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{{About||the 1985 Indian film|April 18 (film)}}
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{{This date in recent years}}
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==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[796]] – King [[Æthelred I of Northumbria]] is murdered in [[Coria (Corbridge)|Corbridge]] by a group led by his [[ealdormen]], Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' [[Osbald of Northumbria|Osbald]] is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kirby |first1=D. P. |title=The Earliest English Kings |date=2000 |publisher=Psychology Press |isbn=978-0-415-24210-3 |page=131 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fzhk_DvzqSkC&pg=PA131 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1428]] – Peace of Ferrara between [[Republic of Venice]], [[Duchy of Milan]], [[Republic of Florence]] and [[House of Gonzaga]]: ending of the second campaign of the [[Wars in Lombardy]] fought until the [[Treaty of Lodi]] in 1454, which will then guarantee the conditions for the development of the [[Italian Renaissance]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Niccolò Machiavelli|title= History of Florence, Book IV}}</ref>
*[[1506]] – The [[cornerstone]] of the current [[St. Peter's Basilica]] is laid.
*[[1518]] – [[Bona Sforza]] is crowned as [[queen consort]] of Poland.
*[[1521]] – Trial of [[Martin Luther]] begins its second day during the assembly of the [[Diet of Worms]]. He refuses to recant his [[Lutheranism|teachings]] despite the risk of excommunication.
===1601–1900===
*[[1689]] – [[Boston]]ians rise up [[1689 Boston revolt|in rebellion]] against Sir [[Edmund Andros]].
*[[1738]] – ''[[Real Academia de la Historia]]'' ("Royal Academy of History") is founded in [[Madrid]].
*[[1775]] – [[American Revolution]]: The [[British Army during the American Revolutionary War|British Army]] advances up the [[Charles River]] in [[Province of Massachusetts Bay|Massachusetts]] to destroy supplies of American [[militia]]s, while [[Paul Revere]] and other riders [[Paul Revere's midnight ride|rapidly warn the countryside]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Fischer|first=David Hackett|author-link=David Hackett Fischer|date= 1994|title=Paul Revere's Ride|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=knC-kTFI9_gC|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195088472}}</ref>
*[[1783]] – [[Three-Fifths Compromise]]: The first instance of black slaves in the United States of America being counted as three-fifths of persons (for the purpose of taxation), in a resolution of the [[Congress of the Confederation]]. This was later adopted in the 1787 Constitution.<ref>Story, Joseph (1833) ''[[Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States]]'', [https://lonang.com/library/reference/story-commentaries-us-constitution/sto-309/ §641 (Book 3, Chapter 9)]</ref>
*[[
*[[1847]] – American victory at the [[battle of Cerro Gordo]] opens the way for invasion of Mexico.
*[[1857]] – "[[The Spirits Book]]" by [[Allan Kardec]] is published, marking the birth of [[Kardecist spiritism|Spiritualism]] in France.
*[[1864]] – [[Battle of Dybbøl]]: A [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]]-[[Austrian Empire|Austrian]] army defeats Denmark and gains control of [[Duchy of Schleswig|Schleswig]]. Denmark surrenders the province in the following peace settlement.
*[[1897]] – The [[Greco-Turkish War (1897)|Greco-Turkish War]] is declared between Greece and the [[Ottoman Empire]].
*[[1899]] – The [[St. Andrew's Ambulance Association]] is granted a [[royal charter]] by [[Queen Victoria]].
===1901–present===
*[[1902]] – The 7.5 {{M|w}} [[1902 Guatemala earthquake|Guatemala earthquake]] shakes [[Guatemala]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of VIII (''Severe''), killing between 800 and 2,000.
*[[1906]] – The 7.9 {{M|w}}[[1906 San Francisco earthquake|earthquake]] and fire destroy much of [[San Francisco]], [[California]], killing more than 3,000 people, making one of the worst natural disasters in American history.
*[[1909]] – [[Joan of Arc]] is beatified in Rome.
*[[1912]] – The [[Cunard Line|Cunard]] liner {{RMS|Carpathia|}} brings 705 survivors from the {{RMS|Titanic|}} to New York City.
*[[1915]] – [[World War I]]: French pilot [[Roland Georges Garros|Roland Garros]] is shot down and glides to a landing on the German side of the lines.
*[[1916]] – World War I: During a [[Mines on the Italian front (World War I)|mine warfare in high altitude]] on the [[Dolomites]], the Italian troops conquer the Col di Lana held by the Austrian army.<ref>{{cite book |author=Thompson, Mark|title= The White War: Life and Death on the Italian Front, 1915-1919|publisher= Faber & Faber|year= 2009}}</ref>
*[[1930]] – [[1930 Costești wooden church fire|A fire kills 118 people]] at a wooden church in the small Romanian town of [[Costești]], most of them schoolchildren, after starting during [[Good Friday]] services.<ref>{{cite news |date=April 19, 1930 |title=144 Die; Fire and Panic End Easter Mass |newspaper=[[Chicago Daily Tribune]] |page=1}}</ref>
*[[1938]] – [[Superman]] debuts in [[Action Comics 1|''Action Comics'' #1]] (cover dated June 1938).<ref>{{cite book|last=Nevins|first=Jess|title=The Evolution of the Costumed Avenger: The 4,000-year History of the Superhero|___location=Santa Barbara, Calif.|publisher=Praeger|date=2017|isbn=9781440854835|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QI3DEAAAQBAJ|page=213}}</ref>
*[[1939]] – [[Robert Menzies]], who became Australia's longest-serving prime minister, is [[1939 United Australia Party leadership election|elected]] as leader of the [[United Australia Party]] after the death of Prime Minister [[Joseph Lyons]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Allan |last=Martin |title=Robert Menzies: A Life |volume=1 (1894–1943) |year=1993 |publisher=Melbourne University Press |isbn=0522844421 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/robertmenzieslif0000mart}}</ref>
*[[1942]] – [[World War II]]: The [[Doolittle Raid]] on Japan: Tokyo, [[Yokohama]], [[Kobe]] and [[Nagoya]] are bombed.
