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Line 1: {{Information page}} The various English dictionaries use different and sometimes conflicting [[IPA]] transcriptions for English. For example, the transcription {{IPA\|/i/}} may be used for the vowel of ''sit,'' of ''seat,'' or at the end of ''city.'' A dictionary may not even be consistent between one edition and the next. This table correlates the more widely used dictionaries with the conventions of the [[WP:IPA for English]] key that is used on Wikipedia. The various English dictionaries use different and sometimes conflicting [[International Phonetic Alphabet\|IPA]] transcriptions for English. For example, the transcription {{IPA\|/i/}} may be used for the vowel of ''sit'', of ''seat'', or at the end of ''city''. A dictionary may not even be consistent between one edition and the next. This table correlates the more widely used dictionaries with the conventions of the [[Help:IPA/English\|IPA key that is used on Wikipedia]]. Most dictionaries transcribe a specific dialect or accent, such as the [[Received Pronunciation]] (RP) of the [[Oxford English Dictionary]], or a narrow range of dialects. Wikipedia's ~~[[WP:~~IPA ~~for English]]~~ key, on the other hand, is intended to cover ~~both~~ RP ~~and~~, [[General American]], Australian, and other national standards. As such, Wikipedia transcribes {{IPA\|/r/}} where it is found in rhotic dialects, but also the vowel distinctions found in non-rhotic dialects, without ~~separating~~ distinct UK and US ~~pronunciations~~transcriptions. Specific dialects may also be transcribed—local pronunciations of place names are often useful, for example—but they are normally written in addition to a more universal pronunciation. When entering IPA in an article, please use the {{tl\|IPA}} template so that it is formatted properly on all web browsers. /Slashes/ and [brackets] should be included inside the IPA template, so that they display in the same font as the IPA itself. Also, please use proper stress {{IPA\|ˈ}} and length {{IPA\|ː}} marks (available at the bottom of your edit window) rather than the non-IPA shortcuts of apostrophe {{angbr\|{{!xt\|'}}}} and colon {{angbr\|{{!xt\|:.}}}}; ~~Depending~~depending on the reader's font preferences, the latter can be ambiguous. For a list of those languages other than English which have agreed-upon transcriptions in Wikipedia, see {{tl\|~~IPAhelp~~IPA keys}}. For a comparison of the non-IPA transcriptions found in many US dictionaries, see [[Pronunciation respelling for English]]. ==Alternative pronunciations== When dictionaries give alternative pronunciations, they may mean that people disagree. For example, some people pronounce ''bath'' {{IPA\|/bæθ/}}, with the vowel of ''bat'', while others with the same accent pronounce it {{IPA\|/bɑːθ/}}, with the vowel of ''bra''. This is the kind of difference celebrated in "[[Let's Call the Whole Thing Off\|You like to-may-toes; I like to-mah-toes]]". On Wikipedia, we would normally need to transcribe both, unless only one is considered correct, as may be the case for personal and place names. However, often variant transcriptions reflect distinctions between accents, and these we do not need to transcribe, since our IPA key already covers such distinctions. For example, Merriam-Webster transcribes ''merry'' as "{{IPA\|/ˈmɛri/}}" and ''marry'' as "{{IPA\|/ˈmɛri, ˈmæri/}}". The two transcriptions of ''marry'' are meant to show that some people pronounce it the same as ''merry;'' it does ''not'' mean that there are two pronunciations of ''marry'' among those who either do or do not make this distinction (see [[Mary–marry–merry merger\|''Mary–marry–merry'' merger]]). It would not be possible to have the song lyric "You say ''marry'' and I say ''merry''", because only those people who say those words differently would be able to sing it. Therefore on Wikipedia we would only have one transcription for each: ''merry'' {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|m\|ɛr\|i}}, ''marry'' {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|m\|ær\|i}}. Since the IPA key defines the orthographic conventions of {{IPAc-en\|ɛr}} and {{IPAc-en\|ær}} according to basic English words, readers who do not make the ''marry–merry'' distinction will see {{IPAc-en\|ɛr}} and {{IPAc-en\|ær}} as being equivalent, much as the spelling pronunciations ''YOU-clid'' and ''EWE-clid'' for "Euclid" would be seen as equivalent. ==Consonants== Consonants vary little between dictionaries. The ones which do are those ~~which~~in ~~start~~the words: :''rich, char'' {{IPA\|/r ~ ɹ ~~~ ɻ~~ ~ (r) ~ (ɹ) ~ ∅/}}; :''which,'', {{IPA\|/ʍ ~ hw ~ (h)w ~ w/}}; :and ''new,'', {{IPA\|/~~njuː~~juː ~ ~~nuː~~uː/}}. Wikipedia editors have decided to go with {{~~IPA~~IPAc-en\|~~/ˈrɪtʃ/~~r\|ɪ\|tʃ}}, ~~/ˈhwɪtʃ/~~{{IPAc-en\|tʃ\|ɑːr}}, ~~/njuː/~~{{IPAc-en\|hw\|ɪ\|tʃ}}, {{IPAc-en\|nj\|uː}} for these words. A few dictionaries, such as dictionary.com, use "{{IPA\|/y/}}" for {{IPA\|/j/}}, which is at odds with the official IPA usage, which defines {{IPA\|/y/}} as [[close front rounded vowel\|close front rounded '''vowel''']] (as in French ''tu'' or German ''über''), and appears as such in transcriptions of French and German, as well as some dialects of English. ==Vowels== When dictionaries give alternate pronunciations, they may mean that people disagree. For example, some people pronounce ''bath'' {{IPA\|/ˈbæθ/}}, with the vowel of ''bat,'' while others pronounce it {{IPA\|/ˈbɑːθ/}}, with the vowel of ''bra.'' On Wikipedia, we would normally need to transcribe both. However, often variant transcriptions reflect distinctions between accents, and these we do not need to transcribe, since our IPA key already covers such distinctions. For example, dictionary.com transcribes ''horse'' as "{{IPA\|/hɔrs/}}" and ''hoarse'' as "{{IPA\|/hɔrs, hoʊrs/}}". This is meant to show that some people pronounce ''hoarse'' the same as ''horse;'' it does ''not'' mean that there is disagreement as how to pronounce the word among those who make the distinction. Therefore on Wikipedia the distinct pronunciation would suffice: ''horse'' {{IPA\|/ˈhɔrs/}}, ''hoarse'' {{IPA\|/ˈhɔərs/}}. Since the IPA key defines the conventions {{IPA\|/ɔr/}} and {{IPA\|/ɔər/}} according to basic English words, readers who do not make the distinction will see them as being equivalent, much as the spelling pronunciations ''YOU-clid'' and ''EWE-clid'' for Euclid would be seen as equivalent. The following tables compare the broad IPA pronunciation scheme of some dictionaries to the one used on Wikipedia. The overview is not exhaustive, but major pronouncing dictionaries have been included. Highlight colors: ~~{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"~~ ~~! colspan="4"\| [[Vowel]]s~~ * {{bg\|PaleGreen\|Green}} highlights pronunciation symbols that are the same as on Wikipedia (disregarding a syllable divider when it does not mean a two-syllable pronunciation, but only that the {{IPA\|/r/}} belongs to the next syllable, and disregarding different symbolizations of the syllable divider or of {{IPA\|/r/}}); * {{bg\|LemonChiffon\|yellow}} highlights pronunciation symbols that differ only in the use of the length symbol {{IPA\|⟨ː⟩}}, in parentheses, in superscripts, in non-rhotic dropped {{IPA\|/r/}}, or in inserting an optional sign; * {{bg\|LightPink\|red}} highlights pronunciation symbols that use different signs. Other conventions: * A question mark (?) means that the sound has not been found in the respective dictionary. * A blank cell means that the dictionary has not been checked. * A slash (/) separates variant pronunciations signs. The order of the variant pronunciation symbols is the same as in the source. * Smaller text ({{small\|like so}}) highlights variant pronunciations that are not preferred (only some dictionaries make such a distinction). * A comma (,) separates different pronunciation depending on the word or depending on the region. The differences are explained in a footnote or by broadly specifying the region. ===Checked vowels=== {\| class="wikitable" \|+ [[Checked and free vowels\|Checked vowels]] \|- !colspan="2" rowspan="2"\| [[Help:IPA/English\|WP]] ! IPA !! Traditional [[monophthong]]s !! colspan="2" \| [[R-colored vowel]]s<ref> In [[Rhotic and non-rhotic accents\|non-rhotic accent]]s such as RP, {{IPA\|/r/}} not pronounced unless followed by a vowel. In Wikipedia articles, {{IPA\|/ɪər/}} ''etc.'' are not always distinguished from {{IPA\|/ɪr/}} ''etc.'' When they are, the long vowels may be transcribed {{IPA\|/iːr/}} ''etc.'' by analogy with vowels not followed by {{IPA\|/r/}}.</ref> !rowspan="2"\| example<br>word !rowspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>1930 !colspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>2003 !colspan="2"\| [[Longman Pronunciation Dictionary\|Longman]] !colspan="2"\| [[Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary\|OALD]] !rowspan="2"\| [[OED]]2 !colspan="2"\| [[Dictionary.com\|dict]] !rowspan="2"\| [[SOED]] !colspan="2"\| OED3 !colspan="2"\| [[Kenyon and Knott\|K&K]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Macquarie Dictionary\|Mac]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Jack Windsor Lewis\|WL]] !rowspan="2"\| [http://seas3.elte.hu/cube/ CUBE] \|- !title="EPD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|æ}}</big>~~ !title="EPD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) ~~\| align=left\|b'''a'''t, b'''a'''d, sh'''a'''ll, b'''a'''n~~ !title="Longman BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ær}}</big>~~ !title="Longman AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) ~~\| align=left\|b'''arr'''ow, m'''arr'''y~~ !title="OALD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OALD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="dict BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="dict AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OED3 BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OED3 AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="K&K GA"\| ([[General American\|GA]]) !title="K&K ES"\| ([[Rhoticity in English\|{{abbr\|ES\|Eastern and Southern American English}}]]) \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|æ}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɑː}}</big>~~ \| tr'''a'''p ~~\| align=left\|b'''a'''lm, f'''a'''ther, br'''a'''~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɑr}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ ~~\| align=left\|b'''ar''', m'''ar''', p'''ar'''ty, st'''arr'''ing ({{IPA\|/ɑːr./}})~~ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| a \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| a \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ<!--Macquarie does not indicate the bad-lad split--> \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| æ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| a \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|ær}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɒ}}</big>~~ !