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{{Short description|American writer, spy novelist and former CIA officer (born 1963)}}
{{Redirect|Valerie Flame|the ''Childrens Hospital'' character|Childrens Hospital#Cast and characters{{!}}''Childrens Hospital''#Cast and characters}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Valerie Plame
| image = Valerie plame wilson 2014.jpg
| caption = Plame in 2014
| birth_name = Valerie Elise Plame
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1963|8|13}}
| birth_place = [[Anchorage, Alaska]], U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| other_names = Valerie Plame Wilson
| occupation = {{Plain list|
* [[Spy fiction|Spy novelist]]
* [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA officer]] (1985–2006)
* [[Memoirist]]
}}
| education = {{Plain list|
* [[Pennsylvania State University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])
* [[London School of Economics]] ([[Master of Science|MSc]])
* [[College of Europe]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]])
}}
| spouse = {{Plain list|
* {{marriage|Todd Sesler|1987|1989|end=divorced}}
* {{marriage|[[Joseph C. Wilson]]|1998|2017|end=divorced}}
* {{marriage|[[Joseph Shepard]]|2020}}
}}
| children = 2
| website = {{URL|valerieplame.com}}
}}
'''Valerie Elise Plame''' (born August 13, 1963) is an American writer, spy, novelist, and former [[Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA) [[Directorate of Operations (CIA)|officer]]. As the subject of the 2003 [[Plame affair]], also known as the CIA leak scandal, Plame's identity as a CIA officer was [[news leak|leaked]] to and subsequently published by [[Robert Novak]] of ''[[The Washington Post]]''. She described this period and the media firestorm that ensued as "mortifying, and I think I was in shock for a couple years".<ref name="EyewitnessHistory">[[Eyewitness History]], [https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/former-cia-agent-valerie-plame-discusses-bush-administrations/id1617821942?i=1000618467363 "Former CIA Agent Valerie Plame Discusses Bush Administration's Identity Leak and Aftermath, Spying & Espionage"]</ref>
In the aftermath of the scandal, [[Richard Armitage (government official)|Richard Armitage]] in the [[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]] was identified as one source of the information, and [[Scooter Libby]], Chief of Staff to Vice President [[Dick Cheney]], was convicted of lying to investigators. After a failed appeal, President [[George W. Bush]] commuted Libby's sentence and in 2018, President [[Donald Trump]] pardoned him. The individual responsible for leaking the information was never charged.
In collaboration with a ghostwriter, Plame wrote a [[memoir]] detailing her career and the events leading up to her resignation from the CIA. She has subsequently written and published at least two spy novels. A 2010 biographical feature film, ''[[Fair Game (2010 film)|Fair Game]]'', was produced based on memoirs by her and her husband.
Plame was an unsuccessful candidate for [[New Mexico's 3rd congressional district]] in 2020, placing second behind [[Teresa Leger Fernandez]] in the [[2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico|June 2, 2020, primary]].
== Early life and education ==
Valerie Elise Plame was born on August 13, 1963, on [[Elmendorf Air Force Base]], in [[Anchorage, Alaska]], to Diane (née McClintock) and Samuel Plame III.<ref name=APbio>[[Associated Press]], [http://www.editorandpublisher.com/eandp/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001392451 "The Real Valerie Plame"] ({{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090116183811/http://www.editorandpublisher.com/eandp/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001392451 |date=January 16, 2009 }}), reposted in ''[[Editor and Publisher]]'', May 30, 2005, accessed August 12, 2007.</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Wilson|first=Valerie Plame|date=2007|title=Fair Game: My Life as a Spy, My Betrayal by the White House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJekd8LUmOUC&pg=PA314|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page=314|isbn=9781416583363}}</ref> Plame says that her paternal grandfather was Jewish, the son of a [[rabbi]] who emigrated from [[Ukraine]]; the original family surname was "Plamevotski". The rest of Plame's family was Protestant (the religion in which Plame was raised); she was unaware, until she was an adult, that her grandfather was Jewish.<ref>Wilson, pp. 173–174.</ref>
She graduated in 1981 from [[Lower Moreland Township School District|Lower Moreland High School]], in [[Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania]],<ref name=Spivak>{{cite news|first=Rachel|last=Spivak|url=http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archive/2003/10/10-09-03tdc/10-09-03dnews-08.asp|title=CIA Agent Linked to Collegian|newspaper=The Daily Collegian Online|date=October 9, 2003|access-date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525091307/http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archive/2003/10/10-09-03tdc/10-09-03dnews-08.asp |archive-date=May 25, 2011 }}</ref><ref name=Goffard>{{cite news|first=Christopher|last=Goffard|author-link=Christopher Goffard|url=http://www.tampabay.com/SearchForwardServlet.do?articleId=258941|title=Valerie Plame: Smart, Private, 'Waltons' Fan|newspaper=[[St. Petersburg Times]]|via=tampabay.com|date=August 8, 2005|access-date=June 8, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183033/http://www.tampabay.com/SearchForwardServlet.do?articleId=258941 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 }}</ref> and in 1985 from [[Pennsylvania State University]], with a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] in advertising.<ref name=VanityFair/> While attending Penn State, she joined [[Pi Beta Phi]] [[Fraternities and sororities|sorority]]<ref name=FG>"[[Fair Game: My Life as a Spy, My Betrayal by the White House]]".</ref> and worked for the business division of the ''[[Daily Collegian]]'' [[student newspaper]].<ref name=VanityFair>{{cite magazine | first = Vicky | last = Ward | url = https://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2004/01/plame200401?printable=true¤tPage=all | title = Double Exposure | magazine = [[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] | date = January 2004 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080406022724/http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2004/01/plame200401?printable=true¤tPage=all | archive-date = April 6, 2008 }} [http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-6240455_ITM Alt URL]</ref><ref name="forward.com">[https://forward.com/fast-forward/421782/valerie-plame-spy-anti-semitism-senate-new-mexico Former Spy Accused Of Anti-Semitism Eyeing Senate Run] March 29, 2019, By Aiden Pink, The Forward</ref>
==Career==
[[File:Valerie Plame BrownU.jpg|thumb|left|Presenting a lecture on her book ''[[Fair Game: My Life as a Spy, My Betrayal by the White House|Fair Game]]'', at [[Brown University]], in [[Providence, Rhode Island]], on December 4, 2007.]]