* 1942 – [[Pierre Laval]] becomes [[Prime Minister]] of [[Vichy France]].
*[[1943]] – World War II: [[Operation Vengeance]], Admiral [[Isoroku Yamamoto]] is killed when his aircraft is shot down by U.S. fighters over [[Bougainville Island]].
*[[1945]] – World War II: Over 1,000 [[bomber]]s attack the small island of [[Heligoland]], Germany.
* 1945 – [[Italian resistance movement]]: In [[Turin]], despite the harsh repressive measures adopted by Nazi-fascists, a great pre-insurrectional strike begins.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.museotorino.it/view/s/106f6b047b754312865548f408f24d38 |title=18 aprile 1945: lo sciopero pre-insurrezionale |website=Museo Torino |language=it}}</ref>
*[[1946]] – The [[International Court of Justice]] holds its inaugural meeting in [[The Hague]], Netherlands.
*1946 – [[Jackie Robinson]] makes his regular season debut for the [[Montreal Royals]] of the [[International League]], to make them the first integrated modern professional baseball team.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://baseballhalloffame.ca/42-a-story-of-baseballs-integration/| title=42: A Story of Baseball's Integration| publisher=Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame}}</ref>
*[[1947]] – The [[Operation Big Bang]], the largest non-nuclear man-made explosion to that time, destroys bunkers and military installations on the North Sea island of Heligoland, Germany.<ref name="SpiegelHelgoland">{{cite news| date = 13 April 2007| url =http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/zeitgeschichte/0,1518,477076,00.html| title=Der Tag, an dem Helgoland der Megabombe trotzte| work=[[Der Spiegel]]| language=de}}</ref>
*[[1949]] – The [[Republic of Ireland Act 1948|Republic of Ireland Act]] comes into force, declaring ''[[Éire]]'' to be a [[republic]] and severing [[Ireland]]{{'s}} "association" with the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Biletz|first=Frank A.|chapter=Republic of Ireland Act (1948)|title=Historical Dictionary of Ireland|___location=Lanham, Md.|publisher=Scarecrow Press|date=2014|isbn=9780810850774|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rb8eAgAAQBAJ|pages=380–381|postscript=none}}; {{cite book|last=Mansergh|first=Nicholas|title=Survey of British Commonwealth Affairs: Problems of Wartime Cooperation and Post-War Change, 1939-1592|___location=London|publisher=Routledge|date=2013|isbn=9780203041901|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dZKAAAAAQBAJ|page=287}}</ref>
*[[1954]] – [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] seizes power in [[Egypt]].
*[[1955]] – Twenty-nine nations meet at [[Bandung]], Indonesia, for the first [[Asian-African Conference]].
*[[1972]] – [[East African Airways Flight 720]] crashes during a [[rejected takeoff]] from [[Addis Ababa Bole International Airport]] in [[Addis Ababa]], Ethiopia, killing 43.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Vickers Super VC10-1154 5X-UVA Addis Ababa-Bole Airport (ADD) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19720418-1 |access-date=2022-04-17 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[1980]] – The [[Republic of Zimbabwe]] (formerly [[Rhodesia]]) comes into being, with [[Canaan Banana]] as the country's first President. The [[Zimbabwean dollar]] replaces the [[Rhodesian dollar]] as the official currency.
* 1980 – The town of [[Elmore City, Oklahoma]] holds its first dance in the town's history.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tulsaworld.com/life-entertainment/local/movies-tv/footloose-at-40-heres-the-story-of-oklahoma-town-that-inspired-iconic-movie/article_0887f08c-c114-11ee-b715-8f2960a79e1d.html|title='Footloose' at 40: Here's the story of Oklahoma town that inspired iconic movie|first=Jimmie Tramel Tulsa|last=World|date=15 February 2024|website=Tulsa World|accessdate=19 February 2024}}</ref>
*[[1988]] – The United States launches [[Operation Praying Mantis]] against [[Iran]]ian naval forces in the largest naval battle since World War II.
