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{{short description|Greek male given name}}
{{disambig}}
'''Dosetai''' is a Hebraized form of the [[Greek language|Greek]] [[given name]] [[Dositheus]] meaning "gift of God". It was extremely popular in late classical [[Judea]] and among [[JewishJew]]ish communities in Egypt, and corresponds to the Hebrew ''"Mattaniah"'' or ''"Nethaneel,"'' which seems to have been a favorite one both in Palestine and in [[Alexandria (]].<ref>Josephus, "Ant." xiii.''Antiquities'' 13:9, § 2; xiv. 14:10, § 18; xv. 15:6, § 2). It has been borne by the following:</ref>
 
It has been borne by the following:
'''Dosetai''' is a [[Greek language|Greek]] [[given name]] meaning "gift of God". It was extremely popular in late classical [[Judea]] and among [[Jewish]] communities in Egypt, and corresponds to the Hebrew ''"Mattaniah"'' or ''"Nethaneel,"'' which seems to have been a favorite one both in Palestine and in Alexandria (Josephus, "Ant." xiii. 9, § 2; xiv. 10, § 18; xv. 6, § 2). It has been borne by the following:
 
==''[[Tannaim]]'' - Mishnah rabbis==
*'''Dosetai of [[Kefar-Yatma]]''', a pupil of [[Shammai]] ('Orlah ii. 5).
===Dosetai of Kefar Yatma===
*'''Dosetai b. Matun''', a [[tanna]]ite mentioned in a [[Baraita]] (Ber. 7b; Meg. 6b) as the author of a [[haggad]]a sentence, which in another place (Derek Ereẓ, ii.) is ascribed to '''Dosetai b. Judah'''. According to Yoma 30b, an [[amora]], also named '''Dosetai b. Matun''', handed down a sentence of Johanan's; but the correct reading is ''"Justai b. Matun,"'' which is found in the parallel passage, Zeb. 99a, and is confirmed by the [[Jerusalem Talmud]] (Yer. B. K. vii. 6a). On [[Abba Jose b. Dosetai]] see Bacher, "Ag. Tan." ii. 388.
A pupil of [[Shammai]]<ref>Mishnah [[Orlah (Mishnayoth)|Orlah]] 2:5</ref> lived in Kefar [[Yatma|Yitma]], east of modern [[Ariel (city)|Ariel]], north of [[Shiloh (Biblical city)|Shiloh]].
 
===Dosetai b. Matun===
*Dosetai, the father of Apotriḳi or Patriḳi. (Ḥul. 64b; compare B. M. 5a). He is perhaps the same Patriḳi or Patriḳ who is mentioned as the brother of Derosa (Yer. Yoma iv. 41d). Dosetai the Elder (Yer. Ned. x. 42b; Yer. Hag. i. 76d), mentioned with a younger Dosetai. He is probably the Dosetai frequently referred to in [[Midrash]]ic literature as having handed down the sentences of [[Samuel b. Naḥman]] and of Levi (Bacher, "Ag. Pal. Amor." i. 488, 492, 503; ii. 431; iii. 695).
*'''DosetaiA b. Matun''', a [[tanna]]ite mentioned in a [[Baraitabaraita]] (Ber.<ref>Berachot 7b; Meg.Megillah 6b)</ref> as the author of aan [[haggadaggadic]]a sentenceteaching, which inelsewhere<ref>Derekh anotherEretz place (Derek Ereẓ, ii.)2</ref> is ascribed to '''Dosetai b. Judah'''. According to Yoma 30b, an [[Amoraim|amora]], also named '''Dosetai b. Matun''', handed down a sentenceteaching of Johanan's; but the correct reading is ''"Justai b. Matun,"'' which is found in the parallel passage, Zeb.Zebachim 99a, and is confirmed by the [[Jerusalem Talmud]] (Yer.<ref>Yerushalmi B.Bava K.Kamma vii.7 6a). On [[Abba Jose b. Dosetai]] see Bacher, "Ag. Tan." ii. 388.</ref>
 