After graduating from college and moving to [[Washington, D.C.]], Plame worked at a clothing store while awaiting results of her application to the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]].<ref name=VanityFair/> She was accepted into the 1985–86 CIA officer training class.<ref name="LiptakAug">{{cite news|first=Adam|last=Liptak|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/03/washington/03plame.html |title=Judge Backs C.I.A. in Suit On Memoir|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=August 3, 2007|access-date=March 23, 2008}}</ref> Special Counsel [[Patrick Fitzgerald]] affirmed that Plame "was a CIA officer from January 1, 2002, forward" and that "her association with the CIA was classified at that time through July 2003."<ref name=Fitzgeraldpress>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/28/AR2005102801340.html "Transcript of Special Counsel Fitzgerald's Press Conference"], ''[[The Washington Post]]'', October 28, 2005, accessed July 15, 2006.</ref> Details about Plame's professional career are still classified, but it is documented that she worked for the CIA in a [[Non-official cover|non-official cover (or NOC)]] capacity relating to [[counter-proliferation]].<ref>{{cite web |first1=Muriel |last1=Kane |first2=Dave |last2=Edwards |url=http://rawstory.com/news/2007/CBS_confirms_2006_Raw_Story_scoop_1020.html|title=CBS confirms 2006 Raw Story scoop: Plame's job was to keep nukes from Iran|website=[[Raw Story]]|date=October 20, 2007|access-date=October 22, 2007|archive-date=September 14, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914224116/http://rawstory.com/news/2007/CBS_confirms_2006_Raw_Story_scoop_1020.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=LiptakAug/><ref name=Fitzgeraldaffidavit>[[Patrick Fitzgerald]], [https://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/libby-fitzgerald-affidavit-20060203.pdf "August 27, 2004 Affidavit of Patrick J. Fitzgerald] Placed in Public File Pursuant to Opinion Released February 3, 2006", online posting, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', February 3, 2006: 28 n. 15, accessed August 7, 2007.</ref><ref name=ExhibitA>{{cite web|url= http://thenexthurrah.typepad.com/the_next_hurrah/files/sentencing_memo_exhibits.pdf |title=Unclassified Summary of Valerie Wilson's CIA Employment and Cover History }} {{small|(2.63 [[Mebibyte|MiB]])}}, "Exhibit A" in sentencing memorandum exhibits, ''[[United States v. Libby]]'', online posting of public document, ''The Next Hurrah'' (blog), May 26, 2007: 2–3.</ref><ref name=Salon>{{cite web|url=https://www.salon.com/2007/05/30/plame_46/|title=Valerie Plame, Covert After All|work=[[Salon (magazine)|Salon]]|date=May 30, 2007|access-date=August 12, 2007}}</ref>
Plame served the CIA at times as a non-official cover, operating in [[Athens]] and [[Brussels]].<ref name=Bumiller>{{cite news|first=Elisabeth|last=Bumiller|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9806E7D8123CF936A35753C1A9659C8B63 |title=Debating a Leak: The Director: C.I.A. Chief Is Caught in Middle by Leak Inquiry|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=October 5, 2003}}</ref> While using her own name, "Valerie Plame", her assignments required posing in various professional roles in order to gather intelligence more effectively.<ref name=JohnsonBigLie>[[Larry C. Johnson]], [http://www.tpmcafe.com/story/2005/7/13/04720/9340 "The Big Lie about Valerie Plame"] ({{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080125151623/http://www.tpmcafe.com/story/2005/7/13/04720/9340 |date=January 25, 2008 }}), tpmcafe.com (Special Guest blog), June 13, 2005, accessed July 15, 2006. (Johnson is "a former CIA analyst who was in Plame's officer training class in 1985–86" and Deputy Director for Special Operations, Transportation Security, and Anti-Terrorism Assistance in the U.S. State Department's Office of Counter Terrorism until October 1993.)</ref><ref name=DuffyBurger>{{cite magazine|first1=Michael|last1=Duffy|first2=Timothy J. |last2=Burger|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,524486-1,00.html|title=NOC. Who's There? A Special Kind of Agent|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=October 19, 2003|access-date=September 25, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022174929/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,524486-1,00.html|archive-date=October 22, 2007}}</ref><ref name=LeibyandPriest>{{cite news|first1=Richard|last1=Leiby|first2=Dana|last2=Priest|author-link2=Dana Priest|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A58650-2003Oct7/ |title=The Spy Next Door: Valerie Wilson, Ideal Mom, Was Also the Ideal Cover|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=October 8, 2003|page=A01|access-date=October 31, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810134144/https://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A58650-2003Oct7/?language=printer|archive-date=August 10, 2018}}</ref> Two of her covers include serving as a junior consular officer in the early 1990s in Athens and then later as an energy analyst for the private company (founded in 1994) "[[Brewster Jennings & Associates]]," which the CIA later acknowledged was a [[front company]] for certain investigations.<ref name=Kuhn>{{cite web|first=Carolyn|last=Kuhn|url=http://dc.indymedia.org/newswire/display/137645/index.php|title=Libby Trial: Plame, Brewster, Ellmann, Edwards, Dennehy, Jennings: Not Secret? |publisher=dc.indymedia.org|date=January 31, 2007|access-date=May 5, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022162935/http://dc.indymedia.org/newswire/display/137645/index.php|archive-date=October 22, 2007}}</ref> A former senior diplomat in Athens remembered Plame in her dual role and also recalled that she served as one of the "control officers" coordinating the visit of President [[George H. W. Bush]] to [[Greece]] and [[Turkey]] in July 1991. The matter of whether she actually had covert status is disputed.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/09/29/novak.cia "Novak: 'No great crime' with leak"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116033614/http://edition.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/09/29/novak.cia/ |date=November 16, 2017 }}. Wednesday, October 1, 2003, CNN</ref><ref name=Crewdson>{{cite news|first=John|last=Crewdson|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-060311plame-story,1,2504459.story?|title=Plame's identity, if truly a secret, was thinly veiled|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=March 11, 2006|access-date=September 25, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115021048/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-060311plame-story,1,2504459.story |archive-date=November 15, 2007 }}</ref> After the [[Persian Gulf]] War in 1991, the CIA sent her first to the [[London School of Economics]] and then the [[College of Europe]], in [[Bruges]], for [[master's degree]]s. After earning the second degree, she stayed on in Brussels, where she began her next assignment under cover as an "energy consultant" for Brewster-Jennings.<ref name=VanityFair/> Beginning in 1997, Plame's primary assignment was shifted to the [[George Bush Center for Intelligence|CIA headquarters]] in [[Langley, Virginia]].<ref name=Jones>{{cite book|first=Ishmael|last=Jones|title=The Human Factor: Inside the CIA's Dysfunctional Intelligence Culture|publisher=[[Encounter Books]]|date=2008|page=255|asin=B003XU7IF4}}</ref>
During this time, part of her work concerned the determination of the use of [[Iraqi aluminum tubes|aluminum tubes]] purchased by Iraq.<ref name=Corn>David Corn, [http://www.thenation.com/doc/20060918/corn "What Valerie Plame Really Did at the CIA"], ''[[The Nation]]'' (web only), September 6, 2006. Citing information in the book ''Hubris: The Inside Story of Spin, Scandal, and the Selling of the Iraq War'', co-written by Corn and [[Michael Isikoff]].</ref> CIA analysts prior to the Iraq invasion were quoted by the [[White House]] as believing that Iraq was trying to acquire [[nuclear weapons]] and that these aluminum tubes could be used in a [[centrifuge]] for [[nuclear enrichment]].<ref name=CIAreport1>''[https://www.odci.gov/cia/reports/721_reports/july_dec2002.htm#4 Attachment A:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061003122934/https://www.odci.gov/cia/reports/721_reports/july_dec2002.htm#4 |date=October 3, 2006 }} Unclassified Report to Congress on the Acquisition of Technology Relating to Weapons of Mass Destruction and Advanced Conventional Munitions, July 1 Through 31 December 200[2]'', Office of the Directorate of Central Intelligence (ODCI), [[CIA]], Dec. 2002, accessed October 27, 2006.</ref><ref name=CIAreport2>''[https://www.odci.gov/cia/reports/721_reports/jan_jun2002.html Unclassified Report to Congress:] ({{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060930043217/https://www.odci.gov/cia/reports/721_reports/jan_jun2002.html |date=September 30, 2006 }}) on the Acquisition of Technology Relating to Weapons of Mass Destruction and Advanced Conventional Munitions, January 1 Through June 30, 2002'', Office of the Directorate of Central Intelligence (ODCI), [[CIA]], June 2002, accessed October 27, 2006.</ref> [[David Corn]] and [[Michael Isikoff]] argued that the [[undercover]] work being done by Plame and her CIA colleagues in the Directorate of Central Intelligence [[Nuclear proliferation|Nonproliferation]] Center strongly contradicted such a claim.<ref name=Corn/>