* 1988 – In Israel [[John Demjanjuk]] is sentenced to death for [[war crime]]s committed in World War II, although the verdict is later overturned.<ref>{{cite book |title=Israel 50 |year=1997 |isbn=965-474-005-2|last1=שיף |first1=יהודה |publisher=אלפא תקשורת }}</ref>
*[[1996]] – The Israeli military commits the [[Qana massacre]] in a deliberate shelling of a [[United Nations]] compound near the village of [[Qana]] in southern [[Lebanon]], killing 106 Lebanese civilians who were taking shelter there and wounding over 100 more.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1996-05-05 |title=Massacre film puts Israel in dock |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/massacre-film-puts-israel-in-dock-1345897.html |access-date=2025-04-21 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>
*[[2018]] – [[Ngwenyama|King]] [[Mswati III]] of Swaziland announces that his country's name will change to [[Eswatini]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-04-19 |title=Swaziland king changes the country's name |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 |access-date=2018-04-19}}</ref>
* 2018 – [[2018–2022 Nicaraguan protests|Anti-government protests]] start in Nicaragua.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Semple |first=Kirk |date=2018-04-20 |title=Las protestas ciudadanas sacuden a Nicaragua |work=The New York Times |language=Spanish |url=https://www.nytimes.com/es/2018/04/20/espanol/america-latina/nicaragua-protestas-pensiones-seguridad-social.html |access-date=2023-04-18}}</ref>
*[[2019]] – A redacted version of the [[Mueller report]] is released to the [[United States Congress]] and the public.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/18/us/politics/mueller-report-released-live.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220101/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/18/us/politics/mueller-report-released-live.html |archive-date=2022-01-01 |url-access=limited|title=What We Know So Far From the Mueller Report|last=Baker|first=Peter|date=2019-04-19|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-05-22|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
==Births==
===Pre-1600===
* [[
* [[
* [[
*[[
*[[1480]] – [[Lucrezia Borgia]], daughter of Pope Alexander VI (died 1519)
*[[
*[[1534]] – [[William Harrison (clergyman)|William Harrison]], English clergyman (died 1593)
*[[1580]] – [[Thomas Middleton]], English Jacobean playwright and poet (died 1627)
*[[1590]] – [[Ahmed I]], [[Ottoman Emperor]] (died 1617)<ref>{{cite web |title=Ahmed I {{!}} Reign, Succession, Dynasty {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ahmed-I |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=9 August 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
===1601–1900===
*[[1605]] – [[Giacomo Carissimi]], Italian priest and composer (died 1674)
*[[1666]] – [[Jean-Féry Rebel]], French violinist and composer (died 1747)
*[[1740]] – [[Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet]], English banker and politician (died 1810)
*[[1759]] – [[Jacques Widerkehr]], French cellist and composer (died 1823)
*[[
*[[1772]] – [[David Ricardo]], British economist and politician (died 1823)
*[[1794]] – [[William Debenham]], English founder of [[Debenhams]] (died 1863)
*[[1813]] – [[James McCune Smith]], African-American physician, apothecary, abolitionist, and author (died 1865)
*[[1819]] – [[Carlos Manuel de Céspedes]], Cuban lawyer and activist (died 1874)
* 1819 – [[Franz von Suppé]], Austrian composer and conductor (died 1895)
*[[1838]] – [[Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran]], French chemist and academic (died 1912)
*[[1854]] – [[Ludwig Levy]], German architect (died 1907)
*[[1857]] – [[Clarence Darrow]], American lawyer (died 1938)
*[[1858]] – [[Dhondo Keshav Karve]], Indian educator and activist, [[Bharat Ratna]] Awardee (died 1962)
* 1858 – [[Alexander Shirvanzade]], Armenian playwright and author (died 1935)
*[[1863]] – [[Count Leopold Berchtold]], Austrian-Hungarian politician and diplomat, [[List of foreign ministers of Austria-Hungary|Joint Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary]] (died 1942)
* 1863 – [[Linton Hope]], English sailor and architect (died 1920)
* 1863 – [[Siegfried Bettmann]], founder of the Triumph Motorcycle Company and Mayor of Coventry (died 1955)
*[[1864]] – [[Richard Harding Davis]], American journalist and author (died 1916)
*[[1874]] – [[Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić]], Croatian author and poet (died 1938)
*[[1877]] – [[Vicente Sotto]], Filipino lawyer and politician (died 1950)
*[[1879]] – [[Korneli Kekelidze]], Georgian philologist and scholar (died 1962)
*[[1880]] – [[Sam Crawford]], American baseball player, coach, and umpire (died 1968)
*[[1882]] – [[Isaac Babalola Akinyele]], Nigerian ruler (died 1964)
* 1882 – [[Leopold Stokowski]], English conductor (died 1977)
*[[1883]] – [[Aleksanteri Aava]], Finnish poet (died 1956)<ref>[http://tenkaset.fi/galleria/merkkihenkilot/aava/aava.htm Runoilija Aleksanteri Aava (1883–1956)] (in Finnish)</ref>
*[[1884]] – [[Jaan Anvelt]], Estonian educator and politician (died 1937)
*[[1889]] – [[Jessie Street]], Australian activist (died 1970)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Radi |first1=Heather |title=Street, Lady Jessie Mary (1889–1970) |chapter=Lady Jessie Mary Street (1889–1970) |url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/street-lady-jessie-mary-11789 |website=Australian Dictionary of Biography |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |access-date=9 February 2020 |archive-date=21 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221074101/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/street-lady-jessie-mary-11789 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[1892]] – [[Eugene Houdry]], French-American mechanical engineer and inventor (died 1962)
