavo gallopavo'')
| data-sort-value="180" | 180 [[Common Era|CE]]<ref name="wichita1"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Mexico]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, manure, guarding, pest control, show, pets
|[[File:White turkeys.jpg|130px]]
| Considerable physical changes
| Common in the wild and in captivity
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
|[[Goldfish]] (''Carassius auratus'')
|[[Prussian carp]] ''(Carassius gibelio)''
| data-sort-value="300" | 300 CE to 400 CE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|racing, pest control, ornamental, show, pets
|[[File:Gullfiskur.jpg|130px]]
| Tame, significant physical changes
| Very common and abundant in captivity, extent of status in the wild unclear
|'''5a''' ''Cyprinidae''
|-
|[[Domestic rabbit]] (''Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus'')
| [[European rabbit#Iberian rabbit|Iberian rabbit]] (''Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://phys.org/news/2014-08-reveals-wild-rabbits-genetically.html
|date=August 28, 2014
|title=New study reveals how wild rabbits were genetically transformed into tame rabbits
|publisher=[[Phys]]
|access-date=6 July 2017}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="600" | 600 CE<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 1, 2005 |title=Interesting Rabbit Domestication History |url=http://www.albc-usa.org/news/sept1a_05.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005153939/http://www.albc-usa.org/news/sept1a_05.html |archive-date=Oct 5, 2023 |website=The American Livestock Breeds Conservancy}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, fiber, pelts, manure, racing, lawn mowing, weed control, research, show, pets
|[[File:EnglishSpotRabbitChocolate1(cropped).jpg|130px]]
| Tame, significant physical changes
| Common in captivity, rare in native habitat, common in introduced range
|'''1e''' ''Other mammals''
|-
|[[Koi]] (''Cyprinus rubrofuscus'')
|[[Cyprinus rubrofuscus|Amur carp]] (''Cyprinus rubrofuscus'')
| data-sort-value="1000" | the 11th century [[Common Era|CE]]
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|ornamental, show, pets
|[[File:Ojiya Nishikigoi no Sato ac (3).jpg|130px]]
| Tame, considerable physical changes
| Fairly common in captivity, threatened in the wild
|'''5a''' ''Cyprinidae''
|-
|-
|[[Japanese quail]] (''C. japonica'') or [[Domesticated quail]]
|[[Japanese quail]] (''C. japonica'')
| data-sort-value="1000" | the 11~12th century [[Common Era|CE]]
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, research, pets
|[[File:Japanese Quail.jpg|130px]]
| considerable physical changes
| Common in the wild and in captivity
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
|[[Domestic canary]] (''Serinus canaria domestica'')
|Wild canary (''Serinus canaria canaria'')
| data-sort-value="1450" | the 15th century [[Common Era|CE]]
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Canary Islands]], [[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|coal mining, fighting, research, show, pets, singing
|[[File:Zwei Kanarienvögel.JPG|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Common in the wild and in captivity
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
|[[Society finch]] or Bengalese finch (''Lonchura striata domestica'')
|[[White-rumped munia]] or striated finch (''Lonchura striata swinhoei'') with some contribution from the [[Indian silverbill]] or white-throated munia (''Euodice malabarica'')
| data-sort-value="1717" | unknown, may have been introduced to Japan sometime around the early 18th century [[Common Era|CE]]<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.zoolgart.2008.05.003 |title=Towards a cultural history of the Bengalese Finch (''Lonchura domestica'') |journal=Der Zoologische Garten |volume=77 |issue=5–6 |pages=334–344 |year=2008 |last1=Svanberg |first1=Ingvar |bibcode=2008DZGar..77..334S }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, show, research, singing
|[[File:Rbruni.JPG|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Fairly common in captivity; common in the wild
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
|[[Fancy mouse]] or [[laboratory mouse]] (''Mus musculus domestica'')
|[[Mus musculus domesticus|Western European house mouse]] (''Mus musculus domesticus''), [[Japanese house mouse]] (''Mus musculus molossinus'')
| data-sort-value="1600" | 1100 BCE (China), then the 17th century [[Common Era|CE]] (Europe),<ref>{{cite web |last1=Royer |first1=Nichole |url=http://www.afrma.org/historymse.htm |title=The History of Fancy Mice |website=American Fancy Rat and Mouse Association |access-date=2015-12-25 |date=Feb 23, 2015 }}</ref> the 18th Century (Japan)
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]], [[Europe]], [[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|animal feed, racing, research, show, pets
|[[File:Minimouse.jpg|130px]]
| Tame, significant physical changes
| Common in the wild and in captivity
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
|[[Fancy rat]] or [[laboratory rat]] (''Rattus norvegicus domestica'')
|[[Brown rat]] (''Rattus norvegicus'')
| data-sort-value="1840" | the 19th century [[Common Era|CE]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Royer|first1=Nichole|title=The History of Fancy Rats|url=http://www.afrma.org/historyrat.htm|website=American Fancy Rat & Mouse Association |date=February 23, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313223915/https://www.afrma.org/historyrat.htm |archive-date= Mar 13, 2024 }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[United Kingdom]]
| style="text-align:center;"|animal feed, research, show, pets
|[[File:Ratte-Vache.jpeg|130px]]
| Tame, some physical and psychological changes
| Common in the wild and in captivity
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
|[[Domestic mink]] (''Neogale vison domesticus'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fureurope.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Annex2-Mink-Domestication-E.Decuypere-April-2010.pdf|title=Is the Mink Domesticated?|last=Decuypere|first=E.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317143748/http://www.fureurope.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Annex2-Mink-Domestication-E.Decuypere-April-2010.pdf|archive-date=March 17, 2017}}</ref>
|Eastern mink (''Neogale vison vison''), Kenai mink (''N. v. melampeplus'') and Alaskan mink (''N. v. ingens'')
| data-sort-value="1845" | Early 1860s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Cassadaga Lakes]], New York
| style="text-align:center;"|fur, hunting, pest control, pets
|[[File:Norka amerykańska (neovison vison) (cropped).jpg|130px]]
|Some physical and psychological changes
|Somewhat common in the wild and in captivity
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
|[[Domesticated silver fox]] (''Vulpes vulpes'')
|[[Red fox]] (''Vulpes vulpes'')
| data-sort-value="1951" | late 19th century to 20th century [[Common Era|CE]]
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Prince Edward Island]]/[[Soviet Union]] ([[Russia]])<ref name="Statham2011">{{cite journal |last1=Statham |first1=Mark J. |last2=Trut |first2=Lyudmila N. |last3=Sacks |first3=Ben N. |last4=Kharlamova |first4=Anastasiya V. |last5=Oskina |first5=Irina N. |last6=Gulevich |first6=Rimma G. |last7=Johnson |first7=Jennifer L. |last8=Temnykh |first8=Svetlana V. |last9=Acland |first9=Gregory M. |last10=Kukekova |first10=Anna V. |title=On the origin of a domesticated species: identifying the parent population of Russian silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes): THE ORIGIN OF RUSSIAN SILVER FOXES |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |date=May 2011 |volume=103 |issue=1 |pages=168–175 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01629.x|pmid=21625363 |pmc=3101803 }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|fur, pelts, research, pets
|[[File:Silberfuchs 08.jpg|130x130px]]
| Tame, some physical changes
| Very small domestic population, wild relatives fairly common
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
|[[Domesticated hedgehog]]s (''Atelerix albiventris'', ''A. algirus'', ''Hemiechinus auritus'' and ''H. collaris'')
|[[Four-toed hedgehog|Four-toed]] (''Atelerix albiventris''), [[Algerian hedgehog|Algerian]] (''A. algirus''), [[long-eared hedgehog|long-eared]] (''Hemiechinus auritus'') and [[Indian long-eared hedgehog]] (''H. collaris'')
| data-sort-value="1985" | the 1980s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Central Africa|Central]] and [[Eastern Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Baxter flower.jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Common in the wild, somewhat rare in captivity
|'''1e''' ''Other mammals''
|}
== Tame, partially domesticated, Wild-Managed and widely captive-bred animals ==
Due to the somewhat unclear outlines of what precisely constitutes [[domestication]], there are some species that may or may not be fully domesticated. There are also some species that are extensively commercially used by humans, but are not significantly altered from wild-type animals. Many animals on this second table are at least somewhat altered from wild-type animals due to their extensive interactions with humans, albeit not to the point that they are regarded as distinct forms (therefore, no separate wild ancestors are noted) or would be unable to survive if reintroduced to the wild.
<!-- Please do not add more animals to this list without proposing them on the talk page first. Do not add entries unless a proper citation is provided, or if the animal's article mentions semidomestication or captive commercial use -->
{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style="width:100%; height:100%;"
|-
! style="width: 12em;" | Species and subspecies
! Date
! Location of origin
! Purpose
! Image
! Changes from wild ancestor/ Notes
! Extent in the wild vs. captivity
|-
||[[Asian elephant]] (''Elephas maximus'') including subspecies [[Sri Lankan elephant|Sri Lankan]] (''E. m. maximus''), [[Indian elephant|Indian]] (''E. m. indicus''), [[Sumatran elephant|Sumatran]] (''E. m. sumatranus''), [[Borneo elephant|Bornean]] (''E. m. borneensis'') and formerly [[Syrian elephant]]s (''E. m. asurus'')†<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bist|first1=S. S.|first2=J. V.|last2=Cheeran|first3=S.|last3=Choudhury|first4=P.|last4=Barua|first5=M. K.|last5=Misra|chapter=The domesticated Asian elephant in India|title=In Giants on our hands. Proc. Int. Workshop on the domesticated Asian elephant|editor1=I. Baker |editor2=M. Kashio|pages=129–148|year=2002|url=https://coin.fao.org/coin-static/cms/media/9/13171049401100/2002_30_high.pdf#page=139}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Crawley|first1=Jennie AH|first2=Mirkka|last2=Lahdenperä|display-authors=etal|title=Investigating changes within the handling system of the largest semi-captive population of Asian elephants|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=14|issue=1|year=2019|pages=e0209701|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0209701|pmid=30703121|pmc=6354975|bibcode=2019PLoSO..1409701C|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Locke|first=Piers|title=The ethnography of captive elephant management in Nepal: a synopsis|journal=Gajah|volume=34|issue=1|year=2011|pages=32–40|url=https://www.asesg.org/PDFfiles/Gajah/34-32-Locke.pdf}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-2000" | 2000 BCE <small>(uncertain for ''E. m. maximus'', ''E. m. sumatranus'', ''E. m. borneensis'' and ''E. m. asurus'')†</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[India]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Sumatra]], [[Nepal]], [[Borneo]], [[China]], [[Indochina]], formerly [[Iran]]
| style="text-align:center;"|dung, working, hunting, fighting, racing, transportation, mount, patrol, worship, show
|[[File:IndianElephant.jpg|130px]]
| Individuals taken from the wild and tamed on a wide scale
| Syrian subspecies extinct in the wild and in captivity; other subspecies somewhat common in captivity, but endangered in the wild<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/a/asian-elephant/#:~:text=The%20Asian%20elephant%20is%20classified,elephants%20left%20in%20the%20wild.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117004052/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/a/asian-elephant/#:~:text=The%20Asian%20elephant%20is%20classified,elephants%20left%20in%20the%20wild.|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 17, 2017|title=Asian Elephant | National Geographic|website=[[National Geographic Society]]|date=7 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theconversation.com/what-should-we-do-about-the-15-000-asian-elephants-still-in-captivity-64620#:~:text=Nearly%20one%20in%20three%20Asian,challenges%2C%20but%20also%20some%20opportunities.|title = What should we do about the 15,000 Asian elephants still in captivity?| date=31 August 2016 }}</ref>
|'''1e''' ''Other mammals''
|-
||[[Reindeer#Relationship with humans|Domestic reindeer]] (''Rangifer tarandus domesticus'')
| data-sort-value="-3000" | 3000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Fennoscandia]], Western [[Russia]] (possibly Eastern Russia),<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1098/rspb.2008.0332 |pmid=18460427 |pmc=2593925 |title=Genetic analyses reveal independent domestication origins of Eurasian reindeer |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=275 |issue=1645 |pages=1849–1855 |year=2008 |last1=Roed |first1=K. H. |last2=Flagstad |first2=O. |last3=Nieminen |first3=M. |last4=Holand |first4=O. |last5=Dwyer |first5=M. J. |last6=Rov |first6=N. |last7=Vila |first7=C. }}</ref><br> [[China]], [[Mongolia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, leather, hides, antlers, transportation, mount, pets
|[[File:Caribou using antlers.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Common ostrich|Common]] (''Struthio camelus'') and [[Somali ostrich]]es (''S. molybdophanes'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Africa]], [[Mesopotamia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, sacrifices
|[[File:Des autruches observés dans la ferme Tatagtou à Dassari dans la commune de Matéri.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2f''' ''Palaeognathae''
|-
||[[Scimitar oryx|Scimitar-horned oryx]] (''Oryx dammah'')
| data-sort-value="-2310" | 2320–2150 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Egypt]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, horns, sacrifices
|[[File:Scimitar oryx1.jpg|130px]]
|
| Small captive population, but nearly extinct in the wild
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Caracal]] (''Caracal caracal'')<ref>{{cite web|last=www.netboot.ch|first=Programmierung: Netboot Internet Solutions|title=CatSG: Caracal|url=http://www.catsg.org/m/index.php?id=111|website=www.catsg.org}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="200" | date uncertain, possibly 200 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Egypt]], [[Indian Subcontinent|India]], [[Southern Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|hunting, pest control, pets
|[[File:Caracl (01), Paris, décembre 2013.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Cheetah]] (''Acinonyx jubatus'') including subspecies [[Southeast African cheetah|Southeast African]] (''A. j. jubatus''), [[Northeast African cheetah|Northeast African]] (''A. j. soemmeringii'') and [[Asiatic cheetah]]s (''A. j. venaticus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=March 10, 2017|title=Ancient people in India and the Middle East tamed cheetahs and trained them to ride horses|url=https://www.thevintagenews.com/2017/03/10/ancient-people-in-india-and-the-middle-east-tamed-cheetahs-and-trained-them-to-ride-horses/|access-date=24 October 2018|publisher=[[The Vintage News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=July 25, 2018|title=Cheetah cub petting is simply a selfie opportunity|url=https://www.iol.co.za/ios/opinion/cheetah-cub-petting-is-simply-a-selfie-opportunity-16227651|access-date=8 April 2020|publisher=[[Independent Online (South Africa)]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-1500" | 1500 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Egypt]], [[India]], the [[Middle East]], [[South Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|hunting, tourism, pets
|[[File:Gepard soemmeringii.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Bubal hartebeest]] (''Alcelaphus buselaphus buselaphus'')†