===Abba Jose b. Dosetai===
*Dosetai b. Jannai: Tanna of the latter half of the second century, known especially as having handed down sentences of the tannaim Meïr, Jose b. Ḥalafta, and Eleazar b. Shammu'a. On a journey to Babylon he was ill-treated at [[Nehardea]] by the [[Persian Jews|Jewish-Persian]] authorities, and took revenge by giving a [[satirical]] description of the latter. The account of the affair is preserved in two different versions (Giṭ. 14a, b; Yer. Giṭ. i. 43d; Yer. Ḳid. iii. 64a). Examples of Dosetai's humor are to be found in his answers to his pupils' questions on the differences between man and woman (Niddah 31b), and in his reply to the question why [[Jerusalem]] did not have thermæ like [[Tiberias]]: "If Jerusalem had warm springs," he answered, "the [[pilgrim]]s coming up for the feasts would have dwelt on the pleasures of the baths offered them, instead of considering how best to fulfil the regulations for the pilgrimage" (Pes. 8b). The words of Eccl. xi. 6 ("In the morning sow thy seed," etc.) he explained as a reminder to the farmer to be diligent in his sowing and planting (Ab. R. N. iii.). In another sentence (ib. xi.) he showed how the person who does not work during the six week-days will soon find himself compelled to work on the Sabbath. One of Dosetai's sermons praises [[alms]]giving, interpreting Ps. xvii. 15 thus: "Through [[charity]] shall I see thy face, and enjoy thy sight on awakening" (B. B. 10a).
On Abba Jose b. Dosetai see Bacher, "Ag. Tan." ii. 388.
 
===Dosetai b. Jannai===
*In a later Midrashic legend (Tan., Wayesheb, 2; Pirḳe R. El. xxxviii.) '''Dosetai b. Jannai''' is the name of one of the two teachers sent by the Assyrian king to convert the pagans who had settled in Israel (later on, the [[Samaritan]]s). The name was probably suggested by its similarity to that of the Samaritan sect of the [[Dositheans]] (Bacher, "Ag. Tan." ii. 385-387). Compare [[Dositheus]].
*Dosetai b. Jannai:A Tannatanna of the latterlate half of the second2nd century, known especially as having handed down sentencesteachings of the[[Rabbi tannaim MeïrMeir]], [[Jose b.ben ḤalaftaHalafta]], and Eleazar[[Eleazer b.ben Shammu'aShammua]]. On a journey to BabylonBabylonia he was ill-treated at [[Nehardea]] by the [[Persian Jews|Jewish-Persian]] authorities, and took revenge by giving a [[satirical]] description of the latterthem. The account of the affair is preserved in two different versions (Giṭ.<ref>Gitin 14a, -b; Yer.Yerushalmi Giṭ.Gittin i.1 43d; Yer.Yerushalmi Ḳid.Kiddushin iii.3 64a).</ref> Examples of Dosetai's humor are to be found in his answers to his pupils' questions on the differences between man and woman (,<ref>Niddah 31b),</ref> and in his reply to the question why [[Jerusalem]] did not have [[thermæ]] like [[Tiberias]]: "If Jerusalem had warm springs," he answered, "the [[pilgrim]]s coming up for the feasts would have dwelt on the pleasures of the baths offered them, instead of considering how best to fulfilfulfill the regulations for the pilgrimage" (.<ref>[[Pes.|Pesachim]] 8b).</ref> The words of Eccl. xi.[[Ecclesiastes]] 11:6 ("In the morning sow thy seed," etc.) he explained as a reminder to the farmer to be diligent in his sowing and planting (Ab.<ref>[[Avot R.of N.Rabbi iii.).Natan]] 3</ref> In another sentenceteaching<ref>Avot (ib.of xi.)Rabbi Natan 11</ref> he showed how the person who does not work during the six week-daysweekdays will soon find himself compelled to work on the Sabbath[[Shabbat]]. One of Dosetai's sermons praises [[alms]]giving, interpreting Ps. xvii.Psalms 17:15 thus: "Through [[Charity (virtue)|charity]] shall I see thy face, and enjoy thy sight on awakening" (B.<ref>Bava B.Batra 10a).</ref>
 