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| align=left\|b'''o'''t, p'''o'''d, J'''oh'''n, d'''o'''ll<ref>/{{IPA\|ɒ}}/ is not distinguished from {{IPA\|/ɑː/}} in dialects with the [[Phonological history of English low back vowels\|father-bother merger]] such as GenAm.</ref> \| c'''a'''rry ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɒr}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær ~~\| align=left\|m'''or'''al, f'''or'''age~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ær}} \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ar \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ar \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ær \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɹ \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɛ}} ~~\| <big> {{IPA\|ɔː}}~~ \| dr'''e'''ss \| align=left \|b'''aw'''d, c'''augh'''t, d'''aw'''n, b'''a'''ll, str'''aw'''<ref>/{{IPA\|ɔː}}/ is not distinguished from {{IPA\|/ɑː/}} (except before {{IPA\|/r/}}) in dialects with the [[Phonological history of English low back vowels\|cot-caught merger]] such as some varieties of GenAm.</ref> \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| e ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɔr}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| e ~~\| align=left\|b'''or'''n, f'''or''', '''aur'''al ({{IPA\|/ɔːr./}})~~ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| e \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| e \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| e \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| e \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| e \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| e \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|ɛr}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|oʊ}}</big>~~ !title="before a vowel"\| _V ~~\| align=left\|c'''o'''de, b'''oa'''t, g'''oa'''l, b'''o'''ne, g'''o'''<ref>Commonly transcribed {{IPA\|/əʊ/}} or {{IPA\|/oː/}}.</ref>~~ \| m'''e'''rry ~~\|<big> {{IPA\|ɔər}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \| align=left\|b'''oar''', f'''our''', m'''ore''', '''or'''al ({{IPA\|/oʊr./}})<ref>/{{IPA\|ɔər}}/ is not distinguished from {{IPA\|/ɔr/}} in dialects with the [[English-language vowel changes before historic r\|horse-hoarse merger]], which include most dialects of modern English.</ref> \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛr \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛr \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛr \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛr \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛr \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛr \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛɹ \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɪ}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ʊ}}</big>~~ \| k'''i'''t ~~\| align=left\|g'''oo'''d, f'''oo'''t, p'''u'''ll, S'''u'''nni~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| i ~~\|rowspan="2" \|<big> {{IPA\|ʊər}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|rowspan="2" align=left\|b'''oor''', m'''oor''', t'''our'''ist ({{IPA\|/uːr./}})<ref>/{{IPA\|ʊər}}/ is not distinguished from {{IPA\|/ɔr/}} in dialects with the [[English-language vowel changes before historic r\|pour-poor merger]], including many younger speakers.</ref> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|ɪr}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|uː}}</big>~~ !title="before a vowel"\| _V ~~\| align=left\|f'''oo'''d, l'''u'''te, f'''oo'''l, s'''oo'''n, bl'''u'''e~~ \| m'''irr'''or \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ir \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪr \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪɹ \|- ~~\| rowspan~~!colspan="2"\| ~~\|<big>~~{{~~IPA~~IPAc-en\|ʌɒ}}~~</big>~~ \| l'''o'''t \| rowspan="2" align=left\|b'''u'''d, b'''u'''t, d'''u'''ll, g'''u'''n<ref>This phoneme is not used in the northern half of England and some bordering parts of Wales. These words would take the {{IPA\|ʊ}} vowel: there is no [[Phonological history of English high back vowels\|foot-strut split]].</ref> \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔ ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ʌr}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒ ~~\| align=left\|h'''urr'''y, M'''urr'''ay~~ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑː \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑː \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑː \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒ \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| o \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|ɒr}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɜr}}</big>~~ !title="before a vowel"\| _V ~~\| align=left\|b'''ir'''d, m'''yrrh''', f'''urr'''y (also {{IPA\|/ɝː/}})<ref name=rhoticschwa>In some articles these are transcribed {{IPA\|/ɝː/}} and {{IPA\|/ɚ/}} when not followed by a vowel.</ref>~~ \| f'''or'''age \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔr \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒr \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒr \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔːr/{{small\|ɑː}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒr \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒr \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒr \|title="dict AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔr/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ɒr}} \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒr \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔr/ɑr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔr/ɑr/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ɒr}} \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔr/ɑr/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ɒr}} \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɒr \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| or,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: {{bg\|LightPink\|ɔr}} \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɹ \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ʊ}} ~~\| <big>{{IPA\|ɛ}}</big>~~ \| f'''oo'''t ~~\| align=left\|b'''e'''d, p'''e'''t, b'''e'''ll, m'''e'''n~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| u ~~\|<big> {{IPA\|ɛr}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ ~~\| align=left\|b'''err'''y, m'''err'''y~~ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ᴜ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ᴜ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɵ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|ʊr}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|eɪ}}</big>~~ !title="before a vowel"\| _V ~~\| align=left\|f'''a'''de, f'''a'''te, f'''ai'''l, v'''ei'''n, p'''ay'''~~ \| c'''our'''ier ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɛər}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ur ~~\| align=left\|b'''ear''', m'''are''', M'''ar'''y ({{IPA\|/eɪr./}})~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr/{{small\|{{bg\|LightPinkʊər/ʌr}}}} \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝː/{{small\|{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ʊr}}}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr/{{bg\|LightPink\|ʊər}} \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊər \|title="dict AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɜr/ʊər \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr/{{bg\|LightPink\|ʌr/ʊər}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr/{{bg\|LightPink\|ər}} \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ᴜr/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɝ}} \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ᴜr/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɜr/ʌr/ɝ}} \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊr,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: ʊr/{{bg\|LightPink\|{{small\|ɜ}}}} \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɵɹ \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ʌ}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɪ}}</big>~~ \| str'''u'''t ~~\| align=left\|b'''i'''d, p'''i'''t, b'''i'''ll, b'''i'''n~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɪr}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ ~~\| align=left\|m'''irr'''or~~ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ə \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|ʌr}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|iː}}</big>~~ !title="before a vowel"\| _V ~~\| align=left\|b'''ea'''d, p'''ea'''t, f'''ee'''l, m'''ea'''n, s'''ea'''~~ \| h'''urr'''y ~~\| <big>{{IPA\|ɪər}}~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr ~~\| align=left \| b'''eer''', m'''ere''', s'''er'''ious ({{IPA\|/iːr./}})~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝː \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɜːr \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr \|title="dict AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɜr/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ʌr}} \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɜr/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ʌr}}/ɝ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌr,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: {{bg\|LightPink\|ɜ}} \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʌɹ \|- ! colspan="42" rowspan="2"\| ~~Traditional~~ [[~~diphthong~~Help:IPA/English\|WP]]s !rowspan="2"\| example<br>word !rowspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>1930 !colspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>2003 !colspan="2"\| [[Longman Pronunciation Dictionary\|Longman]] !colspan="2"\| [[Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary\|OALD]] !rowspan="2"\| [[OED]]2 !colspan="2"\| [[Dictionary.com\|dict]] !rowspan="2"\| [[SOED]] !colspan="2"\| OED3 !colspan="2"\| [[Kenyon and Knott\|K&K]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Macquarie Dictionary\|Mac]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Jack Windsor Lewis\|WL]] !rowspan="2"\| [http://seas3.elte.hu/cube/ CUBE] \|- !title="EPD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|aɪ}}</big>~~ !title="EPD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) ~~\| align=left\|r'''i'''de, wr'''i'''te, f'''i'''le, f'''i'''ne, p'''ie'''~~ !title="Longman BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɔɪ}}</big>~~ !title="Longman AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) ~~\| align=left\|v'''oi'''d, expl'''oi'''t, f'''oi'''l, c'''oi'''n, b'''oy'''~~ !title="OALD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OALD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="dict BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="dict AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OED3 BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OED3 AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="K&K GA"\| ([[General American\|GA]]) !title="K&K ES"\| ([[Rhoticity in English\|{{abbr\|ES\|Eastern and Southern American English}}]]) \|} {{notelist}} ===Free vowels=== {\| class="wikitable" \|+ [[Checked and free vowels\|Free vowels]] \|- !colspan="2" rowspan="2"\| [[Help:IPA/English\|WP]] ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|aʊ}}</big>~~ !rowspan="2"\| example<br>word ~~\| align=left\|'''ou'''t, l'''ou'''d, '''ow'''l, d'''ow'''n, h'''ow'''~~ !rowspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>1930 ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|juː}}</big>~~ !colspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>2003 \| align=left\|c'''u'''te, h'''ue''', p'''ew''', d'''ew'''<ref>In many dialects, {{IPA\|/juː/}} is pronounced the same as {{IPA\|/uː/}} after "[[coronal consonant\|tongue sounds]]" ({{IPA\|/t/}}, {{IPA\|/d/}}, {{IPA\|/s/}}, {{IPA\|/z/}}, {{IPA\|/n/}}, {{IPA\|/θ/}}, and {{IPA\|/l/}}) in the same syllable, so that ''dew'' {{IPA\|/djuː/}} is pronounced the same as ''do'' {{IPA\|/duː/}}. In other dialects, {{IPA\|/tj/}}, {{IPA\|/dj/}}, {{IPA\|/sj/}} and {{IPA\|/zj/}} are pronounced {{IPA\|/tʃ/}}, {{IPA\|/dʒ/}}, {{IPA\|/ʃ/}} and {{IPA\|/ʒ/}}, so that the first syllable in ''Tuesday'' is pronounced the same as ''choose''.