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Egypt]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, horns, sacrifices
|[[File:Bubalhartebeest-londonzoo.jpg|130px]]
| Historically farmed
| Extinct in the wild and in captivity
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Mandarin duck]] (''Aix galericulata'')
| data-sort-value="-9998" |[[History of China|pre-modern China]] (date uncertain)
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, ornamental, pets
|[[File:Aix galericulata - Zürich - Hafen Riesbach 2011-01-14 15-58-32.JPG|130px]]
|
|
|'''2a''' ''Anseriformes''
|-
||[[Egyptian goose]] (''Alopochen aegyptiacus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Egypt]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, guarding, ornamental, pets
|[[File:Alopochen-aegyptiacus.jpg|130px]]
|
| Common in the wild and in captivity, feral populations very common
|'''2a''' ''Anseriformes''
|-
||[[Leopard cat]] (''Prionailurus bengalensis'')<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vigne |first1= J.D. |last2=Evin |first2=A. |last3=Cucchi |first3=T. |last4=Dai |first4=L. |last5=Yu |first5=C. |last6=Hu |first6=S. |last7=Soulages |first7=N. |last8=Wang |first8=W. |last9=Sun |first9=Z. |last10=Gao |first10=J. |last11=Dobney |first11=K. |last12=Yuan |first12=J. |year=2016 |title=Earliest "Domestic" Cats in China Identified as Leopard Cat (''Prionailurus bengalensis'') |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=e0147295 |doi-access=free |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0147295 |pmid=26799955 |pmc=4723238 |bibcode=2016PLoSO..1147295V}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-5000" | 5000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, pets
|[[File:Bengalkatze.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Common genet]] (''Genetta genetta'')<ref>{{cite web|date=August 31, 2012|title=Search for the Common Genet (Genetta genetta) and other species in Southern France|url=http://www.rewildingfoundation.org/2012/08/31/in-search-for-the-genet-genetta-genetta-in-southern-france/|access-date=27 September 2017|publisher=[[Rewilding Foundation]]|archive-date=28 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928055953/http://www.rewildingfoundation.org/2012/08/31/in-search-for-the-genet-genetta-genetta-in-southern-france/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, pets
|[[File:Genetta genetta felina (Wroclaw zoo).JPG|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Apis cerana|Eastern honey bee]] (''Apis cerana'') including subspecies [[Apis cerana|Chinese]] (''A. c. cerana''), [[Apis cerana indica|Indian]] (''A. c. indica'') and [[Apis cerana japonica|Japanese honey bee]]s (''A. c. japonica'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South Asia]], [[Thailand]], [[Japan]], [[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|honey, wax, pollination
|[[File:Apis cerana, Asiatic honey bee - Khao Yai National Park.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''6a''' ''Hymenoptera''
|-
||[[Fallow deer|European fallow]] (''Dama dama'') and [[Persian fallow deer]] (''D. mesopotamica'')<ref>{{cite web|date=November 13, 2014|title=The Story of the Fallow Deer: An Exotic Aspect of British Globalisation|url=https://www.environmentalhistory-au-nz.org/2014/11/the-story-of-the-fallow-deer-an-exotic-aspect-of-british-globalisation/|access-date=12 July 2020|publisher=[[Environmental History]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-1000" | 1000 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Mediterranean Basin]], the [[Levant]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, antlers, pets
|[[File:Fallow deer in field.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Hirudo medicinalis|European medicinal leech]] (''Hirudo medicinalis'')<ref>{{cite web|date=July 21, 2019|title=People Are Keeping Parasitic Leeches as Pets, And Letting Them Drink Their Blood|url=https://www.sciencealert.com/people-are-keeping-parasitic-leeches-as-pets-and-letting-them-drink-their-own-blood|access-date=29 April 2020|publisher=[[ScienceAlert]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=September 3, 2001|title=Leech saliva drug could cut heart attacks by a third|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/newzealand/1339367/Leech-saliva-drug-could-cut-heart-attacks-by-a-third.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/newzealand/1339367/Leech-saliva-drug-could-cut-heart-attacks-by-a-third.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=23 June 2020|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-800" | 800 BCE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|bloodletting, surgery, therapy, research, saliva, pets
|[[File:Svømmende blodigle.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''7b''' ''Annelida''
|-
||[[Cochineal]] (''Dactylopius coccus'')
| data-sort-value="-690" | 700–500 BCE<ref name="wichita1"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Chile]], [[Peru]], [[Mexico]]
| style="text-align:center;"|dye
|[[File:Dactylopius coccus (Barlovento) 04 ies.jpg|130px]]
|
| Very common in the wild
|'''6d''' ''Other insects''
|-
||[[Indian peafowl|Indian]] (''Pavo cristatus'') and [[green peafowl]] (''P. muticus'')
| data-sort-value="500" | 500 BCE <small>(uncertain for ''P. muticus'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[India]], [[Java]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, feathers, ornamental, guarding, pest control, pets
|[[File:Indian Peahens I IMG 9647.jpg|130px]]
|
| Fairly common in the wild
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Common hill myna]] (''Gracula religiosa'')
| data-sort-value="-9998" | kept in [[ancient Greece]], date of captive breeding uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Greece]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, talking bird
|[[File:Beo-2.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
||[[Rose-ringed parakeet]] (''Psittacula krameri'') including subspecies [[Rose-ringed parakeet|African]] (''P. k. krameri'') and [[Rose-ringed parakeet|Indian rose-ringed parakeet]]s (''P. k. manillensis''); [[Alexandrine Parakeet]]s (''P. eupatria'')
| data-sort-value="-9998" |[[classical antiquity]] (date uncertain)
| style="text-align:center;"|[[West Africa]], [[India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, talking bird
|[[File:Rose-ringed Parakeet I IMG 9797.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred, [[Rose-ringed parakeet#Aviculture|plumage colour changes]]
|
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Red deer]] (''Cervus elaphus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=October 23, 2018|title=Milking the potential of deer|url=https://www.deernz.org/milking-potential-deer|access-date=8 October 2019|publisher=[[Deer Industry New Zealand]]|archive-date=8 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191008163651/https://www.deernz.org/milking-potential-deer|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=June 27, 2018|title=Deer Milk Is Apparently a Real Thing (in New Zealand)|url=https://modernfarmer.com/2018/06/deer-milk-is-apparently-a-real-thing-in-new-zealand/|access-date=8 October 2019|publisher=[[Modern Farmer (magazine)|Modern Farmer]]}}</ref> including subspecies [[Caspian red deer|Caspian]] (''C. e. maral''), [[Norwegian red deer|Norwegian]] (''C. e. atlanticus'') and [[Scottish red deer]] (''C. e. scoticus'')
| data-sort-value="1" | ~1 CE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]], [[Russia]], [[Europe]] (including the [[United Kingdom]]), [[Iran]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, milk, leather, hides, antlers, velvet, pets
|[[File:Deer Stag AdF.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Roman snail]] (''Helix pomatia'')
| data-sort-value="100" | 100 CE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, shells, slime, pets
|[[File:Helix pomatia 89a.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''7a''' ''Mollusca''
|-
||[[Stingless bee]]s (''Melipona beecheii''), (''M. scutellaris''), (''M. bicolor''), (''M. quadrifasciata'') and (''M. subnitida'')
| data-sort-value="180" | 180 CE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Mexico]], the [[Amazon basin|Amazon Basin]]
| style="text-align:center;"|honey, wax, propolis, pollination, pets
|[[File:M. scutellaris Hive.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''6a''' ''Hymenoptera''
|-
||[[White cockatoo|White]] (''Cacatua alba''), [[Sulphur-crested cockatoo|sulphur-crested]] (''C. galerita''), [[Salmon-crested cockatoo|Salmon-crested]] (''C. moluccensis''), [[Blue-eyed cockatoo|blue-eyed]] (''C. ophthalmica''), and [[Red-vented cockatoo]]s (''C. haematuropygia''); [[Long-billed corella|long-billed]] (''C. tenuirostris''), [[Western corella|western]] (''C. pastinator''), [[Little corella|little]] (''C. sanguinea'') and [[Tanimbar corella]]s (''C. goffiniana'')
| data-sort-value="619" | the [[Tang dynasty]] (618–907 CE) <small>(''C. alba'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]], [[Australia]], [[Indonesia]], [[New Guinea]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, show
|[[File:Cacatua alba -pet-8a.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Great cormorant|Great]] (''Phalacrocorax carbo'') and [[Japanese cormorant]]s (''P. capillatus'')
| data-sort-value="960" | 960 CE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]], [[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|fishing
|[[File:Phalacrocorax carbo ja01.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2h''' ''Other birds''
|-
||[[Mute swan]] (''Cygnus olor'')
| data-sort-value="1100" | 1000-1500 CE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]] (including the [[United Kingdom]])
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, feathers, ornamental, guarding, pets
|[[File:CygneVaires.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2a''' ''Anseriformes''
|-
||[[House cricket]] (''Acheta domesticus'')
| data-sort-value="1210" | the 12th century CE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Western Asia|Southwestern Asia]], [[China]], [[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, animal feed, fighting, pets
|[[File:Acheta domesticus, adultes Weibchen.jpg|130px]]
|
| Somewhat common in captivity, very common in the wild
|'''6d''' ''Other insects''
|-
||[[Common quail]] (''Coturnix coturnix'')
| data-sort-value="1110" | 1100–1900 CE
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Eurasia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, research, pets
|[[File:Coturnix coturnix, Fraunberg, Bayern, Deutschland 1.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Common carp]] (''Cyprinus carpio'')
| data-sort-value="1210" | 1200–1500 CE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, pets
|[[File:LakePowellCarp5437.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5a''' ''Cyprinidae''
|-
||[[Java sparrow]] (''Lonchura oryzivora'')
| data-sort-value="1369" | the [[Ming dynasty]] (1368–1644 CE)
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, singing
|[[File:Buberel Lonchura oryzivora 3.jpg|130px]]
| Non-wild coloration pied and fancy colored Java sparrows from long Asian captivity lines are hand tamable
| Threatened in the wild
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
||[[Siamese fighting fish]] or betta (''Betta splendens''); [[Spotted betta]] (''B. picta'')
| data-sort-value="1850" | the 19th century [[Common Era|CE]] <small>(uncertain for ''B. picta'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Thailand]], [[Malaysia]], [[Borneo]]
| style="text-align:center;" |fighting, show, pets
|[[File:HM Orange M Sarawut.jpg|130px]]
| Very significant physical and slight behavioral changes
| Common in captivity
|'''5c''' ''Anabantiformes''
|-
||[[Northern bobwhite]] (''Colinus virginianus'') including subspecies masked bobwhite (''C. v. ridgwayi'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[United States]], [[Sonora]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, pets
|[[File:Virginiawachtel 2007-06-16 065.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred, plumage changes
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[European goldfinch]] (''Carduelis carduelis'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, singing
|[[File:Carduelis carduelis close up.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
||[[Indian grey mongoose]] (''Urva edwardsii'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, fighting, pets
|[[File:Herpestes edwardsii at Hyderaba.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Golden pheasant|Golden]] (''Chrysolophus pictus'') and [[Lady Amherst's pheasant]]s (''C. amherstiae'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" |[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;" |ornamental, pest control, pets
|[[File:Male Golden Pheasant DC.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
|[[Cassowary]] (''Casuarius spp.''),<ref name="FAO-WORLD WATCH LIST for domestic animal diversity">{{Cite book |title=World Watch List for domestic animal diversity |date=2000-10-01 |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]] |isbn=92-5-104511-9 |edition=3rd |___location=[[Rome]] |language=EN |url=https://www.fao.org/docrep/pdf/009/x8750e/x8750e.pdf |others=Edited by Beate D. Scherf |access-date=2025-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250206191151/https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/5221e817-f4fb-48de-9e3c-9fcaaa5087b1/content |archive-date=2025-02-06 |archive-format=PDF |url-status=live}}</ref> especially ''[[Casuarius casuarius]]''<ref name="FAO-DAD-IS">{{Cite web |title=Domestic Animal Diversity Information System (DAD-IS) |url=https://www.fao.org/dad-is/browse-by-country-and-species/en/ |date= |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=[[DAD-IS]] |author-link=Food and Agriculture Organization}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="0" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Papua New Guinea]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, feathers, bones, toenails, ritual, status symbol
|[[File:Southern Cassowary.jpg|130px]]
|Not fully domesticated; longstanding village-based rearing, traditionally wild-caught chicks reared by hand
| Large, flightless ratites; adults can be extremely dangerous and are only semi-tame in captivity; limited successful breeding when confined |Still relatively abundant in the wild but declining; captive rearing occurs in some highland villages
|'''2f''' ''Palaeognathae''
|-
||[[Common pheasant|Common]] (''Phasianus colchicus'') and [[green pheasant]]s (''P. versicolor'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Asia]], [[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, eggs, ornamental, pest control, pets
|[[File:Pheasant.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Sika deer]] (''Cervus nippon'')<ref>{{cite web|date=March 29, 2019|title=How to (safely) enjoy Japan's famed deer park|url=https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/nara-park-deer-japan/index.html|access-date=6 April 2020|publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" |[[China]], [[Taiwan]], [[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, hides, antlers, tourism, pets
|[[File:Sikahjort.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Common eland|Common]] (''Taurotragus oryx'') and [[Giant eland]] (''T. derbianus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Zimbabwe]], [[South Africa]], [[Kenya]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, milk, leather, hides, horns
|[[File:Taurotragus oryx.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[American alligator]] (''Alligator mississippiensis'')<ref>{{cite web|date=April 7, 2008|title=Alligator Blood May Lead to Powerful New Antibiotics|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2008/04/alligator-blood-antibiotics/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608150852/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2008/04/alligator-blood-antibiotics/|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 8, 2019|access-date=26 January 2020|publisher=[[National Geographic]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" | the [[southeastern United States]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, hides, teeth, blood, pets
| [[Image:American Alligator.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
| Once uncommon in the wild; captive breeding has led to the species both recovering across and repopulating much of its range.
