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{{short description|American sketch comedy television series (1968–73)}}
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{{Infobox television
| image = Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In.png
| alt_name = Laugh-In
| genre = Variety show
| creator = {{Plainlist|
*[[George Schlatter]]
}}
| director = {{Plainlist|
*Gordon Wiles
*Mark Warren
}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|
*[[Dan Rowan]]
*[[Dick Martin]]
}}
| theme_music_composer = Ian Bernard
| open_theme = "Inquisitive Tango"
| company = {{Plainlist|
*[[George Schlatter]]-[[Ed Friendly]] Productions
*Romart Inc.
}}
| country = United States
| num_seasons = 6
| num_episodes = 140 (+ one-time special and special episode)
| list_episodes = List of Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In episodes
| runtime = 45–48 minutes
| network = [[NBC]]
| first_aired = {{start date|1968|1|22}}
| last_aired = {{end date|1973|07|23}}
| related = {{Plainlist|
*''[[Turn-On]]''
*''[[Super Laff-In]]'' (Philippines version)
*''[[Letters to Laugh-In]]''
*''[[Baggy Pants and the Nitwits]]''
*''[[The Maltese Bippy]]''
}}
}}
[[File:Rowan martin laugh in photo.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Dan Rowan]] and [[Dick Martin]] (1968)]]
'''''Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In''''' (often simply referred to as '''''Laugh-In''''') is an American [[sketch comedy]] television program that ran for six seasons from January 22, 1968, to July 23, 1973, on the [[NBC]] television network. The show, hosted by comedians [[Dan Rowan]] and [[Dick Martin]], originally aired as a one-time special on September 9, 1967, and was such a success that it was brought back as a series, replacing ''[[The Man from U.N.C.L.E.]]'' on Mondays at 8 pm (ET). It quickly became the most popular television show in the United States.
The title of the show was a play on 1960s [[Hippie]] culture "[[love-in]]s" or [[counterculture]] "[[Central Park be-ins|be-ins]]", terms which were derived from the "[[sit-ins]]" common in protests associated with [[Civil rights movement|civil rights]] and [[List of protests against the Vietnam War|antiwar demonstrations]] of the time. In the pilot episode, Dan Rowan explained the show's approach: "Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to television's first Laugh-In. Now for the past few years, we have all been hearing an awful lot about the various 'ins'. There have been be-ins, love-ins, and sleep-ins. This is a laugh-in and a laugh-in is a frame of mind. For the next hour, we would just like you to sit back and laugh and forget about the other ins."
''Laugh-In'' had its roots in the humor of [[vaudeville]] and burlesque, but its most direct influences were [[Olsen and Johnson]]'s comedies (such as the free-form Broadway revue ''[[Hellzapoppin' (musical)|Hellzapoppin']]''), the innovative television works of [[Ernie Kovacs]] (George Schlatter's wife [[Jolene Brand]] appeared in Kovacs' shows), and the topical TV satire ''[[That Was the Week That Was]]''. The show was characterized by a rapid-fire series of gags and sketches, many of which were politically charged or contained sexual innuendo. The co-hosts continued the exasperated "straight man" (Rowan) and "dumb guy" (Martin) [[double act]] that they had established as nightclub comics.<ref>Hal Erickson, ''From Beautiful Downtown Burbank / A Critical History of Rowan and Martin's Laugh-In, 1968-1973'' North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2000 {{ISBN|0786407662}}.</ref>{{page needed|date=November 2017}}
The show featured [[Gary Owens]] as the on-screen radio [[continuity announcer]], and an ensemble cast. [[Ruth Buzzi]] appeared throughout the show's six-year run, while others appeared in at least three seasons including [[Judy Carne]], [[Henry Gibson]], [[Goldie Hawn]], [[Arte Johnson]], [[Jo Anne Worley]], [[Alan Sues]], [[Lily Tomlin]], [[Dennis Allen (TV comedian)|Dennis Allen]], and [[Richard Dawson]].
In 2002, ''Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In'' was ranked number 42 on [[TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time|''TV Guide's'' 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tv-guide-names-top-50-shows/|title=TV Guide Names Top 50 Shows|date=April 26, 2002|work=CBS News|access-date=October 15, 2020}}</ref>
==Episodes==
{{Main|List of Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In episodes}}
[[Image:Rowanmartin.jpg|thumb|left|167px|Caricatures of [[Dan Rowan]] and [[Dick Martin]] by [[Sam Berman]]]]
''Laugh-In'' was designed to be very lightly structured and consisted mainly of short comedic sketches. Some of these would reappear multiple times throughout an episode with variations on a theme, while others involved reoccurring characters created by the cast. In others, cast members and guest stars would simply appear as themselves, delivering jokes or reacting to a previous sketch. In addition to the announced guest star or stars of the evening, some recurring guest stars would appear unannounced multiple times through a season (which was easy to accomplish given the show's non-linear taping sessions). A trademark of the series was its (even shorter) blackout sketches, often involving rapid-fire cuts between two or more scenes or camera angles, set to a six-note musical sting (or at times, an elongated 16-note version). These were used as transitions into and out of commercials, among other places.
Each show started with a batch of sketches leading into Gary Owens' introduction, in which the cast and announced guest star(s) would appear behind open doors of the show's iconic, [[Psychedelia|psychedelically]] painted "Joke Wall". Owens would also insert offbeat lines in his monotone, deadpan style, in the introductions and occasionally throughout the episode, generally facing a microphone to his side with one hand cupped to his ear (Owens' character loosened up and became "hipper" in later seasons).
After more short sketches leading into and out of the first commercial break, Rowan and Martin would walk in front of the show's homebase set to introduce the show and have a dialogue, generally consisting of Martin frustrating Rowan by derailing his attempt to do a proper introduction via misunderstandings or digressions.
Eventually, Rowan would end the introduction and invite the audience to the "Cocktail Party". This [[live to tape]] segment consisted of all cast members and occasional surprise celebrities dancing before a 1960s "[[Mod (subculture)|mod]]" party backdrop, delivering one- and two-line jokes interspersed with a few bars of dance music. (This was similar in format to the "Word Dance" segments of ''[[A Thurber Carnival]]'', and would later be imitated on ''[[The Muppet Show]]''.)
Another weekly segment was "Laugh-In Looks at the News", which began with the female cast members singing the segment's opening theme in a different costumed set piece each week, often with the help of the guest star. The news varied in presentation over the years, but in the earlier seasons started with Martin reading the "News of the Present", with Rowan providing "News of the Future" and sketches depicting the "News of the Past". Alan Sues, in his "Big Al" character, would provide a typically clueless sports report.
"Mod, Mod World" was a group of sketches introduced by Rowan and Martin that fit into an announced theme. This segment is notable for being interspersed with film clips of some of the female cast members (most frequently Carne and Hawn) performing go-go dancing in bikinis to the segment's burlesque-inspired theme, with the camera periodically zooming into jokes or images that had been painted onto their bodies. The segment also usually included an additional musical number based on the topic, performed by cast members at the beginning and end of the segment, as well as in short bridges between sketches.
At the end of every show, after a final dialogue, Rowan would turn to his co-host and say, "Say good night, Dick", to which Martin replied, "Good night, Dick!", leading into the final Joke Wall segment. The cast would pop out of their doors and either tell jokes to the camera, to each other, or to Rowan and Martin, who stood in front, or just yell out, "Good night, Dick!" This would lead into and continue under the closing credits. There would be one final batch of skits, including a closing appearance from Owens. Up until the finale of Season 4, the last gag would be Arte Johnson's character, Wolfgang, the German soldier. He would slowly rise up from among some plants, look into the camera and say with a thick German accent, "Veeeeery eeenterestingk!" This would bring the episode to a conclusion - almost. The very last thing the television audience would hear is one pair of hands clapping several seconds after all the credits had rolled. This was the conclusion to almost every show up to the Season 5 finale. For Season 6, the television audience would hear a woman laughing (Ruth Buzzi) very strangely long after the credits had rolled.
Other segments and recurring characters, listed below, would come and go throughout the years.
==Production seasons==
[[File:Laugh in hawn buzzi.JPG|thumb|200px|Goldie Hawn and Ruth Buzzi in a 1968 Halloween skit]]
[[File:Rita hayworth laugh in 1971.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Rita Hayworth]] reprised her [[Miss Sadie Thompson|Sadie Thompson]] character on the show in 1971.]]
[[File:John Wayne Laugh In 1972.jpg|thumb|right|[[John Wayne]] being fitted for a giant bunny costume, 1972]]
===1967 Special===
The September 9, 1967, was meant to be a special, sponsored by [[Timex Corporation|Timex]], with guest stars: [[Pamela Austin]], [[Ken Berry]], [[Judy Carne]], [[Barbara Feldon]], and featuring [[Ruth Buzzi]], [[Henry Gibson]], [[Larry Hovis]], [[Arte Johnson]], [[Monte Landis]], [[Jo Anne Worley]], and [[Paul Weston and His Orchestra]]<ref name="youtube/ytwtzDM79Mg">{{cite web |author1=Shout! Studios |author1-link=Shout! Studios |title=Laugh-In:Pilot {{!}} Full Episode |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ytwtzDM79Mg |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[Shout! Factory]] |access-date=26 November 2024 |date=24 December 2021}}</ref>
===Season 1, 1968===
Season 1 ran from January to April 1968 with 14 episodes. [[Gary Owens]] joined the cast in the first episode along with series regulars [[Pamela Austin]], [[Eileen Brennan]], [[Judy Carne]], [[Ruth Buzzi]], [[Henry Gibson]], [[Larry Hovis]], [[Arte Johnson]], and [[Jo Anne Worley]]. [[Goldie Hawn]] joined the cast in the third episode. She had been under contract to ''[[Good Morning World (American TV series)|Good Morning World]]'' at the time of the pilot. [[Eileen Brennan]], [[Barbara Feldon]], and [[Jack Riley (actor)|Jack Riley]] made frequent appearances in both season 1 and 2. Riley usually did skits as President [[Lyndon Johnson]].
Ian Bernard (1930–2020) was the musical director for all 6 seasons. He composed the show's theme song along with numerous other pieces.
[[Billy Barnes (composer)|Billy Barnes]] composed special comic and topical songs for the show's cast and guest stars. He was regularly seen playing a golden grand piano to accompany solos by cast members such as Ruth Buzzi, Alan Sues, and Jo Anne Worley and guest stars such as [[Dinah Shore]] and [[Lena Horne]].
Cast departures: all continued on into Season 2 but Hovis.
===Season 2===
Season 2 (1968–1969): New regulars included [[Chelsea Brown]], [[Dave Madden]] and [[Alan Sues]].