=== "Plamegate" ===
{{Main|Plame affair|Plame affair grand jury investigation|Plame affair criminal investigation}}
On July 14, 2003, [[Robert Novak]], a journalist for ''[[The Washington Post]]'', used information obtained from [[Richard Armitage (naval officer)|Richard Armitage]], [[Karl Rove]], and [[Scooter Libby]], to reveal Plame's identity as a CIA operative in his column.<ref name=Seidman>{{cite web|first=Joel|last=Seidman|work=[[NBC News]]|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna18924679|title=Plame Was 'covert' Agent at Time of Name Leak: Newly Released Unclassified Document Details CIA Employment|date=May 29, 2007|access-date=August 10, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=Christopher|last=Moran|title=Company Confessions: Secrets, Memoirs, and the CIA|publisher=Thomas Dunne Books|___location=New York City|date=2015|pages=266–7|isbn=978-1250047137|quote=The fallout was huge. Novak's column effectively ended Plame's CIA career. With her cover blown, she eventually resigned in December 2005}}</ref> Legal documents published in the course of the [[Plame affair grand jury investigation|CIA leak grand jury investigation]], ''[[United States v. Libby]]'', and [[United States Congress|Congressional]] investigations, established her classified employment as a [[Non-official cover|covert]] officer for the CIA at the time when Novak's column was published in July 2003.<ref name=Seidman/><ref name=Waxmanstmt>{{cite web |url= http://oversight.house.gov/Documents/20070316104030-43341.pdf |title= Statement of Rep. Henry A. Waxman, Chairman |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090325085424/http://oversight.house.gov/Documents/20070316104030-43341.pdf |archive-date= March 25, 2009 }} {{small|(156 [[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, "Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Hearing on Disclosure of CIA Agent Valerie Plame Wilson's ldentity and White House Procedures for Safeguarding Classified Information", online posting, [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]], ''oversight.house.gov'', March 16, 2007: 2, accessed March 19, 2007</ref><ref name=oversightdocs>[http://oversight.house.gov/investigations.asp?Issue=Disclosure+of+CIA+Agent+Identity "Investigations: Disclosure of CIA Agent Identity"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826111916/http://oversight.house.gov/investigations.asp?Issue=Disclosure+of+CIA+Agent+Identity |date=August 26, 2009 }} and [http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1205 "Disclosure of CIA Agent Identity:] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070419075417/http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1205 |date=April 19, 2007 }} Hearing Examines Exposure of Covert CIA Agent Valerie Plame Wilson's Identity", [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]] (Oversight Committee), March 16, 2007, accessed July 10, 2007. (Hyperlinks in menu, including streaming video of hearing; box with "Documents and Links", featuring documents chart {{cite web |url= http://oversight.house.gov/Documents/20070316173308-19288.pdf |title= Disclosures of Valerie Plame Wilson's Classified CIA Employment |access-date= February 8, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090826112007/http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070316173308-19288.pdf |archive-date= August 26, 2009 |url-status=dead }} {{small|(35.9 [[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}.)</ref>
In his press conference on October 28, 2005, Special Prosecutor [[Patrick Fitzgerald]] explained the necessity of secrecy about his [[grand jury]] investigation that began in the fall of 2003—"when it was clear that Valerie Wilson's cover had been blown"—and the background and consequences of the [[indictment]] of then high-ranking Bush Administration official [[Scooter Libby]] as it pertained to her.<ref name="Fitzgeraldpress" />
Fitzgerald's subsequent replies to reporters' questions shed further light on the parameters of the leak investigation and what, as its lead prosecutor, bound by the rules of grand jury secrecy, he could and could not reveal legally at the time.<ref name="Fitzgeraldpress" /> Official court documents released later, on April 5, 2006, reveal that Libby testified that "he was specifically authorized in advance" of his meeting with [[Judith Miller]], reporter for ''[[The New York Times]]'', to disclose the "key judgments" of the October 2002 [[Classified information|classified]] [[National Intelligence Estimate]] (NIE). According to Libby's testimony, "the Vice President later advised him that the President had authorized defendant to disclose the relevant portions of the NIE [to Judith Miller]."<ref name=TheSmokingGun>{{cite web|url= http://www.thesmokinggun.com/graphics/pdf/libbyplame.pdf |title=U.S. vs. I. Lewis Libby |date=November 19, 2010 }} {{small|(200 [[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, as posted online in ''[[The Smoking Gun]]'' (blog), April 5, 2006, accessed July 15, 2006.</ref> According to his testimony, the information that Libby was authorized to disclose to Miller "was intended to rebut the allegations of an administration critic, former ambassador [[Joseph C. Wilson|Joseph Wilson]]." A couple of days after Libby's meeting with Miller, then–[[National Security Advisor (United States)|National Security Advisor]] [[Condoleezza Rice]] told reporters, "We don't want to try to get into kind of selective declassification" of the NIE, adding, "We're looking at what can be made available."<ref name=IsikoffNewsweek>Michael Isikoff, [https://web.archive.org/web/20060410162820/http://msnbc.msn.com/id/12228726/site/newsweek/ "The Leaker in Chief?"] ''[[Newsweek]]'', April 4, 2006, accessed July 15, 2006.</ref> A "sanitized version" of the NIE in question was officially declassified on July 18, 2003, ten days after Libby's contact with Miller, and was presented at a [[White House]] background briefing on [[Weapon of mass destruction|weapons of mass destruction]] (WMD) in Iraq.<ref name=NIEedit>[https://fas.org/irp/cia/product/iraq-wmd.html "Iraq's Continuing Programs for Weapons of Mass Destruction"], ''fas.org'' (blog), accessed July 15, 2006.</ref> The NIE contains no references to Valerie Plame or her CIA status, but the Special Counsel has suggested that White House actions were part of "a plan to discredit, punish or seek revenge against Mr. Wilson."<ref name=Sanger>David E. Sanger, [http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2006/04/11/MNG3NI70TI1.DTL "Special Prosecutor Links White House to CIA Leak"], ''San Francisco Gate'' (blog), April 11, 2006, accessed July 15, 2006.</ref> President Bush had previously indicated that he would fire whoever had outed Plame.<ref name=IsikoffNewsweek/>
A court filing by Libby's defense team argued that Plame was not foremost in the minds of administration officials as they sought to rebut charges—made by her husband—that the White House manipulated intelligence to make a case for invasion. The filing indicated that Libby's lawyers did not intend to say that he was told to reveal Plame's identity.<ref>[http://www.nypost.com/news/nationalnews/62399.htm "'Scooter' Won't Play Plame Blame Game"]{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''[[New York Post]]'', April 14, 2006, accessed July 15, 2006.</ref> The court filing also stated that "Mr. Libby plans to demonstrate that the indictment is wrong when it suggests that he and other government officials viewed Ms. Wilson's role in sending her husband to [[Africa]] as important," indicating that Libby's lawyers planned to call [[Karl Rove]] to the stand. Fitzgerald ultimately decided against pressing charges against Rove.<ref name=Gonyea>Don Gonyea, [https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5481191 Rove Won't Be Charged in CIA Leak Case], NPR, ''Morning Edition'' (June 13, 2006).</ref>
The five-count indictment of Libby included [[perjury]] (two counts), [[obstruction of justice]] (one count), and [[making false statements]] to [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|federal investigators]] (two counts). There was, however, no count for disclosing classified information, i.e., Plame's status as a CIA operative.