|'''3d''' ''Other reptiles''
|-
||Eurasian elk or [[moose]] (''Alces alces'')<ref>{{cite web|date=December 2, 2013|title=Once Upon A Time We Farmed Moose|url=https://onpasture.com/2013/12/02/once-upon-a-time-we-farmed-moose/|access-date=18 January 2018|publisher=[[On Pasture]]}}</ref> including subspecies [[Alaska moose|Alaskan moose]] (''A. a. gigas'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Russia]], [[Finland]], [[Sweden]], [[Alaska]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, milk, hides, antlers, working, draft, mount, transportation, research, pets
| [[Image:Milkmaid-and-Moose-Cow-hp4080.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Budgerigar]] (''Melopsittacus undulatus'')
| data-sort-value="1851" | the 1850s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets, show, talking bird
|[[File:Melopsittacus undulatus -Zoo Atlanta-8a.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred, [[Budgerigar colour genetics|plumage colour/pattern changes]], some breeds are physically larger
| Fairly common in the wild and in captivity
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Cockatiel]] (''Nymphicus hollandicus'')
| data-sort-value="1871" | the 1870s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets, show, talking bird
|[[File:Nymphicus hollandicus -garden-8.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred, [[Cockatiel colour genetics|plumage colour/pattern changes]]
| Common in the wild and in captivity
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Elk]] or wapiti (''Cervus canadensis'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" | [[North America]], [[Russia]], [[China]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, leather, hides, antlers, velvet, pets
|[[File:Rocky Mountain Bull Elk.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[European mink]] (''Mustela lutreola'')
| data-sort-value="1850" | the 1800s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Europe]], [[Russia]]
| style="text-align:center;" |fur
|[[File:Mink1.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Coypu]] or nutria (''Myocastor coypus'')
| data-sort-value="1910" | the late 19th to the early 20th century CE
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Argentina]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, fur, aquatic weed control, pets
|[[File:Ratao do banhado 1 REFON.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
|[[Guppy]] (''Poecilia reticulata'');<ref name="Guideon, et al.">{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s10126-002-0007-z |pmid=14961248 |title=Genetic Diversity Within and Among Feral Populations and Domesticated Strains of the Guppy (''Poecilia reticulata'') in Singapore |journal=Marine Biotechnology |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=367–378 |year=2002 |last1=Khoo |first1=Gideon |last2=Lim |first2=Kok Fang |last3=Gan |first3=Damien K.Y. |last4=Chen |first4=Fan |last5=Chan |first5=Woon-Khiong |last6=Lim |first6=Tit Meng |last7=Phang |first7=Violet P.E. |bibcode=2002MarBt...4..367K |s2cid=8358855 }}</ref> [[Cauca molly|Cauca]] (''P. caucana''), [[Sailfin molly|sailfin]] (''P. latipinna''), [[Poecilia mexicana|shortfin]] (''P. mexicana''), [[Liberty molly|liberty]] (''P. salvatoris''), [[Poecilia sphenops|common]] (''P. sphenops''), and [[Poecilia velifera|Yucatán mollies]] (''P. velifera''); [[Poecilia wingei|Endler's livebearer]] (''P. wingei'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Barbados]], [[Brazil]], [[El Salvador]], [[Guyana]], [[Mexico]], [[Venezuela]]
| style="text-align:center;" |bait, pest control, research, pets
|[[File:Guppy coppia gialla.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Drosophila melanogaster|Lesser fruit fly]], vinegar fly or pomace fly (''Drosophila melanogaster'')
| data-sort-value="1911" | the 1910s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Australia]], [[South Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;" |research, animal feed
|[[File:Drosophila melanogaster - side (aka).jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6d''' ''Other insects''
|-
||[[Chinese hamster]] (''Cricetulus griseus'')
| data-sort-value="1921" | the 1920s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;" |research, biotechnology, pets
|[[File:Chinesedsaffa.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Rosy-faced lovebird|Rosy-faced]] (''Agapornis roseicollis''), [[Yellow-collared lovebird|yellow-collared]] (''A. personatus''), and [[Fischer's lovebird]]s (''A. fischeri'')
| data-sort-value="1921" | the 1920s <small>(uncertain for ''A. personatus'', ''A. fischeri'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Africa]], [[Madagascar]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets
|[[File:Agapornis fischeri -Ueno Zoo, Japan -three-8a-4c.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred, [[Rosy-faced lovebird colour genetics|plumage colour/pattern changes]] in rosy-faced lovebird
|
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Rainbowfish]]es (Melanotaeniidae; various species and subspecies)
| data-sort-value="1921" | the 1920s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Northern Australia|northern]] and [[Eastern states of Australia|eastern]] [[Australia]], [[New Guinea]], islands in [[Cenderawasih Bay]] and the [[Raja Ampat Islands]] in [[Indonesia]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pest control, pets
|[[File:Red m boesemani.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Golden hamster]] (''Mesocricetus auratus'')
| data-sort-value="1931" | the 1930s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Syria]], [[Turkey]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets, research
|[[File:Golden hamster front 1.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Turkish hamster]] (''Mesocricetus brandti'')
| data-sort-value="1910" | the 20th century CE
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Iran]], [[Russia]], [[Turkey]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets, research
|[[File:Хомяк брандта.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Long-tailed chinchilla]] (''Chinchilla lanigera'')
| data-sort-value="1931" | the 1930s
| style="text-align:center;" |the [[Andes]]
| style="text-align:center;" |fur, research, pets
|[[File:Chinchilla lanigera1.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Short-tailed chinchilla]] (''Chinchilla chinchilla'')
| data-sort-value="1931" | the 1930s
| style="text-align:center;" |the [[Andes]]
| style="text-align:center;" |fur
|[[File:Chinchilla brevicaudata.jpg|130px]]
| Raised in captivity
| Critically endangered in the wild
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Daphnia magna|Water flea]] (''Daphnia magna'')
| data-sort-value="1931" | the 1930s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[North America]], [[Eurasia]], [[Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;" |research, animal feed
|[[File:Daphnia magna-female adult.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''6e''' ''Other arthropods''
|-
||[[African clawed frog|African]] (''Xenopus laevis'') and [[western clawed frog]]s (''X. tropicalis'')
| data-sort-value="1951" | the 1950s <small>(uncertain for ''X. tropicalis'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Southern Africa]], [[West Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;" |research, pets
|[[File:Xenopus laevis 1.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''4a''' ''Anura''
|-
||[[Sea-Monkeys|Sea-monkey]] (''Artemia nyos'')
| data-sort-value="1951" | the 1950s
| style="text-align:center;" |the [[United States]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets, research
|[[File:SeaMonkiesInAquarium.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6e''' ''Other arthropods''
|-
||[[Ball python|Ball]] (''Python regius''), [[Borneo python|Borneo]] (''P. breitensteini''), [[Python curtus|Sumatran short-tailed]] (''P. curtus'') and [[Python brongersmai|Brongersma's short-tailed python]]s (''P. brongersmai'')
| data-sort-value="1961" | the 1960s <small>(uncertain for ''P. breitensteini'', ''P. curtus'' and ''P. brongersmai'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Africa]], [[Sumatra]], [[Borneo]], [[Malaysia]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets
|[[File:Ball python lucy.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3a''' ''Serpentes''
|-
||[[Burmese python]] (''Python bivittatus'') including subspecies [[dwarf Burmese python]] (''P. b. progschai'')<ref>{{cite web|date=January 25, 2017|title=Gucci owner gets teeth into snakeskin market with python farm|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/jan/25/gucci-snakeskin-python-farm-kering-saint-laurent-and-alexander-mcqueen|access-date=31 January 2020|work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=March 31, 2014|title=Kering and IUCN Boa & Python Specialist Group announce first report on captive breeding|url=https://www.iucn.org/content/kering-and-iucn-boa-python-specialist-group-announce-first-report-captive-breeding|access-date=31 January 2020|publisher=[[International Union for Conservation of Nature|IUCN]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Myanmar]], [[Thailand]], [[Bali]], [[Java]], [[Sulawesi]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, skins, medicine, pets
|[[File:Python bivittatus тигровый питон.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3a''' ''Serpentes''
|-
||[[Campbell's dwarf hamster|Campbell's]] (''Phodopus campbelli''), [[Winter white dwarf hamster|winter white]] (''P. sungorus'') and [[Roborovski dwarf hamster]]s (''P. roborovskii'')
| data-sort-value="1961" | the 1960s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Mongolia]], [[Russia]], [[China]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets, research
|[[File:Phodopus roborovskii side.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Axolotl]] (''Ambystoma mexicanum''); [[Tiger salamander|tiger]] (''A. tigrinum'') and [[barred tiger salamander]]s (''A. mavortium'')
| data-sort-value="1910" | the 20th century CE <small>(uncertain for ''A. tigrinum'' and ''A. mavortium'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Mexico]], the [[United States]]
| style="text-align:center;" |research, pets
|[[File:Ambystoma mexicanum at Vancouver Aquarium.jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| ''A. mexicanum'' Critically endangered in the wild; ''A. tigrinum'' and ''A. mavortium'' less threatened
|'''4b''' ''Other amphibians''
|-
||[[Common leopard gecko]] (''Eublepharis macularius'')
| data-sort-value="1910" | the 20th century CE <small>(uncertain for ''E. m. afghanicus'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Pakistan]], [[Afghanistan]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets
|[[File:Male Leopard Gecko.JPG|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Somewhat common in captivity
|'''3b''' ''Lacertilia''
|-
||[[American bison]] (''Bison bison'') including subspecies [[wood bison]] (''B. b. athabascae'')
| data-sort-value="1910" | the 20th century CE <small>(uncertain for ''B. b. athabascae'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, leather, hides, fiber, horns, guarding, pets
|[[File:Tatanka.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Companion parrot]]s (Psittaciformes; various species and subspecies)<ref>{{cite journal|last=Engebretson|first=M.|year=2006|title=The welfare and suitability of parrots as companion animals: a review|url=http://www.avianwelfare.org/issues/WelfareAndSuitabilityOfExoticBirds-1.pdf|journal=Animal Welfare|volume=15|issue=#3|pages=263–276|doi=10.1017/S0962728600030475 |s2cid=38251688 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=July 17, 2015|title=Therapy Birds: Emotional Support Animal? Or Merely A Pet?|url=https://petcentral.chewy.com/therapy-birds-emotional-support-animal-or-merely-a-pet/|access-date=27 March 2020|publisher=[[Pet Central]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="1981" | the 1980s and 1990s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Australia]], [[Africa]], [[Asia]], [[North America]], [[Central America]], [[South America]], [[New Zealand]], [[Papua New Guinea]], [[New Caledonia]], [[Fiji]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets, show, talking bird, ornamental, guarding, education, therapy
|[[File:Congo African Grey pet on a perch.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred, plumage colour changes in some species (e.g. [[Grey parrot#Mutations|grey parrot]], [[Turquoise-fronted amazon#Aviculture|turquoise-fronted amazon]], [[Green-cheeked parakeet#Color Variations|green-cheeked parakeet]] and others)
|
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Poison dart frog]]s (Dendrobatidae spp.)
| data-sort-value="1910" | the mid- to late 20th century CE
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Guyana]], [[Suriname]], [[Brazil]], [[French Guiana]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Panama]], [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets
|[[File:Dendrobates tinctorius - Karlsruhe Zoo 05.jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes; loss of toxicity
|
|'''4a''' ''Anura''
|-
||[[Lampropeltis getula|Common]] (''Lampropeltis getula''), [[gray-banded kingsnake|grey-banded]] (''L. alterna''), and [[Lampropeltis mexicana thayeri|Thayer's kingsnakes]] (''L. mexicana thayeri''); [[Milk snake]] (''L. triangulum'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Arizona]], [[Florida]], [[Mexico]], [[California]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets
|[[File:Lampropeltis getula getula.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''3a''' ''Serpentes''
|-
||[[Corn snake|Corn]] (''Pantherophis guttatus'') and [[Pantherophis obsoletus|western rat snakes]] (''P. obsoletus'')
| data-sort-value="1961" | the 1960s <small>(uncertain for ''P. obsoletus'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |the [[United States]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets
|[[File:Kornnatter.jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
| Somewhat common in captivity, common in the wild
|'''3a''' ''Serpentes''
|-
||[[Madagascar hissing cockroach|Madagascar]] (''Gromphadorhina portentosa'') and [[Gromphadorhina oblongonota|wide-horned hissing cockroach]]es (''G. oblongonota'')
| data-sort-value="1961" | the 1960s <small>(uncertain for ''G. oblongonota'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Madagascar]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets
|[[File:Female Madagascar hissing cockroach.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6c''' ''Blattodea''
|-
||[[Central bearded dragon]] (''Pogona vitticeps'') and related species
| data-sort-value="1971" | the 1970s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pets
|[[File:Bartagame (fcm).jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
|
|'''3b''' ''Lacertilia''
|-
||[[Silver carp]] (''Hypophthalmichthys molitrix'')<ref name="factsheet">{{cite web|title=USGS NAS silver carp fact sheet|url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.asp?speciesID=549|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090510112413/http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.asp?speciesID=549|archive-date=2009-05-10|access-date=2019-01-13}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="1971" | the 1970s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;" |meat, algae control
|[[File:Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Hungary.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5a''' ''Cyprinidae''
|-
||[[Sugar glider]] (''Petaurus breviceps'')<ref>{{cite web|date=August 20, 2015|title=Cute native sugar gliders offer pest control solution for southern NSW farmers|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2015-08-19/sugar-gliders-helping-farmers/6709334|access-date=5 January 2019|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="1981" | the 1980s
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;" |pest control, pets
|[[File:Petaurus breviceps 1.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1e''' ''Other mammals''
|-
||[[Buff-tailed bumblebee|Buff-tailed]] (''Bombus terrestris'') and [[Bombus impatiens|common eastern bumblebee]]s (''B. impatiens'')
| data-sort-value="1981" | the 1980s <small>(uncertain for ''B. impatiens'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Europe]] (including the [[United Kingdom]]), [[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;" |wax, pollination
|[[File:Bumblebee October 2007-3a.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''6a''' ''Hymenoptera''
|-
|[[Gambian pouched rat|Gambian]] (''Cricetomys gambianus'') and [[Emin's pouched rat]]s (''C. emini'')
| data-sort-value="1997" | at least 1997,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.apopo.org/en/about/who/history|title=We train rats to save lives.|work=APOPO - we train rats to save lives|access-date=2017-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730181929/https://www.apopo.org/en/about/who/history|archive-date=2016-07-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> but possibly the early 1990s <small>(uncertain for ''C. emini'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Sub-Saharan Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, landmine detection, tuberculosis detection, pest control, pets
|
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Greater rhea|Greater]] or Ñandú (''Rhea americana'') and [[Darwin's rhea]]s (''R. pennata'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Lesser Rheas on a farm in Argentina. | Download Scientific Diagram|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Lesser-Rheas-on-a-farm-in-Argentina_fig2_233599265|access-date=2020-03-29}}</ref><ref name="FAO-DAD-IS" />
| data-sort-value="1991" | the 1990s <small>(uncertain for ''R. pennata'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil, pets
|[[File:Rhea side profile.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2f''' ''Palaeognathae''
|-
||[[Emu#Taxonomy|Australian emu]] (''Dromaius novaehollandiae novaehollandiae'')
| data-sort-value="1991" | the 1990s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, leather, oil, guarding, pets
|[[File:Emu-wild.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2f''' ''Palaeognathae''