Arte Johnson now insisted on star billing, apart from the rest of the cast. The producer mollified him by having on-screen radio [[continuity announcer]] Gary Owens read Johnson's credit as a separate sentence: "Starring Dan Rowan and Dick Martin! ''And'' Arte Johnson! With Ruth Buzzi..." This maneuver gave Johnson the star billing he wanted, but it also implied that he was still part of the ensemble cast.
Cast departures: Chelsea Brown and Dave Madden left at the end of season 2. Judy Carne officially left the show after episode 11 but did return for a few appearances in season 3.
===Season 3===
Season 3 (1969–1970): New regulars included [[Johnny Brown (actor)|Johnny Brown]], Byron Gilliam, [[Teresa Graves]], [[Jeremy Lloyd]], Pamela Rodgers, and [[Lily Tomlin]]. Gilliam was a dancer in seasons 1 to 2 and promoted to cast member this season. Both Brown and Tomlin joined late in this season.
Cast departures and changes: After the season finale, Gilliam returned to being a regular dancer in The Cocktail Party scene and in occasional skits. He remained until the end of the series. Graves, Hawn, Lloyd, and Worley left after the season 3 finale. Tomlin remained until the series ended in 1973.
===Season 4===
Season 4 (1970–1971): There were major changes to the set and new additions to the cast. The overall [[psychedelia]] look was replaced with a more [[avant-garde]] ambience. The Cocktail Party set now consisted of oversized cutouts of celebrity and historical figures. The show began to depart from both its [[Hippie]]-esque "vibe" and humor and its leanings toward the
[[counterculture of the 1960s]]. There were now significantly fewer jokes and less commentary about [[race relations]] and anti-[[Vietnam War]] sentiment.
New cast members: [[Dennis Roy Allen (TV comedian)|Dennis Allen]], writer-actress [[Ann Elder]], and tap dancer [[Barbara Sharma]].
Cast departures: Gibson left after episode 10 and Johnson left after the season 4 finale.
Notable visits for season 4: [[Goldie Hawn]] made a guest appearance in episode 3. After she left ''Laugh-In'' she made two movies, [[There's A Girl In My Soup|''There's a Girl In My Soup'']] and [[Cactus Flower (film)|''Cactus Flower'']], for which she won an [[Academy Award]]. [[Teresa Graves]] made two consecutive appearances toward the end of season 4.
===Season 5===
Season 5 (1971–1972): Another new set design was introduced that combined [[abstract art]] with [[avant-garde]]. The Cocktail Party set now consisted of a main wall covered in mirrored tiles. The jokes, commentary and overall humor became even more mainstream in Season 5, and there were more [[schtick]] and [[vaudeville]]-styled musical numbers. The few political jokes told were mostly aimed at the [[Nixon administration]]. Around mid-season, the show began to air brief anti-drug messages at the end of each episode. In keeping with ''Laugh-In''<nowiki/>'s groundbreaking nature, these messages strongly resembled 21st century [[GIFs]].
New cast members: ''[[Hogan's Heroes]]'' alumni [[Richard Dawson]] and [[Larry Hovis]]. Both had been part of season 1. Child actor [[Moosie Drier]] was also added, doing solo cameo jokes.
Cast departures after the season 5 finale: Brown, Elder, Hovis, Sharma, and Sues. Dawson remained until the series ended.
During season 5 the show also celebrated its 100th episode. Former cast regulars Carne, Gibson, Graves, Johnson, and Worley returned for the festivities. Frequent guest stars [[Tiny Tim (musician)|Tiny Tim]] and [[John Wayne]] were also on hand to celebrate. This was Wayne's first guest appearance since 1968.
===Season 6===
Season 6 (1972–1973): This was ''Laugh-In''<nowiki/>'s final season. Rowan and Martin assumed the executive producer roles from [[George Schlatter]] and [[Ed Friendly]]. A new set was designed that mixed abstract art with muted [[psychedelia]] colors. There was once again a visible studio audience. Ian Bernard, the show's musical director, and five other musicians became participants in the Cocktail Party scenes as the house band known as "Ian Bernard and His Band at Large". Owens would often incorrectly introduce them as "Ian Bernard and His Band of [[Irvine, California|Irvine]] Quickies", " ...His Band of Lard" or "...His Band of Lies". Also new for the first few episodes was a group of six women dancers called "The Downtown Beauties", referring to the show's running joke of "beautiful downtown Burbank". The members of this group were in the Cocktail Party scenes and the group was featured for many of the musical numbers. The known names of these dancers are Janice Pennington, Mary Rowan (Dan's daughter), and Adele Yoshioko.
Cast (returning veterans): Allen, Buzzi, Dawson, Owens, and Tomlin. (New members:) child actor [[Moosie Drier]], promoted to cast member and teamed with child actor Tod Bass, character comedian Brian Bressler (up to episode 10), comedienne [[Patti Deutsch]], German model Lisa Farringer (episodes 13–24), [[Sarah Kennedy (actor)|Sarah Kennedy]], folksy singer-comedian [[Jud Strunk]], ventriloquist act [[Willie Tyler]] and Lester, and Donna Jean Young. Former regular Jo Anne Worley returned for two guest appearances, including the series finale.
Although Owens was not in the 1967 pilot and Buzzi was not in two episodes of season 1, of the more than three dozen entertainers to join the cast over the years only Rowan, Martin, Owens, and Buzzi were present from beginning to end.
This last season was not George Schlatter's property, so it was not included in the edited and condensed rerun package of half-hour episodes that was syndicated (through [[Lorimar Productions]]) to local stations in 1983 and later to [[Nick at Nite]] in 1987. Season 6 ultimately was shown for the first time since its original 1972 -1973 run when the entire series of full, uncut episodes began airing on [[Decades (TV network)|Decades]] in 2017.
==
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Indicates an extended guest performer and not a regular cast member
*'''All Seasons''': [[Dan Rowan]], [[Dick Martin]], [[Gary Owens]], and [[Ruth Buzzi]]
*'''Special''' (1967): [[Pamela Austin]], [[Ken Berry]], [[Judy Carne]], [[Barbara Feldon]], [[Henry Gibson]], [[Larry Hovis]], [[Arte Johnson]], [[Monte Landis]], [[Jo Anne Worley]], and [[Paul Weston and His Orchestra]]<ref name="youtube/ytwtzDM79Mg"/>
*'''Season 1''' (1968): [[Eileen Brennan]], [[Judy Carne]], [[Henry Gibson]], [[Goldie Hawn]] (episode 3 on), [[Larry Hovis]], [[Arte Johnson]], [[Roddy Maude-Roxby]], [[Jo Anne Worley]]
*'''Season 2''' (1968–69): [[Chelsea Brown]], [[Judy Carne]], [[Arte Johnson]], [[Henry Gibson]], [[Goldie Hawn]], [[Jo Anne Worley]], [[Dave Madden]], [[Alan Sues]], [[Dick Whittington (DJ)|"Sweet Brother" Dick Whittington]]* (through episode 14), [[Charlie Brill]] and [[Mitzi McCall]] - "The Fun Couple"* (through episode 11), [[Pigmeat Markham]]* (through episode 14), [[Jack Riley (actor)|Jack Riley]]* (episodes 4, 7, 12, 13, 16), J. J. Barry (episodes 15–19)*{{citation needed|date=December 2024}}<!-- NOT WP:RS <ref>{{cite web|title=Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In Full Cast & Crew|publisher=IMDb|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0062601/fullcredits}}</ref> --> Byron Gilliam* (dancer), [[Barbi Benton]]* (dancer)
*'''Season 3''' (1969–70): [[Johnny Brown (actor)|Johnny Brown]] (episodes 22 and 24, originally introduced as "John Brown"), [[Judy Carne]] (through episode 12), [[Henry Gibson]], Byron Gilliam (through episode 13, but continued as a dancer and in occasional cameos), [[Stu Gilliam]]* (episodes 14, 16, 19, 20, 26), [[Goldie Hawn]], [[Teresa Graves]], [[Jeremy Lloyd]], [[Arte Johnson]], Pamela Rodgers, [[Alan Sues]], [[Lily Tomlin]] (from episode 15), [[Jo Anne Worley]]
*'''Season 4''' (1970–71): [[Dennis Allen (TV comedian)|Dennis Allen]], [[Johnny Brown (actor)|Johnny Brown]], [[Ann Elder]], [[Henry Gibson]] (through episode 10), [[Arte Johnson]], Nancie Phillips (through episode 17), [[Alan Sues]], [[Barbara Sharma]], [[Lily Tomlin]], Byron Gilliam* (dancer). In possible support of "AIM" - [[The American Indian Movement]] that began in 1968 - the producers hired [[Betty Ann Carr]], of [[Cherokee]] heritage, Sandra Ego, of [[Mescalero Apache]] heritage, and [[Linda Redfearn]], of Cherokee and Anglo ancestry, as dancers in the weekly Cocktail Party scene.
*'''Season 5''' (1971–72): [[Dennis Allen (TV comedian)|Dennis Allen]], [[Johnny Brown (actor)|Johnny Brown]], [[Richard Dawson]], [[Ann Elder]], [[Larry Hovis]], [[Barbara Sharma]], [[Alan Sues]], [[Moosie Drier|Lily Tomlin, Moosie Drier]]* (child), Mona Tera<!-- https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/202816669/mona-tera -->* (child, 6 episodes), Byron Gilliam* (dancer). Apparently, as an economic measure, producers Rowan and Martin gave performers the occasional week off, so not all cast members appear in every episode this season or the next. Apart from Dan and Dick, only Ruth Buzzi, Alan Sues, Lily Tomlin, and Gary Owens appeared in every episode.
*'''Season 6''' (1972–73): [[Dennis Allen (TV comedian)|Dennis Allen]], [[Moosie Drier]] (teamed with child actor Tod Bass through episode 10), Brian Bressler, [[Richard Dawson]], [[Patti Deutsch]], Lisa Farringer (episodes 13-24), [[Sarah Kennedy (actress)|Sarah Kennedy]], [[Jud Strunk]], [[Lily Tomlin]], [[Willie Tyler and Lester]], Donna Jean Young. Like the previous season, not all cast members appear in every episode. Only Ruth Buzzi and Gary Owens were considered essential to the program and thus appeared in every episode.
*'''Dancers – All 6 Seasons''' (this list is incomplete):
::Terri Alexander, Jeanine Barrat, [[Barbi Benton]], [[Sandahl Bergman]], Betty Ann Carr, Pat Doty, Sandra Ego, Byron Gilliam, Jayne Kennedy, Millie Knight, [[Connie Kreski]], Lisa Moore, [[Janice Pennington]], Dolly Read ([[Dolly Martin]]), Linda Redfearn, Beverly Reed, Mary Rowan, Carol Richards, Adele Yoshioko.