*[[1897]] – [[Ardito Desio]], Italian geologist and cartographer (died 2001)
*[[1898]] – [[Patrick Hennessy (industrialist)|Patrick Hennessy]], Irish soldier and businessman (died 1981)
*[[1900]] – [[Bertha Isaacs]], Bahamian teacher, tennis player, politician and women's rights activist (died 1997)<ref>{{cite web|ref={{harvid|Womens Suffrage Bahamas|2012}}|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Albertha Isaacs|url=http://www.womensuffragebahamas.com/history/suffrage-women/albertha-isaacs/|website=Womens Suffrage Bahamas|access-date=3 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160515194411/http://www.womensuffragebahamas.com/history/suffrage-women/albertha-isaacs/|archive-date=15 May 2016|___location=Nassau, The Bahamas|date=2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
===1901–present===
*[[1901]] – [[Al Lewis (lyricist)|Al Lewis]], American songwriter (died 1967)
* 1901 – [[László Németh]], Hungarian dentist, author, and playwright (died 1975)
*[[1902]] – [[Waldemar Hammenhög]], Swedish author (died 1972)
* 1902 – [[Giuseppe Pella]], Italian politician, 32nd [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (died 1981)
*[[1904]] – [[Pigmeat Markham]], African-American comedian, singer, and dancer (died 1981)
*[[1905]] – [[Sydney Halter]], Canadian lawyer and businessman (died 1990)
* 1905 – [[George H. Hitchings]], American physician and pharmacologist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (died 1998)
*[[1907]] – [[Miklós Rózsa]], Hungarian-American composer and conductor (died 1995)
*[[1911]] – [[Maurice Goldhaber]], Ukrainian-American physicist and academic (died 2011)
*[[1914]] – [[Claire Martin (writer)|Claire Martin]], Canadian author (died 2014)
*[[1915]] – [[Joy Davidman]], Polish-Ukrainian American poet and author (died 1960)
*[[1916]] – [[Carl Burgos]], American illustrator (died 1984)
*[[1918]] – [[Gabriel Axel]], Danish-French actor, director, and producer (died 2014)
* 1918 – [[André Bazin]], French critic and theorist (died 1958)
* 1918 – [[Shinobu Hashimoto]], Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2018)
* 1918 – [[Clifton Hillegass]], American publisher, founded ''[[CliffsNotes]]'' (died 2001)
* 1918 – [[Tony Mottola]], American guitarist and composer (died 2004)
*[[1919]] – [[Virginia O'Brien]], American actress and singer (died 2001)
* 1919 – [[Esther Afua Ocloo]], Ghanaian entrepreneur and pioneer of microlending (died 2002)
*[[1920]] – [[John F. Wiley]], American football player and coach (died 2013)
*[[1921]] – [[Jean Richard (actor)|Jean Richard]], French actor and singer (died 2001)
*[[1922]] – [[Barbara Hale]], American actress (died 2017)
*[[1924]] – [[Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2005)
*[[1925]] – [[Marcus Schmuck]], Austrian mountaineer and author (died 2005)
*[[1926]] – [[Doug Insole]], English cricketer (died 2017)
*[[1927]] – [[Samuel P. Huntington]], American political scientist, author, and academic (died 2008)
* 1927 – [[Tadeusz Mazowiecki]], Polish journalist and politician, [[Prime Minister of Poland]] (died 2013)
*[[1928]] – [[Karl Josef Becker]], German cardinal and theologian (died 2015)
* 1928 – [[Otto Piene]], German sculptor and academic (died 2014)
*[[1929]] – [[Peter Hordern (politician)|Peter Hordern]], English soldier and politician (died 2024)
*[[1930]] – [[Clive Revill]], New Zealand actor and singer (died 2025)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barnes |first=Mike |date=March 26, 2025 |title=Clive Revill, Voice of the Emperor in 'The Empire Strikes Back,' Dies at 94 |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/clive-revill-dead-empire-strikes-back-emperor-1236173505/ |access-date=April 8, 2025 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
* 1930 – [[Jean Guillou]], French organist (died 2019)<ref name="Schott">{{cite web
| url = https://en.schott-music.com/shop/autoren/jean-guillou
| title = Jean Guillou
| publisher = [[Schott Music]]
| date = 2025
| access-date = 8 April 2025
}}</ref>
*[[1931]] – [[Bill Miles]], American director and producer (died 2013)
*[[1934]] – [[James Drury]], American actor (died 2020)
* 1934 – [[George Shirley]], African-American tenor and educator
*[[1935]] – [[Costas Ferris]], Egyptian-Greek actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
*[[1936]] – [[Roger Graef]], American-English criminologist, director, and producer (died 2022)
* 1936 – [[Vladimir Hütt]], Estonian physicist and philosopher (died 1997)
*[[1937]] – [[Keiko Abe]], Japanese marimba player and composer<ref>{{cite book |title=Abe, Keiko |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000044618 |website=Grove Music Online |year=2001 |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.44618 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |access-date=4 February 2022 |language=en |last1=Edwards |first1=J. Michele }}</ref>
* 1937 – [[Jan Kaplický]], Czech architect, designed the [[Selfridges Building, Birmingham|Selfridges Building]] (died 2009)
*[[1939]] – [[Glen Hardin]], American pianist and arranger
* 1939 – [[Thomas J. Moyer]], American lawyer and judge (died 2010)
*[[1940]] – [[Joseph L. Goldstein]], American biochemist and geneticist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate
* 1940 – [[Mike Vickers]], English guitarist, saxophonist, and songwriter
*[[1941]] – [[Michael D. Higgins]], Irish sociologist and politician, 9th [[President of Ireland]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The President Michael D Higgins |url=https://president.ie/en/the-president/michael-d-higgins |website=Office of the President of Ireland |publisher=[[Áras an Uachtaráin]] |access-date=22 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1942]] – [[Michael Beloff]], English lawyer and academic