===Libby trial===
{{Main|United States v. Libby}}
{{See also|Joseph C. Wilson#Reactions to the Libby trial and commutation}}
On March 6, 2007, Libby was convicted of obstruction of justice, making false statements, and two counts of perjury. He was acquitted on one count of making false statements. He was not charged for revealing Plame's CIA status. His sentence included a $250,000 fine, 30 months in prison and two years of probation. On July 2, 2007, President [[George W. Bush]] [[Pardon|commuted]] Libby's sentence, removing the jail term but leaving in place the fine and [[probation]], calling the sentence "excessive."<ref>[https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/07/20070702-4.html Grant of Executive Clemency]</ref><ref>[https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/07/20070702-3.html Statement by the President on Executive Clemency for Lewis Libby]</ref> In a subsequent press conference, on July 12, 2007, Bush noted, "...the Scooter Libby decision was, I thought, a fair and balanced decision."<ref>[https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/07/20070712-5.html Press Conference by the President], July 12, 2007, accessed August 11, 2007.</ref> The Wilsons responded to the commutation in statements posted by their legal counsel, [[Melanie Sloan]], executive director of [[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]] (CREW), and on their own legal support website. President [[Donald Trump]] pardoned Libby on April 13, 2018.<ref name=p1>{{cite news|first=Kevin|last=Liptak|title=Trump pardons ex-Cheney aide Scooter Libby|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/13/politics/donald-trump-pardons-scooter-libby/index.html|website=[[CNN]]|date=April 13, 2018|access-date=April 13, 2018}}</ref>
=== ''Wilson v. Cheney'' ===
{{Main|Wilson v. Libby}}
On July 13, 2006, Joseph and Valerie Wilson filed a civil lawsuit against Rove, Libby, Vice President [[Dick Cheney]], and other unnamed senior White House officials (to whom they later added [[Richard Armitage (politician)|Richard Armitage]])<ref name=CBSNews>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061022041524/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/09/13/politics/main2006236.shtml "Armitage Added to Plame Law Suit"], ''[[CBS News]]'', September 13, 2006, accessed September 25, 2006; includes PDF. Cf. [http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/plame/wilsonlibby91306acmp.html Amended complaint] at ''FindLaw.com''.</ref> for their alleged role in the public disclosure of Valerie Wilson's classified CIA status.<ref>[[Proskauer Rose]] LLP, [http://biz.yahoo.com/bw/060713/20060713005646.html?.v=1 "Valerie Plame Wilson and Ambassador Joseph Wilson Initiate a Civil Action] Against Vice President Cheney, Karl Rove, and Scooter Libby for Violations of their Constitutional and Other Legal Rights", ''[[Yahoo!]] Business Wire'' (Press Release), July 13, 2006, accessed July 15, 2006; cf. {{cite web|url= http://howappealing.law.com/PlameAddressOrder.pdf |title=Lame Plame Game Flames Out }} {{small|(41.8 [[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, rpt. in ''How Appealing'' (blog), July 13, 2006, accessed July 15. 2006.</ref> Judge [[John D. Bates]] dismissed the Wilsons' lawsuit on jurisdictional grounds on July 19, 2007;<ref name=APDimissed>[[Associated Press]], [https://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2007-07-19-plame-lawsuit_N.htm "Valerie Plame's Lawsuit Dismissed"], ''[[USA Today]]'', July 19, 2007, accessed July 19, 2007.</ref><ref>[http://us.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/07/19/cia.leak/index.html "Judge Tosses Out Ex-Spy's Lawsuit Against Cheney in CIA Leak Case"], ''[[CNN|CNN.com]]'', July 19, 2007, accessed July 19, 2007.</ref><ref name=Leonnigdism>[[Carol D. Leonnig]], [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/19/AR2007071901395.html?hpid=topnews "Plame's Lawsuit Against Top Officials Dismissed"], ''[[The Washington Post]]'', July 20, 2007, accessed July 20, 2007.</ref><ref name=Bates>[https://ecf.dcd.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/show_public_doc?2006cv1258-52 "Memorandum Opinion"], in "Valerie Wilson, et al., Plaintiffs, v. I. Lewis Libby, Jr., et al., Defendants", "Civil Action No. 06-1258 (JDB)", ''[[United States District Court for the District of Columbia]]'', July 19, 2007, accessed July 20, 2007.</ref> the Wilsons appealed. On August 12, 2008, in a 2-1 decision, the three-judge panel of the [[United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit]] upheld the dismissal.<ref name=DeckerOReilly>Susan Decker and Cary O'Reilly, [https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=a.vwH.xyBcpY&refer=home# "Cheney, Rove, Libby Win Plame Suit Dismissal Appeal (Update2)"], ''[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg.com]]'', August 12, 2008, accessed August 13, 2008.</ref><ref name=DCCircuit>[https://caselaw.findlaw.com/data2/circs/dc/075257p.pdf "DC Circuit Court Opinion"]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} at ''[[FindLaw]]'', August 12, 2008, accessed August 13, 2008.</ref> [[Melanie Sloan]], of [[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]], which represents the Wilsons, said "the group will request the full D.C. Circuit to review the case and appeal to the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S. Supreme Court]]."<ref name=DeckerOReilly/><ref name=WilsonsCircuitresp>[http://www.wilsonsupport.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=28&Itemid=38 "Wilson's (sic) Response to D.C. Circuit Court Upholding Bates Decision]", ''The Joseph and Valerie Wilson Legal Support Trust'', August 12, 2008, accessed August 14, 2008.</ref> Agreeing with the Bush administration, the Obama Justice Department argued the Wilsons have no legitimate grounds to sue. On the current justice department position, Sloan stated: "We are deeply disappointed that the Obama administration has failed to recognize the grievous harm that Bush White House officials inflicted on Joe and Valerie Wilson. The government's position cannot be reconciled with President Obama's oft-stated commitment to once again make government officials accountable for their actions."<ref name=WilsonAppeal>[http://www.citizensforethics.org/node/39740 "Obama Administration Opposes Joe and Valerie Wilson's Request for Supreme Court Appeal in Suit Against Cheney, Rove, Libby and Armitage"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222030539/http://www.citizensforethics.org/node/39740 |date=February 22, 2011 }},''[[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]]'' (CREW), May 20, 2009, accessed May 22, 2009.</ref>
On June 21, 2009, the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S. Supreme Court]] refused to hear the appeal.<ref name=AppealDenied>[http://washingtonexaminer.com/politics/2009/06/supreme-court-will-not-revive-valerie-plame-lawsuit/97233 "Supreme Court will not revive Valerie Plame lawsuit"] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130105085910/http://washingtonexaminer.com/politics/2009/06/supreme-court-will-not-revive-valerie-plame-lawsuit/97233 |date=January 5, 2013 }}, ''[[The Washington Examiner]]'', June 21, 2009. Retrieved May 26, 2012.</ref>
===House Oversight Committee hearing===
On March 8, 2007, two days after the verdict in the [[United States v. Libby|Libby trial]], Congressman [[Henry Waxman]], chair of the [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]], announced that his committee would ask Plame to testify on March 16, in an effort by his committee to look into "whether White House officials followed appropriate procedures for safeguarding Plame's identity."<ref>{{cite web |title=Plame to Testify to Congress on Leak |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-congress-leak/plame-to-testify-to-congress-on-leak-idUSN0833270020070309 |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=[[Reuters]] |date=March 8, 2007}}</ref><ref name=Oversight>[http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1205 "Disclosure of CIA Identity"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070419075417/http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1205 |date=April 19, 2007 }}, online posting, [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]], ''oversight.house.gov'', March 16, 2007, accessed March 19, 2007.</ref>
On March 16, 2007, at these hearings about the disclosure, Waxman read a statement about Plame's CIA career that had been cleared by [[Director of Central Intelligence|CIA director]] Gen. [[Michael Hayden (general)|Michael V. Hayden]] and the CIA, stating that she was undercover and that her employment status with the CIA was classified information prohibited from disclosure under [[Executive Order 12958]].