[[File:John Wayne Tiny Tim Laugh In 1971.JPG|thumb|325px|[[John Wayne]] and [[Tiny Tim (musician)|Tiny Tim]] helped ''Laugh-In'' celebrate its 100th episode in 1971.]]
===Regular guest performers===
{{Main|List of Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In guests}}
*[[Jack Benny]] (seasons 2–4, 6)
*[[Johnny Carson]] (seasons 1–6)
*[[Carol Channing]] (seasons 3–5)
*[[Tony Curtis]] (seasons 2–3, 5)
*[[Sammy Davis Jr.]] (seasons 1–4, 6)
*[[Phyllis Diller]] (seasons 2–4, 6)
*[[Barbara Feldon]] (seasons 1–2)
*[[Zsa Zsa Gabor]] (seasons 2–3)
*[[Bob Hope]] (seasons 1–2, 4)
*[[Peter Lawford]] (seasons 1–4)
::Lawford became Dan Rowan's son-in-law in 1971
*[[Rich Little]] (seasons 2, 4, 6)
*[[Jill St. John]] (seasons 1, 3, 5–6)
*[[Tiny Tim (musician)|Tiny Tim]] (seasons 1–3, 5)
*[[John Wayne]] (seasons 1–2, 5–6)
*[[Flip Wilson]] (seasons 1–4)
*[[Henny Youngman]] (seasons 2, 5–6)
==Series writers==
The writers for ''Laugh-In'' were: George Schlatter, Paul W. Keyes ([[head writer]]),<ref name="wfmu"/><ref name="pwk">
*{{cite web |title=Paul Keyes Audiovisual Collection: 1985 (5 items) |url=https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/archives/audiovisual/paul-keyes-audiovisual-collection |website=www.reaganlibrary.gov |publisher=[[Ronald Reagan Presidential Library]] |access-date=26 November 2024 |language=en |quote=This collection consists of the video All-Star Party for "Dutch" Reagan taped on 12/4/1985 in Burbank, California and broadcast on 12/8/1985; Hosted by Frank Sinatra with Monty Hall, Vin Scully, Dean Martin, Burt Reynolds, Ben Vereen, Steve Lawrence, Eydie Gorme, Emmanuel Lewis and Charlton Heston. This collection is in the public ___domain. Youtube Channel video.}}
*[https://www.nixonfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Keyes-memo.pdf paul w. keyes] - Richard Nixon Foundation
*{{cite web |last1=Munoz |first1=Manuel |title=PAUL KEYES ON MEETING FRANK SINATRA |url=https://sinatraradio24h.com/frank-sinatra/__trashed-8/ |website=Frank Sinatra Radio Station 24h |publisher=sinatraradio24h.com |date=11 February 2024}}
*{{cite web |last1=Beck |first1=June Parker |title=Interview with Paul Keyes |url=http://moharamagazine.com/Keyes-Interview.html |website=moharamagazine.com |publisher=Maureen O'Hara Magazine |access-date=26 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126084836/http://moharamagazine.com/Keyes-Interview.html |archive-date=26 November 2013 |date=1993-10-29}}
*{{cite web |title=Keyes, Paul W. |url=https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/taxonomy/term/172 |website=[[Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum]] |access-date=26 November 2024}}
*{{cite web |title=Paul W. Keyes |url=https://millercenter.org/taxonomy/term/21766 |website=[[Miller Center of Public Affairs]] |publisher=millercenter.org |access-date=26 November 2024 |language=en |date=1 May 1973}}
*{{cite news |title=Paul Keyes |url=https://variety.com/2004/scene/people-news/paul-keyes-1117897896/ |access-date=26 November 2024 |work=Variety |date=7 January 2004 |quote=He also did specials during the '70s and '80s that paid tribute to John Wayne, Frank Sinatra, Lucille Ball, Ronald Reagan and Clint Eastwood, among others. Keyes consulted for Richard Nixon...}}
*{{cite web |title=Paul Keyes |url=https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/people/paul-keyes |website=Television Academy Interviews |publisher=televisionacademy.com |access-date=26 November 2024 |language=en |date=23 October 2017}}
*{{cite web |title=Paul W. Keyes Dies |url=https://www.emmys.com/news/paul-w-keyes-dies |website=Television Academy |publisher=emmys.com |access-date=26 November 2024 |language=en}}
*{{cite web |title=Paul W. Keyes |url=https://www.emmys.com/bios/paul-w-keyes |website=Television Academy |publisher=emmys.com |access-date=26 November 2024 |language=en}}
*{{cite news |last1=Oliver |first1=Myrna |title=Paul W. Keyes, 79; Comedy Writer and Producer for Classic TV Shows |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-jan-08-me-keyes8-story.html |access-date=26 November 2024 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=8 January 2004}}</ref> [[Larry Hovis]] (pilot only), [[Digby Wolfe]], Hugh Wedlock Jr. and [[Allan Manings]], [[Chris Bearde]] (credited as Chris Beard), Phil Hahn and [[Jack Hanrahan]], Coslough Johnson<ref name="thr/coslough-dead">{{cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Mike |title=Coslough Johnson, Writer on 'Laugh-In' and Sonny and Cher Variety Shows, Dies at 91 |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/coslough-johnson-dead-laugh-in-sonny-cher-1235365465/ |access-date=27 November 2024 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=1 April 2023}}</ref> (Arte Johnson's twin brother), Marc London and David Panich, Dave Cox, [[Jim Carlson (screenwriter)|Jim Carlson]], [[Jack Mendelsohn]] and Jim Mulligan, [[Lorne Michaels]] (before he became the producer of [[Saturday Night Live]])<ref>{{cite news |last1=Murphy |first1=Mary Jo |title=Remembering 'Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/11/arts/television/remembering-rowan-martins-laugh-in.html |access-date=26 November 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=Sep 10, 2015}}</ref> and [[Hart Pomerantz]], [[Jack Douglas (writer)|Jack Douglas]], [[Jeremy Lloyd]], John Carsey, Dennis Gren, Gene Farmer, John Rappaport and Stephen Spears, [[Jim Abell]] and Chet Dowling, [[Barry Took]], E. Jack Kaplan, [[Larry Siegel]], [[Jack S. Margolis]], [[Don Reo]] and [[Allan Katz]], Richard Goren (also credited as Rowby Greeber and [[Rowby Goren]]), Winston Moss, Gene Perret and [[Bill Richmond (writer)|Bill Richmond]], Jack Wohl, Bob Howard and Bob DeVinney. Script supervisors for ''Laugh-In'' included Digby Wolfe (comedy consultant, season 1), Phil Hahn and Jack Hanrahan (season 2), Allan Manings (season 3), Marc London and David Panich (seasons 3–6), and Jim Mulligan (season 6).
==Musical direction and production numbers==
The musical director for ''Laugh-In'' was Ian Bernard.<ref name="syvn/ian-bernard">{{cite news |last1=Norbom |first1=Mary Ann |title=Ian Bernard, 'Wonder Boy' of song and dance, still performing at age 85 |url=https://syvnews.com/entertainment/music/ian-bernard-wonder-boy-of-song-and-dance-still-performing-at-age-85/article_e79d9bba-7773-5fee-92e0-f0d0a39ecf09.html |access-date=26 November 2024 |work=[[Santa Ynez Valley News]] |date=4 February 2016 |language=en |quote= }}</ref> He wrote the opening theme music, "Inquisitive Tango" (used in Season 1 and again permanently from season 4), plus the infamous "What's the news across the nation" number. He wrote all the musical "play-ons" that introduced comedy sketches like Lily Tomlin's character, Edith Ann, the little girl who sat in a giant rocking chair, and Arte Johnson's old man character, Tyrone, who always got hit with a purse. He also appeared in many of the Cocktail Party scenes, primarily Season 6, where he directed his band as they stopped and started between jokes. Composer-lyricist [[Billy Barnes (composer)|Billy Barnes]] wrote all of the original musical production numbers in the show, and often appeared on-camera, accompanying Johnson, Buzzi, Worley, or Sues, on a golden grand piano. Barnes was the creator of the [[Billy Barnes Revue]] of 1959 and 1960. For the entire 141-episode series of ''Laugh-In'', including the pilot, the show's musical coordinator was West Coast bebop jazz pianist and composer [[Russ Freeman (pianist)|Russ Freeman]].
==Post-production==
The show was recorded at [[The Burbank Studios|NBC's Burbank facility]] using two-inch [[quadruplex videotape]]. As computer-controlled [[online editing]] had not been invented at the time, [[post-production]] [[video editing]] of the [[Montage (filmmaking)|montage]] was achieved by the error-prone method of visualizing the recorded track with [[ferrofluid]] and cutting it with a [[razor]] blade or [[guillotine]] cutter and splicing with adhesive tape, in a manner similar to film editing. This had the incidental benefit of ensuring the preservation of the master tape, as a spliced tape [[Lost television broadcast|could not be recycled for further use]]. ''Laugh-In'' editor [[Arthur Schneider]] won an Emmy Award in 1968 for his pioneering use of the "[[jump cut]]" – the unique editing style in which a sudden cut from one shot to another was made without a fade-out.<ref>Art Schneider, ''Jump Cut: Memories of a Pioneer Television Editor'', North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 1997 {{ISBN|0786403454}}.</ref>{{page needed|date=November 2017}}
When the series was restored for airing by the Trio Cable Network in 1996, the aforementioned edits became problematic for the editors, as the adhesive used on the source tape had deteriorated during 20+ years of storage, making many of the visual elements at the edit points unusable. This was corrected in digital re-editing by removing the problematic video at the edit point and then slowing down the video image just before the edit point; time-expanding the slowed-down section long enough to allot enough time to seamlessly reinsert the audio portion from the removed portion of video.
==Recurring sketches and characters==
===Sketches===
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Frequently recurring ''Laugh-In'' sketches included:
*"'''Cocktail Party'''"; a live to tape segment consisting of all cast members and occasional surprise celebrities dancing before a 1960s "mod" party backdrop, delivering one- and two-line jokes interspersed with a few bars of dance music. (This was similar in format to the "Word Dance" segments of ''[[A Thurber Carnival]]'', and would later be imitated on ''[[The Muppet Show]]''.)
*"'''Mod, Mod World'''"; a group of sketches introduced by Rowan and Martin that fit into an announced theme. This segment is notable for being interspersed with film clips of some of the female cast members ([[Judy Carne]], [[Ruth Buzzi]], [[Goldie Hawn]], [[Chelsea Brown]], and others<ref name="youtube/OIQiOxRkzBw">{{cite web |author1=Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In |author1-link=Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In |title=Eve Arden On Laugh-In |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OIQiOxRkzBw |website=[[YouTube]] |access-date=26 November 2024 |date=6 March 2024}}</ref>) performing go-go dancing in bikinis to the segment's burlesque-inspired theme, with the camera periodically zooming into puns, jokes and images that had been painted onto their bodies. The segment also usually included an additional musical number based on the topic, performed by cast members at the beginning and end of the segment, as well as in short bridges between sketches.