* 1942 – [[Robert Christgau]], American journalist and critic
* 1942 – [[Jochen Rindt]], German-Austrian racing driver (died 1970)
*[[1944]] – [[Kathy Acker]], American author and poet (died 1997)
* 1944 – [[Philip Jackson (sculptor)|Philip Jackson]], Scottish sculptor and photographer
*[[1945]] – [[Bernard Arcand]], Canadian anthropologist and author (died 2009)
*[[1946]] – [[Hayley Mills]], English actress<ref name="bell">{{cite book |last1=Bell |first1=Mary Hayley |title=What Shall We Do Tomorrow? |date=1968 |publisher=Cassell & Co. LTD. |pages=180–182}}</ref>
*[[1947]] – [[Moses Blah]], Liberian general and politician, 23rd [[President of Liberia]] (died 2013)
* 1947 – [[Jerzy Stuhr]], Polish actor, director, and screenwriter
* 1947 – [[James Woods]], American actor and producer
*[[1948]] – [[Régis Wargnier]], French director, producer, and screenwriter
*[[1950]] – [[Grigory Sokolov]], Russian pianist and composer
*[[1953]] – [[Rick Moranis]], Canadian-American actor, comedian, singer and screenwriter
* 1953 – [[Sk. Mujibur Rahman]], Bengali politician<ref name=bio>{{cite book|title=Who's Who of Members|page=348|publisher=West Bengal Legislative Assembly Secretariat|year=2006}}</ref>
*[[1954]] – [[Robert Greenberg]], American pianist and composer
*[[1956]] – [[Eric Roberts]], American actor<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Celebrity birthdays for the week of April 18–24|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory/celebrity-birthdays-week-april-18-24-77018325|access-date=2021-06-03|website=ABC News|language=en}}</ref>
*[[1958]] – [[Gabi Delgado-López]], Spanish-German singer, co-founder of [[Deutsch Amerikanische Freundschaft|D.A.F.]] (died 2020)
* 1958 – [[Malcolm Marshall]], Barbadian cricketer and coach (died 1999)
*[[1959]] – [[Susan Faludi]], American journalist, author and feminist<ref>{{cite web |title=Susan Faludi |url=https://www.britannica.com/explore/100women/profiles/susan-faludi |website=Britannica Presents 100 Women Trailblazers |access-date=26 July 2021 |language=en |date=25 March 2020}}</ref>
* [[1960]] – [[Yelena Zhupiyeva-Vyazova]], Ukrainian runner
*[[1961]] – [[Jane Leeves]], English actress and dancer
* 1961 – [[John Podhoretz]], American journalist and author
*[[1962]] – [[Jeff Dunham]], American ventriloquist and comedian<ref>{{cite web |title=Before he was a Comedy Central & Netflix star, Jeff Dunham was a Baylor Bear |url=https://www2.baylor.edu/baylorproud/2022/04/before-he-was-a-comedy-central-netflix-star-jeff-dunham-was-a-baylor-bear/ |publisher=[[Baylor University]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |date=15 April 2022}}</ref>
*[[1963]] – [[Eric McCormack]], Canadian-American actor<ref name=":0" />
* 1963 – [[Conan O'Brien]], American television host, comedian, and podcaster<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Rose|first=Mike|date=April 18, 2021|title=Today's famous birthdays list for April 18, 2021 includes celebrities David Tennant, America Ferrera|url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2021/04/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-april-18-2021-includes-celebrities-david-tennant-america-ferrera.html|url-status=live|access-date=June 3, 2021|website=Cleveland|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418110101/https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2021/04/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-april-18-2021-includes-celebrities-david-tennant-america-ferrera.html |archive-date=2021-04-18 }}</ref>
*[[1964]] – [[Niall Ferguson]], Scottish historian and academic
*[[1967]] – [[Maria Bello]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |title=Famous birthdays for April 18: Britt Robertson, Maria Bello |url=https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2020/04/18/Famous-birthdays-for-April-18-Britt-Robertson-Maria-Bello/8781586912884/ |publisher=[[UPI]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |date=18 April 2020}}</ref>
*[[1969]] – [[Keith DeCandido]], American author
*[[1970]] – [[Saad Hariri]], Saudi Arabian-Lebanese businessman and politician, 33rd [[Prime Minister of Lebanon]]
* 1970 – [[Willie Roaf]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Willie Roaf |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/willie-roaf/ |publisher=[[Pro Football Hall of Fame]] |access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref>
*[[1971]] – [[David Tennant]], Scottish actor
*[[1972]] – [[Rosa Clemente]], American journalist and activist
* 1972 – [[Eli Roth]], American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
*[[1973]] – [[Derrick Brooks]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Derrick Brooks |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/derrick-brooks/ |publisher=[[Pro Football Hall of Fame]] |access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref>
* 1973 – [[Haile Gebrselassie]], Ethiopian runner
*[[1974]] – [[Edgar Wright]], English filmmaker<ref>{{cite web |title=Simon Pegg Celebrates Edgar Wright's Birthday In Today's Twitter-Wood |url=https://www.mtv.com/news/e3dyvx/simon-pegg-celebrates-edgar-wrights-birthday-in-todays-twitter-wood |publisher=[[MTV]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |date=18 April 2012}}{{dead link|date=June 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