|-
||[[Fringe-eared oryx]] (''Oryx beisa callotis'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Kenya]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, leather, hides, horns
|[[File:Beisa, Tsawo-Wes, Kenia.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Common degu]] (''Octodon degus'')
| data-sort-value="1991" | the 1990s
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Chile]]an [[Andes]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, research
|[[File:Octodon degus -Heidelberg Zoo, Germany-8a.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Mongolian gerbil]] (''Meriones unguiculatus''); [[Persian jird|Persian]] (''M. persicus''), [[Libyan jird|Libyan]] (''M. libycus''), [[Shaw's jird|Shaw's]] (''M. shawi''), [[Tristram's jird|Tristram's]] (''M. tristrami'') and [[Sundevall's jird]]s (''M. crassus'')
| data-sort-value="1991" | the 1990s <small>(uncertain for ''M. persicus'', ''M. libycus'', ''M. shawi'', ''M. tristrami'' and ''M. crassus'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Mongolia]], [[Algeria]], [[Iran]], [[Libya]], [[Turkey]], [[Egypt]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, research
|[[File:Golden Agouti Male 4-1-05.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Green iguana|Green]] (''Iguana iguana'') and [[Lesser Antillean iguana]]s (''I. delicatissima'')
| data-sort-value="1991" | the 1990s <small>(uncertain for ''I. delicatissima'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South America]], the [[Lesser Antilles]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, leather, pets
|[[File:St Thomas Marriott Iguana 9 cropped.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3b''' ''Lacertilia''
|-
||[[Carpet python]] (''Morelia spilota'') including subspecies [[Morelia spilota spilota|diamond python]] (''M. s. spilota''); [[Morelia spilota mcdowelli|eastern]] (''M. s. mcdowelli''), [[Morelia spilota metcalfei|Murray Darling]] (''M. s. metcalfei''), [[Morelia spilota variegata|Torresian]] (''M. s. variegata'') and [[Morelia spilota cheynei|jungle carpet python]]s (''M. s. cheynei'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Indonesia]], [[Australia]], [[New Guinea]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Australian-Carpet-Python.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3a''' ''Serpentes''
|-
||[[Green tree python|Southern green tree]] (''Morelia viridis''), [[Morelia imbricata|southwestern carpet]] (''M. imbricata''), [[Rough-scaled python|rough-scaled]] (''M. carinata'') and [[Morelia bredli|Bredl's python]]s (''M. bredli'')
| data-sort-value="1991" | the mid-1990s <small>(uncertain for ''M. carinata'' and ''M. bredli'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Indonesia]], [[Australia]], [[New Guinea]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Morelia-viridis.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3a''' ''Serpentes''
|-
||[[Red-tailed black cockatoo|Red-tailed]] ''(Calyptorhynchus banksii''), [[Yellow-tailed black cockatoo|yellow-tailed]] (''C. funereus'') and [[glossy black cockatoo]]s (''C. lathami'')
| data-sort-value="1991" | the late 1990s <small>(uncertain for ''C. funereus'' and ''C. lathami'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, education
|[[File:Red tailed Black Cockatoo in flight.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Gouldian finch]] (''Chloebia gouldiae'')
| data-sort-value="1991" | the late 1990s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, show
|[[File:Male adult Gouldian Finch.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
||[[Australian green tree frog|Australian green]] (''Ranoidea caerulea''), [[Ranoidea chloris|orange-eyed]] (''R. chloris''), [[Leaf green tree frog|leaf green]] (''R. phyllochroa''), [[Mountain stream tree frog|mountain stream]] (''R. barringtonensis''), [[Magnificent tree frog|magnificent]] (''R. splendida''), [[Blue Mountains tree frog|Blue Mountains]] (''R. citropa'') and [[dainty green tree frog]]s (''R. gracilenta''); [[growling grass frog]] (''R. raniformis'')
| data-sort-value="1910" | the late 20th century CE <small>(uncertain for ''R. chloris'', ''R. phyllochroa'', ''R. barringtonensis'', ''R. splendida'', ''R. citropa'', ''R. gracilenta'' and ''R. raniformis'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|research, pets
|[[File:Litoria caerulea - Darwin NT.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''4a''' ''Anura''
|-
||[[Argentine horned frog|Argentine]] (''Ceratophrys ornata''), [[Brazilian horned frog|Brazilian]] (''C. aurita''), [[Venezuelan horned frog|Venezuelan]] (''C. calcarata''), [[Surinam horned frog|Surinam]] (''C. cornuta''), [[Caatinga horned frog|Caatinga]] (''C. joazeirensis''), [[Pacific horned frog|Pacific]] (''C. stolzmanni'') and [[Cranwell's horned frog]]s (''C. cranwelli'')
| data-sort-value="1910" | the late 20th century CE <small>(uncertain for ''C. aurita'', ''C. calcarata'', ''C. cornuta'', ''C. joazeirensis'', ''C. stolzmanni'' and ''C. cranwelli'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Argentina]], [[Brazil]], [[Venezuela]], [[Suriname]], [[Ecuador]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Argentine Horned Frog (Ceratophrys ornata)1.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''4a''' ''Anura''
|-
||[[Crucian carp|Crucian]] (''Carassius carassius''), [[Japanese white crucian carp|Japanese white crucian]] (''C. cuvieri'') and [[Prussian carp]] (''C. gibelio''); [[ginbuna]] (''C. langdorfii'')<ref name="nanjo">{{cite journal|last1=Nanjo|first1=A.|last2=Shibata|first2=T.|last3=Saito|first3=M.|last4=Yoshii|first4=K.|last5=Tanaka|first5=M.|last6=Nakanishi|first6=T.|last7=Fukuda|first7=H.|last8=Sakamoto|first8=T.|last9=Kato|first9=G.|last10=Sano|first10=M.|date=2017|title=Susceptibility of isogeneic ginbuna ''Carassius auratus langsdorfii'' Temminck et Schlegel to cyprinid herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2) as a model species|journal=Journal of Fish Diseases|volume=40|issue=2|pages=157–168|doi=10.1111/jfd.12500|pmid=27150547|bibcode=2017JFDis..40..157N }}</ref>
| data-sort-value="2010" | the 2000s <small>(uncertain for ''C. cuvieri'', ''C. gibelio'' and ''C. langdorfii'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[England]], [[Russia]], [[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, research, pets
|[[File:Carassius carassius Prague Vltava 2.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5a''' ''Cyprinidae''
|-
||[[King quail]] (''Synoicus chinensis'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Asia]], [[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Excalfactoria chinensis (aka).jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Common raven|Common]] (''Corvus corax''), [[White-necked raven|white-necked]] (''C. albicollis'') and [[Australian raven]]s (''C. coronoides''); [[Carrion crow|carrion]] (''C. corone''), [[Hooded crow|hooded]] (''C. cornix''), [[American crow|American]] (''C. brachyrhynchos''), [[Pied crow|pied]] (''C. albus'') and [[house crow]]s (''C. splendens''); [[Rook (bird)|rook]] (''C. frugilegus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=12 May 2015|title=Hooded Crows as Pets: Keeping the World's Most Intelligent Bird|url=http://blogs.thatpetplace.com/thatbirdblog/2015/05/12/hooded-crows-as-pets-keeping-the-worlds-most-intelligent-bird/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Woolfson|first=Esther|date=22 April 2013|title=Crazy for crows|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/10003729/Crazy-for-crows.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/10003729/Crazy-for-crows.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=6 May 2013|title=Crows as Pets: The African Pied Crow, a Most Intelligent Bird|url=http://blogs.thatpetplace.com/thatbirdblog/2013/05/06/crows-as-pets-the-african-pied-crow-a-most-intelligent-bird/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CA Fish and Game seek to euthanize pet raven|url=http://ireport.cnn.com/docs/DOC-898667|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316213024/http://ireport.cnn.com/docs/DOC-898667|archive-date=2018-03-16|access-date=2018-02-03|website=CNN iReport}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Corvus brachyrhynchos (American crow)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Corvus_brachyrhynchos/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Corvus frugilegus (rook)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Corvus_frugilegus/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=April 26, 2018|title=I never knew a crow could be so attached to human beings|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/i-never-knew-a-crow-could-be-so-attached-to-human-beings/articleshow/63913013.cms|access-date=17 February 2020|work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Africa]], [[India]], [[Australia]], [[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, research, show, pets, talking bird
|[[File:Corvus albus -Etosha National Park, Namibia-8.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
||[[Oriental darter]] (''Anhinga melanogaster'')<ref>{{cite journal|last=Stonor|first=CR|year=1948|title=Fishing with the Indian Darter (''Anhinga melanogaster'') in Assam|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48201904|journal=J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.|volume=47|issue=4|pages=746–747}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|fishing
|[[File:Oriental darter (Anhinga melanogaster) 21-Mar-2007 6-10-09 AM.JPG|130px]]
|
|
|'''2h''' ''Other birds''
|-
||[[Southern screamer|Southern]] (''Chauna torquata'') and [[northern screamer]]s (''C. chavaria'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|guarding
|[[File:Southern screamer (Chauna torquata).JPG|130px]]
|
|
|'''2a''' ''Anseriformes''
|-
||[[Horned screamer]] (''Anhima cornuta'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Anhima cornuta (horned screamer)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Anhima_cornuta/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|guarding
|[[File:Anhima cornuta -near Manu Wildlife Center, Manu National Park, Peru -three-8.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2a''' ''Anseriformes''
|-
||[[Red-legged seriema]] (''Cariama cristata'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|guarding
|[[File:Red-legged Seriema RWD1.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2h''' ''Other birds''
|-
||[[Golden eagle|Golden]] (''Aquila chrysaetos''),<ref name=":0">{{cite web|date=November 18, 2016|title=Eagles vs drones: French army trains birds of prey for combat|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/eagles-vs-drones-french-army-trains-birds-of-prey-for-combat-1.2873780|access-date=1 March 2020|publisher=[[The Irish Times]]}}</ref>[[Eastern imperial eagle|eastern imperial]] (''A. heliaca''), [[Spanish imperial eagle|Spanish imperial]] (''A. adalberti''), [[Wedge-tailed eagle|wedge-tailed]] (''A. audax''), [[Steppe eagle|steppe]] (''A. nipalensis''), [[Tawny eagle|tawny]] (''A. rapax''), [[Bonelli's eagle|Bonelli's]] (''A. fasciata'') and [[Verreaux's eagle]]s (''A. verreauxii''); [[African hawk-eagle]] (''A. spilogaster'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[North America]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Mongolia]], [[Africa]], [[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|falconry, intercepting, pest control, show, pets
|[[File:Aquila chrysaetos Flickr.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2g''' ''Accipitridae''
|-
||[[Bald eagle|Bald]] (''Haliaeetus leucocephalus'')<ref name=":1">{{cite web|date=February 2, 2016|title=Eagles Trained To Take Down Drones|url=https://gearjunkie.com/eagles-trained-to-attack-drones|access-date=17 January 2018|publisher=[[GearJunkie]]}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|date=April 18, 2019|title=Bald eagles deployed to defend beachgoers from 'scary' seagull attacks|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/04/18/tourism-bosses-hire-two-bald-eagles-defend-beaches-amid-fears/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/04/18/tourism-bosses-hire-two-bald-eagles-defend-beaches-amid-fears/ |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=22 March 2020|publisher=The Daily Telegraph}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and [[white-tailed eagle]]s (''H. albicilla''); [[African fish eagle]] (''H. vocifer''); [[White-bellied sea eagle|white-bellied sea]] (''H. leucogaster'') and [[Steller's sea eagle]]s (''H. pelagicus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North America]], [[Europe]], [[Russia]], [[Africa]], [[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|falconry, intercepting, pest control, show, pets
|[[File:Weisskopf Seeadler haliaeetus leucocephalus 2 amk.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2g''' ''Accipitridae''
|-
||[[Harris's hawk]] (''Parabuteo unicinctus harrisi'')<ref>{{cite web|date=February 18, 2011|title=Couple's falconry business takes off|url=http://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/business/8863767.Couple___s_falconry_business_takes_off/|access-date=26 January 2018|publisher=[[Darlington & Stockton Times]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[United States]]
| style="text-align:center;"|falconry, pest control, show, pets
|[[File:Harris Hawk 1b (5087160692).jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2g''' ''Accipitridae''
|-
||[[Eurasian goshawk|Eurasian]] (''Astur gentilis''),<ref>{{cite web|title=Couple's falconry business takes off|url=http://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/business/8863767.Couple___s_falconry_business_takes_off/|website=Darlington and Stockton Times|date=18 February 2011 }}</ref> [[American goshawk|American]] (''As. atricapillus''), [[Crested goshawk|crested]] (''Lophospiza trivirgata'') and [[African goshawk]]s (''Aerospiza tachiro''); [[Cooper's hawk|Cooper's]] (''As. cooperii'') and [[sharp-shinned hawk]]s (''Accipiter striatus''); [[Eurasian sparrowhawk|Eurasian]] (''Ac. nisus''), [[Ovambo sparrowhawk|Ovambo]] (''Ac. ovampensis''), [[Collared sparrowhawk|collared]] (''T. cirrocephala''), [[Japanese sparrowhawk|Japanese]] (''T. gularis'') and [[black sparrowhawk]]s (''As. melanoleucus''); [[besra]] (''T. virgata''); [[shikra]] (''T. badia''); (all previously placed in the ''Accipiter'' genus)
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Asia]], [[Africa]], [[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|falconry, pest control, show, pets
|[[File:Accipiter gentilis -owned by a falconer in Scotland -upper body-8a.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2g''' ''Accipitridae''
|-
||[[Eurasian eagle-owl]] (''Bubo bubo'')<ref>{{cite news|agency=Press Association|date=29 July 2015|title=Overdue recognition: owl issued library card after solving university's gull woes|newspaper=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2015/jul/29/overdue-recognition-owl-issued-library-card-after-solving-universitys-gull-woes}}</ref> including subspecies [[Eurasian eagle-owl#Subspecies|Western Siberian]] (''B. b. sibiricus''), [[Eurasian eagle-owl#Subspecies|Eastern Siberian]] (''B. b. yenisseensis'') and [[Eurasian eagle-owl#Subspecies|Turkmenian eagle-owl]]s (''B. b. omissus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Russia]], [[Turkmenistan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, show, pets
|[[File:Uhu-muc.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2h''' ''Other birds''
|-
||[[Tawny owl]] (''Strix aluco'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Strix aluco (tawny owl)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Strix_aluco/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]] (including the [[United Kingdom]])
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, show, pets
|[[File:Tawny Owl.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2h''' ''Other birds''
|-
||[[Puna ibis]] (''Plegadis ridgwayi'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Peru]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, pest control
|[[File:Plegadis ridgwayi -Huacarpay Lakes, near Cusco, Peru-8.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2h''' ''Other birds''
|-
||[[Celebes warty pig]] (''Sus celebensis'')<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.3390/ani13010048 |doi-access=free |title=Pigs as Pets: Early Human Relations with the Sulawesi Warty Pig (Sus celebensis) |date=2022 |last1=Brumm |first1=Adam |journal=Animals |volume=13 |issue=1 |page=48 |pmid=36611658 |pmc=9817959 }}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Sulawesi]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, tusks, pets
|[[File:Sus celebensis.png|130px]]
| Historically farmed
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Red-necked wallaby]] (''Notamacropus rufogriseus''),<ref>{{cite web|date=May 11, 2009|title=Gardeners buy wallabies as lawnmowers|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/earthnews/5306595/Gardeners-buy-wallabies-as-lawnmowers.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/earthnews/5306595/Gardeners-buy-wallabies-as-lawnmowers.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=10 October 2019|publisher=The Daily Telegraph}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="2010" | the 2000s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Tasmania]], [[South Australia]], [[Western Australia]], [[New South Wales]]
| style="text-align:center;"|lawn mowing, research, tourism, pets
|[[File:Red-necked wallaby.gk.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1e''' ''Other mammals''
|-
||[[Red kangaroo]] (''Osphranter rufus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=November 8, 2010|title=Forget cattle, kangaroos are the future of farming|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/108444484/forget-cattle-kangaroos-are-the-future-of-farming|access-date=18 February 2020|publisher=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, leather, tourism, pets
|[[File:Red kangaroo - melbourne zoo.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1e''' ''Other mammals''
|-