{{Anchor|Sock it to me}}
*"'''Sock it to me'''"; Judy Carne was often tricked into saying the phrase ("It may be [[rice wine]] to you, but it's [[sake]] to me!"), which invariably results in her (or other cast members) falling through a trap door, being doused with water, or playfully assaulted in various other manners. The phrase was also uttered by many of the cameo guest stars, [[#Memorable moments|most notably Richard Nixon]], though they were almost never subjected to the same treatment as Carne. The phrase was "retired" after Carne left the series. In the last season where Alan Sues was a regular, he would be the one who got water thrown on him after a ticking alarm clock went off.
*"'''The Farkel Family'''", a couple with numerous children, all of whom wore round glasses, had bright red hair and large freckles - strikingly similar to their "good friend and trusted neighbor" Ferd Berfel (Dick Martin). The sketch employed diversion humor, the writing paying more attention to the lines said by each player, using [[Alliteration|alliterative]] tongue-twisters ("That's a fine-looking Farkel flinger you found there, Frank"). Dan Rowan played father Frank Farkel the Third, Jo Anne Worley, Barbara Sharma, and Patti Deutsch played his wife Fanny Farkel, Goldie Hawn played Sparkle Farkel, and Arte Johnson played Frank Farkel the Fourth. Ruth Buzzi played Flicker Farkel, who wore a frilly dress and would contort herself and roll on the floor and loudly say "HIIIIII!" in a very high-pitched voice. Two of the children were twins named [[Simon & Garfunkel|Simon and Gar Farkel]], played by cast members of different races (Teresa Graves and Pamela Rodgers in the third season; Johnny Brown and Dennis Allen in the fourth). By the final season the Farkel offspring had dwindled to only two children, played by Ruth Buzzi and the puppet Lester. All of the Farkel skits were written or co-written by David Panich.
*"'''Here Comes the Judge'''". The judge, originally portrayed by British comic [[Roddy Maude-Roxby]], was a stuffy magistrate with a black robe and [[Court dress#King's Counsel|oversized judge's wig]]. Each sketch featured the judge trading barbs with a defendant brought before him. On delivery of the punchline, he would strike the defendant with an inflated bladder balloon tied to the sleeve of his robe. Guest stars [[Flip Wilson]] or [[Sammy Davis Jr.]] would introduce the sketch saying "Here come da judge!", which was a venerable catchphrase by nightclub comedian [[Pigmeat Markham]]. Surprised that his trademark had been appropriated, Markham asked producer George Schlatter to let him play the judge himself; Schlatter agreed and Markham presided for the first half of the second season. After Markham left, the sketch was briefly retired until [[Sammy Davis Jr.]] donned the judicial robe and wig during his guest appearances, making the role his own. The character was introduced as "The Right Honorable Samuel Davis, Junior" (or "Right Hon." for short). Davis introduced each sketch with a spoken verse like "If your lawyer's sleepin', better give him a nudge! Everybody look alive 'cause here come de judge!" Davis would then strut off stage chanting "Here come de judge! Here come de judge!"
*"'''Laugh-In Looks at the News'''", a parody of [[Television news|network news]]casts. It first appeared in the pilot episode in a slightly different format, meant to show how a news broadcast would run if presented as a weekly variety show. The segment was introduced by the female cast members singing the segment's opening theme in a different costumed set piece each week, often with the help of the guest star, in a highly un-journalistic manner - with clever production numbers that had intricate choreography and amazing costume design. The sketch was originally called the Rowan and Martin Report (a take-off on the [[Huntley-Brinkley Report]], Hovis had mimicked Brinkley in the Pilot/Special). The sketch itself featured Martin reading the "News of the Present", humorously reporting on current events, which then segued into Dan reporting on "News of the Future" (20 years later), and sketches depicting the "News of the Past". "News of the Future" segments, on at least two occasions, ''correctly predicted'' future events, one being that [[Ronald Reagan]] would be president in 1988, and another that the [[Berlin Wall]] would finally come down in 1989 (''S2 E23''). This segment was influenced by the BBC's ''[[That Was the Week That Was]]'', and in turn inspired ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'s'' "[[Weekend Update]]" segments (''SNL'' creator [[Lorne Michaels]] was a ''Laugh-In'' writer early in his career). The News segments were followed by "Big Al" (Sues) and his sports report in seasons 2–5. After Sues left the show, [[Jud Strunk]] took over the sports segment ("reporting from the sports capital of [[Farmington, Maine]]") by featuring films of oddly-named events which were actual sports films played backwards. An example is the "Cannonball Catch", featuring a backwards film of a bowling tournament where the "cannonballs" (bowling balls) are caught one-handed by the catcher (the bowler) after rolling up the alley.
*"'''New Talent Time'''" also called "Discovery of the Week" in later seasons. It introduced oddball variety acts (sometimes characters played by regular cast members). ''Laugh-In'' writer Chris Beard (later known as Chris Bearde) took the "New Talent" concept and later developed it into ''[[The Gong Show]]''.
:*[[Tin Pan Alley]] musician [[Tiny Tim (musician)|Tiny Tim]] – The most notable of these performances was in episode 1 and shot him to fame. He returned in the Season 1 finale, made several guest appearances after, and was there for the series finale.
:*Actor [[Paul Gilbert (actor)|Paul Gilbert]] (adoptive father of actress [[Melissa Gilbert]]) appeared in three episodes as an inept French juggler, introduced as "Paul Jill-''bare''".
:*[[The Holy Modal Rounders]], [[List of Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In episodes#Season 2 (1968–69)|14 October 1968]]
:*6'2" actress Inga Neilsen made appearances as a bugle/kazoo player who could only play one note of "Tiger Rag" and had to deal with Martin's advances. Martin, who showed mild interest in most New Talent acts, enthusiastically cheered her on despite the obvious lack of talent.
:*Ventriloquist [[Paul Winchell]] appeared three times as "Lucky Pierre", whose puppets would fall apart or die on him.
:*[[Arte Johnson]] would appear as his Pyotr Rosmenko character looking for his big American break, singing gibberish in a Russian accent.
:*[[Murray Langston]], made an appearance. He would later achieve fame as the Gong Show's "Unknown Comic".
*"'''The Flying Fickle Finger of Fate Award'''" sardonically recognized actual dubious achievements by public individuals or institutions, the most frequent recipients being members or branches of the government. The trophy was a gilded left hand mounted on a trophy base with its extended index finger adorned with two small wings. The award was created by Paul Keyes and [[Jack Hanrahan]], with the former credited with its name and the latter the trophy.<ref name="jwclemag7601">[https://clevelandmagazine.com/in-the-cle/the-read/articles/the-man-who-made-cleveland-a-national-joke Walders, Joe. "The Man Who Made Cleveland a National Joke," ''Cleveland Magazine'', January 1976.] Retrieved February 17, 2025.</ref>
*"'''The Wonderful World of Whoopee Award'''" was a counterpart to the "Flying Fickle Finger of Fate Award", described by Rowan as a citation "for the little man who manages to outfight or outfox the bureaucracy"; the statue was similar to the Finger of Fate, only it was a right hand (without wings on the index finger) pointing straight up, and with a hidden mechanism that, when activated, waved the finger in a circular motion.
*"'''The C.F.G. [[Automat]]'''"; a [[vending machine]] whose title was an inside joke for cast members who referred to producer Schlatter as "Crazy F***ing George". The vending machine would distribute oddball items that were a play on the name. Examples: The 'pot pie' produced a cloud of smoke when the door was opened, then the pie floated away. The 'ladyfingers' was a woman's hand reaching out and tickling Arte's face while another 'ladyfingers' door opened and picked his pocket.
*Many episodes were interspersed with a recurring, short wordless gag in which an actor repeatedly tried to accomplish some simple task like entering an elevator, opening a window or door, watering a plant, etc., which would fail each time in a different, surprising way (the object would move unexpectedly, another part of the wall or room would move, water would squirt the actor in the face from the object, etc.)
*Another recurring wordless gag involved one or more actors walking around the street in a jerky fashion (using stop-motion or low shutter speed filming) holding and turning a bare steering wheel, as if they were driving a car or actually were a car, with various sound effects to simulate honking, back-ups, collisions with each other, etc.
*From season 4 on, a variety of sketches or jokes used the word "Foon", usually as part of the name of imaginary products or persons (e.g., Foon detergent, Mr. Foonman). The names "Nern" and "Wacker" were used similarly from Seasons 1 through 3.
*"'''Questions From The Audience / Dick's Costumes'''"; In the sixth season, Dan Rowan would ask the audience if anybody had any questions about the show or otherwise. As he was doing so (in which nobody in the audience ever spoke up), Dick Martin would come out wearing a wacky costume which Rowan would ask about, leading to a humorous exchange on the costume's subject matter.
===Characters===
[[File:Henry Gibson 1969 (cropped version).JPG|thumb|right|[[Henry Gibson]], 1969]]
*[[Dan Rowan]], in addition to hosting, provided the "News Of The Future" and also appeared as General Bull Right, a far-right-wing representative of the military establishment and outlet for political humor.
*[[Dick Martin]], in addition to hosting would also play the drunken Leonard Swizzle, husband of an equally drunk Doris Swizzle (Ruth Buzzi); and a character always buzzing for an elevator on which the doors never closed in a normal way
*[[Gary Owens]] as an on-screen radio [[continuity announcer]], who regularly stands in an old-time radio studio (acoustic tiles, large microphone), with his hand cupped over his ear, making announcements, often with little relation to the rest of the show, such as (in an overly-dramatic voice), "Earlier that evening ..."
*[[
**Wolfgang, the WWII German soldier who was unaware the war was over – Wolfgang would often peer out from behind a potted palm and comment on the previous gag saying, with a thick German accent, "Verrry in-te-res-tink", sometimes with comments such as "... but ''shtupid''!" He eventually closed each show by talking to [[Lucille Ball]] and her husband [[Gary Morton]], as well as the cast of ''[[Gunsmoke]]'' — both airing opposite ''Laugh-In'' on [[CBS]]; as well as whatever was on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]. Johnson later repeated the line while playing Nazi-themed supervillain [[Virman Vundabar]] on an episode of ''[[Justice League Unlimited]]''. Johnson also reprised his Wolfgang character in a series of skits for the second season of ''[[Sesame Street]]'' (1970–1971), and in 1980 for a series of small introductory skits with a plant on ''[[3-2-1 Contact]]'', during the "Growth/Decay" week.