*[[1976]] – [[Melissa Joan Hart]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ryan |first1=Lidia |title=Melissa Joan Hart through the years |url=https://www.ctpost.com/entertainment/slideshow/Melissa-Joan-Hart-through-the-years-128185.php |publisher=[[Connecticut Post]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |date=15 April 2016 |archive-date=6 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406215501/https://www.ctpost.com/entertainment/slideshow/Melissa-Joan-Hart-through-the-years-128185.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[1979]] – [[Kourtney Kardashian]], American television personality<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rice |first1=Nicholas |title=Kourtney Kardashian Celebrates 43rd Birthday with Blended Family Trip to Disneyland: 'Grateful' |url=https://people.com/parents/kourtney-kardashian-celebrates-43rd-birthday-with-blended-family-disneyland-trip/ |publisher=[[People (magazine)|People]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |date=21 April 2022}}</ref>
*[[1981]] – [[Audrey Tang]], Taiwanese Minister of Digital Affairs and programmer
*[[1983]] – [[Miguel Cabrera]], Venezuelan baseball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Miguel Cabrera |url=https://www.mlb.com/player/miguel-cabrera-408234 |publisher=[[Major League Baseball]] |access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref>
*[[1984]] – [[America Ferrera]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |last1=Avila |first1=Pamela |title=America Ferrera Is ''Overwhelmed With Love'' After Husband Throws Her Surprise Zoom Party For Her B-Day |url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1142522/america-ferrera-is-overwhelmed-with-love-after-husband-throws-her-surprise-zoom-party-for-her-b-day |publisher=[[E!]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |date=19 April 2020}}</ref>
*[[1985]] – [[Łukasz Fabiański]], Polish footballer<ref>{{cite news |title=Lukasz Fabianski: Overview |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3309/Lukasz-Fabianski/overview |publisher=Premier League |accessdate=26 March 2020}}</ref>
*[[1986]] – [[Tina Bru]], Norwegian politician<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Tina Bru |first=Vibeke |last=Lauritsen |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |date=11 January 2024 |editor-last=Bolstad | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |___location=Oslo |url=https://snl.no/Tina_Bru |language=no|access-date=17 March 2024}}</ref>
*[[1988]] – [[Vanessa Kirby]], English actress<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wally |first1=Maxine |title=How Vanessa Kirby Became Red Carpet Fashion Royalty |url=https://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/vanessa-kirby-red-carpet-fashion |publisher=[[W (magazine)|W]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |date=16 April 2021}}</ref>
*[[1989]] – [[Jessica Jung]], South Korean-American singer, songwriter, actress, author, fashion designer and businesswoman<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jessica Sooyoun Jung, Born 04/18/1989 in California {{!}} CaliforniaBirthIndex.org |url=https://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/jessica_sooyoun_jung_born_1989_19263553 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828042457/https://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/jessica_sooyoun_jung_born_1989_19263553 |archive-date=2018-08-28 |access-date=2022-12-31 |website=[[California Birth Index]]}}</ref>
* 1989 – [[Alia Shawkat]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |last1=Armecin |first1=Catherine |title=Alia Shawkat Spent Birthday With Brad Pitt? Actress Spotted Biking Away From Gated Community |url=https://www.ibtimes.com/alia-shawkat-spent-birthday-brad-pitt-actress-spotted-biking-away-gated-community-2961225 |work=[[International Business Times]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |date=19 April 2020}}</ref>
*[[1990]] – [[Wojciech Szczęsny]], Polish footballer<ref>{{cite web |title=Wojciech Szczęsny: Overview |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/3543/Wojciech-Szczesny/overview |publisher=Premier League |access-date=25 February 2020}}</ref>
*[[1992]] – [[Chloe Bennet]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |last1=Jayson |first1=Jay |title=Happy Birthday! Chloe Bennet Turns 24 Today |url=https://comicbook.com/marvel/news/happy-birthday-chloe-bennet-turns-24-today/ |publisher=[[ComicBook.com]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |date=18 April 2016}}</ref>
*[[1993]] – [[Mika Zibanejad]], Swedish ice hockey player<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mika Zibanejad |url=https://www.nhl.com/rangers/player/mika-zibanejad-8476459 |access-date=11 April 2024 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]]}}</ref>
*[[1994]] – [[Aminé]], American singer-songwriter<ref>{{cite web |title=Aminé |url=https://music.apple.com/md/artist/amin%C3%A9/1097595072 |website=Apple Music |access-date=April 18, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1995]] – [[Divock Origi]], Belgian footballer<ref>{{cite web |title=Divock Origi |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/10465/Divock-Origi/overview |publisher=Premier League |access-date=25 October 2023}}</ref>
*[[1996]] – [[Ski Mask the Slump God]], American rapper<ref>{{cite web |title=SKI MASK THE SLUMP GOD |url=https://thevogue.com/artists/ski-mask-the-slump-god/ |website=thevogue.com |access-date=April 18, 2024 |archive-date=April 18, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418175124/https://thevogue.com/artists/ski-mask-the-slump-god/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[2001]] – [[PinkPantheress]], English singer, songwriter, and record producer<ref>{{Cite web |title=PinkPantheress |url=https://genius.com/artists/Pinkpantheress |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240410041051/https://genius.com/artists/Pinkpantheress |archive-date=10 April 2024 |access-date=11 April 2024 |website=Genius}}</ref>
==Deaths==
===Pre-1600===
*[[AD 727|727]] – [[Agallianos Kontoskeles]], Byzantine commander and rebel leader