{{cn}}</ref> !colspan="2"\| [[Longman Pronunciation Dictionary\|Longman]] !colspan="2"\| [[Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary\|OALD]] !rowspan="2"\| [[OED]]2 !colspan="2"\| [[Dictionary.com\|dict]] !rowspan="2"\| [[SOED]] !colspan="2"\| OED3 !colspan="2"\| [[Kenyon and Knott\|K&K]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Macquarie Dictionary\|Mac]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Jack Windsor Lewis\|WL]] !rowspan="2"\| [http://seas3.elte.hu/cube/ CUBE] \|- ! ~~colspan~~title="4EPD BE" \| ([[~~Vowel reduction in~~British English\|~~Reduced vowels~~BE]]) !title="EPD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="Longman BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="Longman AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OALD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OALD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="dict BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="dict AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OED3 BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OED3 AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="K&K GA"\| ([[General American\|GA]]) !title="K&K ES"\| ([[Rhoticity in English\|{{abbr\|ES\|Eastern and Southern American English}}]]) \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɑː}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ə}}</big>~~ \| p'''al'''m ~~\| align=left\|Ros'''a'''’s, '''a''' mission~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ən}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː ~~\| align=left\|butt'''on'''~~ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑ \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| a \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑ \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɑːr}} ~~\| <big>{{IPA\|i}}</big>~~ !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| align=left\|happ'''y''', ser'''i'''ous<ref>Pronounced {{IPA\|/iː/}} in dialects with the [[Phonological history of English high front vowels\|happy tensing]], {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in other dialects. British convention used to transcribe it with /ɪ/, but the OED and other influential dictionaries recently converted to /i/.</ref> \| c'''ar''' ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|əm}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː* ~~\| align=left\|rhyth'''m'''~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| a \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑ(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɨ}}</big>, <big>{{IPA\|<s>ɪ</s>}}</big>~~ \| st'''ar'''t \| align=left\|ros'''e'''s, '''e'''mission <ref>Pronounced {{IPA\|[ə]}} in Australian and many US dialects, and {{IPA\|[ɪ]}} in Received Pronunciation. Many speakers freely alternate between a reduced {{IPA\|[ɪ̈]}} and a reduced {{IPA\|[ə]}}. Many phoneticians (vd. Olive & Greenwood 1993:322) and the [[Oxford English Dictionary\|OED]] uses the pseudo-IPA symbol {{IPA\|<s>ɪ</s>}} [http://dictionary.oed.com/help/pronunciation-3e.html], and [[Merriam–Webster]] uses {{IPA\|ə̇}}.</ref> \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|əl}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː ~~\| align=left\|bott'''le'''~~ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| a \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑ,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: ɑr \|title="CUBE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑː \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|<s>ʊ</s>}}</big>~~ \| saf'''ar'''i,<br>st'''arr'''y \| align=left\|curric'''u'''lum ({{IPA\|[j<s>ʊ</s>]}})<ref>Pronounced {{IPA\|[ʊ]}} in many dialects, {{IPA\|[ə]}} in others. Many speakers freely alternate between a reduced {{IPA\|[ʊ̈]}} and a reduced {{IPA\|[ə]}}. The [[Oxford English Dictionary\|OED]] uses the pseudo-IPA symbol {{IPA\|<s>ʊ</s>}} [http://dictionary.oed.com/help/pronunciation-3e.html].</ref> \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ər}}</big>~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑː.r ~~\| align=left\|p'''er'''form, merc'''er''' (also {{IPA\|/ɚ/}})<ref name=rhoticschwa/>~~ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːr \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| ar \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑr \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɑːɹ \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|aɪ}} ~~\|<big>{{IPA\|ɵ}}</big>~~ \| pr'''i'''ce \| align=left\|foll'''o'''wing, '''o'''mission<ref>Pronounced {{IPA\|[ə]}} in many dialects, and {{IPA\|[ɵw]}} or {{IPA\|[əw]}} before another vowel, as in ''c'''o'''operate.'' Sometimes pronounced as a full {{IPA\|/oʊ/}}, especially in careful speech. (Bolinger 1989)</ref> \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ai ~~\| colspan=2\|~~ \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑɪ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑj \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|aɪər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| f'''ire''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| aiə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| a''ɪ''‿ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪ‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪər \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə(r){{efn\|name=nostress}} \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə{{efn\|name=nostress}} \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪər{{efn\|name=nostress}} \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑɪə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑjə \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| f'''ire'''man \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| aiə \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| a''ɪ''‿ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪ‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪər \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑɪə,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: ɑɪər \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑjə \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| [[Irony\|'''ir'''ony]], f'''ir'''ing \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| aiər \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪ''ə''.r, {{bg\|PaleGreen\|aɪə.r}}{{efn\|EPD (BE): {{IPA\|/aɪ''ə''.r/}} in '''''ir'''ony'', '''''Ir'''ish''; {{IPA\|/aɪə.r/}} in ''f'''ir'''ing''.}} \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪ.r, {{bg\|LightPink\|aɪɚ}}{{efn\|EPD (AE): {{IPA\|/aɪ.r/}} in '''''ir'''ony'', '''''Ir'''ish''; {{IPA\|/aɪɚ/}} in ''f'''ir'''ing''.}} \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪ<sup>ə</sup>r, a''ɪ''‿ər{{efn\|Longman (BE): {{IPA\|/aɪ<sup>ə</sup>r/}} in '''''ir'''ony''; {{IPA\|/a''ɪ''‿ər/}} in ''f'''ir'''ing''.}} \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪ<sup>ə</sup>r, aɪ‿<sup>ə</sup>r{{efn\|Longman (AE): {{IPA\|/aɪ<sup>ə</sup>r/}} in '''''ir'''ony''; {{IPA\|/aɪ‿<sup>ə</sup>r/}} in ''f'''ir'''ing''.}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪr, {{bg\|PaleGreen\|aɪər}}{{efn\|OALD (BE): {{IPA\|aɪr}} in '''''ir'''ony''; {{IPA\|aɪər}} in ''f'''ir'''ing''.}} \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪr, {{bg\|PaleGreen\|aɪər}}{{efn\|OALD (AE): {{IPA\|aɪr}} in '''''ir'''ony''; {{IPA\|aɪər}} in ''f'''ir'''ing''.}} \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪər \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪr \|title="dict AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪ r \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪr, ʌɪər{{efn\|SOED: {{IPA\|/ʌɪr/}} in '''''ir'''ony''; {{IPA\|/ʌɪər/}} in ''f'''ir'''ing''.}} \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪr, ʌɪər{{efn\|OED3 (BE): {{IPA\|/ʌɪr/}} in '''''ir'''ony''; {{IPA\|/ʌɪər/}} in ''f'''ir'''ing''.}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪr, {{bg\|LemonChiffon\|aɪ(ə)r}}{{efn\|OED3 (AE): {{IPA\|/aɪr/}} in '''''ir'''ony''; {{IPA\|/aɪ(ə)r/}} in ''f'''ir'''ing''.}} \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪr \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪər \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑɪər \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑjɹ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|aɪ\|.\|ər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| fl'''yer''',<br>h'''igher''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| aiə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪ.ə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪ.ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| a''ɪ''‿ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪ‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪər \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aɪ ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʌɪə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪɚ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aɪ•ə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| aɪə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑɪə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑjə \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|aʊ}} \| m'''ou'''th \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| au \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aᴜ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aᴜ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑʊ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aw \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|aʊər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| fl'''our''',<br>h'''our''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| auə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊr, aʊr/aʊɚ{{efn\|EPD (AE): {{IPA\|/aʊr/}} in ''fl'''our'''''; {{IPA\|/aʊr/}} or {{IPA\|/aʊɚ/}} in ''h'''our'''''.