**Tyrone F. Horneigh (pronounced "hor-NIGH", presumably to satisfy the censors) was a "dirty old man" who was always after drab spinster Gladys Ormphby (Ruth Buzzi). As she sat on a park bench he would attempt to sit right next to her, eventually forcing her to the edge of the bench. Gladys always rebuked Tyrone's advances and would clobber him multiple times with her purse until he would make a final comment about his well-being and do a slow roll off the bench. Both Tyrone and Gladys later became animated characters (voiced by Johnson and Buzzi) in "The Nitwits" segments of the 1977 Saturday morning animated television show, ''[[Baggy Pants and the Nitwits]]''.
**Pyotr Rosmenko, a Russian man, stands stiffly and nervously in an ill-fitting out-of-fashion 1940s pin-striped suit while commenting on differences between America and "the old country", such as "Here in America, is very good, everyone watch television. In old country, television watches you!" This type of joke has come to be known as the [[Russian reversal]].
**Rabbi Shankar (a pun on [[Ravi Shankar]]) was an Indian guru who dresses in a [[Nehru jacket]] dispensing pseudo[[Mysticism|mystical]] Eastern wisdom laden with bad puns. He held up two fingers in a peace sign whenever he spoke.
**An unnamed character in a yellow raincoat and hat, riding a tricycle and then falling over, was frequently used to link between sketches. The character was portrayed by many people besides Johnson, including his brother Coslough (a writer for the show), Alan Sues, and Johnny Brown.
**The Scandinavian Storyteller – spoke gibberish, including nonsensical 'Knock Knock' jokes in the Joke Wall. No one could ever understand him. Possibly inspiration for the Muppets' Swedish Chef character.
**The Psychiatrist - a black haired, black clad doctor who often attends the ''Cocktail Party'' during season four and talks about his experiments and patients with a thick Freudian accent.
*{{anchor|Ruth Buzzi}}[[Ruth Buzzi]]:
**Gladys Ormphby – A drab, relatively young [[spinster]], in the [[Close-up]] segments, including ''Cocktail Party'' segments, she is portrayed as desperate for males, in the Arte Johnson segments, she is the eternal target of Arte Johnson's ''Tyrone'', whom she rebukes, then attacks; when Johnson left the series, Gladys retreated into recurring daydreams, often involving marriages to historical figures, including [[Christopher Columbus]] and [[Benjamin Franklin]] (both played by Alan Sues). She typically hit people repeatedly with her purse. The character was recreated, along with Tyrone, in ''Baggy Pants and the Nitwits''. Buzzi also performed as Gladys on ''Sesame Street'' and ''[[The Dean Martin Show]]'', most notably in the Celebrity Roasts.
**Doris Swizzle – A seedy barfly, she is paired with her husband, Leonard Swizzle, played by Dick Martin.
**Kim Hither – An exceedingly friendly hooker, commonly seen in sketches or at the ''Cocktail Party'' propositioning people while leaning against a lamppost.
**Busy Buzzi – A cold and heartless old-style [[Hedda Hopper]]-type Hollywood gossip columnist.
**Kathleen Pullman – A wicked parody of [[televangelist]] [[Kathryn Kuhlman]]. This always helpful but overdramatic woman is always eager to help people.
**Laverne Blossom - A former silent movie star<!-- https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/comedian-ruth-buzzi-poses-in-character-shots-for-the-cbs-news-photo/625071738 --> (an [[Alla Nazimova]] as Marguerite Gautier in ''[[Camille (1921 film)|Camille]]'' homage) with dark make-up around the eyes. She often attends the ''Cocktail Party'' in the later seasons.
**Florence Lawrence - a meek wannabe secretary with giant teeth. Also attends the ''Cocktail Party'' during the back half of season four.
**Alice Capone - tells jokes during the Syndicate news segment in Season 6. Wears cotton stuffed in her mouth to resemble [[Marlon Brando]] in [[The Godfather]].
*[[
**The Poet held an oversized flower and nervously read offbeat poems. (His stage name was a play on the name of playwright [[Henrik Ibsen]].)
**The Parson – A character who makes ecclesiastical quips. In 1970, he officiated at a near-marriage for Tyrone and Gladys.
**Would frequently just pop up and utter the phrase "[[Marshall McLuhan]], what are you doin'?".
**Also played a cub reporter for Busy Buzzi. While she was looking for a scoop, Gibson would come in with one (usually about [[Steve McQueen]]) which Buzzi would completely garble up to sound like something out of left field.
*[[Goldie Hawn]] is best known as the giggling "[[dumb blonde]]", stumbling over her lines, especially when she introduced Dan's "News of the Future". In the earliest episodes, she recited her dialogue sensibly and in her own voice, but as the series progressed, she adopted a [[Dumb Dora]] character with a higher-pitched giggle and a vacant expression, which endeared her to viewers. Frequently did a [[Donald Duck]] voice at inappropriate times, such as when she was expected to sing or doing ballet.
[[File:Lilly Tomlin Rita Hayworth Laugh-In 1971.JPG|215px|thumb|The Tasteful Lady ([[Lily Tomlin]]) entertains [[Rita Hayworth]], 1971]]
*[[
**Ernestine/Miss Tomlin – An obnoxious telephone operator, she has no concern at all for her customers and constantly mispronounced their names. Her close friend is fellow telephone operator, Phenicia; and her boyfriend, Vito. She would boast of being a high school graduate. Tomlin later performed Ernestine on ''Saturday Night Live'' and ''[[Happy New Year, America]]''. She also played the Ernestine character for a comedy album called ''This Is A Recording'' and also made guest appearances as the character on shows and TV specials, such as ''Sesame Street'', ''[[The Electric Company]]'', ''[[Free to Be... a Family]]'', and ''[[Sesame Street Stays Up Late!]]'', in the last of which [[Oscar the Grouch|Oscar]] calls the operator and harangues her into hooking him up with five of his [[List of Sesame Street Muppets|Grouch relatives]]. At the suggestion of CFG, Ernestine began dialing with her middle finger in Season 4, sometimes blatantly flipping "the bird" to the camera as a result. Censors never caught on – "we know she's doing something wrong, we just can't put our ''finger'' on it!"
**Edith Ann – A {{frac|5|1|2}}-year-old child, she ends each of her short monologs with: "And that's the truth", followed by [[blowing a raspberry]]. Tomlin performs her skits in an oversized rocking chair that makes her appear small. Tomlin later performed Edith Ann on children's shows such as ''Sesame Street'' and ''The Electric Company''.
**Mrs. Earbore (the "Tasteful Lady") – A prim society matron, Mrs. Earbore expressed quiet disapproval about a tasteless joke or remark, and then rose from her chair with her legs spread, getting doused with a bucket of water or the sound of her skirt ripping.
**Dotty – A crass and rude grocery checker who tended to annoy her customers at the store where she worked.
**Lula – A loud and boisterous woman with a Marie Antoinette hair-do who always loved a party.
**Suzie Sorority of the Silent Majority – clueless sorority college student who ended each bit with "Rah!"
**The Babbler – A character given to speaking exuberantly and at great length while digressing after every few words and never staying on one subject, producing an unbroken, incomprehensible monolog.<ref>{{cite news|title=How Lily Helps Keep 'em Laughin'|author=Bell, Joseph N.|date=November 8, 1970|work=The New York Times|page=127|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|page=135|title=They'll Leave You Laughing — and Thinking|author=Kent, Leticia|date=March 11, 1973|work=The New York Times}}</ref>
[[File:Judy Carne Rowan Martin Laugh In 1967.JPG|thumb|215px|Rowan and Martin with [[Judy Carne]] in 1967]]
*[[Judy Carne]] had two characters known for their robotic speech and movement:
**Mrs. Robot in "Robot Theater" – A female companion to Arte Johnson's "Mr. Robot".
**The Talking Judy Doll – She is usually played with by Arte Johnson, who never heeded her warning: "Touch my little body, and I hit you!"
**[[#Sock it to me|The Sock-It-To-Me Girl]] in which she would usually end up being splashed with water and/or falling through a trap door and/or getting conked on the head by a large club or mallet and/or knocked out by a boxing glove on a spring.
*[[Jo Anne Worley]] sometimes sings off-the-wall songs using her [[Belting (music)|loud operatic voice]] or displaying an advanced state of pregnancy, but is better remembered for her mock outrage at "chicken jokes" and her melodic outcry of "Bo-ring!". At the cocktail parties, she would talk about her never-seen married boyfriend/lover "Boris" (who, according to her in a Season 3 episode, was finally found out by his wife).
*[[
**Big Al – A clueless and fey sports anchor, he loves ringing his "Featurette" bell, which he calls his "tinkle".
** He would dress in drag as his former co-star, Jo Anne Worley, including skits where he appeared as a "fairy godmother". imitating Worley's boisterous laugh and offering help or advice to a Cinderella-type character in a conversation full of double entendres.
**Uncle Al, the Kiddies' Pal – A short-tempered host of a children's show, he usually goes on the air with a hangover: "Oh, kiddies, Uncle Al had a lot of medicine last night." Whenever he got really agitated, he would yell to "Get Miss Twinkle on the phone!"
**Grabowski – a benchwarmer football player obviously not cut out for the sport. Example lines included "He pushed me! He pushed me!... they ''all'' pushed me!" and "No, you can't wear your ballet slippers on the field, Grabowski!"
**Boomer – A self-absorbed "jock" bragging about his athletic exploits.
**[[Ambiguously gay]] saloon patron – while Dan and Dick ordered whiskey, he would saunter up to the bar and ask for a fruit punch or frozen daiquiri.
**In the last season where he was a regular, he would be the one who got water thrown on him after a ticking alarm clock went off (replacing Judy Carne as the one who always got drenched).
*Pamela Rodgers – "Your man in Washington"; she would give 'reports' from the Capitol that were usually double entendres to give the impression that the Congressmen were fooling around with her.
*[[Jeremy Lloyd]] – scrunched himself into an ultra-short character a la [[Toulouse-Lautrec]].
*[[Dennis Allen (TV comedian)|Dennis Allen]]:
**Lt. Peaches of the Fuzz – a stumble-bum police officer.
**Chaplain Bud Homily – a droll clergyman who often falls victim to his own sermons.
**Eric Clarified (a play on news commentator [[Eric Sevareid]]) – a correspondent for ''Laugh-In Looks at the News'' who further muddles up obfuscatory government statements he has been asked to clarify. Rowan would often throw to another correspondent (played by Sues) to analyze Eric Clarified's statements in turn.
*[[
**The Burbank Meter Maid – a dancing [[meter maid]] who tickets anything from trees to baby carriages.
**An aspiring actress who often plays foil in cocktail-party segments to another "high-society" character (Tomlin).
**In season four, a [[Ruby Keeler]]-esque dancer (and arch-nemesis of Johnson's Wolfgang) who often praises Vice President [[Spiro Agnew]].