* [[850]] – [[Perfectus]], Spanish monk and [[martyr]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Archibald Ross Lewis|title=The Islamic world and the West, A.D. 622-1492|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J69mAAAAMAAJ|year=1970|publisher=Wiley|isbn=978-0-471-53200-2|page=13}}</ref>
* [[909]] – [[Dionysius II of Antioch|Dionysius II]], Syriac Orthodox patriarch of [[Antioch]]
* [[943]] – [[Fujiwara no Atsutada]], Japanese nobleman and poet (born 906)
* [[963]] – [[Stephen Lekapenos]], co-emperor of the [[Byzantine Empire]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Runciman|first=Steven|author-link=Steven Runciman|title=The Emperor Romanus Lecapenus and His Reign: A Study of Tenth-Century Byzantium|___location=Cambridge, United Kingdom|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1988|orig-year=1929|isbn=0-521-35722-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XHVzWN6gqxQC|page=236}}</ref>
*[[1161]] – [[Theobald of Bec]], French-English archbishop (born 1090)
*[[1176]] – [[Galdino della Sala]], Italian archdeacon and saint
*[[1430]] – [[John III, Count of Nassau-Siegen]], German count<ref>{{cite book |last=Dek |first=A.W.E. |date=1970 |title=Genealogie van het Vorstenhuis Nassau |language=nl |___location=Zaltbommel |publisher=Europese Bibliotheek |page=214 }}</ref>
*[[1552]] – [[John Leland (antiquary)|John Leland]], English poet and historian (born 1502)<ref>{{cite book|author1=John Leland|author2=John Chandler|title=John Leland's Itinerary: Travels in Tudor England|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ykEXAQAAMAAJ|year=1993|publisher=Sutton Pub.|isbn=978-0-7509-1751-3|page=xvi}}</ref>
*[[1555]] – [[Polydore Vergil]], English historian (born 1470)<ref>{{cite book|author=Denys Hay|title=Polydore Vergil: Renaissance Historian and Man of Letters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-HliAAAAMAAJ|year=1952|publisher=At the Clarendon Press}}</ref>
*[[1556]] – [[Luigi Alamanni]], Italian poet and politician (born 1495)
*[[1567]] – [[Wilhelm von Grumbach]], German adventurer (born 1503)
*[[1587]] – [[John Foxe]], English historian and author (born 1516)<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Foxe, John|volume=10|pages=770–771}}</ref>
===1601–1900===
*[[1636]] – [[Julius Caesar (judge)|Julius Caesar]], English judge and politician (born 1557)
*[[1650]] – [[Simonds d'Ewes]], English lawyer and politician (born 1602)
*[[1674]] – [[John Graunt]], English demographer and statistician (born 1620)
*[[1689]] – [[George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys]], Welsh judge and politician, [[Lord Chancellor|Lord Chancellor of Great Britain]] (born 1648)
*[[1732]] – [[Louis Feuillée]], French astronomer, geographer, and botanist (born 1660)
*[[1742]] – [[Arvid Horn]], Swedish general and politician (born 1664)<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Grauers |first=Sven |encyclopedia =[[Svenskt biografiskt lexikon]]|date =1920|publisher =[[National Archives of Sweden]]|___location =Stockholm |language=sv|volume=19 |page=378 |url=https://sok.riksarkivet.se/sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=13807 |title=Arvid Bernhard Horn |access-date= May 1, 2018}}</ref>
*[[1763]] – [[Marie-Josephte Corriveau]], Canadian murderer (born 1733)
*[[1794]] – [[Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden]], English lawyer, judge, and politician, [[Lord Chancellor|Lord Chancellor of Great Britain]] (born 1714)
*[[1796]] – [[Johan Wilcke]], Swedish physicist and academic (born 1732)
*[[1802]] – [[Erasmus Darwin]], English physician and botanist (born 1731)
*[[1832]] – [[Jeanne-Elisabeth Chaudet]], French painter (born 1761)
*[[1859]] – [[Tatya Tope]], Indian general (born 1814)
*[[1864]] – [[Juris Alunāns]], Latvian philologist and linguist (born 1832)
*[[1873]] – [[Justus von Liebig]], German chemist and academic (born 1803)
*[[1890]] – [[Paweł Bryliński]], Polish sculptor (born 1814)<ref>{{cite web |title=Brylinski Pawel |url=https://www.astro.com/astro-databank/Brylinski,_Pawel |website=Astro-Databank |date=27 June 2016 |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>
*[[1898]] – [[Gustave Moreau]], French painter and academic (born 1826)
===1901–present===
*[[1906]] – [[Luis Martín]], Spanish religious leader, 24th [[Superior-General of the Society of Jesus]] (born 1846)
*[[1912]] – [[Martha Ripley]], American physician (born 1843)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ogilvie |first1=Marilyn Bailey |last2=Harvey |first2=Joy Dorothy |author-link=Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie |author-link2=Joy Harvey|title=The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science: L-Z |date=2000 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-415-92040-7 |page=1102 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LTSYePZvSXYC&pg=PA1102 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1917]] – [[Vladimir Serbsky]], Russian psychiatrist and academic (born 1858)
*[[1923]] – [[Savina Petrilli]], Italian religious leader (born 1851)<ref>{{cite web |title=Bl. Savina Petrilli |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=5757 |website=Catholic Online |access-date=29 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Savina Petrilli, Beata |url=http://es.catholic.net/op/articulos/35985/savina-petrilli-beata.html |website=Catholic.net |publisher=Catholic.net Inc |access-date=29 October 2018 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Catholic News Service |title=Blessed Savina Petrilli |url=http://stcloudvisitor.org/blessed-savina-petrilli/ |website=The Visitor |access-date=29 October 2018 |language=en |date=18 April 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=June 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
*[[1936]] – [[Milton Brown]], American singer and bandleader (born 1903)
* 1936 – [[Ottorino Respighi]], Italian composer and conductor (born 1879)