||[[Tiger quoll|Tiger]] (''Dasyurus maculatus''), [[Eastern quoll|eastern]] (''D. viverrinus''), [[Western quoll|western]] (''D. geoffroii'') and [[northern quoll]]s (''D. hallucatus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=March 19, 2015|title=Senator wants to kick start discussion about allowing certain native animals as pets|url=http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/home/pets/senator-wants-to-kick-start-discussion-about-allowing-certain-native-animals-as-pets/news-story/93fe0545c9fb3d591336f37795093176|access-date=1 February 2018|publisher=[[news.com.au]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dasyurus viverrinus (eastern quoll)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Dasyurus_viverrinus/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160516040835/http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Dasyurus_viverrinus/|archive-date=2016-05-16|access-date=2018-02-01|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dasyurus geoffroii (western quoll)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Dasyurus_geoffroii/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dasyurus hallucatus (northern quoll)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Dasyurus_hallucatus/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, pets
|[[File:Dasyurus maculatus.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1e''' ''Other mammals''
|-
||[[Smooth-coated otter]] (''Lutrogale perspicillata'')<ref>{{cite journal|author=Feeroz, M. M., Begum, S. and Hasan, M. K.|year=2011|title=Fishing with Otters: a Traditional Conservation Practice in Bangladesh|url=http://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/Bulletin/Volume28A/Feeroz_et_al_2011.html|journal=Proceedings of XIth International Otter Colloquium. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin|issue=28A|pages=14–21}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Bangladesh]]
| style="text-align:center;"|fishing, pets
|[[File:Smooth-coat-otter.JPG|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Beech marten]] (''Martes foina'')<ref>{{cite web|last=Parsons|first=Eleanor|title=The 1830s seamstress who solved Aristotle's octopus mystery|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23331140-700-the-1830s-seamstress-who-solved-aristotles-octopus-mystery/|website=New Scientist}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Martes foina (beech marten)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Martes_foina/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref> and [[sable]] (''M. zibellina'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Russia]], [[India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|fur, pest control, pets
|[[File:Steinmarder (cropped).jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Fisher (animal)|Fisher]] or Pennant's marten (''Pekania pennanti'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|fur, pest control, research, pets
|[[File:Fisher-face-snow - West Virginia - ForestWander.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Least weasel|Least]] (''Mustela nivalis''), [[Siberian weasel|Siberian]] (''M. sibirica'')<ref>{{cite web|date=May 15, 2010|title=Posts Tagged 'Kolonok'|url=https://retrieverman.net/tag/kolonok/|access-date=29 January 2018|publisher=[[Retrieverman]]|archive-date=30 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130091204/https://retrieverman.net/tag/kolonok/|url-status=usurped}}</ref> and [[yellow-bellied weasel]]s (''M. kathiah''); [[European polecat]] (''M. putorius'')<ref>{{cite web|date=October 28, 2013|title=The Weasel in Antiquity: Pet or Pest?|url=https://foundinantiquity.com/2013/10/28/the-weasel-in-antiquity-pet-or-pest/|access-date=15 February 2020|publisher=[[Found In Antiquity]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mustela kathiah (yellow-bellied weasel)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Mustela_kathiah/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Russia]], [[India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, pets
|[[File:Mustela sibirica dd winter 2002.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Lesser grison]] (''Galictis cuja'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|hunting, pest control, pets
|[[File:Galictis cuja - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC02636.JPG|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Patagonian weasel]] (''Lyncodon patagonicus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Argentina]], [[Chile]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, pets
|[[File:Lyncodon patagonicus1.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Raccoon|Common raccoon]] (''Procyon lotor'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Are Raccoons Good to Have Around the Yard?|url=https://homeguides.sfgate.com/raccoons-good-around-yard-52629.html|website=homeguides.sfgate.com|date=15 November 2012 }}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, show, pets
|[[File:Procyon lotor 7 - am Wasser.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Ring-tailed cat|Ringtail]] (''Bassariscus astutus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=July 22, 2015|title=Why This Critter Was The Must-Have Pet For Gold Miners|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/the-domestication-of-pigs-170665|access-date=2 February 2018|publisher=[[io9]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North America]], [[Central America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, pets
|[[File:Squaw-ringtail-28073.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Mountain paca]] (''Cuniculus taczanowskii'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Mexico]], [[Argentina]], [[Ecuador]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Cuniculus paca.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Malayan porcupine|Malayan]] (''Hystrix brachyura''),<ref>{{cite web|date=December 16, 2010|title=Porcupines Expose Pitfalls of Wildlife Farming|url=http://scienceline.org/2010/12/porcupines-expose-pitfalls-of-wildlife-farming/|access-date=14 January 2018|publisher=[[ScienceLine]]}}</ref>[[Sunda porcupine|Sunda]] (''H. javanica''), [[Indian crested porcupine|Indian crested]] (''H. indica''), [[Crested porcupine|African crested]] (''H. cristata''), [[Cape porcupine|Cape]] (''H. africaeaustralis'') and [[Philippine porcupine]]s (''H. pumila'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Vietnam]], [[China]], [[Indonesia]], the [[Philippines]], [[India]], [[Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, quills, pets
|[[File:Hystrix brachyura, Malayan porcupine.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Steppe lemming]] (''Lagurus lagurus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Eurasian steppe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Lagurus lagurus.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Lesser Egyptian gerbil|Lesser Egyptian]] (''Gerbillus gerbillus''), [[Greater Egyptian gerbil|greater Egyptian]] (''G. pyramidum''), [[Pale gerbil|pale]] (''G. perpallidus'') and [[pleasant gerbil]]s (''G. amoenus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Egypt]], [[Libya]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Perpallidus.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Eurasian harvest mouse]] (''Micromys minutus'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Micromys minutus (Eurasian harvest mouse)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Micromys_minutus/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, pets
|[[File:Micromysminutus1.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1d''' ''Rodentia''
|-
||[[Chinese cobra]] (''Naja atra'')<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Aust|first1=P. W.|last2=Van Tri|first2=N.|last3=Natusch|first3=D. J.|last4=Alexander|first4=G. J.|year=2017|title=Asian snake farms: conservation curse or sustainable enterprise?|journal=Oryx|volume=51|issue=3|pages=498–505|doi=10.1017/S003060531600034X|doi-access=free}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|venom, skins, pets
|[[File:Naja atra juvenile.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3a''' ''Serpentes''
|-
||[[Crimson rosella]] (''Platycercus elegans'') including subspecies [[Crimson rosella|Adelaide]] (''P. e. adelaidae'') and [[Crimson rosella|yellow rosella]]s (''P. e. flaveolus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Platycercus elegans Wilsons Prom.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Western rosella|Western]] (''Platycercus icterotis''), [[Green rosella|green]] (''P. caledonicus''), [[Pale-headed rosella|pale-headed]] (''P. adscitus'') and [[northern rosella]]s (''P. venustus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Platycercus icterotis1.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Eastern rosella]] (''Platycercus eximius'') including subspecies [[Eastern rosella|golden-mantled rosella]] (''P. e. elecica'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Eastern Rosella (36884763426).jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Jenday conure]] (''Aratinga jandaya'')<ref name="VFWD's Domestic Species List">{{Cite web |title=Wild Bird and Animal Importation and Possession {{!}} Domestic Species List |url=https://vtfishandwildlife.com/sites/fishandwildlife/files/documents/Learn%20More/Living%20with%20Wildlife/Importation/Domestic_Species_List.pdf |date=2010-08-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241105100122/https://vtfishandwildlife.com/sites/fishandwildlife/files/documents/Learn%20More/Living%20with%20Wildlife/Importation/Domestic_Species_List.pdf |archive-date=2024-11-05 |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department |archive-format=PDF }}</ref>
|
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Brazil]]
|
|[[File:Aratinga Jandaya -in tree-8.jpg|130px]]
|Captive-bred
|
|'''2e''' ''Psittaciformes''
|-
||[[Hispaniolan slider|Hispaniolan]] (''Trachemys decorata''), [[Colombian slider|Colombian]] (''T. callirostris''), [[Cuban slider|Cuban]] (''T. decussata''), [[D'Orbigny's slider|D'Orbigny's]] (''T. dorbigni''), [[Nicaraguan slider|Nicaraguan]] (''T. emolli''), [[Ornate slider|ornate]] (''T. ornata''), [[Jamaican slider|Jamaican]] (''T. terrapen'') and [[Meso-American slider]]s (''T. venusta'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Hispaniola]] ([[Haiti]] and the [[Dominican Republic]]), [[Colombia]], [[Cuba]], [[Brazil]], [[Uruguay]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Mexico]], [[Jamaica]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Trachemys decorata.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3c''' ''Testudines''
|-
||[[Pond slider]] (''Trachemys scripta'') including subspecies [[Yellow-bellied slider|yellow-bellied]] (''T. s. scripta''), [[Red-eared slider|red-eared]] (''T. s. elegans'') and [[Cumberland slider]]s (''T. s. troostii'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the south-central and [[southeastern United States]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Sheldonbasking.JPG|130px]]
| Easy to tame
| Fairly common in captivity, common in the wild
|'''3c''' ''Testudines''
|-
||[[Chinese softshell turtle]] (''Pelodiscus sinensis'')<ref>{{citation|last1=Dharmananda|first1=Subhuti|title=Endangered species issues affecting turtles and tortoises in Chinese medicine|url=http://www.itmonline.org/arts/turtles.htm|publisher=Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon|access-date=5 September 2016}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:E8976-Namdaemun-Turtles-sold-in-ginseng-shop.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3c''' ''Testudines''
|-
||[[Chinese pond turtle|Chinese pond]] (''Mauremys reevesii'') and [[yellow pond turtle]]s (''M. mutica'')<ref name="scale">{{cite journal|last1=Haitao|first1=Shi|last2=Parham|first2=James F.|last3=Zhiyong|first3=Fan|last4=Meiling|first4=Hong|last5=Feng|first5=Yin|year=2008|title=Evidence for the massive scale of turtle farming in China|journal=Oryx|volume=42|pages=147–150 |doi=10.1017/S0030605308000562|doi-access=free}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center"|meat, pets
|[[File:Chinemys reevesii 02.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3c''' ''Testudines''
|-
||[[Common snapping turtle]] (''Chelydra serpentina'')<ref>{{cite web|title="小庭院"养殖龟鳖大有赚头|url=http://www.gui138.cn/xinwen/gbxw/201007/765.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032241/http://www.gui138.cn/xinwen/gbxw/201007/765.html|archive-date=2016-03-04|access-date=2018-01-21}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Florida]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Common Snapping Turtle.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3c''' ''Testudines''
|-
||[[Keeled box turtle|Keeled box]] (''Cuora mouhotii'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Accounts|url=http://www.iucn-tftsg.org/wp-content/uploads/file/Accounts/crm_5_099_mouhotii_v1_2016.pdf|access-date=2020-03-29}}</ref> and [[Golden coin turtle]]s (''C. trifasciata'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Cuora trifasciata.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3c''' ''Testudines''
|-
||[[Wattle-necked softshell turtle]] (''Palea steindachneri'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Palea steindachneri.jpeg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3c''' ''Testudines''
|-
||[[Arrau turtle]] (''Podocnemis expansa'')<ref name="Aguiar2017">{{cite journal|last1=Aguiar|first1=Julio C.|last2=Adriano|first2=Edson A.|last3=Mathews|first3=Patrick D.|year=2017|title=Morphology and molecular phylogeny of a new Myxidium species (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) infecting the farmed turtle ''Podocnemis expansa'' (Testudines: Podocnemididae) in the Brazilian Amazon|journal=Parasitology International|volume=66|issue=1|pages=825–830|doi=10.1016/j.parint.2016.09.013|pmid=27693559}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Brazil]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Podocnemis expansa INPA.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3c''' ''Testudines''
|-
||[[Saltwater crocodile|Saltwater]] (''Crocodylus porosus''), [[Nile crocodile|Nile]] (''C. niloticus''), [[West African crocodile|West African]] (''C. suchus''), [[Mugger crocodile|mugger]] (''C. palustris''), [[American crocodile|American]] (''C. acutus''), [[Cuban crocodile|Cuban]] (''C. rhombifer''), [[Morelet's crocodile|Morelet's]] (''C. moreletii''), [[Orinoco crocodile|Orinoco]] (''C. intermedius''), [[Freshwater crocodile|freshwater]] (''C. johnsoni''), [[Siamese crocodile|Siamese]] (''C. siamensis''), [[Philippine crocodile|Philippine]] (''C. mindorensis'') and [[New Guinea crocodile]]s (''C. novaeguineae'')<ref>{{cite web|date=2015-10-19|title=Crocodile farming in Africa – An Interesting Niche Business Many People Don't Know About, and a Success Story from Kenya - Smallstarter Africa|url=http://www.smallstarter.com/get-inspired/crocodile-farming-business-in-africa-and-a-success-story-from-kenya/|website=www.smallstarter.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Buwama Crocodile Farm Uganda, Crocodile Tourism in Uganda|url=https://www.speedwaysafaris.com/buwama-crocodile-farm-tourism-uganda/|website=Speedway Safaris|access-date=2018-02-02|archive-date=2018-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203065810/https://www.speedwaysafaris.com/buwama-crocodile-farm-tourism-uganda/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Crocodile Farm:: trade technology Project Information|url=http://www.primaryinfo.com/projects/crocodile-farming.htm|website=www.primaryinfo.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Crocodile farming in Australia|date=30 June 2017|url=https://www.ft.com/video/64115063-58fd-4e99-97b6-a28c46f2536f |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/video/64115063-58fd-4e99-97b6-a28c46f2536f |archive-date=2022-12-10 |url-access=subscription|via=www.ft.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.nap.edu/read/18531/chapter/3|title=Crocodile Farming in Papua New Guinea - Crocodiles as a Resource for the Tropics - The National Academies Press|year=1983|isbn=978-0-309-29386-0|doi=10.17226/18531}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=April 21, 2019|title=Crocodile Blood: Could be the New Source for Antibiotics and HIV Cure|url=https://www.sciencetimes.com/articles/20390/20190421/crocodile-blood-could-be-the-new-source-for-antibiotics-and-hiv-cure.htm|access-date=26 January 2020|publisher=[[The Science Times]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Florida]], [[Cuba]], [[Mexico]], [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Peru]], [[Africa]], [[Iran]], [[India]], [[Thailand]], [[Myanmar]], [[Sumatra]], [[Borneo]], the [[Philippines]], [[Australia]], [[Papua New Guinea]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, teeth, blood, fat, guarding, tourism, show, pets
|[[File:Nilecroc100.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''3d''' ''Other reptiles''
|-
||[[Crimson finch|Crimson]] (''Neochmia phaeton'') and [[red-browed finch]]es (''N. temporalis'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[New Guinea]], [[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, show
|[[File:Neochmia phaeton -Middle Point, Northern Territory, Australia-8.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
||[[Star finch]] (''Bathilda ruficauda'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, show
|[[File:Neochmia ruficauda.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
||[[Grey partridge]] (''Perdix perdix'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Hungary]], the [[United Kingdom]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, pets
|[[File:Perdix perdix (Marek Szczepanek).jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Red-legged partridge|Red-legged]] (''Alectoris rufa''), [[Chukar partridge|chukar]] (''A. chukar''), [[Philby's partridge|Philby's]] (''A. philbyi''), [[Alectoris melanocephala|Arabian]] (''A. melanocephala'') and [[Barbary partridge]]s (''A. barbara'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[France]], [[Afghanistan]], [[North Africa]], [[Yemen]], [[Oman]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, pets
|[[File:Perdrix rouge.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Chinese bamboo partridge]] (''Bambusicola thoracicus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]], [[India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, pets