}} \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| a''ʊ''‿ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊ‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə(r){{efn\|name=nostress\|If there are no other syllables, the word bears no stress mark, indicating a mono-syllabic pronunciation.}} \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər/{{bg\|LightPink\|aʊ ər}} \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə{{efn\|name=nostress}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊ(ə)r{{efn\|name=nostress}} \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aᴜr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aᴜə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɑʊə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| awə \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| h'''our'''glass,<br>h'''our'''ly \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| auə \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊr/aʊɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| a''ʊ''‿ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊ‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər/{{bg\|LightPink\|aʊ ər}} \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aᴜr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aᴜə \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə \|title="WL"\| \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| awə \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| fl'''our'''y \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| auər \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊə.r \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊ''ə''.r \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| a''ʊ''‿ər \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊ‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər{{efn\|dict (BE): In ''d'''owr'''y''.}} \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər/{{bg\|LightPink\|aʊ ə r}} \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər \|title="OED3 AE"\| \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aᴜr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aᴜər \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊər \|title="WL"\| \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| awɹ \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|aʊ\|.\|ər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| fl'''ower''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| auə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| a''ʊ''‿ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊ‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| aʊə/{{bg\|LightPink\|aʊə{{efn\|name=nostress}}}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aᴜɚ/aᴜr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aᴜ•ə(r/{{bg\|LightPink\|aᴜə(r}} \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑʊə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| awə \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| fl'''ower'''bed \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| auə \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| a''ʊ''‿ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊ‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə{{efn\|dict (BE): In ''fl'''ower'''less''.}} \|title="dict AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə \|title="OED3 BE"\| \|title="OED3 AE"\| \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aᴜr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| aᴜə \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑʊə,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: ɑʊər \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| awə \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| fl'''ower'''y \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| auər \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊə.r \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| a''ʊ''‿ər \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊ‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| aʊ ə r \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| aᴜr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| aᴜər \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| aʊər \|title="WL"\| \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| awəɹ \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|eɪ}} \| f'''a'''ce \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ei \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| e \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| e \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛj \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɛər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| squ'''are''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɛə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| e<sup>ə</sup>r/{{small\|æ<sup>ə</sup>r}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɛə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɛə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɛ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛr/ær \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| æə(r,<br>{{abbr\|E\|Eastern}}: {{bg\|LemonChiffon\|ɛə(r}} \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɛə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| eə,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: eər \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛː \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| b'''air'''n \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɛə \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eə \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| e<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eə \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɛə \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɛə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛr/ær/er \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| æə/eə,<br>{{abbr\|E\|Eastern}}: {{bg\|LemonChiffon\|ɛə}} \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɛə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| eə,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: eər \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛː \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| f'''air'''y \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛər \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eə.r \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eər \|title="Longman AE"\| \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eər \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| er \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛər \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛər \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛːr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛːr \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛr/ɛːr/ær \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛr/ɛːr/ær,<br>{{abbr\|S\|Southern}}: ær/er \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɛər \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| eər \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛːɹ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|eɪ\|.\|ər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| pr'''ayer'''{{efn\|Person who prays.}},<br>l'''ayer''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| e''i''ə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| eɪ.ə<sup>r</sup>, eɪ.ə<sup>r</sup>/{{bg\|LightPink\|eə<sup>r</sup>}}{{efn\|EPD (BE): {{IPA\|/eɪ.ə<sup>r</sup>/}} in ''pr'''ayer'''''; {{IPA\|/eɪ.ə<sup>r</sup>/}} or {{IPA\|/eə<sup>r</sup>/}} in ''l'''ayer'''''.}} \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪ.ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| eɪ ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| eɪ <sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪə(r)/eə(r)<!--"layer"--> \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪər \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| eɪ ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪər/ɛ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| e•ɚ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| e•ə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| eɪə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɛjə \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|iː}} \| fl'''ee'''ce \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| i \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| iː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| i \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| i \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| i \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| i \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| i \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪj \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɪər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| n'''ear''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| iə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪ<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪː \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| b'''ear'''d \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| iə \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪ<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɪə,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: {{bg\|PaleGreen\|ɪər}} \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪː \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| '''eer'''ie \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| iər \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪə.r \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| iːr \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr/ir \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr/ir \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪər \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪːɹ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|iː\|ər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| s'''eer''',<br>fr'''eer''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| i(ː)ə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| iː.ə<sup>r</sup>/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɪə<sup>r</sup>}}, iː.ə<sup>r</sup>{{efn\|EPD (BE): {{IPA\|/iː.ə<sup>r</sup>/}} or {{IPA\|/ɪə<sup>r</sup>/}} in ''s'''eer'''''; {{IPA\|/iː.ə<sup>r</sup>/}} in ''fr'''eer'''''.}} \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| iː.ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| i''ː''‿ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| i''ː''‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪə(r), {{bg\|LemonChiffon\|iːə(r)}}{{efn\|OALD (BE): {{IPA\|ɪə(r)}} in ''s'''eer'''''; {{IPA\|iːə(r)}} in ''fr'''eer'''''.}} \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪr, {{bg\|PaleGreen\|iːər}}{{efn\|OALD (AE): {{IPA\|ɪr}} in ''s'''eer'''''; {{IPA\|iːər}} in ''fr'''eer'''''.}} \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪə(r)/iːə(r), iːə(r){{efn\|{{IPA\|/ɪə(r)/}} or {{IPA\|/iːə(r)/}} in ''s'''eer'''''; {{IPA\|/iːə(r)/}} in ''fr'''eer'''''.}} \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| iːə{{efn\|dict (BE): In ''overs'''eer'''''.}} \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| i ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪə/iːə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| iːə/ɪə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| iər/ɪ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| iɚ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| i•ə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪjə \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɔː}} \| th'''ough'''t \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑː/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ɔː}} \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑː \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oː \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɔːr}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| w'''ar''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː/{{bg\|LightPink\|{{small\|ɔə}}}} \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oː \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| n'''or'''th \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔə \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: ɔr \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oː \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| '''aur'''al \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː.r \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|style="background:PaleGreen\|<!--SOED--> ɔːr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oːɹ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|ɔː\|ər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| dr'''awer'''{{efn\|Person who draws.}},<br>r'''awer''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔːə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː.ə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɑː.ɚ/ɔː.ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔː<sup>r</sup> ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔː‿<sup>ə</sup>r/{{small\|ɑː‿<sup>ə</sup>r}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔːə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔːər \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔːə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔːə \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔː(r)ə<!--sic--> \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔːə \|title="OED3 AE"\| \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔ•ɚ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ•ə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔə(r) \|title="CUBE"\| \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|oʊ}} \| g'''oa'''t \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ou \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| o \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| o \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əw \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɔːr}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| '''ore''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː/{{bg\|LightPink\|{{small\|ɔə}}}} \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr/{{bg\|LightPink\|{{small\|oʊr}}}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr/{{bg\|LightPink\|oʊr}} \|title="SOED"\| \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| or/{{bg\|LemonChiffon\|ɔr}} \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| oə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oː \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| f'''or'''ce \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr/{{bg\|LightPink\|{{small\|oʊr}}}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔə \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr/{{bg\|LightPink\|oʊr}} \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| or/{{bg\|LemonChiffon\|ɔr}} \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| oə \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔ,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: ɔr \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oː \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| '''or'''al \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔː.r \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr/{{bg\|LightPink\|{{small\|oʊr}}}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔər \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɒr}} \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr/{{bg\|LightPink\|oʊr}} \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔːr \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| or/ɔr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| or/{{bg\|LemonChiffon\|ɔr}},<br>{{abbr\|S\|Southern}}: or \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| {{bg\|LightPink\|ɒr}} \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔr,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: {{bg\|LightPink\|or}} \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oːɹ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|oʊ\|.\|ər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| m'''ower''',<br>l'''ow'''er{{efn\|Cause to descend, or [[comparative\|comp.]] of ''low''.}} \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| o''u''ə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ.ə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oʊ.ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| oʊ <sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊər \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oʊər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| o•ɚ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| o•ə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| oʊə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊə,<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: əʊər \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əwə \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɔɪ}} \| ch'''oi'''ce \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔi \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| oj \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|ɔɪər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| c'''oir''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔiə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪ ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪ<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪər \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪə{{efn\|name=nostress}} \|title="dict AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪr \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪə \|title="OED3 AE"\| \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪə \|title="WL"\| \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ojə \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|ɔɪ\|.\|ər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| empl'''oyer''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔiə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪ.ə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪ.ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪ ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɔɪ <sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪər \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪ(j)ər/ɔjər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔjɚ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɔɪ•ə(r/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɔjə(r}} \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔɪə \|title="WL"\| \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ojə \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|uː}} \| g'''oo'''se \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| u \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| uː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| u \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| u \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| u \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| u \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| u \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʉw \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|ʊər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| c'''ure''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| uə/{{small\|oə/ɔə/ɔː}} \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə/{{small\|{{bg\|LightPink\|ɔː}}}} \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊ<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊr \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɔː}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊ(ə)r \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ᴜr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ᴜə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə/{{bg\|LightPink\|uə}}/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɔ}} \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɵː/oː{{efn\|See [http://englishspeechservices.com/blog/british-vowels/ english speech services {{pipe}} The British English vowel system].}} \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| proc'''ure'''ment,<br>p'''oor'''ness \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| uə/{{small\|oə/ɔə/ɔː}} \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɔː}}, {{bg\|LightPink\|ɔː}}/ʊə{{efn\|EPD (BE): {{IPA\|/ʊə/}} or {{IPA\|/ɔː/}} in ''proc'''ure'''ment''; {{IPA\|/ɔː/}} or {{IPA\|/ʊə/}} in ''p'''oor'''house''.}} \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɔː/{{small\|{{bg\|LemonChiffon\|ʊə}}}} \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊr/{{small\|ɔːr}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə, {{bg\|LightPink\|ɔː}}/ʊə{{efn\|OALD (BE): {{IPA\|/ʊə/}} in ''proc'''ure'''ment''; {{IPA\|/ɔː/}} or {{IPA\|/ʊə/}} in ''p'''oor'''house''.}} \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊr, ʊr/ɔːr{{efn\|OALD (AE): {{IPA\|/ʊr/}} in ''proc'''ure'''ment''; {{IPA\|/ʊr/}} or {{IPA\|/ɔːr/}} in ''p'''oor'''house''.}} \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɔː}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ur/ʊr \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ᴜr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ᴜə/{{bg\|LightPink\|oə/ɔə}} \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə/{{bg\|LightPink\|uə}}/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɔ}} \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ʊə/{{small\|ɔ}},<br>{{abbr\|AE\|American English}}: {{bg\|PaleGreen\|ʊər}} \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɵː, oː{{efn\|CUBE: {{IPA\|/ɵː/}} in ''proc'''ure'''ment''; {{IPA\|/oː/}} in ''p'''oor'''house''.