*[[1938]] – [[George Bryant (archer)|George Bryant]], American archer (born 1878)
*[[1942]] – [[Aleksander Mitt]], Estonian speed skater (born 1903)
* 1942 – [[Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney]], American heiress, sculptor and art collector, founded the [[Whitney Museum of American Art]] (born 1875)
*[[1943]] – [[Isoroku Yamamoto]], Japanese admiral (born 1884)
*[[1945]] – [[John Ambrose Fleming]], English physicist and engineer, invented the [[vacuum tube]] (born 1849)
* 1945 – [[Ernie Pyle]], American journalist and soldier (born 1900)
*[[1947]] – [[Jozef Tiso]], Slovak priest and politician, [[President of Slovakia]] (born 1887)
*[[1951]] – [[Óscar Carmona]], Portuguese field marshal and politician, 11th [[President of Portugal]] (born 1869)
*[[1955]] – [[Albert Einstein]], German-American physicist, engineer, and academic (born 1879)
*[[1958]] – [[Maurice Gamelin]], Belgian-French general (born 1872)
*[[1963]] – [[Meyer Jacobstein]], American academic and politician (born 1880)
*[[1964]] – [[Ben Hecht]], American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1894)
*[[1965]] – [[Guillermo González Camarena]], Mexican engineer (born 1917)
*[[1974]] – [[Marcel Pagnol]], French author, playwright, and director (born 1895)
*[[1988]] – [[Oktay Rıfat Horozcu]], Turkish poet and playwright (born 1914)
*[[1995]] – [[Arturo Frondizi]], Argentinian lawyer and politician, 32nd [[President of Argentina]] (born 1908)
*[[2002]] – [[Thor Heyerdahl]], Norwegian ethnographer and explorer (born 1914)<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thor-Heyerdahl |title=Thor Heyerdahl |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica |___location=Edinburgh |access-date=21 April 2021}}</ref>
*[[2004]] – [[Kamisese Mara]], Fijian politician, 2nd [[President of Fiji]] (born 1920)
*[[2008]] – [[Germaine Tillion]], French ethnologist and anthropologist (born 1907)
*[[2012]] – [[Dick Clark]], American television host and producer, founded [[Dick Clark Productions]] (born 1929)
* 2012 – [[René Lépine]], Canadian businessman and philanthropist (born 1929)
* 2012 – [[Robert O. Ragland]], American musician (born 1931)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Barnes|first=Mike|date=2012-04-23|title=Robert O. Ragland, Prolific Film Composer, Dies at 80|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/robert-o-ragland-film-composer-315022/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-24|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716153332/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/robert-o-ragland-film-composer-315022/ |archive-date=2021-07-16 }}</ref>
* 2012 – [[K. D. Wentworth]], American author (born 1951)
*[[2013]] – [[Goran Švob]], Croatian philosopher and author (born 1947)
* 2013 – [[Anne Williams (activist)|Anne Williams]], English activist (born 1951)
*[[2014]] – [[Guru Dhanapal]], Indian director and producer (born 1959)
* 2014 – [[Sanford Jay Frank]], American screenwriter and producer (born 1954)
* 2014 – [[Brian Priestman]], English conductor and academic (born 1927)
*[[2019]] – [[Lyra McKee]], Irish journalist (born 1990)<ref>{{cite web |title=Obituary: Lyra McKee, journalist who wrote about the troubles in her native Northern Ireland |url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/opinion/17588275.obituary-lyra-mckee-journalist-wrote-troubles-native-northern-ireland/ |website=HeraldScotland |date=21 April 2019 |access-date=24 October 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[2022]] – [[Harrison Birtwistle]], British composer (born 1934)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2022/apr/18/sir-harrison-birtwistle-obituary|title=Sir Harrison Birtwistle obituary|work=The Guardian|date=18 April 2022 |access-date=18 April 2022}}</ref>
*2024 – [[Dickey Betts]], American guitarist, singer, songwriter and composer (born 1943)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Veltman |first=Chloe |date=April 18, 2024 |title=Dickey Betts, founding member of the Allman Brothers Band, dies at 80 |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/04/18/1245591933/dickey-betts-dead-the-allman-brothers-band-ramblin-man |access-date=April 18, 2024 |work=[[NPR]]}}</ref>
*2024 – [[Mandisa]], American gospel singer (born 1976)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-19 |title=Mandisa, 'American Idol' singer and Grammy winner, dies at 47 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/pop-culture-news/mandisa-american-idol-singer-grammy-winner-dies-47-rcna148561 |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref>
==Holidays and observances==
* Christian [[Calendar of saints|feast day]]:
**[[Apollonius the Apologist]]
**[[Corebus]]
**[[Cyril VI of Constantinople]] ([[Eastern Orthodox Church]])
**[[Eleutherius and Antia]]
**[[Galdino della Sala]]
**[[Molaise of Leighlin]]
**[[Perfectus]]
**[[April 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)]]
*[[Army Day (Iran)|Army Day]] (Iran)
*[[Coma Patients' Day]] (Poland)
*[[Día del Amigo|Friend's Day]] (Brazil)
*[[Independence Day (Zimbabwe)|Independence Day]] (Zimbabwe)
*[[International Day For Monuments and Sites]]
*[[Invention Day]] (Japan)
*[[Days of Military Honour|Victory over the Teutonic Knights in the Battle of the Ice]] (Russia; [[Julian Calendar]])
*[[International Amateur Radio Union|World Amateur Radio Day]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iaru.org/on-the-air/world-amateur-radio-day/|title=World Amateur Radio Day|website=iaru.org}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{commons}}
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/18 BBC: On This Day]
* {{NYT On this day|month=4|day=18}}
* [https://www.onthisday.com/events/april/18 Historical Events on April 18]
{{months}}
[[Category:Days of April]]
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