|[[File:Bambusicola thoracicus1.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Himalayan monal]] (''Lophophorus impejanus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Nepal]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, ornamental, pets
|[[File:Lophophorus impejanus Zoo DU 2.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Scaled quail|Scaled]] (''Callipepla squamata''), [[Elegant quail|elegant]] (''C. douglasii''), [[Gambel's quail|Gambel's]] (''C. gambelii'') and [[California quail]]s (''C. californica'')<ref>{{cite conference|last1=Robbins|first1=Gary E.S.|title=The breeding of quail and partridge in captivity|year=1993|conference=World Pheasant Association International Captive Breeding Symposium|editor=Madelon van der Zee-Willems|pages=54–58|url=http://www.wpa-benelux.info/wpa_documentatie/captive_breeding/Captive%20Breeding%20Symposium%201993.pdf#page=53}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Mexico]], [[Utah]], [[California]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, pets
|[[File:Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata) (20164244389).jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Montezuma quail]] (''Cyrtonyx montezumae'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Mexico]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, pets
|[[File:Montezuma Quail (Cyrtonyx montezumae).jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Vulturine guineafowl]] (''Acryllium vulturinum'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ethiopia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pest control, pets
|[[File:Acryllium vulturinum -Tsavo East National Park, Kenya-8.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Harlequin quail|Harlequin]] (''Coturnix delegorguei''), [[Rain quail|rain]] (''C. coromandelica'') and [[stubble quail]]s (''C. pectoralis'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Africa]], [[India]], [[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, feathers, pets
|[[File:Harlequin Quail (Coturnix delegorguei) (6035291347).jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2b''' ''Galliformes''
|-
||[[Edible-nest swiftlet]] (''Aerodramus fuciphagus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=April 18, 2014|title=Bird's nest boom|url=http://www.insideindonesia.org/bird-s-nest-boom|access-date=25 August 2017|publisher=[[Inside Indonesia]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Indonesia]], [[Malaysia]], [[Thailand]], the [[Philippines]], [[Singapore]]
| style="text-align:center;"|nests
|[[File:AerodramusFuciphagus.LipKee.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''2h''' ''Other birds''
|-
||[[Tarantula]]s (Theraphosidae, various species and subspecies)<ref>{{cite web|date=April 14, 2020|title=Spider venom key to pain relief without side-effects|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/04/200414105558.htm|access-date=15 May 2020|publisher=[[ScienceDaily]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North America]], [[Central America]], [[South America]], [[Europe]], [[Africa]], [[Asia]], [[Australia]], [[Papua New Guinea]]
| style="text-align:center;"|research, venom, pets
|[[File:Brachypelma smithi 2009 G09.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
| Common in captivity, becoming rare in the wild
|'''6e''' ''Other arthropods''
|-
||[[Crested gecko|Crested]] (''Correlophus ciliatus'') and [[Correlophus sarasinorum|suras gecko]]s (''C. sarasinorum'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[New Caledonia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets
|[[File:Gekkoninae Rhacodactylus ciliatus tete.png|130px]]
| Captive-bred
| Somewhat common in captivity, nearly extinct in the wild
|'''3b''' ''Lacertilia''
|-
||[[Roan antelope|Roan]] (''Hippotragus equinus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=May 27, 2017|title=The many rewards of game farming in the Karoo|url=https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/animals/game-and-wildlife/many-rewards-game-farming-karoo/|access-date=17 January 2018|publisher=[[Farmers Weekly]]}}</ref> and [[sable antelope]]s (''H. niger'')<ref>{{cite web|date=January 6, 2012|title=Big bucks for game ranchers|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2012-01-06-big-bucks-for-game-ranchers|access-date=17 January 2018|publisher=[[Mail & Guardian]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, horns
|[[File:Sable antelope (Hippotragus niger) adult male.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Greater kudu]] (''Tragelaphus strepsiceros''),<ref>{{cite web|date=November 17, 2010|title=Optimizing game production in a new era: The road to financial success|url=http://gadi.agric.za/articles/Furstenburg_D/optimizing-game-production.php|access-date=19 January 2018|publisher=[[Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (South Africa)]]}}</ref> [[nyala]] (''T. angasii''),<ref>{{cite web|date=November 19, 2017|title=Breeding high-value game species in North West|url=https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/animals/game-and-wildlife/breeding-high-value-game-species-in-north-west/|access-date=23 January 2018|publisher=[[Farmers Weekly]]}}</ref> and [[Cape bushbuck]] (''T. sylvaticus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, horns, pets
|[[File:Male greater kudu.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Blue wildebeest|Blue]] (''Connochaetes taurinus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=July 29, 2013|title=The York family & Breeding Golden Wildebeest|url=https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/animals/game-and-wildlife/the-york-family-breeding-golden-wildebeest/|access-date=23 January 2018|publisher=[[Farmer's Weekly]]}}</ref> and [[black wildebeest]] (''C. gnou'')<ref>{{cite web|date=March 13, 2017|title=Transforming game farming|url=http://www.ann7.com/transforming-game-farming/|access-date=23 January 2018|publisher=[[ANN7]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South Africa]], [[Kenya]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, leather, hides, horns, pets
|[[File:Blue Wildebeests (Connochaetes taurinus) (6451904975).jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Bontebok]] (''Damaliscus pygargus pygargus'') including subspecies [[blesbok]] (''D. p. phillipsi'')<ref>{{cite web|date=April 1, 2016|title=Eastern Cape farmer earns big with blesbok variants|url=https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/animals/game-and-wildlife/eastern-cape-farmer-earns-big-with-blesbok-variants/|access-date=21 January 2018|publisher=[[Farmers Weekly]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, horns
|[[File:Blesbok at NC zoo.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Nilgai]] (''Boselaphus tragocamelus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[India]], [[Pakistan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, horns, pets
|[[File:Nilgauantilope Boselaphus tragocamelus Tierpark Hellabrunn-10.jpg|130px]]
| Historically farmed
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
|[[Scaly-breasted munia]] (''Lonchura punctulata'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Southeast Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, research
|[[File:Lonchura punctulata (Nagarhole, 2004).jpg|130px]]
| Slight physical changes
|Fairly common in the wild and in captivity
|'''2d''' ''Passeriformes''
|-
||[[Blackbuck]] (''Antilope cervicapra'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[India]], [[Pakistan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, horns, pets
|[[File:Blackbuck male female.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Springbok]] (''Antidorcas marsupialis'')<ref>{{cite web|date=July 10, 2013|title=How to start farming high-value game species|url=https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/agri-business/agribusinesses/farming-high-value-game-species/|access-date=3 February 2018|publisher=[[Farmer's Weekly]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, horns, pets
|[[File:Springbok etosha.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Barbary sheep]] (''Ammotragus lervia'')<ref>{{cite web|date=July 22, 2015|title=Barbary sheep: farming potential?|url=https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/animals/barbary-sheep-farming-potential/|access-date=17 January 2018|publisher=[[Farmer's Weekly]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, horns
|[[File:BarbarySheep4.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[African buffalo]] (''Syncerus caffer'')<ref>{{cite web|date=October 11, 2010|title=Black gold: disease-free buffalo farming|url=https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/animals/game-and-wildlife/black-gold-disease-free-buffalo-farming/|access-date=19 January 2018|publisher=[[Farmers Weekly]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=July 6, 2017|title=Commercial buffalo breeding: 'It's not just for the rich'|url=https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/animals/game-and-wildlife/commercial-buffalo-breeding-not-just-rich/|access-date=5 January 2020|publisher=[[Farmers Weekly]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, leather, horns
|[[File:African Buffalo.JPG|130px]]
|
|
|'''1b''' ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Collared peccary]] (''Dicotyles tajacu'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Pigtrop - about pig production in developing countries - Commercial farming of collared peccary / Genetic and Biodiversity / Subjects|url=http://pigtrop.cirad.fr/subjects/genetic_and_biodiversity/commercial_farming_of_collared_peccary|website=pigtrop.cirad.fr}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Brazil]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Collared peccary02 - melbourne zoo.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Thorold's deer]] (''Cervus albirostris'')<ref>{{cite web|date=November 17, 2014|title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: White-lipped Deer|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/en|website=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, antlers
|[[File:CervusAlbirostris2.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[White-tailed deer|White-tailed]] (''Odocoileus virginianus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=February 17, 2012|title=Deer Farming Bill Hits a Snag|url=http://66.118.80.210/outdoors.cfm?func=displayfullstory&storyid=51035|access-date=16 January 2018|publisher=[[MetroNews]]|archive-date=17 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117131152/http://66.118.80.210/outdoors.cfm?func=displayfullstory&storyid=51035|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[mule deer]] (''O. hemionus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Virginia]], [[West Virginia]], [[Florida]], [[Montana]], [[Canada]], [[Colombia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, antlers, pets
|[[File:White-tailed deer.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Dwarf musk deer|Dwarf]] (''Moschus berezovskii''), [[Alpine musk deer|alpine]] (''M. chrysogaster''), [[White-bellied musk deer|white-bellied]] (''M. leucogaster'') and [[Siberian musk deer]] (''M. moschiferus'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Musk Deer farming as a conservation tool in China (Scanned PDF, 3.7 MB)|url=https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/Traf-089.pdf|access-date=2020-03-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Xiuxiang|first1=Meng|last2=Caiquan|first2=Zhou|last3=Jinchu|first3=Hu|last4=Cao|first4=Li|last5=Zhibin|first5=Meng|last6=Jinchao|first6=Feng|last7=Yijun|first7=Zhou|last8=Yinjiu|first8=Zhu|year=2006|title=Musk deer farming in China|journal=Animal Science|volume=82|pages=1–6|doi=10.1079/ASC200516}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=October 15, 2017|title=Musk deer farm in Pithoragarh dying slow death?|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/dehradun/musk-deer-farm-in-pithoragarh-dying-slow-death/story-fClUJLdzPYTNgGORKjwttI.html|access-date=24 January 2017|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]], [[India]], [[Russia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, hides, tusks, musk
|[[File:Moschustier.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1a''' ''Artiodactyla'' except ''Bovidae''
|-
||[[Spotted hyena]] (''Crocuta crocuta'')<ref>{{cite web|date=July 18, 2017|title=In Pics: Ethiopia's Harar city uses hyenas for waste management|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/in-pics-ethiopia-s-harhar-city-uses-hyenas-for-waste-management/story-Rr2QIajFf1YiLFvuYn6cCK.html|access-date=22 January 2018|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=April 12, 2004|title=Taming Ethiopia's hyenas|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/3619791.stm|access-date=22 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=March 2, 2015|title=The hyena men of Nigeria: Nomads tame baboons and snakes to make them perform|work=[[The Independent]]|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/the-hyena-men-of-nigeria-nomads-tame-baboons-and-snakes-to-make-them-perform-10080731.html|access-date=22 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Brottman|first=Mikita|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9wfhR4fBEDYC&q=hyena+trained+to+hunt+game+south+africa&pg=PA47|title=Hyena|date=15 February 2013|publisher=Reaktion Books|isbn=9781861899415|via=Google Books}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South Africa]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Nigeria]]
| style="text-align:center;"|hunting, guarding, waste management, tourism, show, pets
|[[File:Spotted Hyena, Ngorongoro.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Fennec fox]] (''Vulpes zerda'')<ref>{{cite web|title=When Fennec Foxes Make Good Pets|url=https://www.thesprucepets.com/about-fennec-foxes-as-pets-1236778|website=The Spruce Pets}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, pets
|[[File:Fennec Fox Vulpes zerda.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Gray fox|Grey]] (''Urocyon cinereoargenteus'') and [[island fox]]es (''U. littoralis'')<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Coonan|first1=Timothy J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZQ-cfo4hDzsC&q=island+fox+semi+domesticated&pg=PA13|title=Decline and Recovery of the Island Fox: A Case Study for Population Recovery|last2=Schwemm|first2=Catherin A.|last3=Garcelon|first3=David K.|date=22 July 2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781139491563|via=Google Books}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[eastern United States]], the [[Channel Islands (California)|Channel Islands, California]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pelts, pest control, pets
|[[File:Urocyon littoralis pair.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Meerkat]] or suricate (''Suricata suricatta'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Suricata suricatta (meerkat)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Suricata_suricatta/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=February 21, 2017|title=Yorkshire meerkats used for therapy in care homes|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-39037826/yorkshire-meerkats-used-for-therapy-in-care-homes|access-date=23 March 2020|work=BBC News}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, research, education, therapy, tourism, show, pets
|[[File:Meerkat feb 09.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Common kusimanse]] (''Crossarchus obscurus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[West Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pets, pest control
|[[File:Cusimanse.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|-
||[[Kissing gourami]] (''Helostoma temminckii'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Thailand]], [[Indonesia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Kissfish.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5c''' ''Anabantiformes''
|-
||[[Giant gourami|Giant]] (''Osphronemus goramy''),<ref>{{cite web|title=Osphronemus goramy summary page|url=https://www.fishbase.de/summary/osphronemus-goramy.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Budi|first1=Darmawan Setia|last2=Alimuddin|last3=Suprayudi|first3=Muhammad Agus|year=2015|title=Growth Response and Feed Utilization of Giant Gourami ( Osphronemus goramy ) Juvenile Feeding Different Protein Levels of the Diets Supplemented with Recombinant Growth Hormone|journal=HAYATI Journal of Biosciences|volume=22|pages=12–19|doi=10.4308/hjb.22.1.12|doi-access=free}}</ref> [[Giant red tail gourami|giant red tail]] (''O. laticlavius'') and [[elephant ear gourami]]s (''O. exodon'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Southeast Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, weed control, pets
|[[File:Osphronemus Gourami (better).png|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5c''' ''Anabantiformes''
|-
||[[Red-bellied piranha|Red-bellied]] (''Pygocentrus nattereri''), [[Pygocentrus piraya|piraya]] (''P. piraya'') and [[Pygocentrus cariba|black spot piranha]] (''P. cariba'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[South America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, teeth, research, pets
|[[File:Gregory Moine - Red bellied Piranha (by).jpg|130px]]
|
| Fairly common in captivity, common in the wild
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Atlantic bluefin tuna|Atlantic bluefin]] (''Thunnus thynnus''), [[Pacific bluefin tuna|Pacific bluefin]] (''T. orientalis''), [[Southern bluefin tuna|southern bluefin]] (''T. maccoyii''), [[Yellowfin tuna|yellowfin]] (''T. albacares'') and [[bigeye tuna]]s (''T. obesus''); [[albacore]] or longfin tuna (''T. alalunga'')<ref>{{cite web|date=July 8, 2013|title=US entrepreneurs out to prove yellowfin tuna can be farmed|url=https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2013/07/08/us-entrepreneurs-out-to-prove-yellowfin-tuna-can-be-farmed/|access-date=2 February 2018|publisher=[[Undercurrent news]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hawaii Approves First Bigeye Tuna Farm|url=https://thefishsite.com/articles/hawaii-approves-first-bigeye-tuna-farm|website=thefishsite.com|date=26 October 2009 }}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[East Asia]], [[Australia]], [[Hawaii]], [[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs
|[[File:Pacific bluefin tuna.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[European sea sturgeon|European sea]] (''Acipenser sturio''), [[White sturgeon|white]] (''A. transmontanus''), [[Shortnose sturgeon|shortnose]] (''A. brevirostrum''), [[Persian sturgeon|Persian]] (''A. persicus''), [[Siberian sturgeon|Siberian]] (''A. baerii''), [[Adriatic sturgeon|Adriatic]] (''A. naccarii'') and [[starry sturgeon]]s (''A. stellatus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=November 30, 2015|title=Caviar Dreams: Why A Florida Startup Is Farming Siberian Sturgeon Amid The Spanish Moss|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robindschatz/2015/11/30/caviar-dreams-a-florida-startup-bets-on-sustainable-sturgeon-farming-amid-palms-and-spanish-moss/|access-date=13 January 2019|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author1=Jarvis, Peter L.|author2=Ballantyne, James S.|date=2 April 2003|title=Metabolic responses to salinity acclimation in juvenile shortnose sturgeon ''Acipenser brevirostrum''|journal=Aquaculture|volume=219|issue=1–4|pages=891–909|doi=10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00063-2|bibcode=2003Aquac.219..891J }}</ref><ref name="Sperm article">{{cite journal|author1=Alavi, Sayyed Mohammad Hadi|author2=Cosson, Jacky|year=2005|title=Sperm motility and fertilizing ability in the Persian sturgeon ''Acipenser persicus''|journal=Aquaculture Research|volume=36|issue=9|pages=841–850|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01292.x|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=November 7, 2016|title=As sturgeon farming grows, demand concerns emerge|url=https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/as-sturgeon-farming-grows-demand-concerns-emerge/|access-date=17 January 2020|publisher=[[Global Aquaculture Alliance]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Alaska]], [[California]], [[Canada]], [[Iran]], [[Russia]], [[Albania]], the [[Aegean Sea]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, pets
|[[File:4803 white sturgeon swart odfw (4455050144).jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Malabar grouper|Malabar]] (''Epinephelus malabaricus''), [[Giant grouper|giant]] (''E. lanceolatus''), [[Greasy grouper|greasy]] (''E. tauvina''), [[Areolate grouper|areolate]] (''E. areolatus''), [[Epinephelus marginatus|dusky]] (''E. marginatus''), [[Epinephelus undulosus|wavy-lined]] (''E. undulosus''), [[Epinephelus sexfasciatus|six-bar]] (''E. sexfasciatus'') and [[orange-spotted grouper]]s (''E. coioides'')<ref>{{cite web|date=November 6, 2013|title=Greener alternatives for giant grouper|url=http://wwf.panda.org/?212133/Greener-alternatives-for-giant-grouper|access-date=2 February 2018|publisher=[[World Wide Fund for Nature]]}}</ref><ref name="FAO">{{cite web|title=FAO: FIGIS query for Greasy Grouper total production|url=http://www.fao.org/figis/servlet/TabLandArea?tb_ds=Production&tb_mode=TABLE&tb_act=SELECT&tb_grp=COUNTRY&lang=en|access-date=17 October 2018|publisher=FAO - Fisheries and Aquaculture Information and Statistics Branch|archive-date=18 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018043218/http://www.fao.org/figis/servlet/TabLandArea?tb_ds=Production&tb_mode=TABLE&tb_act=SELECT&tb_grp=COUNTRY&lang=en|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Cunha|first1=Maria Emília|last2=Quental|first2=Hugo|last3=Barradas|first3=Ana|last4=Pousão-Ferreira|first4=Pedro|last5=Cabrita|first5=Elsa|last6=Engrola|first6=Sofia|year=2009|title=Rearing larvae of dusky grouper, ''Epinephelus marginatus'' (Lowe, 1834), (Pisces: Serranidae) in a semi-extensive mesocosm|journal=Scientia Marina|volume=73|issue=S1 |pages=201–212|doi=10.3989/scimar.2009.73s1201|bibcode=2009ScMar..73S.201C |doi-access=free|hdl=10400.1/4640|hdl-access=free}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Asia]], [[Australia]], [[Fiji]], [[South Africa]], [[Italy]], the [[Indo-Pacific]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Epinephelus malabaricus in UShaka Sea World 1098.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Rainbow trout]] (''Oncorhynchus mykiss''); [[Chinook salmon|Chinook]] (''O. tshawytscha'') and [[Masu salmon]] (''O. masou'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Asia]], [[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs
|[[File:Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (cropped).jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5d''' ''Salmonidae''
|-
||[[Atlantic salmon]] (''Salmo salar'') and [[brown trout]] (''S. trutta'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]] (including the [[United Kingdom]]), [[Alaska]], [[Canada]], [[Chile]], [[Russia]], [[Australia]], [[Tasmania]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs
|[[File:Salmo salar-Atlantic Salmon-Atlanterhavsparken Norway.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5d''' ''Salmonidae''
|-
||[[Barramundi]] (''Lates calcarifer''),<ref>{{cite web|date=June 27, 2016|title=Barramundi aquaculture|url=https://www.business.qld.gov.au/industries/farms-fishing-forestry/fisheries/aquaculture/species/barramundi|access-date=2 February 2018|publisher=[[Government of Queensland]]}}</ref> [[Japanese lates]] (''L. japonicus'') and [[Nile perch]] (''L. niloticus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=May 22, 2019|title=Nile Perch Farming in Iganga|url=https://fitinsightsgroup.com/2019/05/22/nile-perch-farming-in-iganga/|access-date=7 February 2020|publisher=[[Fit Insights]]}} {{Dead link|date=July 2020|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[United Kingdom]], [[Poland]], the [[United States]], [[India]], [[Southeast Asia]], the [[Middle East]], [[Australia]], [[Japan]], [[Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Barramundi.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5b''' ''Carangiformes''
|-
||[[Cobia]] (''Rachycentron canadum'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[United States]], [[Asia]], [[Panama]], [[Mexico]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Cobia fingerlings.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5b''' ''Carangiformes''
|-
||[[European bass]] (''Dicentrarchus labrax'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Dicentrarchus labrax01.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Milkfish]] (''Chanos chanos'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Aquaculture|url=https://www.fishbase.se/Aquaculture/AquacultureProfileSummary.php?ID=80&GenusName=Chanos&SpeciesName=chanos|website=www.fishbase.se}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Philippines]], [[Taiwan]], [[Indonesia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Chanidae - Chanos chanos.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Northern pike]] (''Esox lucius'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Data|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/25520884.pdf|access-date=2020-03-29|publisher=core.ac.uk}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, research, pets
|[[File:Esox lucius ZOO 1.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Alligator gar|Alligator]] (''Atractosteus spatula''), [[Cuban gar|Cuban]] (''A. tristoechus'') and [[tropical gar]]s (''A. tropicus'')<ref name="Ecofisiologia">{{cite journal|last1=Mendoza Alfaro|first1=Roberto|last2=González|first2=Carlos Aguilera|last3=Ferrara|first3=Allyse M.|year=2008|title=Gar biology and culture: Status and prospects|journal=Aquaculture Research|volume=39|issue=7|pages=748–763|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2109.2008.01927.x|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Clay|first1=Tim A.|last2=Suchy|first2=Mark D.|last3=Ferrara|first3=Allyse M.|last4=Fontenot|first4=Quenton C.|last5=Lorio|first5=Wendell|year=2011|title=Early Growth and Survival of Larval Alligator Gar, Atractosteus spatula, Reared on Artificial Floating Feed with or without a Live Artemia spp. Supplement|journal=Journal of the World Aquaculture Society|volume=42|issue=3|pages=412–416|doi=10.1111/j.1749-7345.2011.00481.x|bibcode=2011JWAS...42..412C }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2016-09-06|title=The 7 Wonderful Gar of the World|url=https://thefisheriesblog.com/2016/09/06/the-7-wonderful-gar-of-the-world/}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North America]], [[Cuba]], [[Costa Rica]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Alligator Gar 10.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Grass carp]] (''Ctenopharyngodon idella'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, weed control
|[[File:Ctenopharyngodon idella 01 Pengo.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5a''' ''Cyprinidae''
|-
||[[Black carp]] (''Mylopharyngodon piceus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pest control, medicine
|[[File:Mylopharyngodon piceus.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5a''' ''Cyprinidae''
|-
||[[Bighead carp]] (''Hypophthalmichthys nobilis'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Hypophthalmichthys-nob.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5a''' ''Cyprinidae''
|-
||[[Giant barb]] (''Catlocarpio siamensis'')<ref>{{cite web|last=tuoitrenews|date=2014-11-22|title=Cultivating giant carps creates giant profits in Vietnam|url=http://www.vietnambreakingnews.com/2014/11/cultivating-giant-carps-creates-giant-profits-in-vietnam/|access-date=2019-01-12|website=Vietnam Breaking News|language=en-US}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Vietnam]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Giant Barb.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''5a''' ''Cyprinidae''
|-
||[[Arapaima gigas|Arapaima]] (''Arapaima gigas'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Saving an Endangered Fish by Eating More of It - BusinessWeek Education Resource Center|url=http://resourcecenter.businessweek.com/reviews/saving-an-endangered-fish-by-eating-more-of-it1|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106010445/https://resourcecenter.businessweek.com/reviews/saving-an-endangered-fish-by-eating-more-of-it1|archive-date=2017-01-06|access-date=2019-01-13|website=resourcecenter.businessweek.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=ศิริสัมพันธ์|first=ธาวิดา|date=2018-04-07|script-title=th:ศิริวรรณ อะราไพม่า ฟาร์มนครปฐม เพาะเลี้ยงปลาช่อนอะเมซอนส่งขายทั่วโลก ได้เพียงที่เดียวในประเทศ|url=https://www.technologychaoban.com/pet/article_54255|work=Technology Chaoban Magazine|language=th}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Amazon basin|Amazon Basin]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Arapaima gigas at Beijing aquarium.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Wels catfish]] (''Silurus glanis'')<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Rees |first1=Ann |title=Silurus glanis (wels catfish)|url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/64279|website=www.cabi.org |date=2013 |volume=CABI Compendium |doi=10.1079/cabicompendium.64279 }}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:European Catfish (Silurus glanis) (13532570755).jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Iridescent shark]] (''Pangasianodon hypophthalmus'') and [[Mekong giant catfish]] (''P. gigas'')<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hoseini|first1=Seyyed Morteza|last2=Rajabiesterabadi|first2=Hamid|last3=Tarkhani|first3=Reza|year=2015|title=Anaesthetic efficacy of eugenol on iridescent shark, Pangasius hypophthalmus(Sauvage, 1878) in different size classes|journal=Aquaculture Research|volume=46|issue=2|pages=405–412|doi=10.1111/are.12188|doi-access=free}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Southeast Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Iridescent shark.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Flathead grey mullet]] (''Mugil cephalus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=5 November 2015|title=FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture - Aquatic species|url=http://www.fao.org/fishery/species/3050/en|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105051556/http://www.fao.org/fishery/species/3050/en|archive-date=5 November 2015}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[California]], [[Colorado]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Mugil cephalus Minorca.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Green chromide|Green]] (''Etroplus suratensis'')<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anoop|first1=Aabha|date=November 1, 2016|title=Reaping gold from Karimeen farming|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kozhikode/Reaping-gold-from-Karimeen-farming/article15000188.ece|access-date=4 February 2018}}</ref> and [[orange chromide]]s (''E. maculatus''); [[Canara pearlspot]] (''E. canarensis'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Etroplus suratensis.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Northern red snapper]] (''Lutjanus campechanus'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Gulf Coast Research Laboratory|url=http://gcrl.usm.edu/research/red_snapper_aquaculture.php|website=gcrl.usm.edu}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Gulf of Mexico]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, research
|[[File:Red snapper 2.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Greater amberjack|Greater]] (''Seriola dumerili''), [[Japanese amberjack|Japanese]] (''S. quinqueradiata'') and [[yellowtail amberjack]]s (''S. lalandi''); [[longfin yellowtail]] (''S. rivoliana'')<ref>{{cite web|title=FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture Seriola dumerili|url=http://www.fao.org/fishery/culturedspecies/Seriola_dumerili/en|website=www.fao.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Amberjack culture|url=https://www.oceanicinstitute.org/pdfs/GAA_Amberjack_Culture_-_Feb_2004_a31981.pdf|access-date=2020-03-29|publisher=www.oceanicinstitute.org|archive-date=2020-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729235351/https://www.oceanicinstitute.org/pdfs/GAA_Amberjack_Culture_-_Feb_2004_a31981.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[Mediterranean Sea]], [[Japan]], [[Chile]], [[Hawaii]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Seriola dumerili by NPS.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5b''' ''Carangiformes''
|-
||[[Paralichthys lethostigma|Southern]] (''Paralichthys lethostigma'') and [[olive flounder]]s (''P. olivaceus'')<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Alam|first1=M.S.|last2=Watanabe|first2=W.O.|last3=Carroll|first3=P.M.|last4=Gabel|first4=J.E.|last5=Corum|first5=M.A.|last6=Seaton|first6=P.|last7=Wedegaertner|first7=T.C.|last8=Rathore|first8=K.S.|last9=Dowd|first9=M.K.|date=2018|title=Evaluation of genetically-improved (glandless) and genetically-modified low-gossypol cottonseed meal as alternative protein sources in the diet of juvenile southern flounder Paralichthys lethostigma reared in a recirculating aquaculture system|journal=Aquaculture|volume=489|pages=36–45|doi=10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.02.006|bibcode=2018Aquac.489...36A }}</ref>
| data-sort-value="1981" | the 1980s <small>(uncertain for ''P. lethostigma'')</small>
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[United States]], [[Japan]], [[China]], [[Korea]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Paralichthys lethostigma.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5b''' ''Carangiformes''
|-
||[[European eel]] (''Anguilla anguilla'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Anguilla anguilla.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Sørensen|first1=Sune Riis|last2=Tomkiewicz|first2=Jonna|last3=Munk|first3=Peter|last4=Butts|first4=Ian A.E.|last5=Nielsen|first5=Anders|last6=Lauesen|first6=Peter|last7=Graver|first7=Christian|year=2016|title=Ontogeny and growth of early life stages of captive-bred European eel|journal=Aquaculture|volume=456|pages=50–61|doi=10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.01.015|bibcode=2016Aquac.456...50S |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0044848616300163|url-access=subscription}}</ref>
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Sugarbag bee]] (''Tetragonula carbonaria'') and [[Tetragonula iridipennis|Indian stingless bee]] (''T. iridipennis'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]], [[India]]
| style="text-align:center;"|honey, wax, propolis, pollination
|[[File:Sugarbag bee.jpg|130px]]
|
|
|'''6a''' ''Hymenoptera''
|-
||[[Dubia roach]] (''Blaptica dubia'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Central America]], [[South America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|animal feed, pets
|[[File:Dubia-cockroach-female-near-ruler.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6c''' ''Blattodea''
|-
||[[Mealworm]] (''Tenebrio molitar'') and [[Zophobas morio|superworm]] (''Zophobas morio'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, animal feed, research
|[[File:Zophobas morio larva - top (aka).jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6d''' ''Other insects''
|-
||[[Red flour beetle]] (''Tribolium castaneum'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[United States]]
| style="text-align:center;"|research
|[[File:Tribolium castaneum.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6d''' ''Other insects''
|-
||[[Hermetia illucens|Black soldier fly]] (''Hermetia illucens'')<ref>{{cite web|date=July 30, 2017|title=Intensive Black Soldier Fly Farming|url=https://symtonbsf.com/blogs/blog/intensive-black-soldier-fly-farming|access-date=26 January 2018|publisher=[[SymTon]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[United States]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, animal feed, pollination, decomposing
|[[File:Hermetiaillucens.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6d''' ''Other insects''
|-
||[[Waxworm]]s (''Achroia grisella'' and ''Galleria mellonella'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]?