*[[Johnny Brown (actor)|Johnny Brown]] lent his impersonations of [[Ed Sullivan]], [[Alfred Hitchcock]], [[Ralph Kramden]] and the Kingfish from ''[[Amos 'n' Andy]]''.
*[[Ann Elder]] as Pauline Rhetoric (a play on NBC reporter [[Pauline Frederick (journalist)|Pauline Frederick]]), the chief interviewer for the ''Laugh-In News'' segments.
*[[Moosie Drier]] and Todd Bass – Drier did the "kids news for kids" segment of the Laugh-In news. Bass teamed with Drier in Season 6 to read letters from a treehouse
*[[Larry Hovis]] – the Senator, the Texan, [[David Brinkley]], [[Father Time]]
*[[Richard Dawson]] – [[W.C. Fields]], [[Groucho Marx]], Hawkins the Butler, who always started his piece by asking "Permission to ...?" and proceeded to fall over.
*[[Roddy Maude-Roxby]], [[Pigmeat Markham]] – Here Come Da Judge (Roxby for Season 1, Markham for Season 2)
*[[Dave Madden]] – would always throw confetti after "a naughty thought", usually a punch line that was a [[double-entendre]]. Once while kissing Carne, confetti erupted around him.
*[[Jud Strunk]] – sports news segment ("reporting from the sports capital of [[Farmington, Maine]]"), Vidal Bassoon (play on [[Vidal Sassoon]]) with the Bald News (who tears off a wig to reveal a bald cap each time).
*[[Patti Deutsch]] - Sister Mary Youngman (a nun who tells jokes a la [[Henny Youngman]]), Heavy Helen who presents the Hippy news.
===Memorable moments===
{{more citations needed|section|date=February 2020}}
The first season featured some of the first music videos seen on network TV, with cast members appearing in films set to the music of [[the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band]], the [[Bee Gees]], [[the Temptations]], the [[Strawberry Alarm Clock]], and [[The First Edition (band)|the First Edition]].
During the September 16, 1968, episode, Richard Nixon, running for president, appeared for a few seconds with a disbelieving vocal inflection, asking "Sock it to ''me''?" Nixon was not doused or assaulted. An invitation was extended to Nixon's opponent, Vice President [[Hubert Humphrey]], but he declined.<ref name="kolbert">{{cite magazine|author=Kolbert, Elizabeth|url=https://www.newyorker.com/archive/2004/04/19/040419fa_fact1 |title=Stooping To Conquer|magazine=The New Yorker|date=April 19, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005011233/http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2004/04/19/040419fa_fact1|archive-date=October 5, 2008}}</ref> According to George Schlatter, the show's creator, "Humphrey later said that not doing it may have [[1968 United States presidential election|cost him the election]]", and "[Nixon] said the rest of his life that appearing on ''Laugh-In'' is what got him elected. And I believe that. And I've had to live with that."<ref name="wfmu">{{cite web|url=https://blog.wfmu.org/freeform/2010/09/richard-nixons-laugh-in.html|title=The Comedy Writer That Helped Elect Richard M. Nixon |last1=Nesteroff |first1=Kliph |author1-link=Kliph Nesteroff |work=[[WFMU]]'s Beware of the Blog|access-date=October 15, 2020}}</ref><ref name=makeemlaugh>"Satire and Parody; Sock it to Me?" ''[https://www.pbs.org/wnet/makeemlaugh/ Make 'Em Laugh: The Funny Business of America]'', January 28, 2009.</ref> In an episode of the ill-fated 1977 revival, Rich Little as Nixon says, "I invited the American people to sock-it-to-me.... you can stop now".{{citation needed|date=February 2017}}
After winning the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress in ''Cactus Flower'', Goldie Hawn made a guest appearance in the third episode of the fourth season. She began the episode as an arrogant snob of an actress; however, a bucket of water thrown at her transformed her back to her giggling dumb blonde persona.
On multiple occasions, producer [[George Schlatter]] attempted to get [[William F. Buckley Jr.]] to appear on the show, only to be refused each time until he suddenly agreed to an appearance. In the episode that aired December 28, 1970, Buckley appeared in an unusual sit-down segment (portions of which were scattered throughout the episode) flanked by Rowan and Martin and fielding questions from the cast (which included Lily Tomlin doing her Babbler and Ernestine shticks) and giving humorous answers to each. Near the end, when Rowan asked Buckley why he finally agreed to appear on the show, Buckley explained that Schlatter had written him "an irresistable letter" in which he promised to fly Buckley out to [[Burbank, California|Burbank]] "in an airplane with two right wings". At the end, Rowan thanked him for appearing: "You can't be that smart without having a sense of humor, and you have a delightful one."
The 100th episode featured [[John Wayne]], [[Tiny Tim (musician)|Tiny Tim]] and the return of several former cast members. Wayne, with his ear cupped, read the line "and me, I'm Gary Owens" instead of Owens himself. Wayne also shook Tiny Tim's hand, pretending that his grip was too overpowering.
==Catchphrases==
{{Overly detailed|details=|date=June 2022|section}}In addition to those already mentioned, the show created numerous catchphrases (for a full description of characters and recurring characters, see above sections.):
*"Look ''that'' up in your ''[[Funk and Wagnalls]]''!" -- said primarily by cast members. ''F & W'' was a lesser-known, cheaply made and sold in supermarkets,<ref name="atmore/encyclopedia-cents">{{cite news |last1=Grimes |first1=Lydia |title=Looking Back: The A&P offered encyclopedias for 49 cents |url=https://www.atmoreadvance.com/2018/09/19/looking-back-the-ap-offered-encyclopedias-for-49-cents/ |access-date=26 November 2024 |work= [[Atmore Advance]] |date=19 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref> as a door-buster, set of encyclopedia volumes whose phonetically tricky name was aimed at the NBC censors to poke fun of them by both ''Laugh-In'' and ''[[The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson]]''. Originally coined by [[Pigmeat Markham]].
*"Sock it to me!"—got the most exposure from this show. It had been used in two songs released in 1966 - two years before ''Laugh-In'' went on the air in 1968 as a series. The first was "Sock It To Me, Baby!" by [[Mitch Ryder]] & [[The Detroit Wheels]] and the second was "[[Respect (song)|Respect]]" by [[Aretha Franklin]]. She repeatedly sang the phrase in her chart-topping hit. The phrase was retired after Season 3, when Carne left the series.
*"You bet your sweet bippy!"—said primarily by Dick Martin.
*"Beautiful downtown [[Burbank, California|Burbank]]"—cast and guests. A tongue-in-cheek reference to the Los Angeles suburb in which the NBC studios were located and where the show was filmed. The same phrase was frequently used by Johnny Carson on ''The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson''.
*"Here come de Judge!"—this Pigmeat Markham sing-song phrase was brought to the show by Sammy Davis Jr. in season 1. He wore an American judge's robe with a British judge's white wig and had a new rhyme with each appearance. Used primarily in Seasons 1–3.
*"Verrry in-te-res-ting."—done in a thick German accent by Wolfgang (Johnson) the soldier.
*"Blow in my/his/her ear and I/he/she will follow you anywhere."—cast and guests.
*"One ringy-dingy ... two ringy-dingys ..."—used solely by Ernestine (Lily Tomlin), the obnoxious telephone operator. She would mimic the rings while waiting for someone to pick up the receiver.
*"A gracious good afternoon. This is Miss Tomlin of the telephone company. Have I reached the party to whom I am speaking?"—Ernestine's greeting to people she would call. She always mispronounced the names of famous people, such as: [[Gore Vidal]], who was "Mr. Veedle" or "Gory", [[William F. Buckley]] was "Mr. F'buckley", [[Richard Nixon]] was simply "Milhous".
*"I just wanna swing!"—Gladys Ormphby's catchphrase.
*"Ring my chimes!"—Flip Wilson.
*"Was that another chicken joke?" –- Jo Anne Worley's outraged cry. A spoof of people's complaints about [[Polish joke]]s.
*"Think about it"—used by cast members after a pun, especially one that stumped the censors.
*"Now, that's a no-no!"—cast and guests.
*"And that's the truth – PFFFFT!"—Edith Ann.
*"Go to your room!" -– cast members and guests. Used as a response to a particularly bad joke.
*"Want a [[Walnetto]]?"—a pickup line first used by Tryone on Gladys. (Anything he said to her resulted in a purse drubbing.)
*"Oh... ''that'' [[Henny Youngman]]!" -– preceded by cast members quoting a series of his punchlines in succession, but without the jokes leading up to them.
*"He pushed me!" –- usually said by Sues when another cast member would bump him.
*"[[Marshall McLuhan]], what are you doin{{'"}} –- uttered by Gibson randomly between sketches.
*"How does that grab you?" and "BORRRRING!!!"—loudly sung by Jo Anne Worley.
*"I/he/she am/is/was was a much better person for that." –- cast and guests.
*"Well, I'll drink to that", "I did not know that!", "Whatever turns you on" –- Dick Martin.
*"Goodnight, Lucy." -– During the first three seasons, Laugh-In was scheduled opposite Lucille Ball's third television series, ''[[Here's Lucy]].'' At the end of the show, one or more cast members would say, "Goodnight, Lucy."
*"Goodnight, Dick." –- the closing portion of each episode of Seasons 1 and 2 which began with the cast and celebrities taking turns saying "Goodnight, Dick!". Occasionally, one of the celebrities would say "Who's Dick?". This [[shtick]] was revived in the 6th season, usually after the end credits.
*"Gotcha!"—cast and guests.
*"Wr-r-r-ong!" –- uttered first by [[Otto Preminger]] in a cameo. Subsequent cameo actors would repeat the line, mimicking Preminger's delivery of it.
*"I think I've got it too." –- running gag where the person would say this and start scratching themselves as if they caught a skin disease.
*"That's not funny"—cast members and guests.
*"Wacker." –- a surname that was frequently used in sketches beginning in Season 2. It originated after [[Bobby Darin]] had done a skit with Martin and proceeded to call him 'Wacker' throughout the rest of the episode.
*"Foonman" - another surname frequently used in skits after Season 4.
*"[[I've Got a Secret]]" (paying homage to the game show) -- a running gag during the first two seasons. Celebrities made cameos claiming to be a celebrity of the opposite gender then state, "...and I've REALLY got a secret!".
*"Morgul the Friendly Drelb" –- a pink [[Abominable Snowman]]-like character that was introduced in the second episode. It bombed so badly that his name was used in various announcements by Owens for the rest of the series. The name was usually used after the introduction of the cast - "Yours truly, Gary Owens, and Morgul as the Friendly Drelb!"