Subsequent reports in various news accounts focused on the following parts of her testimony:
* "My name and identity were carelessly and recklessly abused by senior government officials in the White House and state department"; this abuse occurred for "purely political reasons."<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/usa/story/0,,2035981,00.html "Outed CIA Agent Criticises White House Officials"], ''[[The Guardian]]'' March 16, 2007, accessed March 19, 2007.</ref>
* After her identity was exposed by officials in the Bush administration, she had to leave the CIA: "I could no longer perform the work for which I had been highly trained."<ref name=Greene>Richard Allen Greene, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6460053.stm "Ex-spy Makes Tough Bush Critic"], [[BBC News]], March 16, 2007, accessed March 19, 2007.</ref>
* She did not select her husband for a CIA fact-finding trip to [[Niger]], but an officer senior to her selected him and told her to ask her husband if he would consider it: "I did not recommend him. I did not suggest him. There was no [[nepotism]] involved. I did not have the authority [...]."<ref name=Greene/>
===''Fair Game''===
{{Main|Fair Game: My Life as a Spy, My Betrayal by the White House}}
Plame's husband Joseph Wilson announced on March 6, 2007, that the couple had "signed a deal with [[Warner Bros.|Warner Bros]] of [[Hollywood, California|Hollywood]] to offer their consulting services—or maybe more—in the making of the forthcoming movie about the Libby trial," their lives and the CIA leak scandal.<ref name=Frei>Matt Frei, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/6425311.stm "Washington diary: Libby, the Movie"], ''[[BBC News]]'' (Washington), March 7, 2007, accessed March 18, 2007; cf. transcript of Larry King interview with Joseph C. Wilson, [[Nicole Kidman]] will play Valerie Plame. [http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0703/06/lkl.01.html "Ex-Cheney Aide Found Guilty"], ''[[Larry King Live]]'', [[CNN]], broadcast March 6, 2007, accessed March 18, 2007.</ref> The feature film, a co-production between Weed Road's [[Akiva Goldsman]] and [[Jerry Zucker (film director)|Jerry and Janet Zucker]] of [[Zucker Productions]] with a screenplay by [[Jez Butterworth|Jez]] and [[John-Henry Butterworth]] to be based in part on Valerie Wilson's [[memoir]] ''Fair Game'' (contingent on CIA clearances) originally scheduled for release in August 2007, but ultimately published on October 22, 2007.<ref name=Variety>{{cite magazine|first=Michael|last=Fleming|url=https://variety.com/2007/film/markets-festivals/plame-film-in-works-at-warner-bros-2-1117960398/|title=Plame Film in Works at Warner Bros.: Studio Sets Movie about CIA Leak Scandal|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=March 1, 2007|access-date=March 18, 2007}}</ref>
In May 2006, ''The New York Times'' reported that Valerie Wilson agreed to a $2.5 million book deal with [[Crown Publishing Group]], a division of [[Random House]]. Steve Ross, senior vice president and publisher of Crown, told the Times that the book would be her "first airing of her actual role in the American intelligence community, as well as the prominence of her role in the lead-up to the war."<ref name=Rich1>{{cite news|first=Motoko|last=Rich|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/05/books/05cnd-plame.html|title=Valerie Plame Gets Book Deal|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=May 5, 2006|access-date=July 15, 2006}}</ref> Subsequently, the ''New York Times'' reported that the book deal fell through and that Plame was in exclusive negotiations with [[Simon & Schuster]].<ref name=Rich1/> Ultimately, Simon and Schuster publicly confirmed the book deal, though not the financial terms and, at first, no set publication date.<ref name=Corn/><ref name=Italie>Hillel Italie ([[Associated Press]]), [http://www.mercurynews.com/mld/mercurynews/entertainment/gossip/15032040.htm "Ex-CIA Officer Finds New Memoir Publisher"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060720053733/http://www.mercurynews.com/mld/mercurynews/entertainment/gossip/15032040.htm |date=July 20, 2006 }}, ''[[The Mercury News]]'' July 13, 2006, accessed July 15, 2006. (Free registration required.)</ref>
[[File:Nina Burleigh and Valerie Plame, Scottsdale, AZ, 2016.jpg|thumb|upright|Valerie Plame and journalist [[Nina Burleigh]], October 2016]]
On May 31, 2007, various news media reported that Simon and Schuster and Valerie Wilson were suing [[John Michael McConnell|J. Michael McConnell]], [[United States Director of National Intelligence|Director of National Intelligence]], and [[Michael Hayden (general)|Michael V. Hayden]], [[Director of the Central Intelligence Agency|Director of the CIA]], arguing that the CIA "is unconstitutionally interfering with the publication of her memoir, ''[[Fair Game: My Life as a Spy, My Betrayal by the White House|Fair Game]]'', ... set to be published in October [2007], by not allowing Plame to mention the dates that she served in the CIA."<ref name=WNBC>[http://www.wnbc.com/news/13420498/detail.html "Valerie Plame Wilson Suing CIA"], ''[[WNBC]]'' (Channel 4, [[New York City]]), May 31, 2007, accessed June 10, 2007.</ref><ref name="Maul">Kimberly Maul, [http://www.thebookstandard.com/bookstandard/news/author/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003592363 "Simon and Schuster and Valerie Plame Wilson Sue CIA"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222084428/http://www.thebookstandard.com/bookstandard/news/author/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003592363|date=December 22, 2007}}, ''[[The Book Standard]]'', May 31, 2007, accessed June 10, 2007.</ref> Judge Barbara S. Jones, of the [[United States District Court|United States District Court for the Southern District of New York]], in [[Manhattan]], interpreted the issue in favor of the CIA. Therefore, the ruling stated that Plame would not be able to describe in her memoir the precise dates she had worked for the CIA. In 2009, the federal court of appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed Judge Jones's ruling.