}} \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| f'''ur'''y \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| uər/{{small\|oər/ɔər/ɔːr}} \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊə.r \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊr \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər/{{small\|{{bg\|LightPink\|ɔːr}}}} \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊr \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊr \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɔːr}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ur, ʊr{{efn\|OED3 (AE): {{IPA\|/ur/}} in ''f'''ur'''y''; {{IPA\|/ʊr/}} in ''l'''ur'''id''.}} \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ᴜr \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ᴜr \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| ur \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊər \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɵːɹ/oːɹ \|- ! {{IPAc-en\|uː\|ər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| f'''ewer''',<br>s'''ewer'''{{efn\|Drain.}} \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| uə/{{small\|oə}} \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| uː.ə<sup>r</sup>, {{bg\|LightPink\|ʊə<sup>r</sup>}}{{efn\|EPD (BE): {{IPA\|/uː.ə<sup>r</sup>/}} in ''f'''ewer'''''; {{IPA\|/ʊə<sup>r</sup>/}} in ''s'''ewer'''''.}} \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| uː.ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| u''ː''‿ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| u''ː''‿<sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| uːə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| uːər \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| uːə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| uːə \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| u ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| uːə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| uːə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| uər/ʊər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| u•ɚ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| u•ə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| uə \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| uə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʉwə \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɜːr}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| f'''ur''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| əː* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝː \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝː \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɜːr \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜr \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| əː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜ(r/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɝ}} \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜ \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əː \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| n'''ur'''se \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| əː \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝː \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝː \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɜːr \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜː \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜr \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| əː \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əː \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜ/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɝ}} \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜ \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əː \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| f'''urr'''y \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| əːr \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɜː.r \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝː \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɜːr \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝː \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɜːr \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɜːr \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɜːr \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɜːr \|title="dict AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜr \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| əːr \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əːr \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɝ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜr/{{bg\|LightPink\|ɝ}} \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜr \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ɜr \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əːɹ \|- !colspan="2" rowspan="2"\| [[Help:IPA/English\|WP]] !rowspan="2"\| example<br>word !rowspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>1930 !colspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>2003 !colspan="2"\| [[Longman Pronunciation Dictionary\|Longman]] !colspan="2"\| [[Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary\|OALD]] !rowspan="2"\| [[OED]]2 !colspan="2"\| [[Dictionary.com\|dict]] !rowspan="2"\| [[SOED]] !colspan="2"\| OED3 !colspan="2"\| [[Kenyon and Knott\|K&K]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Macquarie Dictionary\|Mac]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Jack Windsor Lewis\|WL]] !rowspan="2"\| [http://seas3.elte.hu/cube/ CUBE] \|- !title="EPD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="EPD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="Longman BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="Longman AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OALD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OALD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="dict BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="dict AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OED3 BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OED3 AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="K&K GA"\| ([[General American\|GA]]) !title="K&K ES"\| ([[Rhoticity in English\|{{abbr\|ES\|Eastern and Southern American English}}]]) \|} {{notelist}} ===Reduced vowels=== {\| class="wikitable" \|+ [[Stress and vowel reduction in English\|Reduced vowels]] \|- !colspan="2" rowspan="2"\| [[Help:IPA/English\|WP]] !rowspan="2"\| example<br>word !rowspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>1930 !colspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>2003 !colspan="2"\| [[Longman Pronunciation Dictionary\|Longman]] !colspan="2"\| [[Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary\|OALD]] !rowspan="2"\| [[OED]]2 !colspan="2"\| [[Dictionary.com\|dict]] !rowspan="2"\| [[SOED]] !colspan="2"\| OED3 !colspan="2"\| [[Kenyon and Knott\|K&K]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Macquarie Dictionary\|Mac]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Jack Windsor Lewis\|WL]] !rowspan="2"\| [http://seas3.elte.hu/cube/ CUBE] \|- !title="EPD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="EPD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="Longman BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="Longman AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OALD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OALD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="dict BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="dict AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OED3 BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OED3 AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="K&K GA"\| ([[General American\|GA]]) !title="K&K ES"\| ([[Rhoticity in English\|{{abbr\|ES\|Eastern and Southern American English}}]]) \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ə}} \| comm'''a''', '''a'''go \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ən}} \| kitt'''en''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| n \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>n \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>n \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>n \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>n \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| n \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| n \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| (ə)n \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ən \|title="dict AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| n \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| (ə)n \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| n̩ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ən \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| n̩ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| n̩ \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| n \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| n \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ən \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|əm}} \| rhyth'''m''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| m \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>m \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>m \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ''ə''m \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ''ə''m \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| (ə)m \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| m̩ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm/{{small\|{{bg\|LightPink\|m̩}}}} \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm/{{small\|{{bg\|LightPink\|m̩}}}} \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| m \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əm \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|əl}} \| midd'''le''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| l \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| l̩ \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| l̩ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>l \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>l \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| l \|title="OALD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| l \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| (ə)l \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əl \|title="dict AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| l \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| (ə)l \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| l̩/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|əl}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| (ə)l \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| l̩ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| l̩ \|title="Mac" style="background:LightPink;"\| l \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| l \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əl \|- !rowspan="3"\| {{IPAc-en\|ər}} !title="at the end of a word"\| _∅ \| lett'''er''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə* \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə<sup>r</sup> \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə(r) \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə(r) \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɚ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə(r \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="WL" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə(r) \|title="CUBE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|- !title="before a consonant"\| _C \| bitt'''er'''sweet \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="OED2" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="dict BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɚ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ə \|title="Mac" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|title="WL"\| \|title="CUBE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ə \|- !title="before a vowel"\| _V \| murd'''er'''er \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| <sup>ə</sup>r \|title="EPD AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɚ \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ‿''ə''r \|title="Longman AE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| ''ə''r \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər{{efn\|dict (BE): In ''murd'''er'''ous''.}} \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="SOED" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| (ə)r \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LemonChiffon;"\| (ə)r \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ər \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| əɹ \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|i}} \| happ'''y''' \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪ \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪ \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪ \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| i \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ɪj \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|u}} \| sit'''u'''ation, act'''u'''ate \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| u \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| u \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| u \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| u \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| u \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| u \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| u \|title="OED2" style="background:LightPink;"\| uː \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| u \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊ \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊ \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əw \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| ᴜ/əw{{efn\|K&K (GA): {{IPA\|/ˌsɪtʃᴜˈeʃən/}} or {{IPA\|/ˌsɪtʃəˈweʃən/}}.}} \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| ᴜ/əw{{efn\|K&K (ES): {{IPA\|/ˌsɪtʃᴜˈeʃən/}} or {{IPA\|/ˌsɪtʃəˈweʃən/}}.}} \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| u \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʊ \|title="CUBE" style="background:LightPink;"\| ʉw \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|,_\|ə}} \| ros'''e'''s, '''e'''nough,<br>'''e'''nounce, '''e'''mission,<br>mistr'''e'''ss \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| i, i/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|{{small\|ə}}}}, i/{{small\|iː}}, i(ː){{efn\|EPD 1930: {{IPA\|/i/}} in ''ros'''e'''s'', ''mistr'''e'''ss''; {{IPA\|/i/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ə/}}}} in '''''e'''nough''; {{IPA\|/i/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/iː/}}}} in '''''e'''mission''; {{IPA\|/i(ː)/}} in '''''e'''nounce''.}} \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, ɪ/ə, ə/ɪ, ɪ/{{bg\|LightPink\|iː}}{{efn\|EPD (BE): {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in ''ros'''e'''s'', '''''e'''nounce''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} or {{IPA\|/ə/}} in '''''e'''nough''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} or {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in ''mistr'''e'''ss''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} or {{IPA\|/iː/}} in '''''e'''mission''.}} \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, ɪ/ə, ɪ/{{bg\|LightPink\|iː}}{{efn\|EPD (AE): {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in ''ros'''e'''s'', '''''e'''nounce'', ''mistr'''e'''s''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} or {{IPA\|/ə/}} in '''''e'''nough''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} or {{IPA\|/iː/}} in '''''e'''mission''.}} \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ/{{small\|ə}}, ɪ/{{small\|ə/{{bg\|LightPink\|iː}}}}, ɪ/{{bg\|LightPink\|{{small\|iː}}}}, ə/{{small\|ɪ}}{{efn\|Longman (BE): {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ə/}}}} in ''ros'''e'''s'', '''''e'''nough''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ə, iː/}}}} in '''''e'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/iː/}}}} in '''''e'''nounce''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ɪ/}}}} in ''mistr'''e'''ss''.}} \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə, ɪ/{{small\|ə}}, ɪ/{{small\|ə/{{bg\|LightPink\|iː}}}}, ɪ/{{bg\|LightPink\|{{small\|iː}}}}, ə/{{small\|ɪ}}{{efn\|Longman (AE): {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''ros'''e'''s''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ə/}}}} in '''''e'''nough''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ə, iː/}}}} in '''''e'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/iː/}}}} in '''''e'''nounce''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ɪ/}}}} in ''mistr'''e'''ss''.}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, ə{{efn\|OALD (BE): {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in '''''e'''nough'', '''''e'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''mistr'''e'''ss''}} \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, ə{{efn\|OALD (AE): {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in '''''e'''nough'', '''''e'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''mistr'''e'''ss''}} \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, {{bg\|LightPink\|iː}}/ɪ{{efn\|SOED: {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in '''''e'''nough'', '''''e'''mission'', ''mistr'''e'''ss''; {{IPA\|/iː/}} or {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in '''''e'''nounce''.}} \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, {{bg\|LightPink\|ᵻ}}{{efn\|OED3 (BE): {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in '''''e'''nough'', '''''e'''nounce'', '''''e'''mission'', ''r'''e'''act''; {{IPA\|/ᵻ/}} in ''mistr'''e'''ss'', ''d'''e'''sign'', ''beaut'''i'''ful''.}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, ə{{efn\|OED3 (AE): {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in '''''e'''nough'', '''''e'''nounce'', '''''e'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''mistr'''e'''ss''.}} \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, ə/ɪ, {{bg\|LightPink\|i}}{{efn\|K&K (GA): {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in ''ros'''e'''s'', '''''e'''mission'', ''mistr'''e'''ss''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} or {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in '''''e'''nough''; {{IPA\|/i/}} in '''''e'''nounce''.}} \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, ə/ɪ, {{bg\|LightPink\|i}}{{efn\|K&K (ES): {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in ''ros'''e'''s'', '''''e'''mission'', ''mistr'''e'''ss''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} or {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in '''''e'''nough''; {{IPA\|/i/}} in '''''e'''nounce''.}} \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə, ə/{{bg\|LightPink\|i}}, {{bg\|LightPink\|i}}{{efn\|Mac: {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''ros'''e'''s'', ''mistr'''e'''ss''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} or {{IPA\|/i/}} in '''''e'''mission'', '''''e'''nough''; {{IPA\|/i/}} in '''''e'''nounce''.}} \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, ɪ/{{small\|ə}}, ə/{{small\|ɪ}}{{efn\|WL: {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in '''''e'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ə/}}}} in '''''e'''nough''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ɪ/}}}} in ''mistr'''e'''ss''.}} \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ɪ, ə{{efn\|CUBE: {{IPA\|/ɪ/}} in ''ros'''e'''s'', '''''e'''nough'', '''''e'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''mistr'''e'''ss''.}} \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|oʊ\|,_\|ə}} \| foll'''ow''', c'''o'''operate,<br>'''o'''mission, kil'''o'''gram \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ou, o''u'', o/{{small\|ou/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}}}, o/{{small\|{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}}}{{efn\|EPD 1930: {{IPA\|/ou/}} in ''foll'''ow'''''; {{IPA\|/o''u''/}} in ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/o/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ou/}}, {{IPA\|/ə/}}}} in '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/o/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ə/}}}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="EPD BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ, ə''ʊ''{{efn\|EPD (BE): {{IPA\|/əʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/ə''ʊ''/}} in '''''o'''mission'', ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ, oʊ/ə{{efn\|EPD (AE): {{IPA\|/oʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate'', '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/oʊ/}} or {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="Longman BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ, ə''ʊ'', {{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}{{efn\|Longman (BE): {{IPA\|/əʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/ə''ʊ''/}} in '''''o'''mission'', ''kil'''o'''byte''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ, oʊ/{{small\|ə}}, ə{{efn\|Longman (AE): {{IPA\|/oʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/oʊ/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ə/}}}} in '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| {{bg\|LightPink\|əʊ}}, ə{{efn\|OALD (BE): {{IPA\|/əʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in '''''o'''mission'', ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| {{bg\|LightPink\|əʊ}}, ə{{efn\|OALD (AE): {{IPA\|/əʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in '''''o'''mission'', ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| {{bg\|LightPink\|əʊ}}, ə{{efn\|OED2: {{IPA\|/əʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate'', '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="dict BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ, ə{{efn\|dict (AE): {{IPA\|/oʊ/}} in ''c'''o'''operate'', ''foll'''ow''''', '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="SOED" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ, ə(ʊ), {{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}{{efn\|SOED: {{IPA\|/əʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/ə(ʊ)/}} in '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ, ə(ʊ), {{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}{{efn\|OED3 (BE): {{IPA\|/əʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/ə(ʊ)/}} in '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ, oʊ/ə, ə{{efn\|OED (AE): {{IPA\|/oʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/oʊ/}} or {{IPA\|/ə/}} in '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="K&K GA" style="background:LightPink;"\| o/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}, o, {{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}{{efn\|K&K (GA): {{IPA\|/o/}} or {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''foll'''ow'''''; {{IPA\|/o/}} in ''c'''o'''operate'', '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="K&K ES" style="background:LightPink;"\| o/{{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}, o, {{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}{{efn\|K&K (ES): {{IPA\|/o/}} or {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''foll'''ow'''''; {{IPA\|/o/}} in ''c'''o'''operate'', '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| oʊ, oʊ/ə, ə{{efn\|Mac: {{IPA\|/oʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/oʊ/}} or {{IPA\|/ə/}} '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="WL" style="background:LightPink;"\| əʊ, {{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}/{{small\|əʊ}}, {{bg\|PaleGreen\|ə}}{{efn\|WL: {{IPA\|/əʊ/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/əʊ/}}}} in '''''o'''mission''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| {{bg\|LightPink\|əw}}, ə{{efn\|CUBE: {{IPA\|/əw/}} in ''foll'''ow''''', ''c'''o'''operate''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in '''''o'''mission'', ''kil'''o'''gram''.}} \|- !colspan="2"\| {{IPAc-en\|ʊ\|,_\|ə}} \| beautif'''u'''l, curric'''u'''lum \|title="EPD 1930" style="background:LightPink;"\| ''u'', u/{{small\|ə}}{{efn\|EPD 1930: {{IPA\|/''u''/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l''; {{IPA\|/u/}} or {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="EPD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| <sup>ə</sup>/ʊ, ə/ʊ{{efn\|EPD (BE): {{IPA\|/<sup>ə</sup>/}} or {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} or {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="EPD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| <sup>ə</sup>/ʊ, ə{{efn\|EPD (AE): {{IPA\|/ə/}} or {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="Longman BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| <sup>ə</sup>/{{small\|ʊ}}, ʊ/{{small\|ə}}{{efn\|Longman (BE): {{IPA\|/<sup>ə</sup>/}} or {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l''; {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} {{small\|or {{IPA\|/ə/}}}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="Longman AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| <sup>ə</sup>/{{small\|ʊ}}, ə{{efn\|Longman (AE): {{IPA\|/<sup>ə</sup>/}} or {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="OALD BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| {{bg\|LightPink\|–}}, ə{{efn\|OALD (BE): – in ''beautif'''u'''l'' {{IPA\|/ˈbjuːtɪfl/}}; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="OALD AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| {{bg\|LightPink\|–}}, ə{{efn\|OALD (BE): – in ''beautif'''u'''l'' {{IPA\|/ˈbjuːtɪfl/}}; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="OED2" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="dict BE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ \|title="dict AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="SOED" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ/(ə), ʊ{{efn\|SOED: {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} or {{IPA\|/(ə)/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l''; {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="OED3 BE" style="background:LightPink;"\| (ᵿ), ᵿ{{efn\|OED3 (BE): {{IPA\|/(ᵿ)/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l''; {{IPA\|/ᵿ/}} in ''pend'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="OED3 AE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|title="K&K GA" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə{{efn\|K&K (GA): {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l'', ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="K&K ES" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə{{efn\|K&K (ES): {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l'', ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="Mac" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ʊ, ə{{efn\|Mac: {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} in ''beautif'''u'''l''; {{IPA\|/ə/}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="WL" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| {{bg\|LightPink\|–}}, ʊ{{efn\|WL: – in ''beautif'''u'''l'' {{IPA\|/ˈbjutəfl/}}; {{IPA\|/ʊ/}} in ''curric'''u'''lum''.}} \|title="CUBE" style="background:PaleGreen;"\| ə \|- !colspan="2" rowspan="2"\| [[Help:IPA/English\|WP]] !rowspan="2"\| example<br>word !rowspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>1930 !colspan="2"\| [[English Pronouncing Dictionary\|EPD]]<br>2003 !colspan="2"\| [[Longman Pronunciation Dictionary\|Longman]] !colspan="2"\| [[Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary\|OALD]] !rowspan="2"\| [[OED]]2 !colspan="2"\| [[Dictionary.com\|dict]] !rowspan="2"\| [[SOED]] !colspan="2"\| OED3 !colspan="2"\| [[Kenyon and Knott\|K&K]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Macquarie Dictionary\|Mac]] !rowspan="2"\| [[Jack Windsor Lewis\|WL]] !rowspan="2"\| [http://seas3.elte.hu/cube/ CUBE] \|- !title="EPD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="EPD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="Longman BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="Longman AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OALD BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OALD AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="dict BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="dict AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="OED3 BE"\| ([[British English\|BE]]) !title="OED3 AE"\| ([[American English\|AE]]) !title="K&K GA"\| ([[General American\|GA]]) !title="K&K ES"\| ([[Rhoticity in English\|{{abbr\|ES\|Eastern and Southern American English}}]]) \|} {{notelist}} ==Stress== ~~One-syllable~~Stress ~~words~~need ~~may~~not ~~have~~be ~~stress.~~included ~~Most~~in ~~dictionaries~~the ~~leave~~notation of a monosyllabic word since it ~~out~~is self-evident. In phrases, ~~but~~however, ~~that~~it ~~can~~is beadvised ~~confusing~~to ~~when~~include ~~several~~stress ~~such~~even ~~words~~of ~~are~~a monosyllabic word because a lack of stress may indicate a different pronunciation ~~strung~~than ~~together~~intended. For example, in the name [[Zack de la Rocha]], ''Zack'' and ''Rocha'' have stress, but ''de la'' does not: {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|z\|æ\|k\|_\|d\|ɛ\|l\|ə\|_\|ˈ\|r\|oʊ\|tʃ\|ə}}. It would therefore convey an incorrect pronunciation to leave the stress mark off ''Zack''~~: {{IPA\|/ˈzæk dɛlə ˈroʊtʃə/}}~~. OED2 does not indicate stress on monosyllables, but uses the stress mark to disambiguate disyllables: ''higher'' ({{IPA\|ˈhaɪə(r)}}) vs. ''hire'' ({{IPA\|haɪə(r)}}). On WP, the distinction is made with the aid of the syllabification mark: {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|h\|aɪ\|.\|ər}}, {{IPAc-en\|h\|aɪər}}. Dictionaries also disagree on secondary stress. Generally, any stressed syllable prior to the last is marked as secondary ({{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|z\|æ\|k\|_\|d\|ɛ\|l\|ə\|_\|ˈ\|r\|oʊ\|tʃ\|ə}}), and that convention is followed here. However, several dictionaries also mark full (unreduced) vowels as having secondary stress when they come after the primary stress, even though they are not actually stressed: ''cerebrate'', dict.com {{IPA\|/ˈsɛrəˌbreɪt/}}, OED2 {{IPA\|(ˈsɛrɪbreɪt)}}. This practice is avoided on Wikipedia; if you have a word transcribed {{IPA\|/ˈCVˌCV/}}, it should probably be {{IPA\|/ˈCVCV/}}: {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|ɛr\|ɪ\|b\|r\|eɪ\|t}}. ==References== * {{Cite book \| last = Jones \| first = Daniel \| author-link = Daniel Jones (phonetician) \| title = An English Pronouncing Dictionary \| place = London, Toronto \| publisher = J. M. Dent & Sons \| orig-year = 1917 \| edition = Revised \| year = 1930 }} * {{Cite book \| last = Jones \| first = Daniel \| author-link = Daniel Jones (phonetician) \| title = English Pronouncing Dictionary \|editor=Peter Roach \|editor2=James Hartmann \|editor3=Jane Setter \| place = Cambridge \| publisher = Cambridge University Press \| orig-year = 1917 \| year = 2003 }} {{Cite book \| last = Kenyon \| first = John Samuel \| author-link = John Samuel Kenyon \| last2 = Knott \| first2 = Thomas Albert \| title = [[Kenyon and Knott\|A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English]] \| place = Springfield, Mass. \| publisher = Merriam \| year = 1953 }} {{Cite book \| title = [[Macquarie Dictionary\|The Macquarie Dictionary]] \| place = McMahons Point, NSW, Australia \| publisher = Macquary Library \| year = 1982 }} {{Cite book \| last = Wells \| first = J. C. \| author-link = John C. Wells \| title = Longman Pronunciation Dictionary \| publisher = Longman \| orig-year = 1990 \| year = 2003 }} {{Cite book \| last = Windsor Lewis \| first = J. \| title = A Concise Pronouncing Dictionary of British and American English \| place = London \| publisher = Oxford University Press \| year = 1972 }} {{IPA keys horizontal}} [[Category:International Phonetic Alphabet help\|English conventions]] Dictionaries also disagree on secondary stress. Generally, any stressed syllable prior to the last is marked as secondary ({{IPA\|/ˌzæk dɛlə ˈroʊtʃə/}}), and that convention is followed here. However, several dictionaries also mark full (unreduced) vowels as having secondary stress when they come after the primary stress, even though they are not actually stressed. This practice is avoided on Wikipedia; if you have a word transcribed {{IPA\|/ˈCVˌCV/}}, it should probably be {{IPA\|/ˈCVCV/}}.