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, bait, animal feed, research
|[[File:Achroia grisella caterpillars kleine wasmot rupsen (1).jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6b''' ''Lepidoptera''
|-
||[[American cockroach]] (''Periplaneta americana'')<ref>{{cite web|date=October 15, 2013|title=Cockroach farms multiplying in China|url=https://www.latimes.com/world/la-fg-c1-china-cockroach-20131015-dto-htmlstory.html|access-date=4 February 2018|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, medicine, pets
|[[File:American-cockroach.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6c''' ''Blattodea''
|-
||[[Rhopilema esculentum|Flame jellyfish]] (''Rhopilema esculentum'')<ref name="Pitt">{{cite journal|last1=Dong|first1=Jing|last2=Jiang|first2=Lian-xin|last3=Tan|first3=Ke-fei|last4=Liu|first4=Hai-Ying|last5=Purcell|first5=Jennifer E.|last6=Li|first6=Pei-jun|last7=Ye|first7=Chang-Chen|year=2009|title=Stock enhancement of the edible jellyfish (Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye) in Liaodong Bay, China: A review|journal=Hydrobiologia|volume=616|issue=1 |pages=113–118|doi=10.1007/s10750-008-9592-9|bibcode=2009HyBio.616..113D |s2cid=25418081}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, medicine, pets
|[[File:Rhopilema esculentum at Monterey Bay Aquarium.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''7c''' ''Other animals''
|-
||[[Common octopus|Common]] (''Octopus vulgaris''), [[Octopus tetricus|common Sydney]] (''O. tetricus''), [[Octopus cyanea|big blue]] (''O. cyanea''), [[Octopus maya|Mexican four-eyed]] (''O. maya''), [[California two-spot octopus|California two-spot]] (''O. bimaculoides''), [[Octopus mimus|Gould's]] (''O. mimus''), [[Octopus minor|long arm]] (''O. minor''), [[Caribbean reef octopus|Caribbean reef]] (''O. briareus''), [[Octopus mercatoris|Caribbean dwarf]] (''O. mercatoris'') and [[East Pacific red octopus]]es (''O. rubescens'')<ref>{{cite web|date=August 29, 2014|title=Tantalising tentacles: octopus could be the next big thing in aquaculture|url=https://theconversation.com/tantalising-tentacles-octopus-could-be-the-next-big-thing-in-aquaculture-30743|access-date=28 January 2018|publisher=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conservation]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Rosas|first1=Carlos|last2=Cuzon|first2=Gerard|last3=Pascual|first3=Cristina|last4=Gaxiola|first4=Gabriela|last5=Chay|first5=Darwin|last6=López|first6=Nelda|last7=Maldonado|first7=Teresita|last8=Domingues|first8=Pedro M.|year=2007|title=Energy balance of Octopus maya fed crab or an artificial diet|journal=Marine Biology|volume=152|issue=2|pages=371–381|doi=10.1007/s00227-007-0692-2|bibcode=2007MarBi.152..371R |s2cid=88668944|hdl=10261/315354|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Solorzano|first1=Yesika|last2=Viana|first2=María Teresa|last3=López|first3=Lus M.|last4=Correa|first4=Juan Gabriel|last5=True|first5=Conal C.|last6=Rosas|first6=Carlos|year=2009|title=Response of newly hatched Octopus bimaculoides fed enriched Artemia salina: Growth performance, ontogeny of the digestive enzyme and tissue amino acid content|journal=Aquaculture|volume=289|issue=1–2|pages=84–90|doi=10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.12.036|bibcode=2009Aquac.289...84S }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Baltazar|first1=Paul|last2=Rodríguez|first2=Pilar|last3=Rivera|first3=William|last4=Valdivieso|first4=Violeta|year=2014|title=Cultivo Experimental de Octopus Mimus, Gould 1852 en el Perú|journal=Revista Peruana de Biología|volume=7|issue=2|pages=151–160 |doi=10.15381/rpb.v7i2.6818|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=July 10, 2017|title=Octopus Aquaculture A tour Of The Kanaloa Octopus Farm|url=https://reefbuilders.com/2017/07/10/octopus-aquaculture/#|access-date=20 October 2018|publisher=[[Reefbuilders]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Octopus briareus (Caribbean reef octopus)|url=http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Octopus_briareus/|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], [[Asia]], [[North America]], [[Western Australia]], [[Hawaii]], the [[Caribbean Sea]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, ink, research, pets
|[[File:Octopus vulgaris 2.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''7a''' ''Mollusca''
|-
||[[Common periwinkle]] (''Littorina littorea'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, shells
|[[File:Littorina littorea 001.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''7a''' ''Mollusca''
|-
||[[Garden snail]] (''Cornu aspersum'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, shells, slime, pets
|[[File:Snail1web.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''7a''' ''Mollusca''
|-
||[[Achatina achatina|Giant Ghana African snail]] (''Achatina achatina'')<ref>{{cite web|date=August 13, 2017|title=Starting your snail farm in Ghana|url=http://ghanaculturepolitics.com/starting-your-snail-farm-in-ghana/|access-date=3 February 2018|publisher=[[GhanaCulturePolitics]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ghana]], [[Kenya]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, eggs, shells, slime, pets
|[[File:Giant tiger land snail (Achatina achatina).jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''7a''' ''Mollusca''
|-
||[[Lissachatina fulica|Giant East African]] (''Lissachatina fulica'')<ref>{{cite web|date=2013-02-23|title=Snail Farming - How to farm these slow creatures for fast profits in Africa - Smallstarter Africa|url=http://www.smallstarter.com/browse-ideas/snail-farming/|website=www.smallstarter.com}}</ref> and [[Lissachatina albopicta|African land snail]]s (''L. albopicta'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[East Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, shells, slime, education, pets
|[[File:Snail in Ubud, Bali, 2010 (1).jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''7a''' ''Mollusca''
|-
||[[Pacific hagfish|Pacific]] (''Eptatretus stoutii'') and [[inshore hagfish]]es (''E. burgeri'')<ref>{{cite web|date=April 14, 2013|title=Slimy hagfish farms growing|url=http://www.heraldnet.com/news/slimy-hagfish-farms-growing/|access-date=28 January 2018|publisher=[[The Herald (Everett)|The Herald]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hagfish Slime: Biomaterial Of The Future?|url=https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/hagfish-slime-biomaterial-future/|website=IFLScience|date=29 September 2014 }}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|the [[United States]], [[South Korea]], [[Japan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, skins, slime
|[[File:Eptatretus stoutii 1.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''5e''' ''Other fish''
|-
||[[Scylla serrata|Mud crab]] (''Scylla serrata'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Scylla serrata Mud Crab.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6e''' ''Other arthropods''
|-
||[[Portunus armatus|Flower crab]] (''Portunus armatus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=June 24, 2011|title=commercial blue swimmer crab farming in Queensland|url=https://prezi.com/i0wxeuwflgl2/commercial-blue-swimmer-crab-farming-in-queensland/|access-date=24 October 2018|publisher=[[Prezi]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Crab and mud crab farm|url=http://www.acfs.go.th/standard/download/eng/GAP_CRAB_FARM_AND_MUD_CRAB_FARM.pdf|access-date=2020-03-29|publisher=www.acfs.go.th|archive-date=2020-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802184408/https://www.acfs.go.th/standard/download/eng/GAP_CRAB_FARM_AND_MUD_CRAB_FARM.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Australia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Portunus pelagicus male.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6e''' ''Other arthropods''
|-
||[[Homarus gammarus|European]] (''Homarus gammarus'') and [[American lobster]]s (''H. americanus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=2014-07-10|title=Could lobster farming become a new industry for Coastal areas?|url=http://www.nationallobsterhatchery.co.uk/could-lobster-farming-become-a-new-industry-for-coastal-areas/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Archived copy|url=http://nsgl.gso.uri.edu/hawau/hawauo88001/hawauo88001chap6.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205072330/http://nsgl.gso.uri.edu/hawau/hawauo88001/hawauo88001chap6.pdf|archive-date=2018-02-05|access-date=2018-02-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Info|url=http://www.diversifyfish.eu/uploads/1/4/2/0/14206280/aes-vol41-2_halibut.pdf|access-date=2020-03-29|publisher=www.diversifyfish.eu}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]], the [[United States]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:KreeftbijDenOsse.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''6e''' ''Other arthropods''
|-
||[[American bullfrog]] (''Lithobates catesbeianus''), [[northern leopard frog|northern leopard]] (''L. pipiens''), [[Pig frog|pig]] (''L. grylio''), and [[northern green frog]]s (''L. clamitans melanota'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, education, research, pets
|[[File:North-American-bullfrog1.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''4a''' ''Anura''
|-
|[[Pool frog|Pool]] (''Pelophylax lessonae'') and [[marsh frog]]s (''P. ridibundus'')<ref>{{cite web|date=September 1, 2009|title=Intensive frog farming takes giant leap forward|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17717-intensive-frog-farming-takes-giant-leap-forward/|access-date=3 February 2018|publisher=[[New Scientist]]}}</ref>
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:RanaLessonae1.JPG|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''4a''' ''Anura''
|-
||[[Crab-eating frog]] (''Fejervarya cancrivora'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Java]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat
|[[File:Fejer cancri 050403 002 tdp.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''4a''' ''Anura''
|-
||[[Chinese edible frog]] (''Hoplobatrachus rugulosus'') and [[Hoplobatrachus tigerinus|Indus Valley bullfrog]] (''H. tigerinus'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | date uncertain
| style="text-align:center;"|[[China]], [[Thailand]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Hoplobatrachus rugulosus 2.jpg|130px]]
| Captive-bred
|
|'''4a''' ''Anura''
|-
||[[Blue mussel]] (''Mytilus edulis'')
| data-sort-value="1410" | the 14th century CE
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Europe]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Blue mussel Mytilus edulis.jpg|130px]]
| Captured in the wild or captive-bred
| Extended in the wild and in captivity
| '''7a''' ''Mollusca''
|-
||[[New Zealand green-lipped mussel]] (''Perna canaliculus'')
| data-sort-value="1971" | the 1970s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[New Zealand]]
| style="text-align:center;"|meat, pets
|[[File:Green Lipped Mussel (314300764).jpg|130px]]
| Captured in the wild and captive-bred
|
| '''7a''' ''Mollusca''
|-
||[[Purple dye murex]] (''Bolinus brandaris'')
| data-sort-value="-9999" | classical antiquity (date uncertain)
| style="text-align:center;"|the central and western [[Mediterranean Sea]]
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Tyrian purple]], meat
|[[File:Brandhorn Bolinus brandaris 2.jpg|130px]]
| Historically captive-bred
| No longer farmed
| '''7a''' ''Mollusca''
|-
|[[Striped skunk]] (''Mephitis mephitis'')
| data-sort-value="1910" | the 19th century [[Common Era|CE]]{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North America]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pelts, pest control, pets
|[[File:Zoo des 3 vallées - Mouffette rayée - 2015-01-02 - i3441.jpg|130px]]
| Tame when captive-bred, significant physical changes{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}
| Somewhat common in the wild and in captivity
|'''1c''' ''Carnivora''
|}
==
The categories used in the Taxon group column are:
*'''1a:''' ''[[Even-toed ungulate|Artiodactyla]]'' except ''[[Bovidae]]'', '''1b:''' ''[[Bovidae]]'', '''1c:''' ''[[Carnivora]]'', '''1d:''' ''[[Rodent]]ia'', '''1e:''' ''Other [[mammal]]s''
*'''2a:''' ''[[Anseriformes]]'', '''2b:''' ''[[Galliformes]]'', '''2c:''' ''[[Columbidae|Columbiformes]]'', '''2d:''' ''[[Passerine|Passeriformes]]'', '''2e:''' ''[[Parrot|Psittaciformes]]'', '''2f:''' ''[[Palaeognathae]]'', '''2g:''' [[Accipitridae]], '''2h:''' ''Other [[bird]]s''
*'''3a:''' ''[[Snake|Serpentes]]'', '''3b:''' ''[[Lizard|Lacertilia]]'', '''3c:''' ''[[Turtle|Testudines]]'', '''3d:''' ''Other [[reptile]]s''
*'''4a:''' ''[[Frog|Anura]]'', '''4b:''' ''Other [[amphibian]]s''
*'''5a:''' ''[[Cyprinidae]]'', '''5b:''' ''[[Carangiformes]]'' ''', 5c:''' ''[[Anabantiformes]]'', '''5d:''' ''[[Salmonidae]]'', '''5e:''' ''Other [[fish]]''
*'''6a:''' ''[[Hymenoptera]]'', '''6b:''' ''[[Lepidoptera]]'', '''6c:''' ''[[Blattodea]]'', '''6d:''' ''Other [[insect]]s'', '''6e:''' ''Other [[arthropod]]s''
*'''7a:''' ''[[Mollusca]]'', '''7b:''' ''[[Annelid]]a'', '''7c:''' ''Other [[animal]]s''
==
*[[List of domesticated plants]]
*[[List of domesticated fungi and microorganisms]]
==
{{Reflist}}
{{Animal domestication}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Domesticated animals|*]]
[[Category:Lists of domesticated animals| ]]
<!-- date of first domesticated animal tabulated -->
[[Category:Origins|Domesticated animals]]<!-- origin of each domesticated animal tabulated -->
| |||