On October 31, 2007, in an interview with [[Charlie Rose]] broadcast on ''[[The Charlie Rose Show]]'', Valerie Wilson discussed many aspects relating to her memoir: the [[CIA leak grand jury investigation]]; ''United States v. Libby,'' the civil suit which she and her husband were at the time still pursuing against Libby, Cheney, Rove, and Armitage; and other matters presented in her memoir relating to her covert work with the CIA.<ref name=RoseWilson>[[Charlie Rose]], [http://www.charlierose.com/shows/2007/10/31/2/a-conversation-with-valerie-plame-wilson "A Conversation with Valerie Plame Wilson"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706183221/http://www.charlierose.com/shows/2007/10/31/2/a-conversation-with-valerie-plame-wilson |date=July 6, 2008 }}, ''[[The Charlie Rose Show]],'' [[PBS]], [[WNET]] (New York), recorded October 29, 2007, broadcast October 31, 2007, 12:30 a.m. ET–1:00 a.m. ET, accessed November 6, 2007 (video clip).</ref>
[[File:Valerie plame at moravian college.JPG|thumb|left|Valerie Plame at [[Moravian University|Moravian College]] October 2008]]
The film, [[Fair Game (2010 film)|''Fair Game'']], was released November 5, 2010, starring [[Naomi Watts]] and [[Sean Penn]]. It is based on two books, one written by Plame, and the other by her husband.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Kirk|last=Honeycutt|title=''Fair Game'' n- film review|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/node/29648 |magazine=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=October 10, 2010|access-date=April 20, 2020 |archive-date=November 13, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101113042537/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/node/29648 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ''Washington Post'' editorial page, led by editor Fred Hiatt, a vocal supporter of the Iraq War,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.esquire.com/news-politics/politics/news/a34497/fred-hiatt-would-like-to-remind-you-that-war-is-the-answer |title=The Many Wars Of Fred Hiatt: The Unique History Of One Man's Mongering |first=Charles P.|last=Pierce |date=April 20, 2015 |magazine=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]] |access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> who blamed Wilson for Plame's identity being leaked,<ref>{{cite news |title=End of an Affair |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418031622/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/31/AR2006083101460.html |archive-date=April 18, 2023 |url-status=live |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/31/AR2006083101460.html}}</ref> described the movie as being "full of distortions—not to mention outright inventions",<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/03/AR2010120306298.html Hollywood myth-making on Valerie Plame controversy], at ''[[The Washington Post]]'', published December 3, 2010; retrieved February 5, 2017</ref> while news reporters Walter Pincus and Richard Leiby at ''The Washington Post'' disagreed, saying "The movie holds up as a thoroughly researched and essentially accurate account—albeit with caveats".<ref name="gets some things">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/04/AR2010110407989.html |title='Fair Game' gets some things about the Valerie Plame case right, some wrong|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |first1=Walter |last1=Pincus |first2=Richard |last2=Leiby |date=November 7, 2010}}</ref>
In May 2011, it was announced that Plame would write a series of spy novels with mystery writer Sarah Lovett. The first book in the series, titled ''Blowback'', was released on October 1, 2013, by Blue Rider Press, an imprint of the [[Penguin Group]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.author-link.com/news/item/2654/Penguin-New-Imprint-Named-Blue-Rider-Press |title=author-link.com |access-date=April 12, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521034446/http://www.author-link.com/news/item/2654/Penguin-New-Imprint-Named-Blue-Rider-Press |archive-date=May 21, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
===Anti Trump fundraiser ===
In August 2017, Plame set up a [[GoFundMe]] fundraising page in an attempt to buy a majority interest in [[Twitter]] and kick U.S. President [[Donald Trump]] off the network.<ref name="sfgate-23aug2017">{{cite news|title=Former CIA agent wants to buy Twitter to kick Trump off|url=http://www.sfgate.com/business/technology/article/Valerie-Plame-Wilson-wants-to-buy-Twitter-to-kick-11952291.php|access-date=August 23, 2017|agency=Associated Press|newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle|date=August 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823181721/http://www.sfgate.com/business/technology/article/Valerie-Plame-Wilson-wants-to-buy-Twitter-to-kick-11952291.php|archive-date=August 23, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="theguardian.com">[https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/aug/24/buy-twitter-ban-trump-valerie-plame-wilson-cia-agent Buy Twitter, ban Trump: former CIA agent tries to crowdfund $1bn purchase] Associated Press in Washington Thursday 24 August 2017 15.50 BST</ref><ref name="usatoday.com">[https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/08/22/valerie-plame-wilson-wants-buy-twitter-and-ban-president-trump/590982001 Valerie Plame Wilson, former CIA operative, wants to buy Twitter and ban President Trump] Jessica Estepa, ''USA Today'', August 22, 2017</ref> She launched her campaign because she believes that Donald Trump 'emboldens white supremacists' and encourages 'violence against journalists'.<ref name="ijr.com">[http://ijr.com/the-declaration/2017/09/980185-valerie-plame-raised-88k-ban-trump-emboldens-white-supremacists-violence-journalists Valerie Plame Raised $88K to 'Ban Trump' Because He 'Emboldens White Supremacists' and 'Violence Against Journalists'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923002651/http://ijr.com/the-declaration/2017/09/980185-valerie-plame-raised-88k-ban-trump-emboldens-white-supremacists-violence-journalists |date=September 23, 2017 }} by Pardes Seleh, ''Independent Law Journal'', September 9, 2017</ref>
Titled "Let's #BuyTwitter and #BanTrump", she set the campaign's goal to $1 billion; her campaign raised $88,000.<ref name="ijr.com"/>
=== Antisemitism controversy ===
In September 2017, Plame tweeted a link to an article from ''[[The Unz Review]]'' website posted by [[Philip Giraldi]], titled "America's Jews Are Driving America's Wars", repeating the title of the article in her tweet.<ref>{{cite news|last=Brown|first=Hayes|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/hayesbrown/plame-the-jews|title=It's Been A Not-Great Day For Valerie Plame On Twitter Dot Com|work=BuzzFeed News|date=September 21, 2017|access-date=May 20, 2019}}</ref><ref name="Kirchick">{{cite news|last=Kirchick |first=James|url=https://www.tabletmag.com/scroll/245720/valerie-plames-real-blunder|title=Valerie Plame's Real Blunder|work=Tablet|date=September 25, 2017|access-date=May 20, 2019}}</ref> The article said that certain "American Jews who lack any shred of integrity" should be given a special label when appearing on television: "kind-of-like a warning label on a bottle of rat poison."<ref name="Kirchick" /> Amid criticism, Plame first defended her posts, replying on Twitter that "Many neocon hawks ARE Jewish."<ref name="Kirchick" /><ref name="thehill.com">[https://thehill.com/policy/international/middle-east-north-africa/351745-valerie-plame-tweets-story-blaming-americas/ Valerie Plame tweets story blaming 'America's Jews' for foreign wars] ''The Hill'', by Mallory Shelbourbe, 09/21/17</ref> She also said that people should "read the entire article" without "biases", writing in defense of herself after the initial backlash:<ref name="Ponnuru">{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/451633/valerie-plame-wilson-anti-semite |title=Valerie Plame Wilson, Anti-Semite |first=Ramesh |last=Ponnuru |website=[[National Review]] |date=September 22, 2017}}</ref> "read the entire article, just for a moment, to put aside your biases and think clearly."<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Valerie-Plame-tweeted-antisemitic-conspiracy-now-claims-Jewish-ancestry-601210 "Valerie Plame Tweeted Antisemitic Conspiract, Now Claims 'Jewish' Ancestry."] by Seth J. Frantzman, September 10, 2019, ''Jerusalem Post''</ref>