===In legend===
*'''Dosetai b. Judah''' was a [[Tanna]] of the latter half of the [[second century CE]]. He was the author of several [[halakhic]] sentences (see B. Ḳ. 83b; Ḳid. 69a, and parallels) and transmitted those of [[Simon b. Joḥai]]. On one occasion Dosetai's opinion was opposed to that of [[Judah ha-Nasi]], the patriarch ('Ar. 30a). Four interpretations of Deut. xxxii. bear his name (Sifre, Deut. 306, 309, 318, 320; comp. Bacher, "Ag. Tan."ii. 390 et seq.).
* In a later Midrashic legend (Tan.,<ref>[[Tanhuma]] Wayesheb,Vayeshev 2; Pirḳe[[Pirkei R.De-Rabbi El.Eliezer]] xxxviii.)38</ref> '''Dosetai b. Jannai''' is the name of one of the two teachers (the other is rabbi Jannai) sent by the Assyrian king to convert the pagans[[pagan]]s who had settled in [[Eretz Israel]] (later on, the [[Samaritan]]s). The name was probably suggested by its similarity to that of the Samaritan sectetc. of the [[Dositheans]] (.<ref>Bacher, "Ag. Tan." ii. 385-387).; Compare [[Dositheos (Samaritan)|Dositheus]].</ref>
 
===Dosetai b. Judah===
*'''Dosetai of [[Biri]]''' was Palestinian amora of the early part of the fourth century. [['Ulla]], a native of Biri in Galilee, once addressed a halakic question to him ('Ab. Zarah 40a). The [[Babylonian Talmud]] contains three interpretations of Scripture from Dosetai's sermons, which were perhaps handed down in the schools of Babylon by 'Ulla, who had come up from Palestine. One of these refers to Num. x. 36 (B. Ḳ. 83a; compare Sifre to Num. lxxxiv., and the Baraita, Yeb. 64a); another, to I Sam. xxii. 1 et seq. ('Er. 45a);, while the third is an original exposition showing how David in Ps. xix. 13 et seq. gradually begs forgiveness for his sins, like a Samaritan pedler unfolding his wares one after the other (Sanh. 107a). Palestinian sources do not mention Dosetai of Biri (Bacher, "Ag. Pal. Amor." iii. 695; Krauss, in "Monatsschrift," xli. 561).
*'''DosetaiA b. Judah''' was a [[Tanna]]tanna of the latterlate half of the [[second2nd century CE]]. He was the authorSeveral of severalhis [[halakhic]] sentencesteachings (seeare Brecorded.<ref>see Ḳ.Bava Kamma 83b; Ḳid.Kiddushin 69a, and parallels)</ref> and he transmitted those of [[SimonShimon b.bar JoḥaiYochai]]. On one occasionOnce Dosetai's opinion was opposed to that of [[Judah ha-Nasi]], the patriarch ('Ar.<ref>Arachin 30a).</ref> Four interpretations of Deut.Deuteronomy xxxii.32 bear his name (.<ref>[[Sifre,]] Deut.Deuteronomy 306, 309, 318, 320; comp.compare Bacher, "Ag. Tan."ii. 390 et seq.).</ref>
 
===Dosetai of Kokaba===
*'''Dosetai of Kokaba''' was aA contemporary of the[[Rabbi tanna MeïrMeir]]. He asked the latterMeir what was meant by the sentenceverse, "The belly of the wicked shall want",<ref>Proverbs (Prov. xiii. 13:25),</ref> and MeïrMeir answered by relating an incident characteristic of the [[paganism|pagan]]'s vain and intemperate love of pleasure (Pesiḳ.<ref>[[Pesikta vi.de-Rav Kahana|Pesikta]] 6 59b; Pesiḳ.[[Pesikta R.Rabbati]] xxvi.26 82b; Midr.[[Midrash Mishle xiii.Mishlei]] 13:25 [where instead of [[Kokaba]], [[Be-Yeshebab]] is mentioned as the home of Dosetai]; Tan.,Tanhuma Pinḥas,Pinchas 13; Num.[[Numbers R.Rabbah]] xxi.).21</ref> According to another version of this story, MeïrMeir was the questioner and Dosetai the narrator. It is unnecessary to assume (compare Oppenheim in Berliner's '"Magazin," i. 68, and Goldberg in "Ha-Maggid," xii. 62) that "Dosetai" is here a generic term, meaning a Dosithean.<ref>see: (Bacher, "Ag. Tan." ii. 32).J.; Sr.compare Oppenheim Win Berliner's '"Magazin," i. B68, and Goldberg in "Ha-Maggid," xii. 62</ref>
 