==Merchandise tie-ins and spin-offs==
[[File:1969 Pontiac GTO Judge (6983728893).jpg|thumb|[[Pontiac GTO#Laugh-In Judge|1969 Pontiac GTO "The Judge"]]]]
A chain of Laugh-In restaurants opened in several states during 1968–69; primarily in Michigan, Ohio and Florida. Psychedelically-themed like the show, they offered such menu items as Bippy Burgers, Is That A Chicken Joke Chicken, Fickle Finger Of Fate Fries, Beautiful Downtown Burbank Burgers, Fickle Finger Franks, Verrrry Interesting Sandwiches, I'll Drink To That beverages, Sock It To Me soups, Laugh-In Fortune Cookies and Here Come Da Fudge sundaes. Staff often rode around on red tricycles wearing yellow raincoats and hats. All locations were closed by the mid-1970s. Menus, French fry bags, sandwich wraps, napkins, salt and pepper shakers and other memorabilia are still sold on EBay.
A humor magazine tie-in, ''Laugh-In Magazine'', was published for one year (12 issues: October 1968 through October 1969—no issue was published December 1968), and a 1968-1972 syndicated<ref name="Apeldoorn/Doty">{{cite web |last1=Apeldoorn |first1=Ger |author1-link=:nl:Ger Apeldoorn |title=A Lot Of Doty |url=https://allthingsger.blogspot.com/2015/03/a-lot-of-doty.html |website=all things ger: The Fabulous Fifties |access-date=1 December 2024 |date=24 March 2015}}</ref> Sundays and daily newspaper comic strip was drawn, without [[Personality rights|actors likeness]], by [[Roy Doty]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lambiek.net/artists/d/doty_roy.htm|title=Roy Doty|website=lambiek.net|access-date=October 15, 2020}}</ref> and eventually collected for a paperback reprint.<ref name="osu/cartoons/Laugh in">{{cite web |title=Roy Doty. 1968. Laugh in. |url=https://library.osu.edu/finding-aids/cartoons/sfaca/pdfs/101-200/0133.pdf |website=library.osu.edu › finding-aids › cartoons › sfaca}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Doty |first1=Roy |author1-link=Roy Doty |title=Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In #2: Mod, Mod World |date=1969 |publisher=[[Signet Books]] |___location=New York City |quote=Signet T3845}}</ref><ref name="Drelb/Laugh-In #1">{{cite book |author1=Morgul the Friendly Drelb |title=Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In #1 |date=1969 |publisher=[[Signet Books]] |___location=New York City |quote=Signet T3844}}</ref>
The ''Laugh-In'' trading cards from [[Topps]] had a variety of items, such as a card with a caricature of Jo Anne Worley with a large open mouth. With a die-cut hole, the card became interactive; a finger could be inserted through the hole to simulate Worley's tongue. Little doors opened on Joke Wall cards to display punchlines.
On ''[[Letters to Laugh-In]]'', a short-lived spin-off daytime show hosted by Gary Owens, cast members read jokes sent in by viewers, which were scored by applause meter. The eventual winning joke was read by actress Jill St. John: "What do you get when you cross an elephant with a jar of peanut butter? A 500 pound sandwich that sticks to the roof of your mouth!"
A cross-promotional episode of ''[[I Dream of Jeannie]]'' ("The Biggest Star in Hollywood", February 1969) features Judy Carne, Arte Johnson, Gary Owens, and producer George Schlatter playing themselves in a story about Jeannie being sought after to appear on ''Laugh-In''.
In 1969, a ''Laugh-In'' [[View-Master]] packet was issued by [[GAF Materials Corporation|General Aniline and Film]] (GAF); The packet featured 21 3D images from the show.<ref>{{cite book|title=Catalog of Copyright Entries. Third Series: 1969: July-December|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vy4hAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA1969|year=1972|via=Google books|page=1969}}</ref>
The horror spoof film ''[[The Maltese Bippy]]'' (1969,) starring Dan Rowan and Dick Martin as low-budget moviemakers, was loosely related to the series. Pamela Rodgers was the only ''Laugh-In'' cast member to co-star in the film. The film received only a token release by [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]—it never even appeared in many key cities—and its disappointing performance resulted in no further Rowan & Martin films.
In 1969, the [[Pontiac GTO#Laugh-In Judge|1969 Pontiac GTO 2 Door Hardtop "The Judge"]] was an options package: rear spoiler, striped body paint and "The Judge" decals, and engines: 366 hp Ram Air III, or 370 hp Ram Air IV.<ref>{{cite web |title=1969 Pontiac GTO 2 Door Hardtop "The Judge" |url=https://www.audrainautomuseum.org/american-muscle/1969-pontiac-gto-2-door-hardtop-the-judge |website=Audrain Auto Museum |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=GTO Judge - All Rise |url=https://www.hotrod.com/features/gto-judge-all-rise-november-1987-982-1308-82-1/ |access-date=1 December 2024 |work=[[Hot Rod Magazine]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Pontiac GTO Judge - A Historical Look at a Great Muscle Car |url=https://collectorsautosupply.com/blog/the-pontiac-gto-judge-a-historical-look-at-a-great-muscle-car/ |website=Collectors Auto Supply |access-date=1 December 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
In 1969, [[Sears, Roebuck and Company]] produced a 15-minute short, ''Freeze-In'', which starred series regulars Judy Carne and Arte Johnson. Made to capitalize on the popularity of the series, the short was made for Sears salesmen to introduce the new [[Kenmore Appliances|Kenmore]] freezer campaign. A dancing, bikini-clad Carne provided the opening titles with tattoos on her body.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/freeze_in|title=Internet Archive: Details: Freeze-In|access-date=October 15, 2020|work=Archive.org|year=1969}}</ref>
Two LPs of material from the show were released: the first on [[Epic Records]] (FXS-15118, 1968); the second, which did not feature Rowan or Martin, was entitled ''Laugh-In '69'' and released on [[Reprise Records]] (RS 6335, 1969).
"Murder on High C", a 1975 episode of the TV series ''[[Get Christie Love!]]'', which starred former cast member Teresa Graves, featured a number of other ''Laugh-In'' cast members, including the villain (Arte Johnson), Johnny Brown, Judy Carne, Henry Gibson, Gary Owens and Joanne Worley.
===DVD releases===
On June 24, 2003, and then February 24, 2004, [[Rhino Entertainment Company]] (under its ''Rhino Retrovision'' classic TV entertainment brand), under license from the rightsholder at the time, [[SFM Entertainment]], released two respective ''The Best Of'' releases of the show, each containing six episodes presented in its original, uncut broadcast version. In 2003, Rhino, through [[direct-response marketing]] firm [[Guthy-Renker]], also released a series of DVDs subtitled ''The Sock-It-To-Me Collection'', with each DVD containing two episodes.
On June 19, 2017, [[Time Life]], another direct-response marketer, released ''Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In: The Complete Series'' on DVD in Region 1, in a deal with current rightsholder Proven Entertainment.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tvshowsondvd.com/offline.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902225538/http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Rowan-Martins-Laugh-In-The-Complete-Series/23278|url-status=dead|title=TV Shows On DVD- Goodbye|archive-date=September 2, 2017|website=www.tvshowsondvd.com}}</ref> The 38-disc set contains all 140 episodes of the series, complete and uncut, restored and remastered as well as many bonus features and a special 32-page collector's book.
On September 5, 2017, Time Life began releasing individual complete season sets on DVD, beginning with the first season.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/offline.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902223147/http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Rowan-Martins-Laugh-In-Season-1-Press-Release/23526|url-status=dead|title=TV Shows On DVD- Goodbye|archive-date=September 2, 2017|website=www.tvshowsondvd.com}}</ref> This was followed by the second season on January 9, 2018,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/offline.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101135822/http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Rowan-Martins-Laugh-In-Season-2/23752|url-status=dead|title=TV Shows On DVD- Goodbye|archive-date=January 1, 2018|website=www.tvshowsondvd.com}}</ref> and the third season on March 6, 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/offline.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101135700/http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Rowan-Martins-Laugh-In-Season-3/23892|url-status=dead|title=TV Shows On DVD- Goodbye|archive-date=January 1, 2018|website=www.tvshowsondvd.com}}</ref> The fourth season was released on May 8, 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tvshowsondvd.com/offline.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207122403/http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Rowan-Martins-Laugh-In-season-4-announced/23975|url-status=dead|title=TV Shows On DVD- Goodbye|archive-date=February 7, 2018|website=www.tvshowsondvd.com}}</ref> Season 5 was released on July 10, 2018. Finally, Season 6 was released on September 4, 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07FHWV6Q2/|title=Rowan & Martin'S Laugh-In – Complete Sixth Season|website=[[Amazon.com]]|date=September 4, 2018|access-date=October 15, 2020}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"
|-
!DVD Name
!Ep #
!Release Date
|-
|The Complete First Season
|style="text-align:center;"|14
|September 5, 2017
|-
|The Complete Second Season
|style="text-align:center;"|26
|January 9, 2018
|-
|The Complete Third Season
|style="text-align:center;"|26
|March 6, 2018
|-
|The Complete Fourth Season
|style="text-align:center;"|26
|May 8, 2018
|-
|The Complete Fifth Season
|style="text-align:center;"|24
|July 10, 2018
|-
|The Complete Sixth Season
|style="text-align:center;"|24
|September 4, 2018
|-
|The Complete Series
|style="text-align:center;"|140
|June 19, 2017
|}
==Ratings==
TV season, ranking, average viewers per episode
*1967–1968: #21 (21.3)<ref>[https://classictvguide.com/tvratings/1967.htm 1967 ratings].</ref>
*1968–1969: #1 (31.8)<ref>[https://classictvguide.com/tvratings/1968.htm 1968 ratings].</ref>
*1969–1970: #1 (26.3)<ref>[https://classictvguide.com/tvratings/1969.htm 1969 ratings].</ref>
*1970–1971: #13 (22.4)<ref>[https://classictvguide.com/tvratings/1970.htm 1970 ratings].</ref>
*1971–1972: #22 (21.4)<ref>[https://classictvguide.com/tvratings/1971.htm 1971 ratings].</ref>
*1972–1973: #51 (16.7)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thetvratingsguide.com/2020/02/1972-73-ratings-history.html|title=The TV Ratings Guide: 1972-73 Ratings History}}</ref>
==Revival==
In 1977, Schlatter and NBC briefly revived the property as a series of specials – titled simply ''Laugh-In'' – with a new cast. The standout was a then-unknown [[Robin Williams]], whose starring role on ABC's ''[[Mork & Mindy]]'' one year later prompted NBC to rerun the specials as a summer series in 1979. Also featured were [[Wayland Flowers and Madame]] (as well as his other puppet, "Jiffy"), former child [[Evangelism|evangelist]] [[Marjoe Gortner]], former ''Barney Miller'' actress [[June Gable]], ''Good Times'' actor [[Ben Powers]], [[Bill Rafferty]] of ''Real People'' and comedian [[Ed Bluestone]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Vanocur |first=Sander |title=The Son Of 'Laugh-In' |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1977/05/25/the-son-of-laugh-in/b5cffe1d-ded1-4164-b189-e17a234087b3/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |___location=Washington, D.C., United States |date=May 25, 1977 |access-date=April 2, 2022}}</ref> [[Barry Goldwater]] appeared in three episodes.<ref>{{IMDb name|nm0326400|Barry Goldwater}}</ref> Rowan and Martin, who owned part of the ''Laugh-In'' franchise, were not involved in this project. They sued Schlatter for using the format without their permission, and won a judgment of $4.6 million in 1980.