Within two hours, she deleted her initial post and apologized, tweeting "OK folks, look, I messed up. I skimmed this piece, zeroed in on the neocon criticism, and shared it without seeing and considering the rest. I missed gross undercurrents to this article & didn't do my homework on the platform this piece came from. Now that I see it, it's obvious. Apologies all. There is so much there that's problematic AF and I should have recognized it sooner. Thank you for pushing me to look again. I'm not perfect and make mistakes. This was a doozy. All I can do is admit them, try to be better, and read more thoroughly next time, Ugh."<ref>{{cite web |title=Former CIA officer Valerie Plame Wilson offers epic apology after tweeting anti-Semitic story: 'One should not tweet while moving' |website=[[Business Insider]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206205606/https://www.businessinsider.com/valerie-plame-wilson-apology-tweeting-anti-semitic-story-2017-9 |archive-date=December 6, 2022 |url-status=live |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/valerie-plame-wilson-apology-tweeting-anti-semitic-story-2017-9}}</ref> [[Ramesh Ponnuru]] and Caleb Ecarma have argued that the incident followed a pattern of her posting antisemitic content, and of Plame making jokes about "rich Jews".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mediaite.com/online/ex-cia-officer-valerie-plame-apologizes-for-promoting-article-blaming-americas-jews-for-war |title=Ex-CIA Officer Valerie Plame Apologizes for Promoting Article Blaming 'America's Jews' For War |first=Caleb|last=Ecarma |date=September 21, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Ponnuru" /> She had tweeted at least eight articles from the same website before,<ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/09/22/why-people-care-about-valerie-plame-and-her-anti-semitic-tweet/ |title=Why people care about Valerie Plame and her anti-Semitic tweet |first=Callum |last=Borchers |date=September 22, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> in which she previously retweeted links to [[9/11 conspiracy theories|conspiracy theories]] of 'dancing Israelis' being behind the [[9/11 attacks]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-partisan/wp/2017/09/22/the-other-problem-with-valerie-plames-horrible-anti-semitic-tweet/ |title=The other problem with Valerie Plame's horrible anti-Semitic tweet |first=Molly |last=Roberts |date=September 22, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref>
===Congressional run===
{{main|2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico#District 3}}
In May 2019, Plame announced her candidacy for the [[United States House of Representatives]] for {{ushr|NM|3}} in the [[2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico|2020 elections]].<ref name=Saul>Stephanie Saul, [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/09/us/politics/valerie-plame-2020.html Valerie Plame, Outed C.I.A. Agent, Will Run for Congress in New Mexico], ''New York Times'' (May 9, 2019).</ref> The seat, in northern New Mexico, was being vacated by Democratic Representative [[Ben Ray Luján]], who ran for Senate instead.<ref name=Saul/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Jada Yuan |title=Valerie Plame, America's most famous ex-spy, finds her new identity |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/valerie-plame-americas-most-famous-ex-spy-finds-her-new-identity/2019/12/01/2d29086a-0177-11ea-8bab-0fc209e065a8_story.html |access-date=June 3, 2020|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> She outspent her rivals with funding from outside her district.<ref name=Medina>Jennifer Medina, [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/03/us/politics/valerie-plame-teresa-leger-fernandez-new-mexico.html "Teresa Leger Fernandez Beats Valerie Plame in New Mexico House Primary"], ''New York Times'' (June 3, 2020).</ref> On June 2, 2020, she was defeated in the seven-way Democratic primary election by [[Teresa Leger Fernandez]].<ref name=Medina/> Fernandez received 44,480 votes, Plame 25,775 votes, and [[Joseph L. Sanchez]] 12,292 votes.<ref>[https://www.sos.state.nm.us/voting-and-elections/election-results/election-results-2020/ Election Results 2020], New Mexico Secretary of State.</ref>
==
After graduating from Penn State in 1985, Plame married Todd Sesler; the marriage ended in divorce in 1989.<ref name="VanityFair" /> In 1997, while working for the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA), Plame met former Ambassador [[Joseph C. Wilson]].<ref name="WilsonPolitics">Joseph C. Wilson, ''[[The Politics of Truth]]: Inside the Lies that Led to War and Betrayed my Wife's CIA Identity: A Diplomat's Memoir'' (2004; New York: Carroll & Graf, 2005), p. 240–242. (Additional page references appear within parentheses in the text.)</ref><ref name="Goffard" /><ref>Wilson, ''Politics of Truth'', p. 242</ref> They were married on April 3, 1998.<ref>Wilson, ''Politics of Truth'', p. 273</ref> At the time they met, Wilson related in his memoir, he was [[Legal separation|separated]] from his second wife Jacqueline. They [[divorce]]d after 12 years of marriage so that he could marry Plame.<ref name="WilsonPolitics" /> They had two children, twins Trevor Rolph and Samantha Finnell Diana, born in 2000. Wilson and Plame divorced in 2017.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Goodman|first1=Alana|date=March 29, 2019|title=Outed CIA spy Valerie Plame and diplomat husband Joe Wilson are divorced|url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/politics/outed-cia-spy-valerie-plame-and-diplomat-husband-joe-wilson-are-divorced|magazine=Washington Examiner|access-date=June 19, 2019}}</ref> Wilson died in 2019. Plame married Dr. [[Joseph Shepard]], President of [[Western New Mexico University]], in 2020.
Prior to the disclosure of her CIA job, the family lived in [[the Palisades, Washington, D.C.]]<ref name="VanityFair" /> After she resigned from the CIA following the disclosure of her CIA position, in January 2006, the family moved to [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]],<ref name="WilsonIndependent">Andrew Buncombe and [[Joseph C. Wilson|Joe Wilson]], [http://news.independent.co.uk/world/americas/article2368902.ece "The Valerie Plame Case: My Wife, the CIA Agent, by Joe Wilson"] ({{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080830045111/http://news.independent.co.uk/world/americas/article2368902.ece|date=August 30, 2008}}), ''[[The Independent]]'', March 18, 2007, accessed August 7, 2007. (Interview.)</ref><ref name="LiptakAug" /> where Plame served as a consultant to the [[Santa Fe Institute]] until 2016. In a 2011 interview, Plame said she and Wilson had received threats while living in the D.C. metro area, and that the New Mexico ___location was calm.<ref>{{cite web|date=March 10, 2011|title=Valerie Plame: American values were undermined by Dick Cheney|url=http://www.metro.co.uk/news/857747-valerie-plame-american-values-were-undermined-by-dick-cheney|access-date=March 11, 2011|work=Metro |archive-date=March 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320030756/http://www.metro.co.uk/news/857747-valerie-plame-american-values-were-undermined-by-dick-cheney|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Plame was involved in the [[Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign|2016 presidential campaign]] of Democratic candidate [[Hillary Clinton]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Richman |first=J. |url=http://www.mercurynews.com/politics-government/ci_28738781/hillary-clinton-plans-five-bay-area-fundraisers |newspaper=The Mercury News |date=September 1, 2015 |title=Hillary Clinton plans four Bay Area fundraisers}}</ref>
In December 2024 it was reported that Plame's husband was resigning his post as WNMU president in exchange for a severance package of nearly $2 million, after he and regents of the university were implicated in charges of wasteful spending. "Plame was not a WNMU employee, she was issued a university credit card, which she used to buy" thousands of dollars of furniture and home and office accessories.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://reason.com/2024/12/31/a-university-president-accused-of-squandering-public-money-resigns-in-exchange-for-a-2-million-payout/ | title=A university president accused of squandering public money resigns in exchange for a $2 million payout | date=December 31, 2024 }}</ref>
== In popular media ==
Plame is the subject of an eponymous song by [[The Decemberists]] on their 2008 series of singles [[Always the Bridesmaid]].
== Citations ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== General and cited references ==
{{refbegin|colwidth=60em}}
* [http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/plame/wilsonlibby91306acmp.html Amended Complaint]. FindLaw.com, September 13, 2006.
* [http://www.townhall.com/News/NewsArticle.aspx?ContentGuid=4cd646c8-6131-4910-8068-92ad42629fdc "Armitage's Leak Poses More Questions"]. ''[[Townhall.com]]'', September 8, 2006. Accessed June 17, 2007. {{Cite web |url=http://townhall.com/news/newsarticle.aspx?ContentGuid=4cd646c8-6131-4910-8068-92ad42629fdc |title=Audio |access-date=February 7, 2021 |archive-date=April 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110415040233/http://townhall.com/news/newsarticle.aspx?ContentGuid=4cd646c8-6131-4910-8068-92ad42629fdc |url-status=bot: unknown }}
* [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/31/AR2006083101460_pf.html "End of an Affair: It Turns Out That the Person Who Exposed CIA Agent Valerie Plame Was Not Out to Punish Her Husband"]. ''[[The Washington Post]]'', September 1, 2006.
* [[David Corn|Corn, David]]. [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-corn/explosive-new-rove-revela_b_3933.html "Explosive New Rove Revelation Coming Soon? Update: It's Here"]. ''[[The Huffington Post]]'' (blog), July 9, 2005. Accessed September 24, 2006.
* Corn, David. [http://www.davidcorn.com/archives/2006/09/toensing_and_ws.php "Toensing and WSJ: Corn Outed Plame (Here We Go Again)"]. ''DavidCorn.com'' (journalist's blog), September 15, 2006. Accessed November 20, 2006. (Reply to Toensing.)
* Corn, David. [http://www.thenation.com/blogs/capitalgames?bid=3&pid=823 "A White House Smear"]. ''[[The Nation]]'' (''Capital Games'' blog), July 16, 2006. Accessed September 24, 2006.