==''Amora''s - Talmud rabbis in the Land of Israel==
{{JewishEncyclopedia}}
 
===Dosetai===
The father of Apotriki or Patriki,<ref>[[Ḥul.|Hullin]] 64b; compare [[Bava Metzia]] 5a</ref> perhaps the same Patriki or Patrik who is mentioned as the brother of Derosa.<ref>Yerushalmi Yoma 4 41d</ref>
 
===Dosetai the Elder===
*Dosetai, the father of Apotriḳi or Patriḳi. (Ḥul. 64b; compare B. M. 5a). He is perhaps the same Patriḳi or Patriḳ who is mentioned as the brother of Derosa (Yer. Yoma iv. 41d). Dosetai the Elder (<ref>[[Yer.|Yerushalmi]] Ned.Nedarim x.10 42b; Yer.Yerushalmi Hag.Hagigah i.1 76d),</ref> is mentioned with a younger Dosetai. He is probably the Dosetai frequently referred to in [[Midrashmidrash]]ic literature as having handed down the sentencesteachings of [[Samuel b. Naḥman]] and of [[Levi (]].<ref>Bacher, "Ag. Pal. Amor." i. 488, 492, 503; ii. 431; iii. 695).</ref>
 
===Dosetai of Biri===
*'''Dosetai ofAn [[BiriAmoraim|amora]]''' waswho lived Palestinianin amorathe [[Land of the early partIsrael]] of the fourthearly 4th century. [['Ulla (Talmud)|Ulla]], a native of [[Biri, Galilee|Biri]] (thought to be Baram)<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GQ-1OsGWvw8C&q=biri+galilee&pg=PA79 |title=The Missing Century: Palestine in the Fifth Century : Growth and Decline |first=Zeev |last=Safrai |author-link=Ze'ev Safrai |page=79 |date=January 1, 1998 |publisher=[[Peeters (publishing company)|Peeters]] |isbn=978-9068319859 |access-date=May 20, 2016}}</ref> in [[Galilee]], once addressed a halakichalakhic question to him ('Ab.<ref>[[Avodah Zarah]] 40a).</ref> The [[Babylonian Talmud]] contains three interpretations of Scripture from Dosetai's sermons, which were perhaps handed down in the schools of Babylon by 'Ulla, who had come upemigrated from Palestinethe Land of Israel. One of these refers to Num. x.Numbers 10:36;<ref>Bava (B. Ḳ.Kamma 83a; compare [[Sifre]] toNumbers Num. lxxxiv.84, and the [[Baraita]], Yeb.Yevamot 64a);</ref> another, to [[I Sam. xxii.Samuel]] 22:1 et seq. ('Er.;<ref>Eruvin 45a);,</ref> while the third is an original exposition showing how [[David]] (in Ps. xix.Psalms 19:13 et seq.) gradually begs forgiveness for his sins, like a Samaritan pedlerpeddler unfolding his wares one after the other (Sanh.<ref>Sanhedrin 107a).</ref> Palestinian sources do not mention Dosetai of Biri (.<ref>Bacher, "Ag. Pal. Amor." iii. 695; Krauss, in "''[[Monatsschrift für die Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judenthums|Monatsschrift]]''," xli. 561).</ref>
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*{{JewishEncyclopedia|author=[[Marcus Jastrow]] and [[Wilhelm Bacher]]|url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=452&letter=D|article=Dosetai}}
 
{{given name}}
[[Category:Mishnah rabbis]]
[[Category:Talmud rabbis of Syria Palaestina]]
[[Category:Judean people]]