In 1987, [[George Schlatter]] attempted a revival of the program called ''George Schlatter's Comedy Club'', the weekly half-hour program that appeared in syndication through [[King World Productions]] during the 1987-1988 television season. Featuring stand-up comedy routines alongside quick comedy sketches similar to ''Laugh-In'', the series was hosted by Schlatter himself.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gelman |first=Morrie |date=September 9, 1987 |title='Laugh-In' Creator Schlatter Tries Reworking Click Comedy Format For New Weekly Syndie Series |page=44 |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref>
In 2019, Netflix produced a special tribute to the original series entitled, ''Still Laugh-In: The Stars Celebrate''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vulture.com/2019/05/trailer-netflixs-still-laugh-in-the-stars-celebrate.html|title=Check Out the Star-studded Trailer for Netflix's ''Laugh-In'' Tribute|author=Wright, Meg|date=May 9, 2019|work=Vulture|access-date=October 15, 2020}}</ref> Tomlin, Buzzi and Worley appeared in the special.
== Retrospective criticism==
Critics' views in retrospect, while noting that the show was groundbreaking and unique, have also indicated that it has not aged well.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Change of Subject: The truth about 'Laugh-In' -- it isn't funny |url=https://blogs.chicagotribune.com/news_columnists_ezorn/2008/05/the-truth-about.html |access-date=March 16, 2023 |website=blogs.chicagotribune.com}}</ref> Various aspects of the show are now recognized as being racist in current times and other portrayals stereotyped gay people and women.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 13, 2012 |title=Nixon gets socked in Laugh-In's most famous, and influential, five seconds |url=https://www.avclub.com/nixon-gets-socked-in-laugh-in-s-most-famous-and-influe-1798233570 |access-date=March 16, 2023 |website=The A.V. Club |language=en}}</ref>
While the show included Black actors and made occasional comments on racism, at the same time the show also featured White actors portraying Asian people in "yellowface" and offensive portrayals of Native Americans.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 14, 2019 |title='Still Laugh-In' Netflix Review: Stream It or Skip It? |url=https://decider.com/2019/05/14/still-laugh-in-netflix-review-stream-it-or-skip-it/ |access-date=March 16, 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref>
The show's humor was generally appreciated at the time and some skits and jokes were even quite progressive; however, other aspects are often not seen as humorous in the context of modern day standards.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 22, 2017 |title=Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In |url=https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/shows/rowan-martins-laugh-in |access-date=March 16, 2023 |website=[[Television Academy Interviews]] |language=en}}</ref>
==Awards and honors==
'''Emmy Awards'''
*Won:
**1968: Outstanding Musical or Variety Program, George Schlatter (for the September 9, 1967, special)
**1968: Outstanding Musical or Variety Series, George Schlatter
**1968: Outstanding Writing Achievement in Music or Variety, Chris Bearde, Phil Hahn, Jack Hanrahan, Coslough Johnson, Paul Keyes, Marc London, Allan Manings, David Panich, Hugh Wedlock Jr., Digby Wolfe
**1968: Outstanding Individual Achievement in Electronic Production – Arthur Schneider (tape editor)
**1969: Outstanding Musical or Variety Series – Paul Keyes (producer), Carolyn Raskin (producer), Dick Martin (star), Dan Rowan (star)
**1969: Special Classification Achievements – Individuals (Variety Performances), Arte Johnson
**1971: Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Variety or Music, Mark Warren (episode #4.7 with Orson Welles)
*Nominated:
**1968: Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Variety or Music, Bill Foster (pilot episode)
**1968 Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Variety or Music, Gordon Wiles
**1968: Outstanding Writing Achievement in Music or Variety, – Larry Hovis, Paul Keyes, Jim Mulligan, David Panich, George Schlatter, Digby Wolfe (pilot episode)
**1969: Special Classification Achievements – Individuals (Variety Performances), Ruth Buzzi
**1969: Special Classification Achievements – Individuals (Variety Performances), Goldie Hawn
**1969: Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Comedy, Variety or Music – Gordon Wiles (For episode on February 3, 1969)
**1969: Outstanding Writing Achievement in Comedy, Variety or Music – various writers (For episode on February 3, 1969)
**1969: Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music – Billy Barnes (special material)
**1969: Special Classification Achievements – Individuals (Variety Performances) – Ruth Buzzi
**1969: Special Classification Achievements – Individuals (Variety Performances) – Goldie Hawn
**1969: Outstanding Achievement in Art Direction and Scenic Design – Ken Johnson
**1969: Outstanding Individual Achievement in Electronic Production – John Teele and Bruce Verran (video tape editors)
**1969: Outstanding Individual Achievement in Electronic Production – Arthur Schneider (tape editor)
**1970: Outstanding Variety or Musical Series – George Schlatter (executive producer), Carolyn Raskin (producer), Paul Keyes (producer), Dan Rowan (star), Dick Martin (star)
**1970: Outstanding Writing Achievement in Comedy, Variety or Music – various writers (For episode on November 3, 1969, with Buddy Hackett)
**1970: Outstanding Writing Achievement in Comedy, Variety or Music – various writers (For episode on December 20, 1969, with Nancy Sinatra)
**1970: Special Classification of Outstanding Program and Individual Achievement – Individuals, Goldie Hawn
**1970: Special Classification of Outstanding Program and Individual Achievement – Individuals, Arte Johnson
**1970: Outstanding Achievement in Music, Lyrics and Special Material – Billy Barnes (composer) (For episode with Carol Channing)
**1970: Outstanding Achievement in Costume Design – Michael Travis
**1971: Outstanding Variety Series, Musical – George Schlatter (executive producer), Carolyn Raskin (producer), Paul Keyes (producer), Dan Rowan (star), Dick Martin (star)
**1971: Special Classification of Outstanding Program and Individual Achievement – Individuals – Arte Johnson
**1971: Special Classification of Outstanding Program and Individual Achievement – Individuals – Lily Tomlin
**1971: Outstanding Achievement in Technical Direction and Electronic Camerawork – Marvin Ault (cameraman), Ray Figelski (cameraman), Louis Fusari (technical director), Jon Olson (cameraman), Tony Yarlett (cameraman)
**1972: Outstanding Achievement by a Performer in Music or Variety, Ruth Buzzi
**1972: Outstanding Achievement by a Performer in Music or Variety, Lily Tomlin
**1972: Outstanding Achievement in Music, Lyrics and Special Material – Billy Barnes (For episode with Liza Minnelli)
**1973: Outstanding Achievement by a Supporting Performer in Music or Variety – Lily Tomlin
**1978: Outstanding Continuing or Single Performance by a Supporting Actress in Variety or Music, [[Bea Arthur]] (for episode on October 25, 1977)
**1978: Outstanding Achievement in Video Tape Editing for a Series – Ed. J. Brennan (editor) (For show #February 6–8, 1978)
'''Golden Globe Award'''
*Won:
**1973: Best Supporting Actress – Television, Ruth Buzzi
**1969: Best TV Show
*Nominated:
**1972: Best Supporting Actress – Television, Lily Tomlin
**1971: Best Supporting Actor – Television, Henry Gibson
**1970: Best TV Show – Musical/Comedy
**1968: Best TV Show
==International and American re-broadcasts==
*{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} The first four seasons were broadcast on [[BBC Two|BBC2]] from January 1969 to November 1971.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/guide/articles/r/rowanandmartinsl_7775545.shtml |title=BBC - Comedy Guide - Rowan And Martin's Laugh-In |date=December 30, 2004 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041230090609/http://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/guide/articles/r/rowanandmartinsl_7775545.shtml |archive-date=December 30, 2004 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Some episodes from seasons 1, 2 and 3 were retransmitted during late 1983 and early 1984. Early broadcasts had to be shown with a black border, as technology was not available to render the 525-line [[NTSC]] video recording as a full-screen 625-line [[PAL]] picture. This issue was fixed for later broadcasts.
*{{flagicon|Ireland}} The series was broadcast on [[RTÉ One]].
*{{flagicon|Australia}} The series originally aired on the [[Network Ten|0-10 Network]] in the 1960s and 1970s. It later appeared in re-runs on the [[Seven Network]] in the early 1980s.
*{{flagicon|Canada}} [[CTV Television Network|CTV]] aired the series at the same time as the NBC run.{{citation needed|date=October 2019}}<!-- A CBC print ad from 1971 featured Laugh-In on its weekend schedule. -->
1983 saw the first 70 one-hour shows syndicated to broadcast stations (the pilot, first three seasons and the first four episodes of season 4). Alternate recut half-hour shows (seasons 1–5, not including the pilot) were syndicated through [[Lorimar Television]] to local stations in 1983 and later on [[Nick at Nite]] in 1987 through August 1990.
The [[Vivendi Universal]]-owned popular arts/pop culture entertainment cable network [[Trio (TV network)|Trio]] started airing the show in its original one-hour form in the early 2000s; the same abbreviated 70 episode package was run.
In September 2016, digital sub-network [[Decades (TV network)|Decades]] started airing the show twice a day in its original one-hour format, complete with the NBC Peacock opening and 'snake' closing. The entire 6 season run was supplied by Proven Entertainment.
In 2018, the original series became available in full on [[Amazon Prime Video]].
In 2020, the partially complete series became available on-demand on [[Tubi]].
{{As of|2023}}, four episodes air per weeknight on the [[Z Living]] channel.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In}}
*{{YouTube|channel=UCEK8vZlzR1tPg2WOlZ59r8w}}
*[https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/shows/rowan-martins-laugh-in Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In] - [[Television Academy Interviews]]
*[https://laughterlog.com/2023/01/09/rowan-martins-laugh-in/ ''Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In'' Guide to broadcasts, books, and audio] at ''laughterlog.com''
*{{IMDb title|0062601}}
*[http://vault.fbi.gov/Rowan%20and%20Martins%20Laugh-In%20TV%20Show ''Rowan and Martins Laugh-In'' TV Show] [[FBI]] files [[Freedom of Information Act (United States)|FOIA]] Library
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