* [[John M. Crewdson|Crewdson, John]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060508163051/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-060311ciamain-story,1,123362.story?ctrack=1&cset=true "Internet Blows CIA Cover"]. ''[[The Chicago Tribune]]'', March 13, 2006. Accessed November 16, 2006.
* Ensor, David, et al. [http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/09/29/novak.cia/ "Novak: 'No great crime' with Leak"]. ''[[Inside Politics]]'' on [[CNN]]. ''[[CNN]].com'', October 1, 2003. Accessed September 24, 2006.
* Finn, Ed. [http://www.slate.com/id/2089062/ "How Deep Is CIA Cover?"] ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]'', September 30, 2003. Accessed November 16, 2006.
* [[Michael Isikoff|Isikoff, Michael]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080723220118/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/8682500/site/newsweek/ "Leak Investigation: The Russert Deal – What It Reveals"]. ''[[Newsweek]]'', August 1, 2006. Accessed November 13, 2006.
* Isikoff, Michael. [https://web.archive.org/web/20050712014011/http://msnbc.msn.com/id/8525978/site/newsweek "Matt Cooper's Source:] What Karl Rove Told Time Magazine's Reporter". ''[[Newsweek]]'' June 18, 2005. Accessed November 13, 2006.
* Isikoff, Michael, and [[David Corn]]. ''Hubris: The Inside Story of Spin, Scandal, and the Selling of the Iraq War''. New York: Crown, 2006. {{ISBN|0-307-34681-1}}.
* [[David Johnston (governor general)|Johnston, David]], and Richard W. Stevenson, with David E. Sanger. [https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/15/politics/15rove.htm "Rove Reportedly Held Phone Talk on C.I.A. Officer"]{{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. ''[[The New York Times]]'', July 15, 2005. Accessed November 16, 2006.
* [[Carol D. Leonnig|Leonnig, Carol D]]. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A32380-2005Apr6.html "Papers Say Leak Probe Is Over"]. ''[[The Washington Post]]'', April 6, 2005: A12.
* [[Robert Novak|Novak, Robert]]. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/13/AR2006091301572.html "Armitage's Leak"]. ''[[The Washington Post]]'', September 13, 2006. Accessed September 24, 2006.
* Novak, Robert. [http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2006/07/my_role_in_plamegate.html "My Role in Plamegate"]. Online posting. ''RealClearPolitics.com'' (blog), July 12, 2006. Accessed September 25, 2006.
* [[Walter Pincus|Pincus, Walter]], and [[Michael Allen (journalist)|Mike Allen]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180810122031/https://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/?pagename=article&contentId=A40012-2003Oct3¬Found=true "Leak of Agent's Name Causes Exposure of CIA Front Firm"]. ''[[The Washington Post]]'', October 4, 2003: A03.
* Smyth, Frank. [http://www.ifex.org/en/content/view/full/67699/ CPJ Statement: Commentary: U.S. Sends the Wrong Message to the World"]. ''[[International Freedom of Expression Exchange|IFEX]]'' (International Freedom of Expression Exchange), June 30, 2005, updated July 1, 2005. Accessed September 24, 2006.
* [[Victoria Toensing|Toensing, Victoria]]. [http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110008948 "The Plame Kerfuffle: What a Load of Armitage!] What Did Patrick Fitzgerald Know, and When Did He Know It?" ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', September 15, 2006, Editorial. Accessed November 20, 2006. (Reply by Corn, "Toensing and WSJ.")
* [[Murray Waas|Waas, Murray S]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100922140112/http://www.nationaljournal.com/about/njweekly/stories/2006/0209nj1.htm "Cheney Authorized Libby to Leak Classified Information"] ''National Journal'', February 9, 2006. Accessed September 10, 2007.
* Waas, Murray S. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111007124402/http://prospect.org/cs/articles?articleId=9473 "Exclusive: Plame Game Over?"] ''[[American Prospect]]'', April 6, 2005. Accessed September 10, 2007.
*Waas, Murray S., with research assistance by Thomas Lang. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070323221210/http://www.prospect.org/webfeatures/2004/02/waas-m-02-12.html "Plame Gate: Did Robert Novak Willfully Disregard Warnings That His Column Would Endanger Valerie Plame? Our Sources Say 'Yes{{'"}}]. ''[[American Prospect]]'', February 12, 2004. Accessed September 25, 2006. (Web-exclusive feature article.)
* [[Marcy Wheeler|Wheeler, Marcy]]. ''Anatomy of Deceit: How the Bush Administration Used the Media to Sell the Iraq War and Out a Spy''. Berkeley: Vaster Books (Dist. by Publishers Group West), 2007. {{ISBN|978-0-9791761-0-4}}.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071226210241/http://www.lasvegassun.com/sunbin/stories/bw-wh/2004/jun/18/061802534.html "White House Counsel Questioned in CIA Leak"]. ''[[Las Vegas Sun]]'', June 18, 2004.
* Wolf, Christopher. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A16733-2005Jan17.html "Plame Investigation Is Not a 'Game{{'"}}]. Letter to the Editor. ''[[The Washington Post]]'', January 18, 2005: A16. [A neighbor of Valerie E. Wilson, Wolf is also a lawyer representing her.]
{{refend}}
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
* [https://www.valerieplamewilson.com/ Official website]
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080314155507/http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2005/cia.leak/index.html |date=March 14, 2008 |title=CNN Special Reports: CIA Leak Investigation }} compiled by [[CNN]]; incl. interactive timeline of ''Main Events'' and "Key Players" (click on photo captioned "Plame").
* ''[https://www.nytimes.com/ref/washington/2006_LEAKTIMELINE_GRAPHIC.html?currentcasetype=Wilson Interactive Graphic: Timeline of a Leak]'' compiled by ''[[The New York Times]]'' (double-click on photo captioned "Ms. Wilson").
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070106105131/http://oversight.house.gov/investigations.asp?Issue=Disclosure+of+CIA+Agent+Identity |date=January 6, 2007 |title=Investigations: Disclosure of CIA Agent Identity }} and {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829175419/http://oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1205 |date=August 29, 2007 |title=Disclosure of CIA Agent Identity: Hearing Examines Exposure of Covert CIA Agent Valerie Plame Wilson's Identity }}. [[U.S. House Committee on Government Reform]] (Oversight Committee). March 16, 2007. Accessed October 22, 2007. Hyperlinked menu with streaming video of hearing and "Documents and Links" (box), featuring documents chart, {{cite web |url= http://oversight.house.gov/Documents/20070316173308-19288.pdf |title= Disclosures of Valerie Plame Wilson's Classified CIA Employment |access-date= February 8, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090826112007/http://oversight.house.gov/documents/20070316173308-19288.pdf |archive-date= August 26, 2009 |url-status=dead }} {{small|(35.9 [[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091017203529/http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/iln/osc/ "Patrick J. Fitzgerald"], [[U.S. Department of Justice Office of Special Counsel]].
* [[United States Senate]] Democratic Policy Committee Hearing, [[United States House of Representatives]] Government Reform Committee Minority, [http://dpc.senate.gov/dpchearing.cfm?h=hearing23 "A Special Joint Oversight Hearing] on the National Security Consequences of Disclosing the Identity of a Covert Intelligence Officer", with link to "Hearing Transcript". July 22, 2005. Accessed November 5, 2010.
* ''[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/valerie-plame-wilson Valerie Plame Wilson Blog]'' at ''[[The Huffington Post]]''.
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/26/fashion/26Plame.html ''New York Times'' 26 September, 2010 feature article about Plame and ''Fair Game'']
* [https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=12055550 "Valerie Plame, in spotlight again"], Associated Press, 11/4/10.
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[[Category:American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:American spies]]
[[Category:College of Europe alumni]]
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